CN2068672U - Differential pressure type vortex street mass flowmeter - Google Patents
Differential pressure type vortex street mass flowmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN2068672U CN2068672U CN 90211874 CN90211874U CN2068672U CN 2068672 U CN2068672 U CN 2068672U CN 90211874 CN90211874 CN 90211874 CN 90211874 U CN90211874 U CN 90211874U CN 2068672 U CN2068672 U CN 2068672U
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Abstract
The pressure difference type vortex street mass flowmeter has pressure taking holes in the upstream and downstream of the vortex generating body to obtain pressure difference and vortex frequency to obtain mass flow rate. The product retains all the advantages of the vortex shedding flowmeter, has wide measuring range and stable work, is not influenced by the change of medium temperature, pressure and components, can directly obtain the mass flow, and is particularly suitable for measuring the mass flow of gas and steam with large changes of temperature, pressure and components. The processing is simple and easy to maintain.
Description
The utility model is a differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street, relates to the principle of making mass flowmeter for vortex street, technological process and product--the differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street done of principle and technology in view of the above.So-called vortex shedding flow meter is meant the measuring instrument that utilizes the Karman vortex street principle to come measurement flow rate or flow, it is to utilize at least one to be inserted in fluid flow fields and perpendicular to the vortex generation body 3 of stream axle, when fluid is flowed through vortex generation body 3, downstream part generation vortex alternately in body both sides is taking place, and its frequency f is proportional to mean flow rate U.Can detect this vortex frequency in the inner sensor of installing of body takes place, thereby obtain mean flow rate U.The long-pending UA of mean flow rate U and pipeline circulation section A is the volumetric flow rate of fluid
When measurement gas or quantity of steam, during such as measurement air, natural gas, coal gas, saturated vapour, superheated vapor, the variation meeting of the temperature of measured medium, pressure and composition brings no small influence to measurement.What people more were concerned about in these are measured is mass rate rather than volumetric flow rate.The density of supposing measured medium is ρ, then mass rate Q
mBe:
Q
m＝ρUA （1）
In order to solve mass rate Q
mMeasurement, mainly adopt two kinds of ways up to now.The first as shown in Figure 1, when recording volumetric flow rate by vortex flow sensors A, B records temperature T by temperature transmitter, and records pressure P by pressure unit C, utilizes equation of gaseous state to obtain mass rate Q through microcomputer CP compensation
m:
Q
m＝Qvρ＝Qvρ
O(P)/(P
0) (T
0)/(T) (Z
0)/(Z) （2）
Qv-duty volumetric flow rate in the formula
ρ
O-standard state lower density
P
O-standard state downforce
T
OTemperature under the-standard state
P-duty downforce
Temperature under the T-duty
The compressibility coefficient of Z-medium
Z
O-medium standard state lower compression coefficient
This method more easily realizes at present, is widely adopted.But this method can not compensate the quality error that changes and cause because of gas componant, and during promptly as changing of distribution, how accurately to the quality measurement flow is of no avail to this method.Moreover, even composition does not change, when pressure is higher, by the compensation of (2) formula, because of Z
OBigger with the Z difference, also must consider the influence of gas compressive coefficient, cause the compensation of system to become very complicated and be difficult to carry out.This method can be described as temperature and pressure type method.
Second method is the method that combines with measurement volumes flow and density measurement, as shown in Figure 2, the volumetric flow rate that vortex flow sensors A is recorded and by the density that density transmitter D records send into together microcomputer CP calculate mass rate Qm.This way has overcome the shortcoming of temperature and pressure type method, but the adaptive element variation needn't be considered the gas compressive coefficient influence.Regrettably the density measure of gas more than the measurement complexity of temperature, pressure or volumetric flow rate many, the density instrumentation device that can adopt at present is not only expensive, and the cleanliness of measured medium there is harsh requirement, also can't be applicable to the higher temperature medium at present, this has just limited the usable range of this method greatly, so this way was applied in industrial also being difficult to.This method can be described as density type method.
US4372169 provides a kind of (class) mass flowmeter, the main points of its solution are: Duan Zhongzuo has generation body and the throttling part that produces resistance at stream; Taking place to obtain a pressure between body and the restriction branch, the pressure outer with the stream section produces a differential pressure.This differential pressure of pointing out documents US4372169 has directly reflected the mass rate of the gas that flows through section, the generation body that has an annular channels in many schemes that file is listed invariably, being connected of this generation body and throttling part guarantees to produce high stability vortex, this vortex provide between gas mass flow and the differential pressure a relation of giving knowing promptly:
M＝－AΣP
4＋BΣP
3－CΣP
2＋DΣP＋E （3）
M is a mass rate herein, and the P in the formula infers by the documents context relation seemingly should be △ P, and only when differential pressure gauge one end can be considered vacuum pressure, △ P just was equivalent to P.Documents emphasizes that A, B, C, D, E are relevant with part dimension, and A is than little five magnitudes of D, and B is than little three magnitudes of D, and C is than the little magnitude of D, and high-order term can be ignored, and is a linear function basically.Be that the mass rate performance is the linear function of differential pressure.
Anatomize this documents, can find two problems.One, although this technical scheme has multiple version, all be unable to do without generation body and the bigger throttling part of resistance with annular channels, all flow through when fluid body and restriction timesharing take place, certainly will cause bigger pressure loss, also rather complicated on the technology.They are two years old, although mentioned the generation body that produces vortex, the frequency of mentioning it in its preamble is proportional to mean flow rate, but in the processing thereafter, how tubular construction does not change, all not mentionedly how to handle and utilize this frequency, in its mass flow calculation (formula (3) draws from documents US4372169), also do not relate to this frequency f at all.Can conclude, the mentioned all technical schemes of documents only are conceived to how to utilize the vortex that takes place between body and the restriction branch to produce sufficiently stable differential pressure, come by formula (3) to try to achieve mass rate with this, and do not use the frequency characteristic that body takes place at all, in fact do not belong to vortex shedding flow meter.Therefore, the described flowmeter of documents is not a vortex shedding flow meter, does not possess the feature and the fine quality of vortex shedding flow meter.
The inventor introduced the action principle and the FORMULA FOR MEASURING NICHE of vortex shedding flow meter in detail in CN86101855, point out that vortex shedding flow meter does not have moving component, output frequency is insensitive to medium temperature, pressure and viscosity, be not subject to medium interference, precision height, broad quantum, and have fine qualities such as stable, reliable, a kind of acquisition more vortex shedding flow meter and the manufacture craft thereof of wide temperature range are provided.But the described vortex shedding flow meter of CN86101855 still belongs to volumetric flow rate metering instrument.
The purpose of this utility model is intended to realize the instrumentation of mass rate with having improved vortex shedding flow meter.Purpose is both to keep the fine quality of vortex shedding flow meter, can obtain mass rate again.Global schema of the present utility model is both to have utilized vortex generation body to peel off the frequency signal of (Shedding), utilizes again the body generation differential pressure signal relevant with density and flow velocity takes place.
Technical essential of the present utility model can be described as follows, and Fig. 3 is the differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street synoptic diagram: when fluid is flowed through vortex generation body 3, replace the vortex except that producing, also be proportional to fluid density and mean flow rate square U because of produced by its resistance
2Long-pending U
2The pressure loss, i.e. differential pressure △ P.Can obtain this differential pressure △ P by making pressure port (6,2) in vortex generation body 3 upstream and downstream, COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING vortex rate f and differential pressure △ P can obtain the mass rate Qm of fluid.
1 is table body pipeline among Fig. 3, and D is its circulation diameter; 3 is vortex generation body, is inserted in the flow field, and mean flow rate is U; 4,5 be respectively packing washer and pressing plate; 2 is the downstream pressure port, and 6 is the upstream pressure port; 7 are table body mounting flange, and 8 are the stream pipe, and 9 for the body seat takes place, and 10 is mounting screw.
As flux of vortex street in respect of following relationship:
U＝ (md)/(St) f （4）
In the formula: the flow through mean flow rate of pipeline of U-;
The ratio that m-vortex generation body both sides circulation area is long-pending with the measured stream tube section;
The characteristic width of d-vortex generation body;
St-Si Telaohaer coefficient;
The f-vortex frequency.
Vortex generation body is as the resistance body, and front and back produce a differential pressure △ P, and this differential pressure is recorded by pressure port (2,6), has relation between differential pressure and mean flow rate U and the density p:
△P＝ 1/2 C
DρV
2（5）
In the formula: C
DBe resistance coefficient.For taking all factors into consideration relation (4), (5), it is as follows that formula (5) is done conversion slightly:
PV＝ (2△P)/(C
DU) （6）
Again among the U with the right of (4) substitution (6), that is:
PV＝ (2S
t)/(C
Dmd) (△P)/(f) （7）
Pipeline section A is multiply by on both sides, promptly gets the described mass rate Qm of formula (1)
Qm＝PVA＝ (2S
t)/(C
Dmd) · (△P)/(f) ＝ (πD
2S
t)/(2C
Dmd) (△P)/(f) （8）
In the formula: D is the perfectly straight footpath of channel flow.
If establish Km=(π D
2S
t)/(2C
DMd) (9)
Then can get Qm=Km (△ P)/(f) (10)
Km may be defined as the mass flow coefficient of differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street.
Resistance coefficient C
DBe the function of reynolds number Re, in the instrument effective range scope, C
DWith Re definite relation is arranged, and almost with the Re linear change.The inventor has done a large amount of experiments, obtains the resistance coefficient C of different vortex generation bodies and different pressure ports position
DWhen the characteristic width d of vortex generation body and the ratio d/D=0.25 of the inside diameter D of pipeline～0.30, the resistance coefficient C of vortex generation bodies such as cylinder, hexagon prism, rectangular column, square column, triangular prism, trapezoidal column
DBetween 0.6～2.5, as shown in Figure 4.C as can be seen among the figure
DAlmost be parallel to the Re axle, i.e. C
DIt almost is constant.This shows that Km almost is a constant.Therefore the technical characterictic of differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street of the present invention can further reduce a linear relation (10), be that mass rate Qm is the linear function of differential pressure △ P divided by this merchant of vortex frequency ((△ P)/(f)), be proportional to this merchant, its scale-up factor is mass flow coefficient Km.
Formula (9) has been represented Km and C
DBetween relation, therefore Km be one with vortex generation shape, size, pressure port position and all relevant physical quantity of measured medium reynolds number Re, (being equivalent to the instrument range scope) is a constant or with the reynolds number Re linear change in reynolds number Re scope necessarily.
If C
DGet constant, then Km calculates to such an extent that also be constant by formula (9), and the f in the formula (10) takes from vortex flow sensors, and differential pressure △ P is obtained through differential pressure transmitter by pressure port (2,6), and mass rate Qm can calculate.During accurate Calculation, C
DCan be by testing C in the experiment
DWith the pass of U or f be linear relationship:
C
D＝ai＋biU （11）
Or C
D=α i+ β if (12)
Coefficient ai, bi, α i, the β i useable linear Return Law are determined in the formula.With (11) or (12) substitutions (9), (10) calculated mass flow by formula.Bi, β i are all very little herein, can be considered a penalty coefficient.In the actual manufacture process, be a constant basically if notice Km, △ P and U
2Be directly proportional, and U is directly proportional with f, so Qm is directly proportional with f or U basically in the formula (10), or approximate linear function.In demarcation, can directly determine the Changing Pattern of Km fully, determine by linear regression method:
Km＝a＋bU （13）
Or Km=alpha+beta f (14)
Herein a, b or, be the linear coefficient of determining by linear regression method, b and β very I are considered as compensation rate.(13) or (14) substitution formula (10) can be obtained mass rate Qm.
Total the above, principle described in the utility model and method, and the product differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street that constitutes thus, overcome the shortcoming and defect of mass flowmeter such as temperature and pressure type, density type in the prior art, accurate quality measurement flow has kept the feature and the fine quality of vortex shedding flow meter again.Compared with prior art, technical progress of the present utility model and characteristics are:
1. can be in relative broad range the mass rate of measurement gas, liquid and steam.
2. measurement result is only relevant with density (saturated vapour is also comprised mass dryness fraction) with the volumetric flow rate of measured medium, and the influence that not changed by medium composition.Traditional temperature and pressure type mass flowmeter but can not reflect composition differentiation, changes temperature and pressure type mass flowmeter error traditional in the big medium greatly at compositions such as natural gas, coal gas.
3. measurement result is not subjected to the influence of measured medium compressibility coefficient, and compressibility coefficient becomes nonlinear relationship with temperature, pressure, and this also is one of indeterminable reason of traditional temperature and pressure type mass flowmeter.
4. all feature and advantage that kept vortex shedding flow meter, no movable member, the reliability height, cost simple in structure is low, and installation, maintenance is convenient.
5. compare with traditional temperature and pressure type mass flowmeter, save a temperature transmitter, be convenient to constitute integrated instrument.
6. vortex generation body configuration is flexible and varied, can select difform vortex generation body for use according to different medium and different differential pressure scopes, and adaptability is strong.
The technological process of the principle of differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street described in the utility model, measuring method and definite this instrument coefficient, in the specific implementation, along with can there be different implementation methods different application scenarios.When the scene self has computing machine (an on-the-spot Control System of Microcomputer is for example arranged), this instrument can be with computer processor, differential pressure through the standard analog signal that a differential pressure transmitter G is converted to 4～20mA or 0-10mA, is sent into on-site computer, as shown in Figure 6 by pressure port (2,6).Also can be via a frequency--current converter H is converted to the standard analog signal of 4～20mA or 0-10mA and imports on-site computer again, as shown in Figure 5.Put into mass flow coefficient Km or its linear coefficient a, b or α, β at the scene in the computing machine, by formula (10) compile the simple program on-site computer of packing into, and computing machine is calculated mass rate thus.Also can be attached to little processing in the transmitter or be attached on this flowmeter, coefficient that Km is relevant and formula (10) this microcomputer of packing into, make differential pressure signal △ P and frequency signal f input this built-in microcomputer also by formula (10) calculate mass rate, constitute intellectual differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street.F is a vortex flow sensors among Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and G is a differential pressure transmitter, and CP is on-site computer or interior root of Dahurian angelica formula computing machine, and H is frequency/current converter.
The position that experimental results show that pressure port is very important, should guarantee not influence the stable formation of Karman vortex street, and the differential pressure △ P that obtains of assurance is more stable again.If the internal diameter of upstream pressure port 6 and downstream pressure port 2 is d2, vortex generation body 3 transversal external diameter of a circles are d3, and the axle center of this circumscribed circle is OO ', and upstream pressure port axis is L1 to the distance of OO ', and downstream pressure port axis to the distance of OO ' is L2.The axis of upstream and downstream pressure port should be positioned at the extension plane of vortex generation axon to symmetrical plane in general, and general satisfied:
∠
1≥ (d2+d3)/2 （15）
∠
2≥ (d
2+d
3)/2 （16）
Experimental results demonstrate that the optimum value of L1 is between 1～1.5 D, the optimum value of L2 is between 1～2 D.D is stream pipe diameter, and the internal diameter of pressure port is between 1.5～3mm.
The utility model is equally applicable to have the mass flowmeter for vortex street of two or two above vortex generation bodies.At this moment, last pressure port can be taken at following current before first vortex generation body, after the then desirable vortex generation body in the end of following pressure port, whether had identical size or shape no matter bodies take place for these, and this moment, the scope of optimum position of pressure port still was:
1D≤L1≤1.5D （17）
1D≤L2≤2D （18）
The pressure port position view of dual occurrence body differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street as shown in Figure 7.And vortex frequency detection sensitive element 11 both can be placed in the vortex generation body, also can be placed between the two vortex generation bodies or on the ad-hoc location of downstream.
Fig. 8 expresses vortex generation body upstream and downstream pressure distribution situation.In order to obtain bigger differential pressure signal △ P, except selecting resistance coefficient C
DBig vortex takes place external, also can take measures on the position of pressure port.From Fig. 8 as seen, with reducing of L1, L2, differential pressure △ P can increase thereupon, at vortex the place, surface takes place and reaches maximal value.Inspire thus, pressure port might as well be done be opened on the surface in vortex generation body inside, this moment, L1+L2=d3 can be considered special pressure port.Fig. 9 represents to obtain the concrete scheme of maximum differential pressure △ P.(9a) is the special pressure port scheme of single vortex generation body among the figure, is the special pressure port scheme of vortex pair generation body (9b), and the both has saved the inner member of vortex generation body among the figure.61,62 for two apertures that communicate of upstream face and communicate with upstream pressure port 6 among the figure, and two distance between borehole are (0.4～0.6) D, and the aperture 21 that communicates with downstream pressure port 2 is opened the center in downstream surface.
Method described in the utility model, principle obviously generally are applicable to the improvement of the vortex shedding flow meter with one or more vortex generation bodies; no matter they are to adopt which kind of sensing element to come instrumentation vortex frequency f; as long as obtain differential pressure △ P as the hole at correct position; comprehensive △ P and f obtain mass rate, just belong to the technical scope of the utility model claim protection.Any vortex shedding flow meter is made pressure port by the utility model prompting, all can be used as embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a temperature and pressure type mass flowmeter synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a density type quality meter synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the resistance coefficient synoptic diagram of different cylindricality vortex generation bodies, the identical d/D=0.25 in pressure port position～0.30;
Fig. 5 is the embodiment synoptic diagram of differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street.
H is frequency/current converter among the figure.
Fig. 6 is the differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street synoptic diagram of frequency direct sending computing machine, without H-frequency/current converter.
Fig. 7 is the differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street synoptic diagram of vortex pair generation body structure.
Fig. 8 is vortex generation body upstream and downstream pressure distribution synoptic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of the special pressure port position of single, double vortex generation body.
Claims (5)
1, differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street, be used to measure the mass rate of fluid, be particularly useful for measuring temperature, pressure, composition change greatly gas or the mass rate of steam, have at least one and be inserted in the flow field and perpendicular to the vortex generation body 3 of stream axle, when flowing through vortex generation body 3, fluid produces stable alternately vortex in the downstream, but instrumentation is to the vortex frequency f that is proportional to mean flow rate U, it is characterized in that: on vortex generation body 3, at least one pair of pressure port (6 is made to have in the downstream, 2), can obtain differential pressure △ p by differential pressure transmitter, differential pressure △ p is obtained a merchant (Δ p)/5 who is proportional to mass rate Qm divided by vortex frequency f.
2, by the described differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the axis of pressure port (6,2) is positioned at axial symmetrical plane or its extension plane of vortex generation body 3.
3, by the described differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the distance of the axle center of upstream pressure port 6 to the external garden of vortex generation body 3 xsects central shaft is less than or equal to 1.5 D more than or equal to 1 D; The axle center of downstream pressure port 2 to the distance of the external garden central shaft of vortex generation body 3 xsects more than or equal to 1 D, be less than or equal to 2 D.
4, by the described poor type mass flowmeter for vortex street of claim 2, it is characterized in that: pressure port is done in vortex generation body, and the pressure port that is opened on upstream face is communicated to upstream pressure port 6, and the pressure port that is opened on downstream surface is communicated to downstream pressure port 2.
5, by claim 1,2,3,4 described differential pressure type mass flowmeter for vortex street, it is characterized in that: differential pressure signal △ P and frequency signal f are input to independently microprocessor or input to the microcomputer that is built in flowmeter and carry out computing, obtain mass rate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90211874 CN2068672U (en) | 1990-02-27 | 1990-02-27 | Differential pressure type vortex street mass flowmeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90211874 CN2068672U (en) | 1990-02-27 | 1990-02-27 | Differential pressure type vortex street mass flowmeter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2068672U true CN2068672U (en) | 1991-01-02 |
Family
ID=4891604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90211874 Withdrawn CN2068672U (en) | 1990-02-27 | 1990-02-27 | Differential pressure type vortex street mass flowmeter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2068672U (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102095461A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-06-15 | 姚贤卿 | Compound type dryness mass flow instrument and dryness calibration and measurement method |
| CN103782097A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-05-07 | 阿自倍尔株式会社 | Gas-liquid two-phase fluid state control device and gas-liquid two-phase fluid state control method |
| CN107850472A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2018-03-27 | 流体处理有限责任公司 | Contoured insert for flow verification |
| CN108896120A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Vortex street throttling integrated gas-liquid two-phase flowmeter and application method thereof |
| CN111854869A (en) * | 2020-08-22 | 2020-10-30 | 承德菲时博特自动化设备有限公司 | Precession vortex differential pressure type mass flowmeter |
| CN113390474A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-14 | 施耐德电子系统美国股份有限公司 | Vortex flowmeter providing extended flow rate measurement |
-
1990
- 1990-02-27 CN CN 90211874 patent/CN2068672U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102095461A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-06-15 | 姚贤卿 | Compound type dryness mass flow instrument and dryness calibration and measurement method |
| CN103782097A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-05-07 | 阿自倍尔株式会社 | Gas-liquid two-phase fluid state control device and gas-liquid two-phase fluid state control method |
| CN103782097B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2016-03-30 | 阿自倍尔株式会社 | Gas-liquid two-phase fluid behavior control device and gas-liquid two-phase fluid condition control method |
| US9367068B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2016-06-14 | Azbil Corporation | Gas/liquid two-phase flow state controlling device and gas/liquid two-phase flow state controlling method |
| CN107850472A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2018-03-27 | 流体处理有限责任公司 | Contoured insert for flow verification |
| CN108896120A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Vortex street throttling integrated gas-liquid two-phase flowmeter and application method thereof |
| CN113390474A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-14 | 施耐德电子系统美国股份有限公司 | Vortex flowmeter providing extended flow rate measurement |
| CN111854869A (en) * | 2020-08-22 | 2020-10-30 | 承德菲时博特自动化设备有限公司 | Precession vortex differential pressure type mass flowmeter |
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