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CN206321226U - Electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus - Google Patents

Electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206321226U
CN206321226U CN201621260863.3U CN201621260863U CN206321226U CN 206321226 U CN206321226 U CN 206321226U CN 201621260863 U CN201621260863 U CN 201621260863U CN 206321226 U CN206321226 U CN 206321226U
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horizontal displacement
levitation
magnetic
support
suspended matter
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王龙林
吴昌霞
李丽琳
郝天之
刘世建
黎力韬
杨雨厚
刘家耀
彭蓉
韦兰春
罗慧
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Guangxi Jiaoke Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Guangxi Jiaoke Group Co Ltd
Guangxi Transportation Research and Consulting Co Ltd
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Guangxi Transportation Research Institute
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  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus, mainly it is made up of magnetic-levitation and shroud sleeve.The device is based on magnetic suspension principle, using magnetic-levitation constant vertical force is provided for suspended matter gauge block, suspended matter gauge block is set to be suspended on track, the fixing point formed among bearing horizontal displacement test, magnetic-levitation, shroud sleeve are then as the slip occurred level of bearing sliding steel plate is moved, measure suspended matter gauge block and the change of shroud sleeve relative level distance, you can obtain bridge pad horizontal displacement.The utility model is tested applied to bridge pad horizontal displacement, without setting external stability reference point, you can accurately measure the absolute value of bridge pad horizontal displacement;And the dynamic measurement of bearing horizontal displacement can be realized, and it is widely used in the technical fields such as Test on Bridge Loading, health monitoring.Accordingly, inventor has also set up corresponding measuring method.

Description

磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置Magnetic Suspension Bearing Horizontal Displacement Measuring Device

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于桥梁水平位移测量技术领域,尤其涉及一种磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of bridge horizontal displacement measurement, in particular to a magnetic suspension type support horizontal displacement measurement device.

背景技术Background technique

在斜拉桥、悬索桥、连续刚构这类大跨度桥梁当中,支座传递上部结构主梁与桥墩之间作用的重要构件。对于可纵向滑动的支座,不仅具备传递竖向力的作用,同时还可提供主梁顺桥向自由伸缩滑动的功能,以满足因温度变化而引起的主梁纵向伸缩需求。如果支座的纵向滑动功能受限,则会影响到桥梁上部结构的自由伸缩,进而在主梁内部产生内力,影响结构的整体受力。支座实际状态下的纵向滑动水平位移是反映支座纵向滑动工作状态的直接指标,也是评价支座滑动性能的重要指标。在大跨度桥梁的荷载试验或健康监测当中,支座水平位移的测量或监测是必做项目。目前桥梁工程领域内并没有支座水平位移测试的专用传感器,通常的测量方法是在桥墩顶面设置固定台座,在台座和主梁之间安装位移计来进行测试。但是,这种方法受到位移计量程的限制,通常无法满足具有大伸缩变形的桥梁的需求,而且这种方法需要在墩顶和梁底分别安装台座,涉及到现场钻孔安装,操作十分不便;同时,位移计方法是利用桥墩当做固定点,在高墩的情况下,桥墩墩顶本身就存在纵向的水平位移,对测量得到数据会有较大的影响,所测数据并非主梁在支座处的绝对水平位移。为此,要低成本、精准、快速测量支座处的绝对水平位移变得十分困难,也是目前桥梁检测工程领域的一大技术难题。In long-span bridges such as cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges, and continuous rigid frames, the bearing is an important component that transmits the action between the main girder of the superstructure and the pier. For the vertically slidable support, it not only has the function of transmitting vertical force, but also provides the function of free telescopic sliding of the main girder along the bridge direction, so as to meet the longitudinal expansion and contraction requirements of the main girder caused by temperature changes. If the longitudinal sliding function of the support is limited, it will affect the free expansion and contraction of the bridge superstructure, and then generate internal force inside the main girder, affecting the overall force of the structure. The horizontal displacement of the longitudinal sliding in the actual state of the bearing is a direct index reflecting the working state of the longitudinal sliding of the bearing, and is also an important index for evaluating the sliding performance of the bearing. In the load test or health monitoring of long-span bridges, the measurement or monitoring of the horizontal displacement of the bearing is a must. At present, there is no special sensor for the horizontal displacement test of the support in the field of bridge engineering. The usual measurement method is to set a fixed pedestal on the top surface of the pier, and install a displacement meter between the pedestal and the main girder for testing. However, this method is limited by the displacement measurement range, and usually cannot meet the needs of bridges with large expansion and contraction deformations. Moreover, this method needs to install pedestals on the pier top and beam bottom separately, which involves on-site drilling and installation, and the operation is very inconvenient; At the same time, the displacement meter method uses the bridge pier as a fixed point. In the case of a high pier, the top of the pier itself has a longitudinal horizontal displacement, which will have a greater impact on the measured data. The measured data is not the main girder on the support. The absolute horizontal displacement at . For this reason, it is very difficult to measure the absolute horizontal displacement at the support at low cost, accurately and quickly, and it is also a major technical problem in the field of bridge inspection engineering.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本实用新型要解决的技术问题是提供一种磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置及其测量方法,以实现低成本、精准、快速测量支座处的绝对水平位移,该装置及方法广泛适用于桥梁荷载试验、施工监控、健康监控等技术领域。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a magnetic levitation bearing horizontal displacement measuring device and its measuring method, so as to realize low-cost, accurate and fast measurement of the absolute horizontal displacement at the bearing. The device and method are widely applicable to bridges Load test, construction monitoring, health monitoring and other technical fields.

为解决上述技术问题,本实用新型采用以下技术方案:In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置,主要由磁悬浮轨道和屏蔽套筒组成;磁悬浮轨道水平安装于屏蔽套筒内,磁悬浮轨道上安装有悬浮质量块,磁悬浮轨道端部安装有测距仪,磁悬浮轨道具有控制器并由控制器控制为悬浮质量块提供等于其重力的恒定悬浮力。The horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support is mainly composed of a magnetic levitation track and a shielding sleeve; the magnetic levitation track is horizontally installed in the shielding sleeve, a levitation mass is installed on the magnetic levitation track, a rangefinder is installed at the end of the magnetic levitation track, and the magnetic levitation track Having and being controlled by a controller provides the suspended mass with a constant levitation force equal to its gravity.

磁悬浮轨道为电磁式直线磁悬浮轨道,最大行程大于5cm,最大负载为悬浮质量块重力的2倍以上。The magnetic levitation track is an electromagnetic linear magnetic levitation track, the maximum stroke is greater than 5cm, and the maximum load is more than twice the gravity of the suspended mass.

控制器包含悬浮质量块位置检测反馈系统。The controller includes a suspended mass position detection feedback system.

测距仪选用精度为0.01mm级的高精度测距仪,测量频率大于10Hz。The rangefinder is a high-precision rangefinder with an accuracy of 0.01mm, and the measurement frequency is greater than 10Hz.

针对现有桥梁支座水平位移测量方法存在的问题,发明人设计制作了一种磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置,主要由磁悬浮轨道和屏蔽套筒组成;磁悬浮轨道水平安装于屏蔽套筒内,磁悬浮轨道上安装有悬浮质量块,磁悬浮轨道端部安装有测距仪,磁悬浮轨道具有控制器并由控制器控制为悬浮质量块提供等于其重力的恒定悬浮力。该装置基于磁悬浮原理,利用磁悬浮轨道为悬浮质量块提供恒定竖向力,使悬浮质量块悬浮于轨道之上,形成支座水平位移测试当中的固定点(即自身内部实现水平坐标不变的固定参考点设置),磁悬浮轨道、屏蔽套筒则随着支座滑动钢板的滑动发生水平移动,测量悬浮质量块与屏蔽套筒相对水平距离的变化,即可得到桥梁支座水平位移。将本实用新型应用于桥梁支座水平位移测试,无需设置外部固定参考点,即可精确测量出桥梁支座水平位移的绝对值;且可实现支座水平位移的动态测量,并广泛适用于桥梁荷载试验、健康监控等技术领域。据此,发明人还建立了相应测量方法。Aiming at the problems existing in the existing methods for measuring the horizontal displacement of bridge supports, the inventor designed and produced a magnetic levitation bearing horizontal displacement measuring device, which is mainly composed of a magnetic levitation track and a shielding sleeve; the magnetic levitation track is horizontally installed in the shielding sleeve, A levitation mass block is installed on the magnetic levitation track, and a range finder is installed at the end of the magnetic levitation track. The magnetic levitation track has a controller and is controlled by the controller to provide a constant levitation force equal to its gravity for the levitation mass block. The device is based on the principle of magnetic levitation, and uses the magnetic levitation track to provide a constant vertical force for the suspended mass, so that the suspended mass is suspended on the track, forming a fixed point in the horizontal displacement test of the support (that is, the fixed point where the horizontal coordinate is not changed inside itself) Reference point setting), the magnetic levitation track and the shielding sleeve move horizontally with the sliding of the sliding steel plate of the support, and the horizontal displacement of the bridge support can be obtained by measuring the change in the relative horizontal distance between the suspended mass and the shielding sleeve. Applying the utility model to the horizontal displacement test of the bridge support, the absolute value of the horizontal displacement of the bridge support can be accurately measured without setting an external fixed reference point; and the dynamic measurement of the horizontal displacement of the support can be realized, and it is widely applicable to bridges Load testing, health monitoring and other technical fields. Accordingly, the inventor has also established a corresponding measurement method.

与现有技术相比,本实用新型的突出优势具体在于:Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of the utility model are in particular:

(1)通过磁悬浮原理,在装置内部形成水平坐标不变的固定参考点,无需如传统测量方法在桥梁以外或墩顶设置固定点,简化支座水平位移测试过程,在长斜拉桥、悬索桥当中应用优势明显;(1) Through the principle of magnetic levitation, a fixed reference point with constant horizontal coordinates is formed inside the device. It is not necessary to set fixed points outside the bridge or on the top of the pier as in the traditional measurement method, which simplifies the horizontal displacement test process of the support. In long cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges Among them, the application advantages are obvious;

(2)磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置直接安装于支座的上滑动钢板上,现场安装及操作十分便捷,提高了支座水平位移测试效率;(2) The horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support is directly installed on the upper sliding steel plate of the support, which is very convenient for on-site installation and operation, and improves the test efficiency of the horizontal displacement of the support;

(3)选用高精度磁悬浮轨道及测距仪,可实现0.1mm精度的位移测量,满足工程的需要,并且仪器密封于屏蔽套筒内,不受外界环境因素的干扰。(3) High-precision magnetic levitation track and rangefinder are used to achieve displacement measurement with 0.1mm precision, which meets the needs of the project, and the instrument is sealed in the shielding sleeve to avoid interference from external environmental factors.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support of the utility model.

图2是本实用新型磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置中悬浮质量块的受力示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the force on the suspended mass block in the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic suspension type support of the utility model.

图3是本实用新型磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置的使用状态参考图(水平移动前)。Fig. 3 is a reference diagram of the use state of the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support of the present invention (before horizontal movement).

图4是本实用新型磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置的使用状态参考图(水平移动后)。Fig. 4 is a reference diagram of the use state of the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support of the present invention (after horizontal movement).

图中:1磁悬浮轨道,2悬浮质量块,3控制器,4测距仪,5屏蔽套筒,6支座,7桥梁,8桥墩。In the figure: 1 magnetic levitation track, 2 suspended mass, 3 controller, 4 range finder, 5 shielding sleeve, 6 support, 7 bridge, 8 bridge pier.

具体实施方式detailed description

1.基本结构1. Basic structure

如图1所示,磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置,主要由磁悬浮轨道1和屏蔽套筒5组成;磁悬浮轨道水平安装于屏蔽套筒内,磁悬浮轨道上安装有悬浮质量块2,磁悬浮轨道端部安装有测距仪4,磁悬浮轨道具有控制器3并由控制器控制为悬浮质量块提供等于其重力的恒定悬浮力。As shown in Figure 1, the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support is mainly composed of a magnetic levitation track 1 and a shielding sleeve 5; A range finder 4 is installed at the top, and the magnetic levitation track has a controller 3 and is controlled by the controller to provide a constant levitation force equal to its gravity for the levitation mass.

其中,磁悬浮轨道为电磁式直线磁悬浮轨道,最大行程大于5cm,最大负载为悬浮质量块重力的2倍以上。控制器包含悬浮质量块位置检测反馈系统,对悬浮质量块恒定悬浮力控制精度小于0.1N,对悬浮质量块位置控制精度小于0.01mm。测距仪选用精度为0.01mm级的高精度测距仪,测量频率大于10Hz,用于测量悬浮质量块的相对距离变化。Among them, the magnetic levitation track is an electromagnetic linear magnetic levitation track, the maximum stroke is greater than 5cm, and the maximum load is more than twice the gravity of the suspended mass block. The controller includes a position detection feedback system of the suspended mass, the control accuracy of the constant suspension force of the suspended mass is less than 0.1N, and the control accuracy of the position of the suspended mass is less than 0.01mm. The rangefinder is a high-precision rangefinder with an accuracy of 0.01mm and a measurement frequency greater than 10Hz, which is used to measure the relative distance change of the suspended mass.

2.工作原理2. Working principle

如图2至图4所示,磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置直接安装于桥梁支座6的上滑动钢板,控制器控制磁悬浮轨道,在磁悬浮轨道的有效行程内,为悬浮质量块提供等于质量块重力的恒定悬浮力F。此时,悬浮质量块只受到自身重力G和磁悬浮轨道提供的竖直向上的恒定悬浮力F两个力的作用,当悬浮力始终与质量块自身重力相等时(F=G),质量块处于一个竖向平衡状态,悬浮质量块与磁悬浮轨道不发生接触,其绝对水平位置不会因磁悬浮轨道的移动而改变,进而形成支座水平位移测试用固定参考点。固定于支座滑动钢板上的磁悬浮轨道、屏蔽套筒随着钢板滑动产生水平位移d,此时由于质量块与轨道脱离接触,不承受任何水平力,质量块处于受力平衡状态,悬浮质量块的绝对水平位置并不随磁悬浮轨道改变,只是质量块与屏蔽套筒的水平相对位置发生改变,相对位置的改变量与屏蔽套筒水平向的位移量是相等的,即与支座上钢板的水平位移相等。通过安装于磁悬浮轨道端部的测距仪测量出位移前后质量块与屏蔽套筒相对位置的变化量ΔL,即得到支座的水平位移。如产生纵向位移前质量块与屏蔽套筒端部的水平距离为L1,产生纵向位移后质量块与屏蔽套筒端部的水平距离为L2,则支座水平位移值即为d=ΔL=L1-L2。利用动态测距仪连续测量,即可实现支座水平位移动态测试。As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support is directly installed on the upper sliding steel plate of the bridge support 6, and the controller controls the magnetic levitation track to provide a mass equal to The constant levitation force F of the block gravity. At this time, the suspended mass block is only affected by its own gravity G and the vertically upward constant levitation force F provided by the magnetic levitation track. When the levitation force is always equal to the mass block’s own gravity (F=G), the mass block is at In a vertical equilibrium state, the suspension mass does not contact the magnetic levitation track, and its absolute horizontal position will not change due to the movement of the magnetic levitation track, thereby forming a fixed reference point for the horizontal displacement test of the support. The magnetic levitation track and shielding sleeve fixed on the sliding steel plate of the support produce horizontal displacement d with the sliding of the steel plate. At this time, because the mass block is out of contact with the track and does not bear any horizontal force, the mass block is in a state of force balance, and the suspended mass block The absolute horizontal position of the magnetic levitation track does not change, but the horizontal relative position of the mass block and the shielding sleeve changes, and the relative position change is equal to the horizontal displacement of the shielding sleeve, that is, the level of the steel plate on the support The displacement is equal. The rangefinder installed at the end of the magnetic levitation track measures the change ΔL of the relative position between the mass block and the shielding sleeve before and after the displacement, that is, the horizontal displacement of the support is obtained. If the horizontal distance between the mass block and the end of the shielding sleeve before the longitudinal displacement is L 1 , and the horizontal distance between the mass block and the end of the shielding sleeve after the longitudinal displacement is L 2 , then the horizontal displacement value of the support is d=ΔL =L 1 -L 2 . The dynamic test of the horizontal displacement of the support can be realized by using the continuous measurement of the dynamic distance meter.

3.操作步骤3. Operation steps

(1)进行支座水平位移测试前,在桥梁支座的滑动钢板上,固定安装磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置,磁悬浮轨道方向与待测试的支座水平位移方向平行;(1) Before the horizontal displacement test of the support, the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support is fixedly installed on the sliding steel plate of the bridge support, and the direction of the magnetic levitation track is parallel to the horizontal displacement direction of the support to be tested;

(2)打开控制器电源,通过控制器将悬浮质量块位置调节至磁悬浮轨道行程中部位置,保持悬浮力使悬浮质量块处于静止悬浮状态,并设置磁悬浮轨道中悬浮力保持此状态不变,悬浮质量块绝对水平坐标保持不变;(2) Turn on the power of the controller, adjust the position of the suspended mass to the middle position of the magnetic levitation track stroke through the controller, maintain the levitation force so that the levitated mass is in a static levitation state, and set the levitation force in the maglev track to keep this state unchanged, levitation The absolute horizontal coordinates of the mass remain unchanged;

(3)测量此时悬浮质量块相对于屏蔽套筒端部的水平距离L1(3) Measure the horizontal distance L 1 of the suspended mass relative to the end of the shielding sleeve at this time;

(4)支座滑动钢板随着主梁产生水平向的位移d,带动屏蔽套筒和磁悬浮轨道水平向移动d,而悬浮质量块始终处于受力平衡状态,绝对位置并未随磁悬浮轨道水平移动而改变,即悬浮绝对水平坐标为x,y;(4) The sliding steel plate of the support moves horizontally with the main girder d, which drives the shielding sleeve and the magnetic levitation track to move horizontally d, while the suspended mass is always in a state of force balance, and the absolute position does not move horizontally with the magnetic levitation track And change, that is, the absolute horizontal coordinates of the suspension are x, y;

(5)测量此时悬浮质量块相对于屏蔽套筒端部的水平距离L2(5) Measure the horizontal distance L 2 of the suspension mass relative to the end of the shielding sleeve at this time;

(6)计算支座水平位移为d=ΔL=L1-L2(6) Calculate the horizontal displacement of the support as d=ΔL=L 1 -L 2 .

4.应用实例4. Application examples

对某193m+330m+113m半漂浮体系斜拉桥的辅助墩墩顶处支座纵向位移随温度的变化情况进行测试,使用前述磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置,参照上述操作步骤进行。The longitudinal displacement of the support at the top of the auxiliary pier of a 193m+330m+113m semi-floating cable-stayed bridge was tested as a function of temperature, using the aforementioned magnetic levitation bearing horizontal displacement measuring device and referring to the above operation steps.

在进行支座水平位移测试前,在支座的滑动钢板上固定安装磁悬浮式支座水平位移测量装置,磁悬浮轨道方向与待测试的支座水平位移方向平行。打开控制器电源,通过控制器将悬浮质量块位置调节至磁悬浮轨道行程中部位置,保持悬浮力使悬浮质量块处于静止悬浮状态,并设置磁悬浮轨道中悬浮力保持此状态不变,悬浮质量块绝对水平坐标保持不变。测量此时悬浮质量块相对于屏蔽套筒端部的水平距离L1=50.3mm。支座滑动钢板随着主梁产生水平向的位移,测量此时悬浮质量块相对于屏蔽套筒端部的水平距离L2=31.2mm,计算出支座水平位移为d=ΔL=L1-L2=19.1mm。Before the horizontal displacement test of the support, the horizontal displacement measuring device of the magnetic levitation support is fixedly installed on the sliding steel plate of the support, and the direction of the magnetic levitation track is parallel to the horizontal displacement direction of the support to be tested. Turn on the power of the controller, adjust the position of the suspended mass to the middle position of the magnetic levitation track stroke through the controller, maintain the levitation force so that the levitated mass is in a static levitation state, and set the levitation force in the magnetic levitation track to keep this state unchanged, the levitated mass is absolutely The horizontal coordinates remain the same. Measure the horizontal distance L 1 =50.3 mm of the suspended mass relative to the end of the shielding sleeve at this time. The sliding steel plate of the support produces horizontal displacement along with the main beam. Measure the horizontal distance L 2 =31.2mm between the suspended mass and the end of the shielding sleeve at this time, and calculate the horizontal displacement of the support as d=ΔL=L 1 - L 2 =19.1mm.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that mainly by magnetic-levitation and shroud sleeve group Into;The magnetic-levitation is horizontally installed in shroud sleeve, and suspended matter gauge block, magnetic-levitation are provided with magnetic-levitation End is provided with rangefinder, and magnetic-levitation has controller and provided by controller control for suspended matter gauge block equal to its gravity Constant suspending power.
2. electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The magnetic suspension rail Road is electromagnetic type straight line magnetic-levitation, and range is more than 5cm, and maximum load is more than 2 times of suspended matter gauge block gravity.
3. electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The controller bag The position detecting feedback system of gauge block containing suspended matter.
4. electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rangefinder choosing With the high precision distance detector that precision is 0.01mm grades, measurement frequency is more than 10Hz.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106767608A (en) * 2016-11-23 2017-05-31 广西交通科学研究院 Electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus and its measuring method
CN114688959A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-01 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Detection device and detection method for horizontal displacement of test structure

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106767608A (en) * 2016-11-23 2017-05-31 广西交通科学研究院 Electromagnetic levitation type bearing horizontal displacement measurement apparatus and its measuring method
CN114688959A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-01 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Detection device and detection method for horizontal displacement of test structure
CN114688959B (en) * 2022-04-11 2024-08-13 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Detection device and detection method for horizontal displacement of test structure

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