CN206834314U - A Ka-band coaxial waveguide inner space power distribution/combiner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Ka-band coaxial waveguide inner space power distribution/synthesizer, which comprises a rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode converter, an input coaxial waveguide and an array which is arranged in the input coaxial waveguide and consists of sixteen or more gradually-changed slot line antennas, wherein the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode converter consists of an input rectangular waveguide, a four-path power distribution network based on an H-T branch power distributor, a mode conversion section, a circular waveguide-coaxial waveguide transition section and an output coaxial waveguide which are connected in sequence, the output coaxial waveguide of the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode converter is connected with the input coaxial waveguide, the input coaxial waveguide is used for inputting coaxial waveguide signals, the array which consists of the gradually-changed slot line antennas in the input coaxial waveguide is connected with a micro-strip for coupling coaxial waveguide inner signals, and finally output through a microstrip. The utility model has the characteristics of the operating band of broad, low insertion loss, compact size, the structure realizes easily.

Description

A Ka-band coaxial waveguide inner space power distribution/combiner

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of microwave frequency band spatial power synthesis, in particular to a space power distribution/combiner in a Ka-band coaxial waveguide.

Background technique

In a microwave communication system, the power of the transmitter determines the range and anti-interference ability of the entire system, and the high-power amplifier is an essential part of the transmitter. Due to the reduction in the size and power capacity of a single semiconductor solid-state device in the microwave frequency band, its output power has been difficult to meet the needs of wireless communication electronic systems, so people use the method of power combining network to obtain high-power signal output.

The key to the power combining technology is to realize a power distribution/combining network with multiple channels, low loss, wide frequency band, high isolation and high balance. The radial power splitter/combiner has always been a research hotspot because it can realize multi-channel power equal-amplitude and in-phase distribution at one time. In addition, under the same number of synthesizing channels, the radial synthesizing amplifier has less loss and higher efficiency than the binary structure. The spatial power combiner in the coaxial waveguide has a radial distribution of combining channels, which can directly realize power combination in the coaxial waveguide. Compared with the general radial power combiner, it is more compact and more efficient.

In 2008, Dirk I.L.de Villiers and others published an article titled "Design of Conical Transmission Line Power Combiners Using Tapered Line Matching Sections" on TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY ANDTECHNIQUES. The structure uses coaxial SMA connectors for signal input and output , its radial waveguide is in the shape of a cone, which can effectively greatly increase the working bandwidth. This structure can achieve 47% relative bandwidth in the X-band, but the matching and isolation of the output port are poor, and the structure has complex processing, so it is difficult to apply this structure to the millimeter wave band.

In 2009, Song Kaijun and others published an article entitled "Planar Probe Coaxial-Waveguide Power Combiner/Divider" on TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, which uses a coaxial SMA connector to input signals, and the signals are transmitted through an extended coaxial waveguide The quasi-TEM mode is finally output through waveguide-microstrip line conversion. The advantage of this structure is that the design is simple and the overall compactness; the disadvantage is that the structure is a resonant structure, the output port does not add isolation resistors, the isolation and matching of the ports are relatively poor, and in addition, as the frequency band becomes higher, the loss of the microstrip structure will increase. bigger.

In 2002, Pengcheng Jia et al. published an article entitled "Multioctave Spatial Power Combining in Oversized Coaxial Waveguide" on TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES. Distribution/synthesis of road space power. The spatial power combining structure has wide bandwidth and compact structure, which is one of the key points in the research of power combining technology.

At present, due to the rapid development of millimeter-wave satellite communications, power combining amplifiers operating in the Ka band have been extensively studied, and a compact spatial power distribution/combiner has great research value.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a Ka-band coaxial waveguide internal space power distribution/combiner, which has the characteristics of wide operating frequency band, low insertion loss, compact size and easy structure.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the utility model is: a Ka-band coaxial waveguide internal space power distribution/combiner, including a rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter for feeding, input coaxial waveguide Axial waveguide and an array composed of sixteen or more tapered slot line antennas placed in the input coaxial waveguide, the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter is composed of sequentially connected input rectangular waveguides, based on the H-T branch The power divider is composed of a one-to-four-way power distribution network, a mode conversion section, a circular waveguide-coaxial waveguide transition section, and an output coaxial waveguide, wherein the output of the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter is coaxial The waveguide is connected to the input coaxial waveguide, the input coaxial waveguide is used for the input of the coaxial waveguide signal, the array composed of the tapered slot line antenna in the input coaxial waveguide is connected to the microstrip, and is used for coupling the signal in the coaxial waveguide, Finally through the microstrip output.

The one-point four-way power distribution network includes two-stage H-T branch power dividers, wherein the two output ends of the first-stage H-T branch power divider are connected to the second-stage H-T branch power divider through two 90° corners of E planes .

The tapered slot line antenna is a planar broadband antenna made of a double-sided copper-clad dielectric board.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The utility model proposes a space power distribution/combiner in the coaxial waveguide working in the Ka band. Compared with the power distribution/combiner of the traditional binary structure, traveling wave structure and radial structure, the utility model has a structure Features that are more compact and more efficient to synthesize.

2. The utility model uses an all-metal waveguide for power feeding, avoiding the use of SMA connectors for power feeding, thereby avoiding the difficulties of small structure size, difficult impedance transformation design, and high processing precision due to high frequency. At the same time, the full waveguide structure can reduce loss and improve heat dissipation characteristics.

3. The rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode converter adopted by the utility model, in which the two output ends of the first-stage H-T branch power distribution are connected to the second-stage H-T branch power divider through two 90° corners of the E planes , which reduces the overall size when directly adopting a 90° corner of an H surface, making the overall more compact.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spatial power distribution/combiner in the Ka-band coaxial waveguide of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a one-to-four-way power distribution network based on the H-T branch power divider.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the mode conversion section, the circular waveguide-coaxial waveguide transition section and the output coaxial waveguide in the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode-mode converter.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an input coaxial waveguide with a built-in array.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the tapered slotline antenna.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the reverse side of the tapered slot line antenna.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the utility model is further described.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the Ka-band coaxial waveguide internal space power distribution/combiner provided by this embodiment includes a rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM-mode mode converter 1 for feeding, an input coaxial A waveguide 21 and an array of sixteen or more tapered slot line antennas 22 placed in the input coaxial waveguide 21, the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode-mode converter 1 is composed of successively connected input rectangular waveguides 11 , a one-to-four-way power distribution network 12 based on H-T branch power dividers, a mode conversion section 13, a circular waveguide-coaxial waveguide transition section 14, and an output coaxial waveguide 15, wherein the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM The output coaxial waveguide of the mode-mode converter 1 is connected to the input coaxial waveguide 21, and the input coaxial waveguide 21 is used for the input of the coaxial waveguide signal, and the array formed by the tapered slot line antenna 22 in the input coaxial waveguide 21 Connect the microstrip to couple the signal in the coaxial waveguide, and finally output it through the microstrip.

The tapered slot line antenna 22 is a planar broadband antenna made of a double-sided copper-clad dielectric board, and its most basic type is a traditional Vivaldi antenna.

Referring to Fig. 2, the one-point four-way power distribution network 12 includes two-stage H-T branch power distributors, and the two-way output ends of the first-stage H-T branch power distributor 121 pass through two E-plane 90° corners 122 and the second The two-level H-T branch power divider is connected, the first-level H-T branch power divider 121 is used for basic power distribution, and the 90° corner 122 of the E plane is used to connect the first-level H-T branch power divider and the second-level H-T branch power distribution device to reduce the overall size.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the shaded part in the figure is the metal surface of the tapered slot line antenna 22 , and the fan-shaped end 221 is used to improve the feeding coupling and increase the bandwidth.

Referring to Fig. 6, the shaded part in the figure is the feeding metal surface of the microstrip, and the quarter-wavelength impedance converter 222 is used for impedance matching, which can be replaced by an impedance converter such as a tapered microstrip line, and the microstrip output port 223 is used for impedance matching. on the output of the signal.

In this embodiment, when the above-mentioned Ka-band coaxial waveguide internal space power splitter/combiner is used as a power splitter, the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter 1 converts the rectangular waveguide TE ₁₀ mode through the input signal of the rectangular waveguide 11. The signal is converted into a coaxial waveguide TEM mode signal. Using the rotational symmetry characteristics of the TEM mode signal, sixteen or more tapered slot line antennas 22 are evenly placed around the axis in the input coaxial waveguide 21. The sixteen or more tapered slot antennas 22 are The wire antenna 22 forms an array, and the TEM mode signal energy is coupled to the array and then converted to a microstrip output to connect with an active amplifier to realize sixteen-way power distribution. When the spatial power divider/combiner in the Ka-band coaxial waveguide is used as a power combiner, it is the above reverse process.

The above-described embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, not to limit the scope of implementation of the utility model, so all changes made according to the shape and principle of the utility model should be covered by the protection of the utility model within range.

Claims (3)

1. a spatial power distribution/synthesizer in the coaxial waveguide of Ka wave band, it is characterized in that: comprise the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter that is used for feeding, input coaxial waveguide and place this input coaxial An array composed of sixteen or more tapered slot line antennas in the waveguide, the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter is composed of sequentially connected input rectangular waveguides, one-to-four-way power based on the H-T branch power divider Distribution network, mode conversion section, circular waveguide-coaxial waveguide transition section, output coaxial waveguide, wherein, the output coaxial waveguide of the rectangular waveguide-coaxial waveguide TEM mode mode converter is connected to the input coaxial waveguide, the The input coaxial waveguide is used for the input of the coaxial waveguide signal, and the array composed of tapered slot line antennas in the input coaxial waveguide is connected to the microstrip for coupling the signal in the coaxial waveguide, and finally output through the microstrip. 2. The spatial power distribution/combiner in a Ka-band coaxial waveguide according to claim 1, wherein said one-to-four power distribution network includes two-stage H-T branch power dividers, wherein the first stage The two output ends of the H-T branch power divider are connected to the second-stage H-T branch power divider through two 90° corners of the E plane. 3. A Ka-band coaxial waveguide internal space power divider/combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tapered slot line antenna is a planar broadband antenna made of a double-sided copper-clad dielectric board.