CN206231185U - heat pump air conditioning system for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to electric automobile air conditioning system field specifically provides a heat pump air conditioning system for electric automobile. The utility model discloses how to reduce air conditioning system's consumption and the problem that promotes electric automobile continuation of the journey mileage when aiming at solving guaranteeing passenger cabin heating and refrigeration performance. The heat pump air conditioning system of the utility model comprises a vehicle-mounted air conditioning loop and a power equipment cooling loop which are connected in parallel; the vehicle-mounted air conditioning loop comprises a compressor, a first condenser, a second condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator which are sequentially connected end to end; the power equipment cooling loop comprises a power assembly, a radiator, a three-way control valve and a first condenser, wherein the power assembly, the radiator and the three-way control valve are connected end to end in sequence, and the first condenser is selectively connected between the three-way control valve and the power assembly. Owing to have above-mentioned structure, the utility model discloses a heat pump air conditioning system can reduce the power loss of air conditioning system when heating and refrigeration effectively, and then increases electric automobile's continuation of the journey mileage.

Description

Heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of air-conditioning systems for electric vehicles, and specifically provides a heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles.

Background technique

In the air-conditioning system of a traditional car, the heating of the passenger compartment utilizes the heat dissipated by cooling the engine, the water temperature is higher, and the warm air effect is better; Heat exchange achieves cooling effect.

However, in pure electric vehicles, since the temperature of the coolant in the powertrain of pure electric vehicles needs to be controlled relatively low, it cannot provide a better warm air effect. In the current air-conditioning system of pure electric vehicles, the electric heater is usually used as the heat source for the heating of the passenger compartment, and the heat source generated is blown into the passenger compartment through the blower; the cooling of the passenger compartment is usually driven by an electric compressor to drive the refrigerant circuit, and the heat is exchanged through the evaporation of the evaporator , to cool down the passenger compartment. The two systems are usually independent of each other and work independently, and the integration level is not high, the efficiency is low, and the power consumption is large, which seriously shortens the cruising range of electric vehicles.

Correspondingly, there is a need in the art for a new air-conditioning system for electric vehicles to solve the above problems.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problem of how to reduce the power consumption of the air conditioning system and improve the cruising range of the electric vehicle while ensuring the heating and cooling performance of the passenger compartment, the utility model provides a The heat pump air-conditioning system includes a parallel vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit and a power equipment cooling circuit; the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit includes a compressor, a first condenser, a second condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator connected end to end The power equipment cooling circuit includes a power assembly, a radiator, and a three-way control valve connected end to end in sequence, and the first condensate selectively connected between the three-way control valve and the power assembly device.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat pump air-conditioning system, the three-way control valve can switch between the first path and the second path, and when switching to the first path, the first condenser is connected to the in the power plant cooling circuit; when switching to the second path, the first condenser is removed from the power plant cooling circuit.

In the preferred technical solution of the heat pump air-conditioning system, the heat pump air-conditioning system further includes a cooling fan, and the cooling fan is arranged adjacent to the evaporator, and is used to blow the cold air around the evaporator to the passenger compartment or Blow out of the car.

In the preferred technical solution of the heat pump air-conditioning system, the heat pump air-conditioning system further includes a heating fan, and the heating fan is arranged adjacent to the second condenser, and is used to blow the hot air around the second condenser to The passenger compartment in the car.

In a preferred technical solution of the above heat pump air conditioning system, the first condenser is a liquid-cooled condenser; and/or the second condenser is an air-cooled condenser.

In a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat pump air-conditioning system, the power equipment cooling circuit further includes a radiator fan arranged adjacent to the radiator, and the radiator fan is used to enhance the heat exchange between the interior and exterior of the radiator; and /or the power equipment cooling circuit also includes a first circulation pump for circulating the coolant in the power equipment cooling circuit; and/or the vehicle air conditioning circuit further includes a first circulation pump for The second circulation pump that circulates the refrigerant.

In another aspect, the utility model provides a heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles. The heat pump air-conditioning system includes a parallel vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit and a power equipment cooling circuit; machine, a three-way control valve, a second condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, and a first condenser selectively connected downstream of the three-way control valve; into, radiator and the first condenser.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat pump air-conditioning system, the three-way control valve can switch between the first path and the second path, and when switching to the first path, the first condenser is connected to the In the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit; when switching to the second path, the first condenser is removed from the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat pump air-conditioning system, the heat pump air-conditioning system further includes a cooling fan and a heating fan, and the cooling fan is arranged adjacent to the evaporator for blowing the cold air around the evaporator into the vehicle The passenger compartment of the vehicle or blown to the outside of the vehicle; the heating fan is arranged adjacent to the second condenser, and is used to blow the hot air around the second condenser to the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat pump air-conditioning system, the first condenser is a water-liquid-cooled condenser; and/or the second condenser is an air-cooled condenser; and/or the power equipment cooling circuit It also includes a radiator fan arranged adjacent to the radiator, and the radiator fan is used to enhance the heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the radiator; and/or the cooling circuit of the power equipment further includes a A first circulation pump for circulating the coolant in the cooling circuit; and/or the vehicle air-conditioning circuit further includes a second circulation pump for circulating the refrigerant in the vehicle air-conditioning circuit.

Those skilled in the art can understand that, in the preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit and the power equipment cooling circuit are connected in parallel through the first condenser. When the heat pump air-conditioning system heats the passenger compartment, the first condensing The evaporator is removed from the cooling circuit of the power equipment, and the cooling fan blows the cold air around the evaporator to the outside of the vehicle. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquefied by the compressor in the vehicle air-conditioning circuit is transported to the second condenser, and the heat is transferred through the second condenser. Conducted out, the heating fan blows the hot air around the second condenser to the passenger compartment to heat the passenger compartment; when the heat pump air-conditioning system cools the passenger compartment, the heating fan does not work, and the first condenser is connected Power equipment cooling circuit, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquefied by the compressor in the vehicle air-conditioning circuit is transported to the first condenser, where heat exchange occurs with the coolant in the power equipment cooling circuit, and becomes a low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through The second condenser is expanded into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant by the expansion valve. Finally, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is vaporized and absorbs heat when it flows through the evaporator, thereby reducing the temperature of the evaporator and the surrounding area of the evaporator. At this time, the cooling fan will Cool air around the evaporator blows into the passenger compartment to cool the passenger compartment. In the technical solution of the utility model, since the phase change heating efficiency of the compressor is much greater than that of the electric heater, and because the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid in the cooling circuit of the power equipment at the first condenser is much higher Higher than the efficiency of heat exchange between the refrigerant at the second condenser and the air, and the heat dissipation power of the radiator in the power equipment cooling circuit is much greater than the heat dissipation power of the second condenser in the vehicle air conditioning circuit, so this The heat pump air-conditioning system of the utility model can effectively reduce the power loss of the air-conditioning system no matter in the heating mode or in the cooling mode, thereby increasing the cruising range of the electric vehicle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a working cycle diagram during heating of the heat pump air-conditioning system of the utility model for electric vehicles in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a working cycle diagram during refrigeration of the heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles of the present invention in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles of the present invention.

detailed description

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. For example, although the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present utility model is designed for electric vehicles, the use of the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments to it according to needs, so as to adapt to specific applications occasion.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner" and "outer" The terms indicating the direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and operation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or It can be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

As shown in FIG. 1 , this figure shows the first embodiment of the heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles of the present invention. The heat pump air conditioning system includes an on-board air conditioning circuit (the circuit on the right in Figure 1) and a power equipment cooling circuit (the circuit on the left in Figure 1). The vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit includes a compressor 6 , a first condenser 7 , a second condenser 2 , an expansion valve 3 and an evaporator 5 connected end to end in sequence. Preferably, the first condenser 7 is a liquid condenser, such as a water-cooled condenser. The power equipment cooling circuit includes a power assembly, a radiator 9 and a three-way control valve 8 connected end to end in sequence, and a first condenser 7 selectively connected between the three-way control valve 8 and the power assembly. The three-way control valve 8 can be switched between the first passage on the right side and the second passage on the lower side. When switching to the first passage, the first condenser 7 is connected to the power equipment cooling circuit; when switching to the second passage During the second pass, the first condenser 7 is bypassed, that is, removed from the cooling circuit of the power equipment. The heat pump air-conditioning system also includes a heating fan 1 and a cooling fan 4, the heating fan 1 is arranged next to the second condenser 2, and is used to blow the hot air around the second condenser 2 to the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle; the cooling fan 4 It is arranged beside the evaporator 5, and is used to blow the cold wind around the evaporator 5 to the passenger compartment or outside of the electric vehicle.

It should be noted that the refrigerant in the vehicle air-conditioning circuit is a cooling medium that absorbs heat through vaporization and releases heat through liquefaction, for example, the refrigerant may be Freon or the like. The cooling liquid in the cooling circuit of the power equipment is preferably water, or those skilled in the art can also use other cooling liquids that will not cause corrosion and damage to the components in the cooling circuit of the power equipment, such as hydraulic oil. It can be seen that the first condenser 7 is a liquid-cooled condenser, and the second condenser 2 is an air-cooled condenser.

Continue to refer to Figure 1, when the heat pump air conditioning system is working, the second condenser 2 is used to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant; the expansion valve 3 is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant; the evaporator 5 is used to make the refrigerant and the air The air performs heat exchange to reduce the air temperature and increase the temperature of the refrigerant; the compressor 6 is used to compress the refrigerant from low pressure to high pressure; the first condenser 7 is used to exchange heat between the cooling liquid and the refrigerant to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant; three-way control The valve 8 is used to control the flow direction of the coolant, and thus realize the switching between the heating mode and the cooling mode of the heat pump air-conditioning system; the radiator 9 is used to exchange heat between the coolant and the air, and reduce the temperature of the coolant; the powertrain may include power Batteries, drive motors, motor controllers, etc. The power equipment cooling circuit is mainly used to reduce the heat generated by the powertrain during the driving of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator 9 is much greater than that of the first condenser 7 and the second condenser 2 .

Further, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator 9, a radiator fan (not shown) is also arranged beside it to blow away the hot air around the radiator 9; A circulating pump (not shown in the figure) is used to circulate the coolant in the cooling circuit of the power equipment; a second circulating pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the vehicle air conditioning circuit to make the cooling fluid in the vehicle air conditioning circuit refrigerant circulation.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the figure shows the working cycle of the first embodiment of the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present invention during heating. When the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present utility model is heating, the lower port of the three-way control valve 8 is opened, and the coolant does not pass through the first condenser 7. At this time, the first condenser 7 does not have the heat dissipation function for the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit. The equipment cooling circuit only dissipates heat and cools down the powertrain of the electric vehicle. In the vehicle air-conditioning circuit, the heating fan 1 is turned on, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the compressor 6 dissipates heat at the second condenser 2, and the heating fan 4 blows the hot air around the second condenser 2 into the passenger compartment. Then, the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passing through the second condenser 2 passes through the expansion valve 3 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. When it flows through the evaporator 5, it evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator 5. The cold wind around the device 5 blows to the outside of the car. The heating fan 4 blows the hot air around the second condenser 2 into the passenger compartment, and the cooling fan 4 blows the cold air around the evaporator 5 out of the vehicle, thereby realizing the heating of the passenger compartment by the heat pump air-conditioning system.

As shown in FIG. 3 , this figure shows the working cycle of the first embodiment of the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present invention during cooling. When the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present invention is cooling, the right port of the three-way control valve 8 is opened to allow the cooling liquid to flow through the first condenser 7, so that it can dissipate heat to the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit. In the vehicle-mounted air-conditioning circuit, the heating fan 1 is turned off, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 6 exchanges heat with the coolant in the cooling circuit of the power equipment at the first condenser 7 and is thus cooled, and then the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant Directly pass through the second condenser 2 without any heat exchange, then the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 3 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and when it flows through the evaporator 5, it evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator 5, and this At this time, the cooling fan 4 blows the cold air around the evaporator 5 into the passenger compartment, thereby realizing cooling in the passenger compartment. Regarding the cooling fan 4, it should be pointed out that it can blow the cold air around the evaporator 5 to the passenger compartment or outside the vehicle in any suitable manner. For example, a manifold with a reversing valve may be provided at the cooling fan 4 and the evaporator 5 to control the flow of cold air to the passenger compartment or to the outside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the figure shows a second embodiment of the heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles of the present invention. Compared with the first embodiment, the three-way control valve 8 in the power equipment cooling circuit is arranged between the compressor 6 and the first condenser 7 in the vehicle air-conditioning circuit, and the other end of the three-way control valve 8 is selected Sexually communicated with the second condenser 2. When the heat pump air-conditioning system heats the passenger compartment, the right port of the three-way control valve 8 is opened, the compressor 6 communicates with the second condenser 2, and is disconnected from the first condenser 7; when the heat pump air-conditioning system heats the passenger compartment During cooling, the upper port of the three-way control valve 8 is opened, the compressor 6 communicates with the first condenser 7, and the heating fan 1 is deactivated at this time. In this embodiment, the cooperative action of other components except the three-way control valve 8 when the heat pump air-conditioning system cools and heats the passenger compartment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and thus will not be described in detail here.

Those skilled in the art will easily understand that the number of heating fans 1, cooling fans 4 and radiators 9 is not limited to those shown in Figures 1 to 4, and the number can also be multiple, for example, two or five Wait.

Those skilled in the art can understand that, compared with the traditional air-conditioning system applied to electric vehicles, the heat pump air-conditioning system of the present utility model not only has a simple system structure, but also only needs to change the on-off of the three-way control valve 8 to realize the heating mode and Toggle between cooling modes. Therefore, the heat pump air-conditioning system of the utility model not only has better heating performance and efficiency than traditional heaters, but also makes full use of the electric vehicle powertrain cooling system to cool down the air-conditioning refrigerant, so that the power consumption of the entire air-conditioning system is very small. Greatly improve the mileage of electric vehicles.

So far, the technical solution of the utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred implementations shown in the accompanying drawings, however, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the utility model is obviously not limited to these specific implementations. On the premise of not departing from the principle of the utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile, it is characterised in that the heat pump type air conditioning system includes car in parallel Carry air conditioner loop and power-equipment cooling circuit；

The on-board air conditioner loop includes compressor end to end successively, the first condenser, the second condenser, expansion valve and steaming Hair device；

The power-equipment cooling circuit includes power assembly end to end successively, radiator and three-way control valve and selection Property it is connected to first condenser between the three-way control valve and the power assembly.

2. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the three-way control valve Can switch between the first path and alternate path, when first path is switched to, first condenser is accessed In the power-equipment cooling circuit；When the alternate path is switched to, first condenser is by from the power-equipment Removed in cooling circuit.

3. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat pump air conditioner system System also includes refrigerating fan, and the refrigerating fan is set adjacent to the evaporator, for the cold wind around the evaporator to be blown To in-car crew module or blow to outside car.

4. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the heat pump air conditioner system System also includes heating fan, and the heating fan is set adjacent to second condenser, for by around second condenser Hot blast blow to in-car crew module.

5. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that institute It is liquid cooled condenser to state the first condenser；And/or second condenser is air-cooled condenser.

6. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the power-equipment is cold But loop also includes the radiator fan that the neighbouring radiator is set, and the radiator fan is used to strengthen in the radiator Portion and outside heat exchange；And/or the power-equipment cooling circuit is also included for cooling back the power-equipment The first circulation pump that coolant in road is circulated；And/or the on-board air conditioner loop is also included for making the car Carry the second circulation pump of the refrigerant circulation flowing in air conditioner loop.

7. a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile, it is characterised in that the heat pump type air conditioning system includes car in parallel Carry air conditioner loop and power-equipment cooling circuit；

The on-board air conditioner loop includes compressor end to end successively, three-way control valve, the second condenser, expansion valve and steaming Send out device and be used to selectively connect to first condenser in the three-way control valve downstream；

The power-equipment cooling circuit includes power assembly end to end successively, radiator and first condenser.

8. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the three-way control valve Can switch between the first path and alternate path, when first path is switched to, first condenser is accessed In the on-board air conditioner loop；When the alternate path is switched to, first condenser is by from the on-board air conditioner loop Middle removal.

9. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the heat pump air conditioner system System also includes refrigerating fan and heating fan,

The refrigerating fan is set adjacent to the evaporator, the crew module for the cold wind around the evaporator to be blowed to in-car Or blow to outside car；

The heating fan is set adjacent to second condenser, for the hot blast around second condenser to be blowed into in-car Crew module.

10. the heat pump type air conditioning system for electric automobile according to any one of claim 7 to 9, it is characterised in that institute It is aqueous air-cooled condenser to state the first condenser；And/or

Second condenser is air-cooled condenser；And/or

The power-equipment cooling circuit also includes the radiator fan that the neighbouring radiator is set, and the radiator fan is used In the heat exchange for strengthening the radiator inside and outside；And/or

The power-equipment cooling circuit is also included for making what the coolant in the power-equipment cooling circuit was circulated First circulation pump；And/or

The on-board air conditioner loop also includes the second circulation pump for flowing the refrigerant circulation in the on-board air conditioner loop.