CN207019306U - The freeze proof high efficiency Natural Circulation solar boiler of high temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-temperature antifreeze high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler, which comprises a solar heat collector unit and a water storage tank. The side walls surrounding the water storage tank are provided with thermal cycle connection nozzles at intervals; the solar collector unit is a single-tube circulation collector unit, and each thermal cycle connection nozzle of the water storage tank can be independently connected to a solar collector The connected solar heat collector units are all horizontally connected with the heat collecting surface parallel to the horizontal plane, and the solar heat collector units directly connected with the water storage tank are used as the primary heat collector unit. Its advantages are: no power natural circulation, no scaling in the tube cavity of the collector, no residue of impurities, high thermal efficiency, good frost resistance, compact structure, reasonable land occupation, and can form a large-scale heat collection field.

Description

High temperature antifreeze high efficiency natural circulation solar boiler

technical field

The utility model relates to a high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler, which belongs to the technical field of solar boilers.

Background technique

At present, there are many domestic solar heat utilization products, which are generally used to generate electricity or provide energy for water heaters in modern times. As far as solar water heaters are concerned, solar boilers are a branch of solar water heater applications. The solar boiler is mainly composed of a solar collector, a boiler body (water storage tank), and a circulation pipeline. The heat exchange cycle of solar boilers generally adopts forced circulation, and there are upper and lower circulating water pipes connected between the heat collector and the water storage tank, and the circulation is realized by a pump. The installation of the heat collectors adopts an angled installation in which the heat collecting surface is inclined to the horizontal plane. This installation method makes the installation of the heat collector very limited. The daylighting surface must face south in order to maximize the solar energy absorbed by the heat collector. As a result, the installation of the heat collector has higher requirements on the site and occupies a larger area, and it is difficult to form a large-scale heat collection field; and the installation of the heat collector is installed at an inclined angle to the horizontal plane, which will cause impurities, scale, and rust Deposits such as sundries are deposited at the bottom of the heat collecting tube, or at the lower part of the circulation pipeline. Over time, the pipeline will be blocked and the heat collection performance will decline. Especially in the field of civil hot water application, when the hot water condition deteriorates, impurities, scale, and pipeline blockage need to be removed, and the maintenance cost is very high. Road damage, scrapping, and waste of insulation materials. Existing solar boilers have more and longer circulation pipelines, use more insulation materials, and have high costs. When running at high temperature, the pipeline is long, the thermal resistance is large, and the heat loss in heat transfer is large; when running at low temperature, the pipeline is long and the heat loss is also large. When used in cold areas, the pipes are likely to freeze and be damaged in winter, resulting in failure or damage, making the system unable to operate normally.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a non-powered natural circulation, no scaling in the tube cavity of the heat collector, no residue of impurities, high thermal efficiency, good frost resistance, compact structure, reasonable land occupation, and can form a large-scale collector. High-temperature anti-freeze high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler in the thermal field.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in the following ways:

The utility model comprises a solar heat collector unit and a water storage tank, and is characterized in that: the water storage tank is a vertical box body symmetrical to the central axis, and the side walls of the water storage tank are provided with thermal Circulation connection nozzle; the solar collector unit is a single-tube circulation collector unit, including a box or bracket, and a main collector tube. The orthographic projection of the solar collector unit is a fan ring or isosceles trapezoid, and the main collector tube is fixed The symmetrical center of the box or support, the central axis of the main heat collecting tube is parallel to the heat collecting surface of the solar collector unit, the main heat collecting tube has a butt joint opening only at the narrow end of the solar collector unit, and the other end is closed; storage Each thermal cycle connection nozzle of the water tank can be independently connected to a solar collector unit, and the connected solar collector units are all horizontally connected with the heat collecting surface parallel to the horizontal plane, and the solar collector directly connected to the water storage tank unit as a primary collector unit.

The water storage tank is cylindrical, stepped cylindrical, truncated prism, prism, truncated prism, and prism or truncated prism with curved sides, one of which;

A sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank;

The central axes of the heat circulation connection nozzles surrounding the side wall of the water storage tank are located at the same height, and are arranged at equal or unequal intervals. the torus;

The central axis of the heat cycle connection nozzle passes through the center of the cross-section of the water storage tank or the center of the circumscribed circle of the cross-section;

When the water storage tank is in the shape of a regular prism or a regular truncated prism, a thermal cycle connection nozzle is provided on each side of the water storage tank, and the central axis of the thermal cycle connection nozzle is perpendicular to the longitudinal symmetrical centerline of the side where it is located;

The cross-section of the main heat collecting tube is one of circular, elliptical, polygonal, and rectangular with rounded corners;

Heat absorbing plates are arranged on both sides of the main heat collecting tube of the solar heat collector unit, or branch heat collecting tubes are connected on both sides of the main heat collecting tube, and each branch heat collecting tube is a blind tube with one end open and the other end closed, each The open ends of the branch heat collector tubes are independently communicated with the main heat collector tube, and the central axes of all branch heat collector tubes are parallel to the horizontal plane;

The branch heat collecting tube may be a vacuum heat collecting tube;

The closed end of the main heat collecting tube is closed with a flanged plug;

A secondary heat collector unit can be connected to the outside of each primary heat collector unit, and the secondary heat collector unit is a flat-plate single-tube circulation collector with the same shape and structure as the primary heat collector unit. Heater unit, the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the secondary collector unit is greater than or equal to the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the primary collector unit, and the opposite direction of the main heat collecting tube of the secondary collector unit The nozzle is communicated with the closed end of the main heat collecting tube of the primary heat collector unit, and the two sides of the orthographic projection planes of the primary heat collector unit and the secondary heat collector unit are located on the two sides of the same fan-shaped surface, and The heat collecting surface of the secondary collector unit is parallel to the horizontal plane; similarly, a tertiary collector unit can be connected to the outside of each secondary collector unit, and the outside of each tertiary collector unit can be connected to A four-level heat collector unit, ..., each n-level heat collector unit can be connected to an n+1-level heat collector unit, n is a positive integer; the n+1-level heat collector unit is the same as The flat-plate single-tube circulating collector unit with the same shape and structure as the n-level collector unit, the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the n+1-level collector unit is greater than or equal to the orthographic projection surface of the n-level collector unit The short arc or short side of the collector unit, the butt nozzle of the main collector tube of the n+1-level collector unit is connected with the closed end of the main collector tube of the n-level collector unit, and the n-level collector unit and the n+1-level The two sides of the orthographic projection surface of the collector unit are located on the two sides of the same fan-shaped surface, and the heat collecting surfaces of all the collector units are parallel to the horizontal plane;

A second water storage tank is arranged below the water storage tank, and upper and lower water pipes are connected between the water storage tank and the second water storage tank, and valves are arranged on the upper and lower water pipes.

The utility model has the advantages that: the connection pipeline between the solar collector unit and the water storage tank is short, the structure is compact, the heat preservation material required is less, and the heat loss caused by the long circulation pipeline is avoided; the solar collector adopts the unit Splicing structure, each solar collector unit or a solar collector unit group spliced by n-level collector units is independently connected to the water storage tank, and the solar collector units can be flexibly set according to the site and needs, and can form large-scale heat collecting field; all solar collector units are installed horizontally, absorbing solar energy without angle restrictions, and high utilization rate of solar energy; each solar collector unit or solar collector unit group has only one interface between the main heat collecting tube and the water storage tank , the water inlet and outlet of the main collector tube are the same port, similarly, there is only one interface between each branch collector tube connected to the main collector tube and the main collector tube, and the water inlet and outlet of the branch collector tubes are the same port , while all heat collecting tubes are arranged horizontally, a horizontally running single-tube natural circulation is formed between each main heat collecting tube and the water storage tank, and a horizontally running single-tube natural circulation is also formed between each branch heat collecting tube and the main heat collecting tube, The single-tube natural circulation running horizontally has small temperature difference and small thermal resistance, which can realize boiling heat transfer, has super heat transfer speed and continuous heat transfer power, and has the mechanism of cavitation formation and collapse, which makes the inner wall of the heat collecting tube cavity No scaling, and impurities are not easy to remain in the heat collecting tube, so the water quality requirements are not high. All the impurities and scum in operation will be brought to the water storage tank by the water and sink to the bottom. The bottom of the water storage tank is equipped with a sewage outlet. It can be discharged at any time or regularly; the natural circulation of a single tube running horizontally, the water circulation power comes from the temperature difference outside, and the water circulates in an orderly manner in the tube cavity by itself, without additional power, the circulation is very smooth, and there is no tube holding phenomenon, It can make the water in the water storage tank reach a higher temperature and can be used to produce steam; if there is a second water storage tank under the water storage tank, all the water in the water storage tank can be discharged to the second water storage tank at night, and at the same time, Most of the water in the solar collector unit will also flow back into the second water storage tank, so that the solar collector unit will not be frozen no matter how low the temperature is in winter, for example.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of installation of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first-stage heat collector unit of different specifications connected around the side wall of the water storage tank at the same height of the side wall of the water storage tank of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a boiler installed with two-stage heat collector units of the present invention.

detailed description

With reference to accompanying drawing 1,2,3, the utility model comprises solar heat collector unit, water storage tank 1, and water storage tank is cylindrical vertical casing, and water storage tank wall is provided with insulation layer, surrounds at the same height of water storage tank side wall The side wall of the water storage tank is equidistantly provided with 8 thermal cycle connection nozzles 3; a second water storage tank 8 is arranged below the water storage tank, and the volume of the second water storage tank 8 is much larger than that of the water storage tank 1, and the water storage tank and the first water storage tank The upper and lower water pipes are connected between the two water storage tanks, and valves and water pumps are arranged on the upper and lower water pipes. The second water storage tank is installed in the boiler room 9, and the lower part of the water storage tank is supported by a bracket so that the water storage tank protrudes from the top of the boiler room. The thermal cycle connection nozzle is located above the boiler roof, and the solar collector unit is a single-tube circulation collector unit, including a box body 7 and a main heat collection tube 4, and a transparent glass cover plate 5 is provided on the heat collection surface of the box body , the cross section of the main collector tube is circular, the orthographic projection of the solar collector unit is a fan ring, the central angle of the fan ring is 45°, the main collector tube is fixed at the symmetrical center of the box, and the central axis of the main collector tube Parallel to the heat-collecting surface of the solar collector unit, the main heat-collecting pipe only has a butt joint opening at the narrow end of the solar collector unit, and the other end is closed, and an insulation layer is provided in the box of the solar collector unit; Each thermal cycle connection nozzle of the water storage tank is independently connected to a solar collector unit of the same specification. The collector unit serves as the primary collector unit 2. All solar collector units form a horizontal torus that can absorb solar radiation from any angle. Of course, according to the site environment, the thermal cycle connection nozzle of the water storage tank can also be selectively connected to the solar collector unit or the solar collector unit group (connected by multi-stage collector units).

Heat absorbing plates are arranged on both sides of the main heat collecting tube of the solar heat collector unit, or branch heat collecting tubes 6 are connected on both sides of the main heat collecting tube, and each branch heat collecting tube is a blind tube with one end open and the other end closed, The open ends of each heat collecting tube are independently communicated with the main heat collecting tube, and the central axes of all the branch heat collecting tubes are parallel to the horizontal plane; the branch heat collecting tubes can be vacuum heat collecting tubes; the closed ends of the main heat collecting tubes adopt the method The flange connection plug is closed.

With reference to accompanying drawing 4, the first-stage heat collector unit connected around the side wall of the water storage tank at the same height of the side wall of the water storage tank can also be a fan ring heat collector unit with different central angles, but each heat cycle connection nozzle is connected The heat collecting surface of the primary heat collector unit can form a horizontal torus.

Referring to accompanying drawing 5, a secondary heat collector unit 10 can be connected to the outside of each primary heat collector unit, and the secondary heat collector unit is the same shape and structure as the primary heat collector unit Flat-plate single-tube circulating collector unit, the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the secondary collector unit is greater than or equal to the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the primary collector unit, the secondary collector unit The butt joint nozzle of the main heat collecting tube of the primary heat collector unit is connected with the closed end of the main heat collecting tube of the primary heat collector unit. The butt joint of the main heat collecting tube of the secondary heat collector unit is connected with the closed end of the main heat collecting tube of the primary heat collector unit with a flange 11, and a new single-ended main heat collecting tube is formed after the connection; The two sides of the orthographic projection plane of the heat collector unit and the secondary heat collector unit are located on the two sides of the same fan-shaped surface, and the heat collecting surface of the secondary heat collector unit is parallel to the horizontal plane. Similarly, a third-level collector unit can be connected to the outside of each second-level collector unit, and a fourth-level collector unit can be connected to the outside of each third-level collector unit, ..., each n The outside of the level collector unit can be connected to an n+1 level heat collector unit, where n is a positive integer; the n+1 level heat collector unit is a flat plate unit with the same shape and structure as the n level heat collector unit Tube circulation collector unit, the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of n+1-level collector unit is greater than or equal to the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of n-level collector unit, n+1-level collector The butt joint nozzle of the main collector tube of the unit communicates with the closed end of the main collector tube of the n-level collector unit, and the two sides of the orthographic projection surface of the n-level collector unit and the n+1-level collector unit are located at the same On both sides of the fan-shaped surface, and the heat-collecting surfaces of all collector units are parallel to the horizontal plane; in this way, a large-scale heat-collecting field can be formed. The bottom of the solar heat collector unit can be provided with supporting rods to support the solar heat collector unit as required.

A water supply pipe is provided on the second water storage tank, and a pipeline for conveying hot water to the outside is provided on the water storage tank. A submersible pump is arranged in the second water storage tank, and the submersible pump is connected with the water storage tank with a pipeline. The valves arranged on the upper and lower water pipes connected between the water storage tank and the second water storage tank can be manually controlled valves or automatically controlled solenoid valves. When it is necessary to supply water to the water storage tank, the submersible pump is turned on to send the water in the second water storage tank into the water storage tank until the set water volume is reached. For example, in the cold winter, when the evening comes, the electromagnetic valve on the upper and lower water pipes is controlled by the photosensitive sensor to open, or the valve is manually controlled to open, so that the water in the water storage tank flows into the second water storage tank under the action of gravity. The heat collecting pipes of the heater unit are all arranged horizontally, so most of the water in the heat collecting pipes will also flow back into the second water storage tank, so that the heat collecting pipes will not be damaged by freezing.

There is no need to arrange a second water storage tank in areas with high temperature.

The bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a sewage discharge pipe port; since the inner wall of the heat collecting tube cavity does not scale and impurities are not easily retained in the heat collecting tube, all impurities and scum in operation will be brought into the water storage tank by water and sink At the bottom, there is a sewage outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank, which can be discharged at any time or regularly.

The above embodiment has introduced the situation that the thermal cycle connecting nozzles are arranged at equal intervals around the side wall of the water storage tank at the same height on the side wall of the water storage tank, which is an ideal structure. However, for large water storage tanks, multilayer solar collector units can also be layered and connected at different heights; affected by the environment and the site, it is impossible to arrange all solar collector units connected around the side walls of the water storage tank At the same height, it is also possible to set the heights at random.

Claims (10)

1. A high-temperature antifreeze high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler, including a solar collector unit and a water storage tank, is characterized in that: the water storage tank is a vertical box symmetrical to the central axis, and surrounds the side wall of the water storage tank The side walls of the water storage tank are provided with heat circulation connection nozzles at intervals; the solar heat collector unit is a single-tube circulation heat collector unit, including a box body or a bracket, and a main heat collection pipe. The orthographic projection of the solar heat collector unit is a fan Ring or isosceles trapezoid, the main heat collecting tube is fixed at the symmetrical center of the box or support, the central axis of the main heat collecting tube is parallel to the heat collecting surface of the solar collector unit, and the main heat collecting tube is only at the narrow end of the solar collector unit There is a docking nozzle, and the other end is closed; each thermal cycle connection nozzle of the water storage tank can be independently connected to a solar collector unit, and the connected solar collector units are all horizontally connected with the heat collecting surface parallel to the horizontal plane , the solar collector unit directly connected to the water storage tank is used as the primary collector unit. 2. The high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water storage tank is cylindrical, stepped cylindrical, frustum-shaped, prism-shaped, and prism-shaped, and each side is A positive prism or a truncated prism with an arc surface, one of them; a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank. 3. The high-temperature and frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the central axis of the heat circulation connection nozzle surrounding the side wall of the water storage tank is located at the same height and arranged at equal or unequal intervals , the heat collecting surface of the primary heat collector unit connected to each heat cycle connection nozzle can form a horizontal torus. 4. The high-temperature and frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: the central axis of the thermal circulation connection nozzle passes through the center of the cross-section of the water storage tank or the center of the circumscribed circle of the cross-section . 5. The high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the water storage tank is in the shape of a regular prism or a regular prism, a thermal cycle connecting pipe is provided on each side of the water storage tank , and the central axis of the thermal cycle connection nozzle is perpendicular to the longitudinal symmetric centerline of the side where it is located. 6. The high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-section of the main heat collecting tube is circular, elliptical, polygonal, and the four corners are rectangular with arc chamfering One of. 7. The high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: heat absorbing plates are arranged on both sides of the main heat collecting tube of the solar collector unit, or on both sides of the main heat collecting tube Connected with branch heat collector tubes, each branch heat collector tube is a blind pipe with one end open and the other end closed, the open end of each branch heat collector tube is independently communicated with the main heat collector tube, and the central axes of all branch heat collector tubes are parallel to the horizontal plane . 8. The high-temperature and frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the closed end of the main heat collecting tube is closed with a flange-connected plug. 9. The high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that: a secondary heat collector unit can be connected to the outside of each primary heat collector unit, and the secondary heat collector unit The collector unit is a flat-plate single-tube circulating collector unit with the same shape and structure as the primary collector unit, and the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the secondary collector unit is greater than or equal to the primary collector unit The short arc or short side of the orthographic projection plane, the butt nozzle of the main collector tube of the secondary collector unit communicates with the closed end of the main collector tube of the primary collector unit, and the primary collector unit and the secondary The two sides of the orthographic projection surface of the collector unit are located on the two sides of the same fan-shaped surface, and the heat collecting surface of the secondary collector unit is parallel to the horizontal plane; similarly, in each secondary collector unit A third-level collector unit can be connected to the outside, a fourth-level collector unit can be connected to the outside of each third-level collector unit, ..., and an n+1 can be connected to the outside of each n-level collector unit level collector unit, n is a positive integer; the n+1 level heat collector unit is a flat-plate single-tube circulating heat collector unit with the same shape and structure as the n level heat collector unit, and the n+1 level heat collector unit The short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the collector unit is greater than or equal to the short arc or short side of the orthographic projection surface of the n-level collector unit, and the butt nozzle of the main heat collection tube of the n+1-level collector unit is The closed end of the main heat collecting tube of the heat collector unit is connected, and the two sides of the orthographic projection surface of the n-level heat collector unit and the n+1 level heat collector unit are located on the two sides of the same fan-shaped surface, and all heat collectors The heat collecting surfaces of the units are all parallel to the horizontal plane. 10. The high-temperature frost-resistant high-efficiency natural circulation solar boiler according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, characterized in that: a second storage tank is provided under the water storage tank The water tank, the water storage tank and the second water storage tank are connected with upper and lower water pipes, and valves are arranged on the upper and lower water pipes.