CN206819618U - An experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids with a manual pressure source - Google Patents

Abstract

The experimental provision that Manual pressure source can determine multiple fluid pressure bulk temperature relation is made up of Manual pressure generator and measurement apparatus, mercury makees hydraulic fluid and sealing liquid, measurement apparatus body interior upper and lower ends are respectively in cone, it is middle cylindrical, measurement apparatus is by glass flange capillary, constant temperature circulating water leg, sealing liquid container lid, sealing liquid container, seal, constant temperature circulating water leg fixed structure, vacuum valve, charge valve, the annex such as pressure gauge and bolt forms, measurement apparatus, which can easily be filled with high purity fluid, includes carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, freon 13, freon 23, use pressure tight metal pipe, ferrule fitting connects Manual pressure generator and measurement apparatus.The advantages of present utility model application is the hidden danger for thoroughly being solved without using pressure gauge tester the equipment scrapping brought using gas leakage, oil leak and operational error caused by hydraulic oil, can determine the property of multiple fluid, easy to use.

Description

An experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids with a manual pressure source

technical field

The invention relates to an experimental device for measuring and observing fluid properties, in particular to an experimental device for measuring the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature of various fluids and observing critical phenomena, belonging to experimental teaching instruments.

Background technique

The property relationship between the pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T) of the fluid is the basic property of the fluid and the basic data for calculating the thermodynamic properties of the fluid. With these property data, the fluid can be calculated according to the thermodynamic relationship. Other thermodynamic properties, these properties play an important role in chemistry, chemical industry, refrigeration, heat energy utilization, etc.; the physical data of fluids, such as the critical temperature, critical pressure, critical volume and other properties of fluids, determine the liquefaction, vaporization, pressure vessel design, etc. The basic data of properties, for this purpose, it is necessary to measure the relationship between the pressure, volume and temperature of the fluid, and to observe and understand the critical properties of the fluid. Since these physical property data of the fluid are the most basic properties of the fluid, the temperature, pressure and volume of the fluid Determination and determination of critical data are taken seriously.

The determination of the relationship between the pressure, volume and temperature of the fluid and the observation of critical phenomena is an experimental project set up by many universities. Chinese patent CN202599882U discloses the composition of the experimental platform for measuring the critical point of carbon dioxide and the p-v-T relationship. The measurement experimental platform mainly includes an experimental platform Body, constant temperature circulating bath, constant temperature circulating water jacket, piston pressure source, carbon dioxide, etc., but the pressure gauge calibrator is used as the pressure source in the equipment, and castor oil is used as the working fluid. When the temperature is low, due to the castor oil If the viscosity is too high, when the piston is used to pump oil, air will often leak into the oil cylinder from the piston seal, that is, the working fluid cylinder, resulting in the castor oil being unable to be pumped into the oil cylinder, unable to pressurize, and the experiment cannot be carried out. , replace castor oil with transformer oil, the viscosity of transformer oil is small, basically there will be no leakage into the air, but when a high pressure is applied, the transformer oil is easy to leak from the piston seal, so castor oil or transformer oil are used There are defects; in addition, the more serious problem of using the pressure gauge calibrator as a pressure source is: the pressure gauge calibrator has multiple valves, and when the experiment is carried out, the error of valve opening or closing often occurs, Due to the high pressure of the carbon dioxide in the test bench body, the pressure of the oil cup in the pressure gauge calibrator is normal pressure, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside is large, which causes the carbon dioxide in the test body to rush out of the body, causing the equipment to be scrapped, because it is injected into the body of the experimental device It takes skill to fill the fluid. You have to ask the equipment manufacturer to fill the fluid again. The travel expenses and labor costs are very high, and it is also very troublesome. The manufacturer is often unwilling to fill the fluid. When the internal and external pressure difference is small, the pressure gauge will be damaged. This kind of problem often occurs due to improper operation, so the manufacturer is unwilling to produce this kind of equipment, because it is difficult to distinguish the responsibility, and the later maintenance cost is very high; because the volume of the oil cylinder of the pressure gauge calibrator is much smaller than the volume of the oil cylinder in the test bench body, It is necessary to use the piston of the pressure gauge calibrator to pump the oil from the oil cup into the oil cylinder of the main body many times, and the experiment efficiency is low; another disadvantage is that the amount of mercury used as the sealing liquid is large, and often one kilogram of mercury is needed for an experimental device. The hidden dangers are self-evident.

Contents of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the inventor solves the problem through the following technical solutions:

The experimental device that can measure the relationship between the pressure, volume and temperature of various fluids with a manual pressure source is composed of a manual pressure generator and a measuring device. The manual pressure generator consists of a hand wheel (1), a piston screw (2), a nut (3), and a piston cylinder ( 4), the piston assembly (5), the working fluid cylinder (6), and the first joint (7), in which the nut (3) cooperates with the piston screw (2), and the handwheel (1) is rotated by the handwheel (1). The rotary motion of the piston is transformed into the linear motion of the piston screw (2), which pushes the piston assembly (5) to move in the piston barrel (4), thereby changing the volume of the working fluid cylinder (6) to produce pressure changes, and the piston screw (2) The end is embedded in the piston assembly (5) to form a clearance fit. The first joint (7) is used to connect the measuring device. Mercury is the working fluid of the manual pressure generator, and mercury is also the sealing fluid.

Piston assembly (5) includes guide nut (8), piston assembly main body (9), piston one (10), piston two (11), piston three (14), piston seal (13), compression nut (12) .

The measuring device consists of a constant temperature circulating water jacket (20), a glass flange capillary tube (21), a constant temperature circulating water jacket seal (22), a glass flange capillary tube flange gland (23), and a sealed liquid container cover (24) , sealed liquid container (25), glass flange compression gasket (26), glass flange capillary flange gland fixing bolt (27), seal one (28), seal two (29), second joint (30), constant temperature circulating water jacket fixing structure, vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge, connection structure and bolts for connecting the vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge and the lid of the sealed liquid container (24).

There is a horizontal through hole (241) on the side of the lid (24) of the sealed liquid container, through which the vacuum valve, the inflation valve and the pressure gauge are connected to the measuring device.

The main body of the measuring device is composed of a sealed liquid container cover (24) and a sealed liquid container (25). (29), the sealed liquid container cover (24) is connected with the sealed liquid container (25), and the sealing part one (28) and the glass flange capillary (21) are placed on the sealed liquid container cover (24). Place the glass flange compression gasket (26) on the flange of the blue capillary (21), and fit the glass flange capillary flange gland (23) with the glass flange capillary (21) and seal one (28), The glass flange capillary capillary flange gland fixing bolt (27) cooperates with the through hole (232) to fix the glass flange capillary capillary flange gland (23) on the lid (24) of the sealed liquid container. In the glass flange capillary method Place the constant temperature circulating water jacket seal (22) on the blue gland (23), place the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) on the corresponding position on the constant temperature circulating water jacket seal (22), and use the constant temperature circulating water jacket The fixed structure fixes the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) axially perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

Connect the manual pressure generator and the measuring device through the first joint (7) and the second joint (30) using pressure-resistant metal pipes and ferrule joints.

In order to reduce the amount of mercury used, the inner diameter of the pressure-resistant metal tube is 1-5 mm, and the wall thickness of the pressure-resistant metal tube is 1-3 mm.

The fixed structure of the constant temperature circulating water jacket is to fix the bolts (31) on the bolt holes (231), through the cooperation of the four semicircular grooves (40) on the clamping parts of the constant temperature circulating water jacket, use the bolts and the constant temperature circulation The cooperation of the eight horizontal through holes (41) on the clamping part of the water jacket vertically fixes the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) on the glass flange capillary flange gland (23).

The ratio of the height of the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket to the height of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) is 1:8 to 1:20. The clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket is installed on the lower part of the bolt (31), and the bolt ( 31) The height is between 6 and 10 centimeters.

The sealing liquid of the measuring device is mercury, and the fluids filled in the measuring device include but are not limited to carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, Freon 13, and Freon 23, and the fluid purity requires a molar percentage of 99.99%.

The manual pressure generator is installed along the axial direction of the working liquid cylinder (6), and the measuring device is installed along the axial direction of the glass flange capillary (21) and perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The first joint (7) of the manual pressure generator and the second joint (7) of the measuring device ( 30) are located at the lower part, and the working liquid is lower than the horizontal through hole (241) when the volume of the working liquid cylinder (6) is the largest.

The working fluid cylinder (6) in the manual pressure generator can discharge a volume of working fluid that is at least 10 milliliters larger than the sum of the volume of the connecting pipeline between the manual pressure generator and the measuring device and the volume of the closed space in the measuring device.

The horizontal through hole (241), whose position corresponds to the inner slope area of the sealed liquid container cover (24), is calculated from the bottom of the sealed liquid container cover (24), and its horizontal center position is 1/3 of the height of the sealed liquid container cover (24) Two to four fifths.

The connection level of the inflation valve, the vacuum valve and the pressure gauge is higher than the horizontal center line of the horizontal through hole (241).

The ratio of the outer diameter of the glass flange capillary (21) to the outer diameter of the glass capillary is 5:1-8:1.

The tapered centerline of the sealed liquid container cover (24), the tapered centerline of the sealed liquid container (25) and the axial centerline of the glass flange capillary (21) are on the same vertical line.

The upper end of the second joint (30) is connected with the lowest conical point of the sealed liquid container (25).

The glass flange capillary flange gland fixing bolts (27) are preferably hexagon socket head cap bolts.

The water outlet of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) is at least 2 cm higher than the top of the glass flange capillary.

The surface roughness of the working fluid cylinder (6) is not greater than 0.10 μm.

The advantage of the application of the present invention is that the manual pressure generator is used instead of the pressure gauge calibrator, and mercury is used as the working fluid to completely solve the problems of air leakage caused by the high viscosity of castor oil at low temperature, and the problems that the oil leakage test cannot be carried out easily due to the low viscosity of transformer oil. Fundamentally solve the hidden danger of the experimental equipment being scrapped due to the excessive pressure difference between the experimental body and the pressure gauge calibrator due to misoperation, resulting in fluid rushing out of the experimental body, no need to repeatedly pump oil, high experimental efficiency, and reduced use of mercury Quantity, easy to use.

Description of drawings

A structural sectional view disclosed by the present invention

Fig. 1. A structural sectional view of a manual pressure generator, 1. hand wheel, 2. piston screw, 3. nut, 4. piston barrel, 5. piston assembly, 6. working fluid cylinder, 7. first joint.

Fig. 2. A cross-sectional view of a piston assembly of a manual pressure generator, 8 guide nuts, 9 piston assembly main body, 10 piston one, 11 piston two, 14 piston three, 13 piston seals, and 12 compression nuts.

Fig. 3, a kind of section view of measuring device, 20 constant temperature circulating water jacket, 21 glass flange capillary tube, 22 constant temperature circulating water jacket seal, 23 glass flange capillary tube flange gland, 24 sealed liquid container lid, 25 Sealed liquid container, 26 glass flange compression gasket, 27 glass flange capillary flange gland fixing bolt, 28 sealing piece 1, 29 sealing piece 2, 30 second joint, 201 thermometer jack, 202 constant temperature circulating water outlet , 203 constant temperature circulating water import.

Fig. 4 The fixed structure of the constant temperature circulating water jacket, the upper left figure is the top view of the glass flange capillary flange gland 23, 231 bolt holes, 232 through holes, and the lower left figure is the glass flange capillary flange gland 23 and bolts 31 Cooperating sectional view, the upper right figure is a top view of the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket, 40 semicircular grooves, and the lower right is a front view of the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket, 41 horizontal through holes.

Fig. 5, the sectional view of the lid 24 of the sealed liquid container, 241 horizontal through holes.

detailed description

In order to further understand and illustrate the application of the invention, the relevant content in the manual pressure generator and the measuring device in the application of the invention will be further explained, and the implementation method of the invention will be described.

Because the bracket for fixing the manual pressure generator and the measuring device, the fixed structure of the manual pressure generator and the measuring device belong to the known, as the manual pressure generator and the measuring device use hexagonal steel to make, or use round steel bar or steel pipe to make the manual pressure generator The outside of the measuring device is processed into a hexagonal shape, or the surface of the manual pressure generator and the measuring device is welded for fixing and installing parts, so the structure and components of the fixing device are not shown in the figure.

Vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge and the connecting structure connecting vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge and the lid (24) of the sealed liquid container can have various forms, such as connecting vacuum valve, inflation valve, The pressure gauge is connected with the lid (24) of the airtight liquid container, and metal rods or plates can also be used, and corresponding connection holes are processed on the metal rods or plates to be connected.

Assemble from bottom to top according to Figure 3, first use stainless steel pipes and ferrule joints, connect the manual pressure generator and measuring device through the first joint (7) and the second joint (30), the stainless steel pipe used The inner diameter is 2mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, rotate the hand wheel (1) to make the volume of the working liquid cylinder (6) the largest, fix the sealed liquid container (25) on the bracket, and add the sealed liquid mercury from the upper part of the sealed liquid container (25) About 480 grams, adjust the level of the manual pressure generator, remove the air in the working fluid cylinder (6), fill the working fluid cylinder (6) with mercury, put the sealing part 2 (29) on the sealed liquid container (25), the sealing part 2 (29) Select a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket, connect the sealed liquid container cover (24) to the sealed liquid container (25), and place a seal one (28) above the sealed liquid container cover (24), a seal one (28 ) choose to use the sealing gasket, place the glass flange capillary (21) in the flange groove of the glass flange capillary, match the glass flange capillary (21) with the glass flange compression gasket (26), use the glass method The blue capillary flange gland fixing bolt (27) cooperates with the through hole (232), fix the glass flange capillary flange gland (23) on the sealed liquid container cover (24), and the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20 ) placed on the constant temperature circulating water jacket seal (22), the material of the constant temperature circulating water jacket seal (22) is rubber, which can closely cooperate with the lower end structure of the constant temperature circulating water jacket and the glass flange capillary (21).

The constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) is fixed by the constant temperature circulating water jacket clamping device. Two bolts (31) cooperate with the bolt holes (231) on the capillary flange gland (23) of the glass flange. The semicircular groove (40), bolt (31) and horizontal through hole (41) on the clamping part of the circulating water jacket vertically fix the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) on the glass flange capillary flange gland (23 ), the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket is installed at the lower part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20), 10mm higher than the constant temperature circulating water inlet (203).

The vacuum valve, the inflation valve and the pressure gauge are connected to the lid (24) of the sealed liquid container through the horizontal through hole (241) and the connecting structure.

Insert a thermometer into the thermometer socket (201) of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20), connect the constant temperature circulating water to the constant temperature circulating water outlet (202) and the constant temperature circulating water inlet (203) respectively, and adjust the temperature of the constant temperature circulating water bath to the set value.

Close the vacuum valve and inflation valve, first use the air in the closed space in the measuring device to test the tightness of the measuring device, turn the handwheel (1) of the manual pressure generator to transport the mercury into the sealed liquid container, and slowly compress the air to make the pressure reach 6MPa , keep it for 1 to 2 minutes, the pressure should remain unchanged, after passing the pressure test, turn the handwheel (1) of the manual pressure generator to make the volume of the working liquid cylinder (6) the largest, connect the vacuum pump to the buffer bottle, and then connect the buffer bottle Go to the vacuum valve of the measuring device, open the vacuum valve, start the vacuum pump, evacuate for at least 30 minutes, close the vacuum valve, connect the sulfur hexafluoride cylinder to the charging valve of the measuring device, open the charging valve, and fill in sulfur hexafluoride When the fluid reaches 0.1 MPa, close the inflation valve, open the vacuum valve again, and then vacuumize for 10 minutes, close the vacuum valve, and then turn the hand wheel (1) to press the mercury into the liquid sealed container until the height reaches the lowest point in the capillary of the glass flange. Based on what is visible to the naked eye, start filling sulfur hexafluoride steam until the reading on the pressure gauge reaches 0.4MPa, close the inflation valve, and fix the manual pressure generator vertically on the bracket. In the horizontal through hole (241), turn on the switch of the constant temperature circulation pump, first measure at room temperature, turn the hand wheel (1) to gradually pressurize, and sulfur hexafluoride presents superheated steam, saturated steam, vapor-liquid equilibrium, saturated liquid, and Compress liquid and other states, and record the data of temperature, pressure and fluid height.

The fluid volume is calculated from the value of the fluid height and the inner diameter of the capillary, and the fluid volume is calculated according to the fluid volume equal to the product of the cross-sectional area of the glass flange capillary (21) and the fluid height. The inner diameter of the glass flange capillary (21) is obtained by the gravimetric method. The height of the glass flange capillary (21), the weight of mercury in the glass flange capillary (21), and the density of mercury at a constant temperature are calculated. The inner diameter of the glass flange capillary (21) is 0.312 cm, and the glass flange capillary (21) can be calculated. The cross-sectional area of the capillary is 0.0764 square centimeters. According to the scale value in the vertical direction on the side of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) recorded in the experiment, the fluid height is calculated. From the value of the fluid height and the inner diameter of the capillary, the volume of the fluid is equal to the cross-sectional area of the capillary and the fluid volume. Calculate the fluid volume by multiplying the height, record the experimental temperature from the thermometer inserted in the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20), record the experimental pressure from the pressure gauge reading, and draw the PV diagram under isothermal conditions.

When the temperature is raised to 45.5°C, a critical phenomenon of fuzzy vapor-liquid boundary can be observed.

When the temperature is higher than the critical temperature of sulfur hexafluoride 45.5°C, sulfur hexafluoride is in the state of gas or supercritical fluid, the data of temperature, pressure and fluid height can be recorded, and the fluid volume can be calculated, and the PV diagram under isothermal conditions can be drawn .

When it is necessary to use the specific volume or molar volume data to draw the PV diagram, the pressure, temperature, and fluid volume data measured by the experiment can be used to calculate the amount of the fluid substance according to the literature data, and then the specific volume or molar volume can be obtained.

After the experiment is completed, the pressure in the measuring device can be reduced to a pressure gauge slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure, waiting for the next experiment.

In order to save time for classroom experiments, the process of vacuuming the measuring device and filling it with sulfur hexafluoride vapor can be completed in advance by experimental technicians or teachers.

Taking the carbon dioxide pressure volume temperature measurement experiment as an example, the implementation method of the present invention is further described. First use the air in the confined space of the measuring device to check the tightness of the device, ensure that the vacuum valve and the inflation valve are closed, slowly rotate the handwheel (1), compress the air to make the pressure reach 10MPa, keep it for 1 to 2 minutes, and the pressure should remain unchanged , after passing the seal inspection of the device, turn the hand wheel (1) to make the volume of the working liquid cylinder (6) the largest, connect the vacuum pump to the buffer bottle, then connect the buffer bottle to the vacuum valve of the measuring device, open the vacuum valve, and start Vacuum pump for at least 20 minutes, close the vacuum valve; connect the carbon dioxide cylinder to the inflation valve of the measuring device, open the inflation valve, fill the carbon dioxide vapor to slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, close the inflation valve, open the vacuum valve, and then vacuumize for 10 minutes, close the vacuum valve, then turn the handwheel (1) to raise the mercury to the lower end of the capillary of the glass flange capillary (21), whichever is visible to the naked eye, then open the inflation valve, fill in carbon dioxide vapor to 0.4MPa, and close Inflate the valve, turn on the constant temperature circulating water switch, first measure at room temperature, turn the hand wheel (1) to gradually pressurize, the carbon dioxide presents superheated steam, saturated steam, vapor-liquid equilibrium, saturated liquid, compressed liquid and other states in turn, record the measured temperature , pressure, and fluid height data, the fluid height is displayed by the scale on the side of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) in the vertical direction, and the PV diagram under isothermal is drawn.

There are more than one way to observe critical phenomena. For example, at room temperature, let carbon dioxide be in a vapor-liquid equilibrium state or a saturated liquid state, and set the temperature of the constant temperature circulating water bath at 35°C. During the heating process, you can observe the disappearance of the carbon dioxide vapor-liquid interface The phenomenon.

When the temperature is raised to 40°C, the carbon dioxide presents a gas or supercritical fluid state, records pressure, temperature, fluid height and other data, calculates the fluid volume, and draws the PV diagram under isothermal conditions.

The flow rate of the vacuum pump used in the experiment was 1 liter per minute, and the absolute pressure reached -0.09MPa.

Using the experimental device body announced by CN202599882U, the pressure gauge calibrator is still used as the pressure generator. Except that there is no need for vacuuming and fluid filling, the rest of the operating steps are basically the same, but the original experimental device is because of the oil cylinder of the pressure gauge calibrator. The capacity is much smaller than that of the oil pressure chamber of the main body of the test bench. It is necessary to pump oil from the oil cup many times and then fill the main body of the test bench with oil to display the pressure reading on the pressure gauge. The operation process of pumping and filling oil for the pressure gauge calibrator is very important, because if there is a problem in the operation, it will not only fail to add pressure, but also damage the test equipment. The steps are as follows: ①Close the pressure gauge and the two valves entering the oil circuit of the body, open The oil inlet valve of the oil cup on the pressure gauge calibrator. ② Shake back the piston screw on the pressure gauge calibrator until the screw is completely withdrawn, at this time the oil cylinder of the pressure table is filled with oil. ③Close the valve of the oil cup first, and then open the pressure gauge and the two valves entering the oil circuit of the body. ④ Shake in the piston screw, fill the device body with oil, and repeat this until the pressure gauge has a pressure reading. When the pressure of the first oil filling is reached, the valve of the main body oil circuit can be opened to avoid damage to the equipment. The pressure cannot exceed 6.0MPa during the whole experiment. ⑤ Check again whether the valve of the oil cup is closed properly, whether the pressure gauge and the valve of the oil circuit of the main body are open, if it is stable, you can start the experiment. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, but there are many operating steps, and there are many opportunities for the valve to open and close, which will easily cause carbon dioxide to rush out of the test bench body, and the experimental equipment will be easily damaged. Another problem is that when the temperature is low, even when the temperature is 15°C , It also often occurs that due to the high viscosity of castor oil, air enters the piston of the pressure gauge calibrator, and the oil cannot be pumped, which often leads to the failure of the experiment.

Once the valve operation on the pressure gauge calibrator is opened or closed incorrectly, the pressure difference between the experimental device body and the pressure gauge calibrator will be large, which will cause the fluid in the measurement body to rush out, resulting in the scrapping of the equipment.

There are many ways to connect the lid of the sealed liquid container (24) to the sealed liquid container (25), such as threaded connection, welding, etc., and there are also various forms of threaded connections, such as directly processing the inner surface of the lower part of the sealed liquid container lid (24). Internal threads, external threads are processed on the upper part of the sealed liquid container (25), and threads can also be processed on the outer surface of the lower part of the sealed liquid container cover (24) and the upper outer surface of the sealed liquid container (25), and the sealed The liquid container lid (24) is connected with the airtight liquid container (25).

According to the different connection forms between the lid (24) of the sealed liquid container and the sealed liquid container (25), there are many types of sealing, such as stuffing seal, seal seal and so on.

There are many types of seals, such as O-rings with O-shaped cross-sections, special-shaped seals with trapezoidal and rectangular cross-sections, and sealing gaskets, etc. The materials are preferably aging-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, and chemical-resistant materials. Such as nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, neoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polysulfide rubber, modified rubber, composite rubber and other polymer materials.

The sealing element can also be covered by different materials, and the sealing element includes a sealing element formed by covering two or more materials.

When using rubber seals, the hardness of the rubber is not less than 75 degrees Shore hardness. If the hardness is too small, the sealing effect will not be achieved. When the hardness is too large, the glass flange capillary may be damaged.

O-shaped rubber sealing ring is a commonly used seal with different shapes. When the design is reasonable, it can meet the sealing requirements. The cross-sectional rubber seals have the same cross-sectional shape.

Materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene and graphite can also be used for the sealing member.

In order to enhance the sealing effect, the number of sealing rings can be increased to form multiple seals.

Vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge have multiple connection forms on the lid of the sealed liquid container, and can be connected to the lid (24) of the liquid sealed container, such as through joints and pressure-resistant metal pipes on the horizontal through hole (241). The vacuum valve, the inflation valve, and the pressure gauge are connected to the measuring device, and the vacuum valve, the inflation valve, and the pressure gauge can also be connected through a metal block with a processing connection hole.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify the equivalent of equivalent changes. Example. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The manual pressure source is an experimental device capable of measuring the relationship between the pressure, volume and temperature of various fluids. It is composed of a manual pressure generator and a measuring device. It is characterized in that: the manual pressure generator consists of a hand wheel (1), a piston screw (2), a nut (3), piston barrel (4), piston assembly (5), working fluid cylinder (6), first joint (7), the piston assembly (5) includes guide nut (8), piston assembly main body (9), Piston 1 (10), Piston 2 (11), Piston 3 (14), Piston seal (13), Compression nut (12), Mercury is the working fluid of the manual pressure generator, and the measuring device consists of a constant temperature circulating water jacket (20), glass flange capillary (21), constant temperature circulating water jacket seal (22), glass flange capillary flange gland (23), sealed liquid container lid (24), sealed liquid container (25), Glass flange compression gasket (26), glass flange capillary flange gland fixing bolts (27), seal one (28), seal two (29), second joint (30), constant temperature circulating water clamp set of fixed structure, vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge, connection structure and bolts for connecting the vacuum valve, inflation valve, pressure gauge and the sealed liquid container (25), there is a horizontal channel on the side of the sealed liquid container cover (24) The hole (241) connects the vacuum valve, inflation valve, and pressure gauge to the measuring device through the horizontal through hole (241). The upper and lower ends of the main body of the measuring device are respectively conical, and the middle is cylindrical. It is mercury. The fluid filled into the measuring device includes but is not limited to carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, Freon 13, and Freon 23. The purity of the fluid requires a molar percentage of 99.99%; the fixed structure of the constant temperature circulating water jacket is a bolt (31) is fixed on the bolt hole (231), and through the cooperation of the four semicircular grooves (40) on the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket, the bolts and the eight grooves on the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket are used. With the cooperation of the horizontal through hole (41), the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) is vertically fixed on the glass flange capillary flange gland (23), and the durable Pressed metal tubes, compression fittings connect the manual pressure generator and measuring device. 2. The manual pressure source according to claim 1 is an experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids, characterized in that: the height of the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket is between the height of the constant temperature circulating water jacket (20) The ratio is 1:8～1:20, and the clamping part of the constant temperature circulating water jacket is installed on the bottom of the bolt (31), and the height of the bolt (31) is 6～10 centimeters. 3. The manual pressure source according to claim 1 is an experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids, characterized in that: the measuring device is installed along the axial direction of the glass flange capillary (21) and perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the manual pressure generator The first joint (7) of the measuring device and the second joint (30) of the measuring device are all located at the lower part, and the working liquid is lower than the horizontal through hole (241) when the volume of the working liquid cylinder (6) is the largest. 4. The experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids with a manual pressure source according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working liquid cylinder (6) can discharge a working liquid whose volume is larger than that of the manual pressure generator and the connecting pipe of the measuring device The sum of the volume of the channel and the volume of the enclosed space in the measuring device is at least 10 ml. 5. The experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids with a manual pressure source according to claim 1, characterized in that: a horizontal through hole (241), whose position corresponds to the inner slope area of the sealed liquid container lid (24) , calculated from the bottom of the sealed liquid container cover (24), its horizontal center position is between two-thirds and four-fifths of the height of the sealed liquid container cover (24), and the joints of the inflation valve, vacuum valve and pressure gauge are at a higher level on the horizontal center line of the horizontal through hole (241). 6. The manual pressure source according to claim 1 is an experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids, characterized in that the ratio of the outer diameter of the glass flange capillary (21) flange to the outer diameter of the glass capillary is 5: 1～8:1. 7. The experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids by a manual pressure source according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conical center line of the sealed liquid container cover (24), the conical center line of the sealed liquid container (25) Line and glass flange capillary (21) axial centerline are on the same vertical line. 8. The experimental device capable of measuring the pressure-volume-temperature relationship of various fluids by a manual pressure source according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing bolts (27) of the glass flange capillary flange gland are hexagon socket head bolts.