CN206438609U - The bean column node slip casting mould and slurry injection structure of building of steel frame construction - Google Patents
The bean column node slip casting mould and slurry injection structure of building of steel frame construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206438609U CN206438609U CN201720064578.2U CN201720064578U CN206438609U CN 206438609 U CN206438609 U CN 206438609U CN 201720064578 U CN201720064578 U CN 201720064578U CN 206438609 U CN206438609 U CN 206438609U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grouting
- slip casting
- steel frame
- building
- column node
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 title claims 17
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 title claims 10
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 title claims 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具及注浆构造，属于梁柱节点施工领域。所述钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具包括相对设置的矩形注浆模板，注浆模板用于放置在钢框架房屋的梁柱节点两侧以与梁/柱形成封闭空间，注浆模板的下部设置有注浆口，注浆模板的上部设置有出气口，注浆口和出气口位于钢框架房屋的梁柱的两个翼缘之间；注浆模板的上部和下部均设置有锚栓孔，注浆模板通过穿过锚栓孔的对穿螺栓连接；注浆模板的外侧设置有加劲肋。与现有技术相比，本实用新型现场施工方便、可以循环使用。
The utility model discloses a beam-column joint grouting mold and a grouting structure of a steel frame house, belonging to the field of beam-column joint construction. The beam-column joint grouting mold of the steel frame house includes a rectangular grouting formwork arranged oppositely, and the grouting formwork is used to be placed on both sides of the beam-column joint of the steel-frame house to form a closed space with the beam/column, and the grouting formwork The lower part is provided with a grouting port, and the upper part of the grouting formwork is provided with an air outlet, and the grouting port and the air outlet are located between the two flanges of the beams and columns of the steel frame house; the upper and lower parts of the grouting formwork are provided with anchor bolts holes, and the grouting formwork is connected by through-bolts passing through the anchor bolt holes; the outside of the grouting formwork is provided with stiffeners. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has convenient on-site construction and can be recycled.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及梁柱节点施工领域，特别是指一种钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具及注浆构造。The utility model relates to the field of beam-column joint construction, in particular to a beam-column joint grouting mold and a grouting structure of a steel frame house.
背景技术Background technique
目前，钢框架房屋凭借其绿色环保的生产、建造过程，较高的工业化程度，良好的抗震、耐久性等特点，极大程度的满足了可持续发展的理念需求，得到了越来越多人的信赖。防火作为工业化住宅的重要性能指标之一，对衡量钢框架房屋的性能具有重要的参考价值。At present, with its green and environmentally friendly production and construction process, high degree of industrialization, good earthquake resistance, durability and other characteristics, steel frame houses have largely met the needs of sustainable development concepts, and have been favored by more and more people. trust. As one of the important performance indicators of industrialized housing, fire protection has important reference value for measuring the performance of steel frame housing.
在现存的装配式钢框架房屋的技术领域里，为了加强结构的耐火性能，设计人员通常会选择对H型钢梁/钢柱的翼缘与腹板之间的凹陷空间浇筑普通混凝土(发泡混凝土或聚苯颗粒保温砂浆等)，配合涂抹防火涂料提高建筑物整体的耐火性能。但是，装配式支撑钢框架房屋的钢梁、钢柱是通过节点板利用螺栓进行铰接连接，需要为现场的安装过程预留出相应的工作空间，这就限制了钢梁/钢柱中的混凝土等填充材料不能通长浇筑，需要在现场安装完成后对梁柱节点处进行注浆操作。因此，有必要为钢框架房屋的梁柱节点处的注浆操作提供一种施工方便，且能够循环使用的工具。In the technical field of existing prefabricated steel frame houses, in order to enhance the fire resistance of the structure, designers usually choose to pour ordinary concrete (foaming Concrete or polystyrene particle insulation mortar, etc.), with the application of fire-resistant coatings to improve the overall fire-resistant performance of the building. However, the steel beams and steel columns of the prefabricated supporting steel frame house are hinged and connected by bolts through the gusset plate, and corresponding working space needs to be reserved for the on-site installation process, which limits the amount of concrete in the steel beams/steel columns. The filling material cannot be poured all the way, and it is necessary to perform grouting at the beam-column joints after the on-site installation is completed. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a convenient and recyclable tool for the grouting operation at the beam-column joints of the steel frame building.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型为钢框架房屋的梁柱节点处的注浆操作提供一种现场施工方便、可以循环使用的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具及注浆构造。The utility model provides a grouting mold and a grouting structure for the beam-column joint of the steel-frame house which are convenient for on-site construction and can be recycled for the grouting operation at the beam-column joint of the steel-frame house.
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型提供技术方案如下：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides technical solutions as follows:
一方面，本实用新型提供一种钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具，包括相对设置的矩形注浆模板，所述注浆模板用于放置在钢框架房屋的梁柱节点两侧以与梁/柱形成封闭空间，所述注浆模板的下部设置有注浆口，所述注浆模板的上部设置有出气口，所述注浆口和出气口位于所述钢框架房屋的梁柱的两个翼缘之间；所述注浆模板的上部和下部均设置有锚栓孔，所述注浆模板通过穿过所述锚栓孔的对穿螺栓连接；所述注浆模板的外侧设置有加劲肋。On the one hand, the utility model provides a beam-column joint grouting mold of a steel frame house, which includes a rectangular grouting template set opposite to each other, and the grouting template is used to be placed on both sides of the beam-column joint of the steel frame house so as to be aligned with the beam / column forms a closed space, the lower part of the grouting template is provided with a grouting port, and the upper part of the grouting template is provided with an air outlet, and the grouting port and the air outlet are located at the two ends of the beam column of the steel frame house between the two flanges; the upper and lower parts of the grouting formwork are provided with anchor bolt holes, and the grouting formwork is connected by through bolts passing through the anchor bolt holes; the outside of the grouting formwork is provided with Stiffeners.
进一步的，所述锚栓孔为四对，且分别对称设置于所述注浆模板的上部和下部。Further, there are four pairs of anchor bolt holes, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the grouting formwork respectively.
进一步的，所述加劲肋为至少两道，且沿所述注浆模板的纵向方向设置。Further, there are at least two stiffeners arranged along the longitudinal direction of the grouting formwork.
进一步的，所述注浆模板的材质为钢材。Further, the material of the grouting template is steel.
另一方面，本实用新型还提供一种钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆构造，包括上述的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具。On the other hand, the utility model also provides a beam-column joint grouting structure of a steel frame house, including the above-mentioned beam-column joint grouting mold of a steel frame house.
进一步的，所述钢框架房屋的梁柱的翼缘和腹板形成有凹陷空间，所述凹陷空间中预先浇筑有混凝土，所述钢框架房屋的梁柱节点处的凹陷空间预留有工作空间，所述工作空间与所述注浆模板形成所述封闭空间。Further, the flanges and webs of the beams and columns of the steel frame house form a recessed space, and concrete is pre-cast in the recessed space, and the recessed space at the beam-column node of the steel frame house is reserved for working space , the working space and the grouting template form the closed space.
本实用新型具有以下有益效果：The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
本实用新型的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具及注浆构造，包括相对设置的矩形注浆模板，注浆模板的上部和下部均设置有锚栓孔，注浆模板通过穿过锚栓孔的对穿螺栓连接，使用时，通过拧紧螺栓将相对设置的矩形注浆模板分别固定在钢框架房屋的梁/柱节点两侧以与梁/柱形成封闭空间，便于施工，注浆模板的下部设置有注浆口，注浆模板的上部设置有出气口，注浆口和出气口位于钢框架房屋的梁柱的两个翼缘之间，工作时，先在梁/柱腹板的一侧通过下部的注浆口注浆，当上部的出气口处有砂浆溢出时，表明内部空间注浆完成，然后再在梁/柱腹板的另一侧重复进行注浆工作，可以保证注浆的密实度，提高注浆质量，注浆模板的外侧设置有加劲肋，能够保证注浆过程中注浆模板的刚度，实现注浆模板的可循环使用。The beam-column joint grouting mold and the grouting structure of the steel frame house of the utility model include a rectangular grouting formwork arranged oppositely, anchor bolt holes are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the grouting formwork, and the grouting formwork passes through the anchor bolts. The hole is connected by bolts. When in use, the opposite rectangular grouting formwork is fixed on both sides of the beam/column node of the steel frame house by tightening the bolts to form a closed space with the beam/column, which is convenient for construction. The grouting formwork The lower part is provided with a grouting port, and the upper part of the grouting formwork is provided with an air outlet. The grouting port and the air outlet are located between the two flanges of the beam and column of the steel frame house. The side is grouted through the grouting port in the lower part. When the mortar overflows from the air outlet in the upper part, it indicates that the grouting in the inner space is completed, and then the grouting work is repeated on the other side of the beam/column web to ensure the grouting The density of the grouting formwork is improved to improve the quality of the grouting. Stiffeners are provided on the outside of the grouting formwork, which can ensure the rigidity of the grouting formwork during the grouting process and realize the recyclable use of the grouting formwork.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the beam-column joint grouting mold of the steel frame house of the present utility model;
图2为本实用新型的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具的矩形注浆模板的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the rectangular grouting template of the beam-column node grouting mold of the steel frame house of the present utility model;
图3为本实用新型的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆构造的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the beam-column joint grouting structure of the steel frame house of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本实用新型要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the utility model clearer, the following will describe in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
一方面，本实用新型提供一种钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具，如图1-3所示，包括相对设置的矩形注浆模板1，注浆模板1用于放置在钢框架房屋的梁柱节点两侧以与梁/柱形成封闭空间，注浆模板1的下部设置有注浆口2，注浆模板1的上部设置有出气口3，注浆口2和出气口3位于钢框架房屋的梁柱的两个翼缘4之间；注浆模板1的上部和下部均设置有锚栓孔5，注浆模板1通过穿过锚栓孔5的对穿螺栓6连接；注浆模板1的外侧设置有加劲肋7。On the one hand, the utility model provides a beam-column joint grouting mold for a steel frame house, as shown in Figures 1-3, which includes a rectangular grouting formwork 1 set opposite to each other, and the grouting formwork 1 is used to be placed on the steel frame house Both sides of the beam-column joint form a closed space with the beam/column. The lower part of the grouting formwork 1 is provided with a grouting port 2, and the upper part of the grouting formwork 1 is provided with an air outlet 3. The grouting port 2 and the air outlet 3 are located in the steel frame Between the two flanges 4 of the beams and columns of the house; the upper and lower parts of the grouting formwork 1 are provided with anchor bolt holes 5, and the grouting formwork 1 is connected by the through bolts 6 passing through the anchor bolt holes 5; the grouting formwork 1 is provided with stiffeners 7 on the outside.
本实用新型的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具，包括相对设置的矩形注浆模板，注浆模板的上部和下部均设置有锚栓孔，注浆模板通过穿过锚栓孔的对穿螺栓连接，使用时，通过拧紧螺栓将相对设置的矩形注浆模板分别固定在钢框架房屋的梁/柱节点两侧以与梁/柱形成封闭空间，便于施工，注浆模板的下部设置有注浆口，注浆模板的上部设置有出气口，注浆口和出气口位于钢框架房屋的梁柱的两个翼缘之间，工作时，先在梁/柱腹板的一侧通过下部的注浆口注浆，当上部的出气口处有砂浆溢出时，表明内部空间注浆完成，然后再在梁/柱腹板的另一侧重复进行注浆工作，可以保证注浆的密实度，提高注浆质量，注浆模板的外侧设置有加劲肋，能够保证注浆过程中注浆模板的刚度，实现注浆模板的可循环使用。The beam-column joint grouting mold of the steel frame house of the utility model comprises a rectangular grouting formwork arranged oppositely, the upper and lower parts of the grouting formwork are provided with anchor bolt holes, and the grouting formwork passes through the anchor bolt holes. Bolt connection, when in use, fix the opposite rectangular grouting formwork on both sides of the beam/column joints of the steel frame house by tightening the bolts to form a closed space with the beam/column, which is convenient for construction. The lower part of the grouting formwork is provided with grouting Grouting port, the upper part of the grouting formwork is provided with an air outlet, and the grouting port and the air outlet are located between the two flanges of the beam and column of the steel frame house. When working, first pass through the lower part of the beam/column web Grouting at the grouting port, when there is mortar overflowing from the upper air outlet, it indicates that the grouting in the inner space is completed, and then repeat the grouting work on the other side of the beam/column web, which can ensure the compactness of the grouting, To improve the quality of grouting, stiffening ribs are arranged on the outside of the grouting formwork, which can ensure the rigidity of the grouting formwork during the grouting process and realize the recyclable use of the grouting formwork.
本实用新型中，钢框架房屋的梁/柱全部采用H型梁/柱。In the utility model, the beams/columns of the steel frame house all adopt H-shaped beams/columns.
优选的，锚栓孔5为四对，且分别对称设置于注浆模板1的上部和下部。这样能够保证锚栓从钢框架房屋的梁/柱的上翼缘的上部和下翼缘的下部将两块注浆模板连接成一个整体，连接较牢固。Preferably, there are four pairs of anchor bolt holes 5, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the grouting formwork 1 respectively. This can ensure that the anchor bolts connect the two grouting formworks into a whole from the upper part of the upper flange and the lower part of the lower flange of the beam/column of the steel frame house, and the connection is firmer.
进一步的，加劲肋7为至少两道，且沿注浆模板1的纵向方向设置。这样能够保证注浆过程中注浆模板的面外刚度，实现模板的可重复利用，加劲肋的数量可以根据实际情况计算确定具体数字。Further, there are at least two stiffeners 7 arranged along the longitudinal direction of the grouting formwork 1 . This can ensure the out-of-plane rigidity of the grouting formwork during the grouting process and realize the reusability of the formwork. The number of stiffeners can be calculated and determined according to the actual situation.
优选的，注浆模板1的材质为钢材。使用这种材质，重量较轻，强度较高，便于安装使用。Preferably, the material of the grouting formwork 1 is steel. Using this material, the weight is lighter, the strength is higher, and it is easy to install and use.
另一方面，本实用新型还提供一种钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆构造，如图3所示，包括上述的钢框架房屋的梁柱节点注浆模具1。由于结构与上相同，此处不再赘述。On the other hand, the utility model also provides a beam-column joint grouting structure of a steel frame house, as shown in FIG. 3 , including the above-mentioned beam-column joint grouting mold 1 of a steel frame house. Since the structure is the same as above, it will not be repeated here.
本实用新型中，钢框架房屋的梁柱的翼缘4和腹板8形成有凹陷空间，凹陷空间中预先浇筑有混凝土9，钢框架房屋的梁柱节点处的凹陷空间预留有工作空间10，工作空间10与注浆模板1形成封闭空间。用混凝土填补钢梁/钢柱节点处翼缘与腹板之间的凹陷空间，混凝土具有良好的保温、隔热性能，既提高了钢框架房屋的耐火性能，又能减少二次装修使用的材料。In the utility model, the flange 4 and the web 8 of the beam and column of the steel frame house form a recessed space, and concrete 9 is poured in advance in the recessed space, and the recessed space at the beam-column node of the steel frame house is reserved with a working space 10 , the working space 10 and the grouting template 1 form a closed space. Concrete is used to fill the recessed space between the flange and the web at the joints of steel beams/steel columns. Concrete has good thermal insulation and heat insulation properties, which not only improves the fire resistance of steel frame buildings, but also reduces the materials used for secondary decoration .
为了防止注浆过程中发生漏浆现象，注浆模板1安装完成后，在注浆模板1不与梁/柱上、下翼缘接触的左右两侧喷涂聚氨酯发泡剂或涂抹遇水膨胀止水胶，增加密实性。In order to prevent grout leakage during the grouting process, after the grouting formwork 1 is installed, spray polyurethane foaming agent on the left and right sides of the grouting formwork 1 that is not in contact with the upper and lower flanges of the beam/column or apply water-swellable Hydrogel for added compactness.
以上所述是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model. Retouching should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720064578.2U CN206438609U (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | The bean column node slip casting mould and slurry injection structure of building of steel frame construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720064578.2U CN206438609U (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | The bean column node slip casting mould and slurry injection structure of building of steel frame construction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206438609U true CN206438609U (en) | 2017-08-25 |
Family
ID=59636697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720064578.2U Active CN206438609U (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | The bean column node slip casting mould and slurry injection structure of building of steel frame construction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206438609U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108179812A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-19 | 新昌县远轴工业设计有限公司 | A kind of reinforced bean column node in center and its making and construction method |
| CN114737478A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-07-12 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Device for adhering glue to assembly joint of sectional beam and painting method |
-
2017
- 2017-01-18 CN CN201720064578.2U patent/CN206438609U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108179812A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-19 | 新昌县远轴工业设计有限公司 | A kind of reinforced bean column node in center and its making and construction method |
| CN114737478A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-07-12 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Device for adhering glue to assembly joint of sectional beam and painting method |
| CN114737478B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2024-03-01 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Segment beam assembly joint bonding glue device and brushing method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105714963B (en) | Inorganic light composite heat-insulation integrated exterior wall cladding system and installation method thereof | |
| WO2017197853A1 (en) | Insulation precast wall and prefabricated building | |
| CN205954995U (en) | Coincide wallboard structure with inside and outside double -deck heat preservation is insulated against heat | |
| CN101858114A (en) | Construction method for cast-in-place integral light-weight partition wall | |
| WO2007134518A1 (en) | Structure system of concrete buliding for self-heat insulation | |
| CN211286074U (en) | Self-heat-insulation system for prefabricated light high-strength foam concrete filled wallboard outer wall | |
| CN113863532B (en) | Concrete shear wall vertical connection node and its manufacturing and installation method | |
| CN208934190U (en) | A prefabricated steel frame infill wall structural system | |
| CN108842944A (en) | A kind of assembled light composite thermo-insulating wall board and preparation method thereof and installation method | |
| CN209670131U (en) | One kind assembly of shear wall structure as made of steel plate and shaped steel combination | |
| CN104110096B (en) | The construction method in the wall building part of Prefabricated building plate and formation and building room and building room | |
| CN206438609U (en) | The bean column node slip casting mould and slurry injection structure of building of steel frame construction | |
| CN206467824U (en) | A kind of assembly concrete frame wall filled with masonry | |
| CN205475901U (en) | An inorganic lightweight composite thermal insulation integrated exterior wall hanging board system | |
| CN103556759A (en) | Insulating and bearing shearing wall with cross-shaped embedded columns at central parts and single row of reinforcing bars and method | |
| CN109779033B (en) | Assembled house and construction method thereof | |
| CN111305372A (en) | Fabricated steel reinforced concrete structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN111809773B (en) | Lattice type combined shear wall | |
| Perez-Garcia et al. | Building's eco-efficiency improvements based on reinforced concrete multilayer structural panels | |
| CN105604245A (en) | Production method of steel-section-concrete +-shaped section column | |
| CN108756038A (en) | Assembly concrete shear wall and floor support plate rigid connection node and construction method | |
| CN108643346A (en) | Assembled built-in heat insulation layer foamed concrete composite wall-light steel frame-floor connecting node | |
| CN205329970U (en) | Precast concrete wallboard and wall panel structure system of dark frame in area of structure thereof | |
| CN218758236U (en) | Filling wall building block | |
| CN105604246A (en) | Construction method of steel-section-concrete T-shaped section column |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |