CN206736932U - Ecological protective structure of inflation soil side slope - Google Patents

Abstract

An expansive soil slope ecological protection structure, wherein a geonet layer, a rice straw slurry layer and a vetiver layer are sequentially arranged on the expansive soil slope, a flexible lattice protection structure is arranged in the rice straw slurry layer, the flexible lattice protection structure is arranged on the upper side of the geonet layer and is covered with the geonet layer, the flexible lattice protection structure comprises a flexible partition whose height is less than the thickness of the rice straw slurry layer, a plurality of overlapping bayonet holes are arranged on the flexible partition, and a plurality of the flexible partitions are connected into a whole through the overlapping bayonet holes, thereby assembling into a lattice-shaped flexible lattice protection structure. The utility model has low cost, simple construction, strong anti-seepage and anti-scouring capabilities, and highlights many advantages in the prevention and treatment of special soil bodies such as expansive soil, achieving the effect of long-term slope protection and beautiful greening.

Description

A kind of expansive soil slope ecological protection structure

technical field

The utility model relates to an expansive soil slope ecological protection structure.

Background technique

Expansive soil is a special cohesive soil that swells and softens when it absorbs water, shrinks and cracks when it loses water. Its main engineering properties are strong hydrophilicity, multiple cracks, super-consolidation, and repeated expansion and contraction. Highway slopes built in expansive soil areas are prone to landslides and other disasters, and even repeated treatment and repeated failures have seriously restricted the construction and development of expressways in our country.

Currently, the protection of slopes in expansive soil areas generally has the following forms. First, slope protection is adopted. Generally, stones, concrete, blocks, etc. are used for slope protection to completely seal the entire slope. Although this method can be used to a certain extent To prevent side slope landslides and soil erosion, but seriously damaged the local ecological environment, does not meet the requirements of the scientific development concept, and the nature of expansive soil is easy to crack and bulge, easy to damage the upper engineering structure, fail to achieve the protection effect; 2. The guest soil spraying technology is adopted, but the guest soil spraying technology is easily affected by gravity and rain, and the sprayed base material is easily washed away, and the spraying thickness does not meet the requirements, resulting in waste of the base material and soil erosion, and expansion The characteristics of soil shrinkage and swelling are obvious, and the rainfall conditions are extremely unfavorable to the growth of the substrate, so it is difficult to achieve the protective effect; 3. Vegetation protection is used, but the expansive soil has the characteristics of softening and disintegrating when it encounters water. When the slope does not reach the natural stability When the slope is high, the slope often peels off due to disintegration, so it is difficult for plants to take root.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an expansive soil slope ecological protection structure with clear structure, combination of vetiver vegetation protection, geonet layer and rice straw mud, long-term slope protection and beautiful greening.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

An ecological protection structure for an expansive soil slope, in which a geonet layer, a rice straw mud layer and a vetiver layer are sequentially arranged on the expansive soil slope, a flexible lattice protection structure is arranged inside the rice straw mud layer, and the flexible The lattice protection structure is arranged on the upper side of the geonet layer and is covered with the geonet layer. The flexible lattice protection structure includes a flexible partition whose height is smaller than the thickness of the rice straw mud layer, and the flexible partition is provided with a plurality of overlapping joints. Bayonet, multiple pieces of the flexible partitions are connected into a whole through overlapping bayonets, so as to assemble into a grid-shaped flexible lattice protection structure.

Further, the vetiver layer is composed of vetiver arranged in a finished font on the rice straw mud layer.

Further, the top and foot of the expansive soil slope are respectively provided with intercepting ditches, and the expansive soil slope is provided with a longitudinal drainage ditch connected with the intercepting ditch at intervals to form a surface water waterproofing and drainage system.

Further, a base fertilizer layer is laid on the rice straw slurry layer, and the vetiver layer is laid on the base fertilizer layer.

Further, the geonet layer is made of black polyethylene, and the flexible separator is made of PVC board.

Due to the adoption of the above structure, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. Use the geonet layer to wrap the slope and separate the slope from the upper structure while improving the stability of the slope, so that the upper rice straw mud layer will not be affected by the cracking of the expansive soil slope and ensure its stability. In addition, the material of the geonet layer is black polyethylene, which has the function of heat preservation and can prevent the expansive soil slope from being subjected to temperature changes to cause a large number of cracks due to dry and wet cycle activities.

2. The rice straw mud layer is used to improve the strength of the mud added with rice straw, enhance the anti-scouring ability, and after the straw is degraded, it can provide nutrients for the vegetation, form a natural base fertilizer, protect the environment and save costs. Moreover, the rice straw mud layer forms an artificial shelter on the surface of the slope to reduce water infiltration, cut off the expansive soil from the outside world, and avoid the influence of wind, sun and rain on the temperature and humidity of the expansive soil. .

3. The friction and bite force between the geonet layer and the rice straw mud layer can provide a certain shear strength to resist the deformation and damage of the slope.

4. By setting partitions in the rice straw mud layer to form a lattice frame flexible support structure, it can reduce the erosion of the rainwater on the surface of the rice straw mud layer, improve the overall strength, and prevent rainwater from washing away the mud layer at the initial stage of planting the vetiver grass layer and surface base fertilizer, destroying the growth conditions of vegetation, and the flexible lattice protection structure is formed by connecting multiple pieces of flexible partitions with overlapping bayonet joints on the flexible partitions, which is convenient for assembly and transportation. The flexible partitions have a certain It is flexible and will not be damaged due to bulging or sagging of the slope, and it is convenient and low-cost to manufacture, can be mass-produced, is not easy to rot, and can achieve long-term protection effects.

5. The vetiver layer is composed of vetiver grass on the rice straw mud layer. The vetiver grass has dense clusters, well-developed fibrous roots, and can be as deep as 2-3 meters. It has no strict requirements on the soil and is easy to survive. It has many advantages for the protection of expansive soil, which is a special soil slope. The root system penetrates into the soil and can be regarded as a root-soil composite material, which improves the strength of the soil.

6. Set intercepting ditches at the top and foot of the slope, and set a vertical drainage ditch at intervals on the slope to connect with the intercepting ditch to form a surface water waterproof and drainage system, which effectively reduces the infiltration of surface water. When plant roots When it grows deep into the expansive soil and forms an integral structure with the slope, the stability and erosion resistance of the slope will be significantly enhanced.

To sum up, the utility model has the advantages of low cost, simple construction, strong anti-seepage and anti-scouring ability, and has many advantages in the prevention and treatment of expansive soil, which achieves long-term slope protection and beautiful greening.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the front view of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the separator of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, 1. Expansive soil slope; 2. Geonet layer; 3. Rice straw mud layer; 4. Base fertilizer layer; 5. Vetiver layer; 6. Intercepting ditch; 7. Vertical drainage ditch; Flexible partition; 9. Lap bayonet.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific implementation manner of this patent is described in further detail.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a kind of expansive soil slope ecological protection structure, firstly, the geonet layer 2 is laid on the surface of the expansive soil slope 1 from top to bottom, so that the geonet layer 2 and the expansive soil slope 1 are closely connected. In combination, the geonet layer wraps the expansive soil slope 1; after the laying is completed, a flexible lattice protection structure is laid on its upper part, and the flexible lattice protection structure is formed by lapping a plurality of flexible partitions 8, and each flexible partition 8 is provided with two lap bayonets 9 to overlap each other. In this example, the flexible partition 8 is made of PVC board.

The rice straw mud layer 3 is to add rice straw to the mud to improve the shear resistance and erosion resistance of the mud layer, and the rice straw mud layer can effectively block rainwater infiltration; when the rice straw mud layer 3 reaches a certain strength, it is embedded with a flexible lattice protection structure, or On the geonet layer 2, the flexible lattice protective structure is first laid, and then the rice straw mud layer 3 is laid on the flexible lattice protective structure, so that the rice straw mud layer 3 fills the lattice of the flexible lattice protective structure, and the rice straw mud layer 3 After laying, the base fertilizer layer 4 is laid on the rice straw mud layer 3, and the vetiver grass layer 5 is laid on the base fertilizer layer 4. The vetiver grass layer 5 is formed by the finished font arrangement of vetiver grass on the rice straw mud layer. Laying the geonet layer can prevent landslides and eliminate the impact of expansive soil cracks on the upper structure, ensuring that the upper mud structure will not be damaged due to slope cracking; laying rice straw mud layer 3 can reduce rainwater infiltration and ensure the temperature of the slope surface and humidity to prevent the expansive soil from repeated expansion and contraction cycles, thereby reducing soil cracking; the lattice structure formed by the overlapping of the flexible lattice protective structure can reduce the reaction force of the expansive soil slope 1 due to its large contact area with the expansive soil slope 1, The expansive soil slope 1 is evenly stressed, the strength of the soil is increased, and at the same time, the erosion of the rainwater on the surface of the rice straw mud layer can be greatly reduced, providing good growth conditions for the planting of vetiver. The overall structure can effectively reduce the infiltration of surface water and atmospheric water, reduce erosion, the reinforcement of the root system enhances the strength of the soil, and the evaporation and transpiration of vegetation prevent further attenuation of the strength of the soil, so it is an effective expansion Soil slope protection methods.

The geonet layer 2 has the characteristics of anti-aging and corrosion resistance. It can ensure the continuity and permanence of the effect when it is laid between the slope and the rice straw mud layer 3. On the one hand, the function of the geonet layer can wrap the slope and reduce the displacement, prevent erosion, avoid landslides and soil erosion, and on the other hand play the role of separating the rice straw mud layer 3 from the expansive soil slope, so that the structure of the rice straw mud layer 3 is not affected by the cracking of the expansive soil slope, making the slope The frictional force between the rice straw mud layer 3 is significantly increased, and the stability of the overall structure is enhanced. Mud is generally used for clearing holes in bored pile construction, forming mud skins to prevent hole wall collapse, cooling and lubricating drill bits, etc., and is rarely used for slope protection. The rice straw mud layer 3 is mixed with rice straw in the mud, so that The overall strength of the rice straw mud layer 3 is increased, the compressive, shearing and seepage resistance are significantly improved, and a protective film is formed on the outer surface of the slope, which not only prevents the infiltration of the atmosphere and surface water, but also ensures constant temperature and humidity of the slope , to reduce the cracking of expansive soil due to the dry-wet cycle due to temperature and moisture changes. The addition of straw makes the mud have a certain water retention, which ensures the long-term water supply demand of the vegetation and avoids cracking caused by excessive soil shrinkage. The added rice straw can provide nutrients for the vegetation after degradation, and give full play to the characteristics of the ecological slope protection mechanism.

The matching of the rice straw mud layer 3 with the flexible lattice protection structure can reduce the erosion of the rainwater on the surface of the rice straw mud layer, improve the overall strength, and prevent the rainwater from washing away the mud layer and the surface base fertilizer layer 4 in the initial stage of vetiver planting, destroying vegetation growth conditions, and the flexible lattice protection structure will not be damaged due to swelling or depression of the expansive soil slope 1, the flexible lattice protection structure is convenient and low-cost to manufacture, can be mass-produced, is not easy to rot, and can achieve long-term protection effects.

Vetiver is a perennial herbaceous plant with tall and erect plants. It mainly reproduces by branching or tillering. Vetiver has a well-developed underground fibrous root system, and its root system grows fast and long. It will have a strong transpiration effect. After the rainstorm and flood, it can quickly remove the underground water through the volatilization of its leaves, so as to reduce and disperse the erosion of excess water, and reduce the possibility of landslides and landslides on slopes (or engineering surfaces) Therefore, vetiver has many advantages in slope protection of expansive soil slopes. Vetiver should be "cut" before planting. It is advisable to keep the upper part of 20cm-30cm, and the root system should be cut to 5cm-10cm. In order to ensure survival, the first step is to make a nest. The roots can be planted to the edge in 15-20 days When the vegetation is fully grown, the root system goes deep into the slope soil through the rice straw mud layer to form a firm composite embedded system.

The specific implementation steps are as follows:

(1) In order to ensure that the geonet layer is closely combined with the expansive soil slope 1, arrange and clean the side expansive soil slope 1, and clear obstacles;

(2) CE131 is selected for the specification of geonet layer 2. The geonet layer of this specification is mainly used for greening slope protection. Dig a trench with a width of 20cm and a depth of 30cm, lay the geonet layer in the trench, fix it with U-shaped steel nails and fill it with soil, and then lay the geonet layer from top to bottom from the top of the slope. Connection width 15cm;

(3) After the geonet layer 2 is laid, the rice straw mud layer 3 is spread on the geonet layer and smoothed, as shown in Figure 2, the rice straw fiber length is 2cm, and the mass reinforcement rate is 0.3% (that is, the unit The mass ratio of volume rice straw to mud is 0.3%), and the proportion of mud is controlled between 1.1-1.3. If the proportion is too small, it will easily cause rainwater to wash away the soil body, and if the proportion is too large, it will easily cause disintegration. According to the above parameters and rice straw configuration Mud mixture, the thickness of the mud layer is 0.2m, and the mud pump is used to lay artificially; when the mud is cured for a period of time and a layer of mud skin structure is formed on the surface, a flexible lattice protection structure is built;

(4) The length of the flexible partition 8 in the flexible lattice protection structure is 0.5m, the width is 0.2m, and the thickness is 10mm. There is an overlapping bayonet 9 in the middle of the board and 3cm from both ends. The two flexible partitions The plates 8 are spliced into a "ten" shape through the lap joints 9, and then lapped in this way to form an overall lattice frame structure. The specific lap joint method is shown in Figure 3. The thickness of the mud layer and the height of the flexible partition 8 Consistent, so the water flow will not form a turbulent flow with a higher flow rate due to the uneven expansive soil slope 1 during rainfall, and the flexible lattice protection structure will not be exposed outside to affect the structural aesthetics (play the effect of anti-scouring).

(5) Vetiver layer 5, in order to ensure the survival rate, the vetiver seedlings are first nested, first the vetiver is divided into 3-4 strains in a cluster, then 5cm of humus is packed into the plastic bag, and then Put a cluster of vetiver into a bag, and then fill it with 6-10cm of humus soil to ensure that the roots can completely cover the soil. Finally, water regularly to ensure that it turns green regularly. The roots are ready to be planted on the slope in 15-20 days.

(6) When the mud reaches a certain strength, apply base fertilizer layer 4 to plant vetiver in combination with site preparation, with a plant spacing of 15cm and a row spacing of 60cm, so that the row spacing is appropriately relaxed and the plant spacing is increased to ensure the planting quantity and unit of vetiver on the planting strip The basic number of seedlings in the area; combined with the specifications of the flexible lattice protection structure, two clumps of vetiver are planted on average in each grid, and 4-5 tillers are planted in a horizontal contour strip along the slope, and the vetiver seedlings in the upper and lower layers are vertically staggered , planted in the shape of a finished product, after the seedlings survive, they can effectively intercept surface runoff and prevent erosion on expansive soil slopes 1;

(7) On the day of planting, combined with artificial assisted watering, twice a week for one month, fertilize 1-2 times after 45 days, and no longer fertilize in the future.

Intercepting ditches 6 are set at the top and foot of the slope, and a longitudinal drainage ditch 7 is set every 5m with a width of 30cm to form a surface water drainage system of the structure.

Claims (5)

1. A kind of 1. expansive soil slope ecological safeguard structure, it is characterised in that：Be disposed with expansive soil slope geotechnological stratum reticulare, Rice straw mud layer and cus-cus grass layer, the rice straw mud layer is interior to set flexible lattice safeguard structure, the flexible lattice Safeguard structure is arranged on the upside of geotechnological stratum reticulare and is covered with geotechnological stratum reticulare, and the flexible lattice safeguard structure includes height and is less than rice The flexible baffle of stalk mud layer thickness, the flexible baffle are provided with multiple overlap joint bayonet sockets, and flexible baffle described in multi-disc passes through It is integral to overlap bayonet connection, so as to be assembled into the flexible lattice safeguard structure of clathrate.
2. 2. expansive soil slope ecological safeguard structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cus-cus grass layer is by perfume (or spice) Root grass is formed on rice straw mud layer into Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement.
3. 3. expansive soil slope ecological safeguard structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The expansive soil slope Top of the slope and toe be respectively arranged with intercepting ditch, set one every a segment distance on the expansive soil slope connects with intercepting ditch Longitudinal drainage ditch formed surface water waterproof and water drainage system.
4. 4. expansive soil slope ecological safeguard structure according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：On the rice straw mud layer One layer of base manure layer is also equipped with, the cus-cus grass layer is laid on base manure layer.
5. 5. expansive soil slope ecological safeguard structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The geotechnological stratum reticulare is black Polyethylene form, the flexible baffle be PVC board composition.