CN206744337U - A kind of descending device of safe and efficient fish - Google Patents

Abstract

A safe and efficient fish descending device, comprising a floating fish trapping platform, the lower end of the floating fish trapping platform is connected with the telescopic power generation inlet pipe and the power plant in turn; the front end of the floating fish trapping platform is connected with the fish guiding net, and the floating One side of the type fish trapping platform is sequentially connected with the transfer fish pipeline and the fish collection box, and the fish collection box drives the drainage through the water pump. The utility model provides a safe and high-efficiency fish descending device. By setting a floating fish trapping platform that can be lifted and lowered, the water flow generated by the water turbine is used to attract the descending fish. Efficiency, reduce fish mortality without affecting power generation.

Description

A safe and efficient fish descending device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of fish crossing dams, in particular to a safe and efficient fish descending device.

Background technique

In the whole life process of fish, not only upstream and downstream migration is required, but also downstream migration. Since modern times, with the construction of a large number of barrage and dam projects, natural rivers have been cut off to varying degrees, blocking the migration of fish, resulting in a sharp decline in the population of migratory fish. In order to protect migratory fish, while building dams and dikes, various countries have built various types of fish passing facilities according to the characteristics of the project and the needs of fish protection, such as fishways, imitation natural passages, fish lifts and fish lifts. Gates, etc. are used to help anadromous fish go up, but there are few studies on fish going down. The water turbine channel is an important way for fish to descend. The fish first enter the pipeline through the power generation inlet, then follow the water flow to the water turbine, and then enter the downstream through the draft tube. In the water turbine passing fish, the flow channel of the water turbine plays the following roles: 1) A flow field is generated at the inlet of the power plant upstream of the dam to attract fish, so that fish can find the downstream inlet more easily and quickly. 2) Provide a channel for the fish to descend, so that the descending fish can pass through the dam along the turbine pipe and reach the downstream of the dam.

However, the water turbine passing fish has the following disadvantages:

1) When the fish pass through the water turbine, due to the sudden acceleration, deceleration, bending, pressure drop (cavitation) of the water flow and the influence of other obstacles (trash hills, guide vanes, impellers), they may even die. Large changes in flow rates can have major effects on fish. Radial acceleration lengthens their bodies, while lateral acceleration bends their bodies. It is generally considered dangerous when the pressure drop exceeds the height of the 5-6m water column, causing the float to rupture and generate bubble embolism.

2) The type of water turbine is also an important factor limiting the downward movement of fish. Fish cannot pass through Pelton turbines, so their mortality rate is 100%; a considerable percentage of fish cannot successfully pass through shaft and rotary paddle turbines. But its mortality is not only related to the species of fish, but also related to the water level difference (the death rate increases with the increase of the water level difference). The water turbine with a diameter of up to a low rotating speed is beneficial to the downward movement of fish.

3) Generally speaking, the water inlet of the turbine, that is, the water inlet of the power generation room, is located in the middle and lower layers of the river, and the descending fish generally live in the upper layer of the river, so it cannot effectively attract fish.

4) The water inlet of the water turbine is small and the flow rate is large. On the one hand, the generated flow field is small and cannot effectively attract fish; on the other hand, high-speed water flow has adverse effects on fish.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a safe and efficient fish descending device,

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

A safe and efficient fish descending device, comprising a floating fish trapping platform, the lower end of the floating fish trapping platform is connected with the telescopic power generation inlet pipe and the power plant in turn; the front end of the floating fish trapping platform is connected with the fish guiding net, and the floating One side of the type fish trapping platform is sequentially connected with the transfer fish pipeline and the fish collection box, and the fish collection box drives the drainage through the water pump.

The surrounding and bottom of the floating fish trapping platform are closed, and there are double V-shaped passages inside. The large openings of the double V-shaped passages are connected to the fish guide net, and the small openings of the double V-shaped passages are connected to the transfer fish pipeline.

A trash plate is provided at the connection between the floating fish-trapping platform and the retractable power generation water inlet pipe.

The telescopic power generation water inlet pipe is formed by socketing an inner pipe and an outer pipe, wherein a first buoy is installed on the outer wall of the upper end of the inner pipe.

A second buoy is installed along the length direction of the transfer fish pipeline.

The power plant is provided with a gate with adjustable opening size.

The utility model is a safe and efficient fish descending device, which has the following technical effects:

1) Use the water flow generated by the turbine to attract fish going down, but choose another channel to transfer the fish going down, so that the fish can generate electricity normally without passing through the turbine; at the same time, compared with the traditional water turbine passing fish, this device greatly reduces Mortality of fish during descent.

2) The telescopic power generation inlet pipe is designed as two pipes of different sizes, so that it can be stretched up and down, so as to achieve the purpose of making the upper floating fish trap platform adapt to the change of the water level of the reservoir and float up and down, no matter the reservoir is in Whether the water level is low or high, the device can play a role in luring fish.

3) By setting the fish guide net and the double V-shaped hydraulic grid channel, the entrance of the fish trap is wider, which can not only attract a wider range of fish, but at the same time, the fish collection channel narrows the range of activities of the fish and improves the quality of the fish collection. speed.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a floating fish trapping platform in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the top view of the floating fish trapping platform in the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic power generation water inlet pipe in the utility model.

In the figure: floating fish trapping platform 1, retractable power generation water inlet pipe 2, power plant building 3, fish guide net 4, fish transfer pipeline 5, fish collection box 6, water pump 7, double V-shaped channel 8, trash blocking plate 9, An inner pipe 10, an outer pipe 11, a first buoy 12, a second buoy 13, and a gate 14.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1-4, a safe and efficient fish descending device includes a floating fish trapping platform 1, four-fifths of the height of the floating fish trapping platform 1 is located underwater, and the floating fish trapping platform 1 is connected to the inner pipe 10 of the telescopic power generation water inlet pipe 2, because the water flows to the lower place, the water located on the floating fishing platform will flow to the inner pipe 10 and then flow to the power plant and finally to the downstream of the reservoir, thus producing The flowing stream of water needed to generate electricity. In addition, the front end of the floating fish trapping platform 1 communicates with the fish guide net 4, and the fish guide net 4 is a larger V-shaped fish inlet channel. Because the downstream fish have a demand to go down the current, the fish pass through the restriction and guidance of the fish guide net 4. , quickly enter the floating fish trapping platform, thereby improving the efficiency of trapping fish. And floating type lures fish platform 1 around and bottom sealing, is provided with double V-shaped passage 8 inside, and double V-shaped passage 8 big mouth ends are communicated with guide fish net 4, and double V-shaped passage small mouth end is communicated with transfer fish pipeline 5. By setting the double V-shaped channel, the double V-shaped channel is formed by the hydraulic grid, and the hydraulic grid cannot pass the fish, and most of the water flows into the water inlet pipe for power generation, and a small part of the water flows into the transfer fish pipeline 5 together with the fish. Two fish inlets are provided by the double V-shaped channel, which increases the area of the fish collection inlet and increases the fish collection efficiency. The fish collection box 6 is connected with the transfer fish pipeline 5, and the outlet of the fish collection box is connected with an outlet pipe with a filter screen, and a water pump 7 is arranged on the outlet pipe, and the water pump takes out the water in the fish collection box, so that the transfer fish pipeline 5 produces The flowing water drives the fish to quickly pass through the fish transfer pipe to the fish collection box, increasing the efficiency of fish transportation. When the fish in the fish collection box reaches a certain amount, the fish collection box is lifted to the shore by a crane, and then the fish are put into the truck, and the fish is transported to the downstream of the reservoir by the truck.

In order to adapt to different water levels, the telescopic power generation inlet pipe 2 is formed by socketing the inner pipe 10 and the outer pipe 11, the upper end of the inner pipe 10 is connected with the floating fish trapping platform 1, and the first buoy 12 is arranged on the inner pipe 10 , when the water level of the reservoir changes, due to buoyancy, the floating fish trapping platform 1 and the inner pipe 10 move up and down together, so as to achieve the purpose of always allowing the floating fish trapping platform 1 to be located on the surface of the water, and improve the operation time of the device. The outer pipe 11 of the retractable power generation water inlet pipe 2 is connected to the water inlet of the power plant building 3, and the power plant building 3 is provided with a gate. The device flows to the water turbine, and the device can ensure a high head difference without affecting the power generation of the hydropower station. At this time, the gate is closed; when the water level of the reservoir is low, water is fed from the floating fish trap device, and the power generation head difference is small, and the device affects the hydropower station. To generate electricity, at this time, the power generation efficiency can be guaranteed by opening the gate to increase the water flow to the turbine.

Claims (6)

1. A safe and efficient fish descending device, which is characterized in that it includes a floating fish trapping platform (1), the lower end of the floating fish trapping platform (1) is sequentially connected with the telescopic power generation inlet pipe (2), and the power plant building (3) Connected; the front end of the floating fish trapping platform (1) is connected with the fish guide net (4), and one side of the floating fish trapping platform (1) is connected with the transfer fish pipeline (5) and the fish collecting box (6) in sequence , the fish collection box (6) drives the drainage by the water pump (7). 2. A safe and efficient fish descending device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating fish trapping platform (1) is closed around and at the bottom, with double V-shaped channels (8) inside, The large mouth end of the double V-shaped channel (8) communicates with the fish guide net (4), and the small mouth end of the double V-shaped channel communicates with the fish transfer pipeline (5). 3. A safe and efficient fish descending device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connection between the floating fish trapping platform (1) and the telescopic power generation inlet pipe (2) is provided with a trash plate (9). 4. A safe and efficient fish descending device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the telescopic power generation water inlet pipe (2) is formed by socketing an inner pipe (10) and an outer pipe (11), Wherein the first buoy (12) is installed on the outer wall of the upper end of the inner pipe (10). 5. A safe and efficient fish descending device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a second buoy (13) is installed along the length direction of the fish transfer pipeline (5). 6. A safe and efficient fish descending device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power plant (3) is provided with a gate (14) with an adjustable opening size.