CN206176960U - Drying device provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other - Google Patents
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001599 direct drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种多能互补烘干装置，包括烘干单元、风能集热单元、太阳能集热单元和空气源热泵单元。本实用新型的多能互补烘干装置根据客观环境条件和干燥工艺要求，利用风力致热、太阳能发电以及热泵原理，实现风能单独干燥、太阳能单独干燥、热泵单独干燥、风能‑太阳能联合干燥、太阳能‑热泵联合干燥等多种模式，在满足物料烘干所要求的干燥条件的前提下，最大限度地利用风能、太阳能和空气能等可再生清洁能源，为烘干箱提供热源，对于开发新能源、提高农副产品加工质量、促进循环经济和保护生态环境具有积极意义。
The utility model discloses a multi-energy complementary drying device, which comprises a drying unit, a wind energy heat collection unit, a solar heat collection unit and an air source heat pump unit. According to the objective environmental conditions and drying process requirements, the multi-energy complementary drying device of the utility model utilizes the principle of wind heating, solar power generation and heat pump to realize wind energy independent drying, solar energy independent drying, heat pump independent drying, combined wind energy-solar energy drying, solar energy drying, etc. ‑Heat pump combined with drying and other modes, under the premise of meeting the drying conditions required for material drying, maximize the use of renewable clean energy such as wind energy, solar energy and air energy to provide heat sources for the drying box, which is very important for the development of new energy It is of positive significance to improve the processing quality of agricultural and sideline products, promote circular economy and protect the ecological environment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及烘干设备技术领域，具体涉及一种利用风能、太阳能、空气能和电能作为热源来源的烘干装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of drying equipment, in particular to a drying device using wind energy, solar energy, air energy and electric energy as heat sources.
背景技术Background technique
干燥是很多农副产品产业化、规模化发展的关键技术环节，直接影响到农副产品成品的品质。目前我国农副产品行业中大多数企业采用的是传统的干燥工艺——锅炉干燥。锅炉使用的热源常见的有燃油、燃煤、燃气和电。燃油、燃煤锅炉污染空气，燃气和电锅炉虽然对空气污染较小，但能耗成本太高，在当今常规能源短缺的情况下，不符合低碳经济、可持续发展的要求。如果通过新能源技术改造，使得干燥工艺尽量利用“免费”的能源比如风能、太阳能、空气热能，就可以大幅降低常规能源的消耗，不仅有利减少空气污染，还可以降低干燥成本，提高经济效益。Drying is a key technical link in the industrialization and large-scale development of many agricultural and sideline products, which directly affects the quality of the finished agricultural and sideline products. At present, most enterprises in my country's agricultural and sideline products industry use the traditional drying process - boiler drying. Common heat sources used by boilers are oil, coal, gas and electricity. Oil-fired and coal-fired boilers pollute the air. Although gas-fired and electric boilers pollute the air less, the cost of energy consumption is too high. Under the current shortage of conventional energy sources, they do not meet the requirements of low-carbon economy and sustainable development. If the new energy technology transformation is used to make the drying process use "free" energy such as wind energy, solar energy, and air heat energy as much as possible, the consumption of conventional energy can be greatly reduced, which will not only help reduce air pollution, but also reduce drying costs and improve economic benefits.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种多能互补烘干装置，可以充分利用风能、太阳能、空气能等新能源，并结合以电能驱动的加热技术，从而实现物料干燥过程的节能减排和安全高效。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-energy complementary drying device, which can make full use of new energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and air energy, and combine heating technology driven by electric energy, so as to realize energy saving, emission reduction, safety and high efficiency in the drying process of materials .
为实现上述目的，本实用新型的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:
一种多能互补烘干装置，包括烘干单元、风能集热单元、太阳能集热单元和空气源热泵单元：A multi-energy complementary drying device, including a drying unit, a wind energy heat collection unit, a solar heat collection unit and an air source heat pump unit:
所述烘干单元包括烘干箱以及设在烘干箱内的烘干架，所述烘干箱的顶部设置出风口和排湿口，所述烘干箱的底部设置有进风口，所述出风口顶部设置有轴流风机；The drying unit includes a drying box and a drying rack arranged in the drying box, the top of the drying box is provided with an air outlet and a moisture outlet, and the bottom of the drying box is provided with an air inlet. An axial flow fan is installed on the top of the air outlet;
所述风能集热单元包括第一风力机、第一传动轴、摩擦片和摩擦制热器，所述第一风力机和第一传动轴连接，所述第一传动轴上设置有摩擦片，所述摩擦片在第一传动轴的带动下与摩擦制热器之间相互摩擦以产生热量；The wind energy heat collection unit includes a first wind turbine, a first transmission shaft, a friction plate and a friction heater, the first wind turbine is connected to the first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is provided with a friction plate, Driven by the first transmission shaft, the friction plate rubs against the friction heater to generate heat;
所述太阳能集热单元包括太阳能光伏板、充放电控制器、蓄电池和电热器，所述太阳能光伏板、蓄电池、电热器分别与充放电控制器电连接，所述电热器位于烘干箱内；The solar heat collecting unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel, a charging and discharging controller, a battery and an electric heater, the solar photovoltaic panel, the battery, and the electric heater are respectively electrically connected to the charging and discharging controller, and the electric heater is located in a drying box;
所述空气源热泵单元包括通过制冷剂管道依次连通的蒸发器、热泵压缩机、冷凝器以及节流阀，所述节流阀通过制冷剂管道连通蒸发器形成闭合回路；The air source heat pump unit includes an evaporator, a heat pump compressor, a condenser, and a throttle valve connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline, and the throttle valve is connected to the evaporator through a refrigerant pipeline to form a closed loop;
所述烘干箱的出风口通过第一三通阀分别与摩擦制热器的进风口及蒸发器的进风口连通，所述摩擦制热器的出风口及冷凝器的出风口分别通过第二三通阀与烘干箱的进风口连通。The air outlet of the drying box communicates with the air inlet of the friction heater and the air inlet of the evaporator respectively through the first three-way valve, and the air outlet of the friction heater and the air outlet of the condenser pass through the second three-way valve respectively. The three-way valve communicates with the air inlet of the drying box.
所述多能互补烘干装置还包括风力驱动单元，所述风力驱动单元包括第二风力机、第二传动轴、齿轮组、第三传动轴和旋转底盘，所述第二风力机通过第二传动轴与齿轮组的主动轮连接，所述旋转底盘通过第三转动轴与齿轮组的从动轮连接，所述烘干架安装在旋转底盘上。利用风能驱动烘干架旋转，以使干燥物均匀受热，满足均匀干燥物品的要求，相对于采用电动机驱动烘干架旋转等方式而言，可有效降低电能的消耗，达到节约能源的目的。The multi-energy complementary drying device also includes a wind drive unit, the wind drive unit includes a second wind machine, a second transmission shaft, a gear set, a third transmission shaft and a rotating chassis, and the second wind machine passes through the second The transmission shaft is connected with the driving wheel of the gear set, the rotating chassis is connected with the driven wheel of the gear set through the third rotating shaft, and the drying rack is installed on the rotating chassis. The wind energy is used to drive the drying rack to rotate, so that the dried objects are evenly heated to meet the requirements of uniform drying. Compared with the use of motors to drive the drying rack to rotate, it can effectively reduce the consumption of electric energy and achieve the purpose of saving energy.
所述多能互补烘干装置还包括自动监测控制单元，所述自动监测控制单元包括设在烘干箱内的温度传感器和湿度传感器及总控制器，所述总控制器分别电连接轴流风机、第一三通阀、第一风力机、充放电控制器、热泵压缩机、第二三通阀以及第二风力机。该自动监测控制单元，可在线监测并记录烘干过程中温度与湿度的变化，实时掌握烘干情况，并通过设定一定的温度、湿度值自动调整干燥模式，所述优化烘干工艺，减少劳动力投入。The multi-energy complementary drying device also includes an automatic monitoring control unit, the automatic monitoring control unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a general controller arranged in the drying box, and the general controller is electrically connected to the axial flow fan respectively , the first three-way valve, the first wind turbine, the charging and discharging controller, the heat pump compressor, the second three-way valve and the second wind turbine. The automatic monitoring control unit can monitor and record the temperature and humidity changes in the drying process online, grasp the drying situation in real time, and automatically adjust the drying mode by setting a certain temperature and humidity value. The optimization of the drying process reduces the labor input.
根据运行工况的不同要求，本实用新型烘干装置的干燥模式可分为：风能单独干燥、太阳能单独干燥、热泵单独干燥、风能-太阳能联合干燥以及太阳能-热泵联合干燥这五种模式，具体运行在何种模式可通过自动监测控制单元根据客观环境条件和干燥工艺要求进行控制。According to the different requirements of the operating conditions, the drying mode of the drying device of the present invention can be divided into five modes: wind energy alone drying, solar energy alone drying, heat pump alone drying, wind energy-solar energy combined drying and solar energy-heat pump combined drying. The operating mode can be controlled by the automatic monitoring control unit according to the objective environmental conditions and drying process requirements.
所述烘干箱四周立面和顶面均为透光材料制成。透明材料可采用玻璃板或聚碳酸酯阳光板等透光性强的材料，太阳光透过烘干箱可以直接入射到物料上，从而获得干燥物料所需要的热量。The surrounding facade and top surface of the drying box are made of light-transmitting materials. The transparent material can be made of glass plate or polycarbonate solar panel and other materials with strong light transmittance. The sunlight can be directly incident on the material through the drying box, so as to obtain the heat required for drying the material.
当风能集热单元运行时，位于烘干箱外的第一风力机的风叶在风力的吹动下旋转，带动第一传动轴旋转，第一传动轴带动固定在其上的摩擦片转动，摩擦片与固定的摩擦制热器相互摩擦，产成热量，该热量被流经摩擦制热器的气流吸收，形成热风，进入烘干箱进行物料干燥。When the wind energy heat collection unit is in operation, the blades of the first wind turbine located outside the drying box rotate under the blowing of the wind, driving the first transmission shaft to rotate, and the first transmission shaft drives the friction plate fixed thereon to rotate, The friction plate and the fixed friction heater rub against each other to generate heat, which is absorbed by the airflow flowing through the friction heater to form hot air, which enters the drying box to dry the material.
当太阳能集热单元运行时，位于烘干箱外的太阳能光伏板在太阳光的照射下产生电量，通过充放电控制器一路存入蓄电池中，一路给烘干箱中的电热器供电，电热器产生热量，对烘干箱的物料进行干燥，存入蓄电池的电能，在夜间或阴天没有阳光时，通过充放电控制器释放出来，给电热器供电。When the solar heat collection unit is running, the solar photovoltaic panel located outside the drying box generates electricity under the irradiation of sunlight, which is stored in the battery through the charge and discharge controller all the way, and supplies power to the electric heater in the drying box all the way. Heat is generated to dry the materials in the drying box, and the electric energy stored in the battery is released through the charge and discharge controller at night or when there is no sunlight on cloudy days to supply power to the electric heater.
当空气源热泵单元运行时，从烘干箱流出的低温热风进入蒸发器，蒸发器吸收其中的余热并去除其中的水分，降温降湿后的冷风进入冷凝器，吸收冷凝器的热量后变成高温热风，再次进入烘干箱对物料进行干燥。When the air source heat pump unit is running, the low-temperature hot air flowing out of the drying box enters the evaporator, and the evaporator absorbs the waste heat and removes the moisture in it. The high-temperature hot air enters the drying box again to dry the material.
本实用新型与现有技术相比，其有益效果在于：Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects of:
本实用新型的多能互补烘干装置根据客观环境条件和干燥工艺要求，利用风力致热、太阳能发电以及热泵原理，实现风能单独干燥、太阳能单独干燥、热泵单独干燥、风能-太阳能联合干燥以及太阳能-热泵联合干燥等多种模式，在满足物料烘干所要求的干燥条件的前提下，最大限度地利用风能、太阳能和空气能等可再生清洁能源，为烘干箱提供热源，对于开发新能源、提高农副产品加工质量、促进循环经济和保护生态环境具有积极意义。According to the objective environmental conditions and drying process requirements, the multi-energy complementary drying device of the present utility model utilizes the principle of wind heating, solar power generation and heat pump to realize wind energy independent drying, solar energy independent drying, heat pump independent drying, wind energy-solar energy combined drying and solar energy drying. - Various modes such as heat pump combined with drying, under the premise of meeting the drying conditions required for material drying, maximize the use of renewable clean energy such as wind energy, solar energy and air energy to provide heat sources for the drying box, which is very important for the development of new energy It is of positive significance to improve the processing quality of agricultural and sideline products, promote circular economy and protect the ecological environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型多能互补烘干装置的结构图；Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the multi-energy complementary drying device of the present invention;
附图标记说明：1、烘干箱；2、烘干架；3、出风口；4、排湿口；5、进风口；6、轴流风机；7、第一风力机；8、第一传动轴；9、摩擦片；10、摩擦制热器；11、太阳能光伏板；12、充放电控制器；13、蓄电池；14、电热器；15、蒸发器；16、热泵压缩机；17、冷凝器；18、节流阀；19、第一三通阀；20、第二三通阀；21、第二风力机；22、第二传动轴；23、齿轮组；24、第三传动轴；25、旋转底盘。Explanation of reference signs: 1. Drying box; 2. Drying rack; 3. Air outlet; 4. Dehumidification outlet; 5. Air inlet; Drive shaft; 9. Friction plate; 10. Friction heater; 11. Solar photovoltaic panel; 12. Charge and discharge controller; 13. Battery; 14. Electric heater; 15. Evaporator; 16. Heat pump compressor; 17. Condenser; 18, throttle valve; 19, first three-way valve; 20, second three-way valve; 21, second wind turbine; 22, second drive shaft; 23, gear set; 24, third drive shaft ; 25, rotating chassis.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型的内容做进一步详细说明。The content of the present utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例：Example:
如图1所示，一种多能互补烘干装置，包括烘干单元、风能集热单元、太阳能集热单元和空气源热泵单元：As shown in Figure 1, a multi-energy complementary drying device includes a drying unit, a wind energy heat collection unit, a solar heat collection unit and an air source heat pump unit:
所述烘干单元包括烘干箱1以及设在烘干箱1内的烘干架2，所述烘干箱2的顶部设置出风口3和排湿口4，所述烘干箱2的底部设置有进风口5，所述出风口3顶部设置有轴流风机6；The drying unit includes a drying box 1 and a drying rack 2 arranged in the drying box 1, the top of the drying box 2 is provided with an air outlet 3 and a moisture outlet 4, and the bottom of the drying box 2 is An air inlet 5 is provided, and an axial flow fan 6 is arranged on the top of the air outlet 3;
所述风能集热单元包括第一风力机7、第一传动轴8、摩擦片9和摩擦制热器10，所述第一风力机7和第一传动轴8连接，所述第一传动轴8上设置有摩擦片9，位于烘干箱1外的第一风力机7的风叶在风力的吹动下旋转，带动第一传动轴8旋转，第一传动轴8带动固定在其上的摩擦片9转动，摩擦片9与固定的摩擦制热器10相互摩擦，产成热量，该热量被流经摩擦制热器10的气流吸收，形成热风，进入烘干箱1进行物料干燥；The wind energy heat collection unit includes a first wind turbine 7, a first transmission shaft 8, a friction plate 9 and a friction heater 10, the first wind turbine 7 is connected to the first transmission shaft 8, and the first transmission shaft 8 is provided with a friction plate 9, and the fan blades of the first wind machine 7 located outside the drying box 1 rotate under the blowing of the wind, driving the first transmission shaft 8 to rotate, and the first transmission shaft 8 drives the The friction plate 9 rotates, and the friction plate 9 and the fixed friction heater 10 rub against each other to generate heat, which is absorbed by the airflow flowing through the friction heater 10 to form hot air, which enters the drying box 1 to dry the material;
所述太阳能集热单元包括太阳能光伏板11、充放电控制器12、蓄电池13和电热器14，所述太阳能光伏板11、蓄电池13、电热器14分别与充放电控制器12电连接，所述电热器14位于烘干箱1内，位于烘干箱1外的太阳能光伏板11在太阳光的照射下产生电量，通过充放电控制器12一路存入蓄电池13中，一路给烘干箱1中的电热器14供电，电热器14产生热量，对烘干箱1中的物料进行干燥，存入蓄电池13的电能，在夜间或阴天没有阳光时，通过充放电控制器12释放出来，给电热器14供电；The solar heat collecting unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel 11, a charging and discharging controller 12, a battery 13 and an electric heater 14, and the solar photovoltaic panel 11, the battery 13, and the electric heater 14 are respectively electrically connected to the charging and discharging controller 12, and the The electric heater 14 is located in the drying box 1, and the solar photovoltaic panel 11 located outside the drying box 1 generates electricity under the irradiation of sunlight. The electric heater 14 supplies power, and the electric heater 14 generates heat to dry the materials in the drying box 1. The electric energy stored in the storage battery 13 is released through the charge and discharge controller 12 at night or when there is no sunlight on a cloudy day to provide electric heating. 14 power supply;
所述空气源热泵单元包括通过制冷剂管道依次连通的蒸发器15、热泵压缩机16、冷凝器17以及节流阀18，所述节流阀18通过制冷剂管道连通蒸发器15形成闭合回路，从烘干箱1流出的低温热风进入蒸发器15，蒸发器15吸收其中的余热并去除其中的水分，降温降湿后的冷风进入冷凝器17，吸收冷凝器17的热量后变成高温热风，再次进入烘干箱1对物料进行干燥；The air source heat pump unit includes an evaporator 15, a heat pump compressor 16, a condenser 17, and a throttle valve 18 connected in sequence through a refrigerant pipeline, and the throttle valve 18 is connected to the evaporator 15 through a refrigerant pipeline to form a closed loop, The low-temperature hot air flowing out from the drying box 1 enters the evaporator 15, and the evaporator 15 absorbs the waste heat therein and removes the moisture therein, and the cold air after cooling down and dehumidifying enters the condenser 17, and becomes high-temperature hot air after absorbing the heat of the condenser 17, Enter the drying box 1 again to dry the material;
所述烘干箱1的出风口3通过第一三通阀19分别与摩擦制热器10的进风口及蒸发器15的进风口连通，所述摩擦制热器10的出风口及冷凝器17的出风口分别通过第二三通阀20与烘干箱1的进风口5连通。The air outlet 3 of the drying box 1 communicates with the air inlet of the friction heater 10 and the air inlet of the evaporator 15 respectively through the first three-way valve 19, and the air outlet of the friction heater 10 and the condenser 17 The air outlets of each are communicated with the air inlet 5 of the drying box 1 through the second three-way valve 20 respectively.
其中，烘干箱1的四周立面和顶面采用玻璃板或聚碳酸酯阳光板等透光性强的材料制成，太阳光透过玻璃可以直接入射到需干燥的物料上，从而获得干燥物水分蒸发所需要的热量。Among them, the surrounding facade and top surface of the drying box 1 are made of materials with strong light transmission such as glass plates or polycarbonate solar panels, and sunlight can directly incident on the materials to be dried through the glass, thereby achieving drying The heat required for the evaporation of moisture.
其中，所述多能互补烘干装置还包括风力驱动单元，所述风力驱动单元包括第二风力机21、第二传动轴22、齿轮组23、第三传动轴24和旋转底盘25，所述第二风力机21通过第二传动轴22与齿轮组23的主动轮连接，所述旋转底盘25通过第三转动轴24与齿轮组23的从动轮连接，所述烘干架2安装在旋转底盘25上，利用风能驱动烘干架2旋转，以使干燥物均匀受热，满足均匀干燥物品的要求，相对于采用电动机驱动烘干架旋转等方式而言，可有效降低电能的消耗，达到节约能源的目的。Wherein, the multi-energy complementary drying device also includes a wind drive unit, the wind drive unit includes a second wind machine 21, a second transmission shaft 22, a gear set 23, a third transmission shaft 24 and a rotating chassis 25, the The second wind turbine 21 is connected with the driving wheel of the gear set 23 through the second transmission shaft 22, and the rotating chassis 25 is connected with the driven wheel of the gear set 23 through the third rotating shaft 24, and the drying rack 2 is installed on the rotating chassis 25, use wind energy to drive the drying rack 2 to rotate, so that the dried objects are evenly heated, and meet the requirements of uniformly drying items. Compared with the use of motors to drive the drying racks to rotate, it can effectively reduce power consumption and achieve energy saving the goal of.
其中，所述多能互补烘干装置还包括自动监测控制单元，所述自动监测控制单元包括设在烘干箱1内的温度传感器和湿度传感器以及总控制器，所述总控制器分别电连接轴流风机6、第一三通阀19、第一风力机7、充放电控制器12、热泵压缩机16、第二三通阀20以及第二风力机21，总控制器根据温度传感器测得的温度值、湿度传感器测得的湿度值以及预设值，对上述设备发出工作指令，其设置由本领域技术人员根据现有传感技术及上述功能描述即可实现，故此处不再详述。Wherein, the multi-energy complementary drying device also includes an automatic monitoring control unit, the automatic monitoring control unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a general controller arranged in the drying box 1, and the general controller is electrically connected to Axial flow fan 6, first three-way valve 19, first wind turbine 7, charge and discharge controller 12, heat pump compressor 16, second three-way valve 20, and second wind turbine 21, the total controller measures according to the temperature sensor The temperature value measured by the humidity sensor, the humidity value measured by the humidity sensor, and the preset value are used to issue work instructions to the above-mentioned equipment. The setting can be realized by those skilled in the art according to the existing sensing technology and the above-mentioned function description, so it will not be described in detail here.
通过自动监测控制单元，可在线监测并记录烘干过程中温度与湿度的变化，实时掌握烘干情况，并通过设定一定的温度、湿度值自动调整干燥模式，优化烘干工艺，减少劳动力投入，还可增加功能模块以在线监测记录太阳瞬时辐照及风速的变化，然后通过设定的温度、湿度值控制相应设备的工作状态。Through the automatic monitoring control unit, it can monitor and record the temperature and humidity changes in the drying process online, grasp the drying situation in real time, and automatically adjust the drying mode by setting a certain temperature and humidity value, optimize the drying process, and reduce labor input It can also add functional modules to monitor and record the instantaneous solar radiation and wind speed changes online, and then control the working status of the corresponding equipment through the set temperature and humidity values.
本实用新型的多能互补干燥装置可以实现风能单独干燥、太阳能单独干燥、热泵单独干燥、风能-太阳能联合干燥以及太阳能-热泵联合干燥这五种模式。下面对每种工作模式的前提条件和工作流程分别阐述：The multi-energy complementary drying device of the utility model can realize five modes of wind energy independent drying, solar energy independent drying, heat pump independent drying, wind energy-solar combined drying and solar energy-heat pump combined drying. The prerequisites and workflows for each working mode are described below:
(1)风能单独干燥模式：(1) Wind energy separate drying mode:
当阴天无阳光，且要求的干燥温度不高时(30℃～40℃)，可采用风能单独干燥模式，此时太阳能集热单元和空气源热泵单元不工作。通过控制器调节第一三通阀19和第二三通阀20，使烘干箱1的空气进入摩擦制热器10，吸收摩擦制热器10的热量后，再次进入烘干箱1中对物料进行干燥。When there is no sunshine on cloudy days and the required drying temperature is not high (30°C ~ 40°C), the wind energy alone drying mode can be used, and the solar heat collection unit and the air source heat pump unit do not work at this time. The first three-way valve 19 and the second three-way valve 20 are adjusted by the controller, so that the air in the drying box 1 enters the friction heater 10, and after absorbing the heat of the friction heater 10, it enters the drying box 1 again. The material is dried.
(2)太阳能单独干燥模式：(2) Solar drying mode alone:
此时，风能集热单元和空气源热泵单元都不工作，关闭第一三通阀19和第二三通阀20，使烘干箱1的空气不在风道内循环，具体又可分为以下两种情况：At this time, neither the wind energy heat collection unit nor the air source heat pump unit is working, and the first three-way valve 19 and the second three-way valve 20 are closed so that the air in the drying box 1 does not circulate in the air duct. Specifically, it can be divided into the following two ways: Cases:
a、太阳能直接干燥模式：当天气晴朗，太阳光辐射比较强时，可采用太阳能单独干燥模式，太阳光穿过烘干箱1四周和顶面的玻璃板入射到烘干架2上的物料上，定时开启排湿口4，将物料产生的湿气排出，同时，太阳能光伏板11只对蓄电池13进行充电，电热器14处于关闭状态。a. Solar direct drying mode: When the weather is fine and the solar radiation is relatively strong, solar energy alone drying mode can be used, and the sunlight passes through the glass plate around the drying box 1 and on the top surface and is incident on the material on the drying rack 2 , open the moisture discharge port 4 regularly to discharge the moisture generated by the material, at the same time, the solar photovoltaic panel 11 only charges the battery 13, and the electric heater 14 is in a closed state.
b、太阳能间接干燥模式：当太阳光辐射不强或无阳光时，而要求的干燥温度较高，太阳能直接干燥模式已不能满足要求，此时可通过控制充放电控制器12使电热器14工作产生热量，对物料进行干燥。b. Solar indirect drying mode: When the solar radiation is not strong or there is no sunlight, and the required drying temperature is high, the solar direct drying mode can no longer meet the requirements. At this time, the electric heater 14 can be operated by controlling the charge and discharge controller 12 Heat is generated to dry the material.
(3)热泵单独干燥模式：(3) heat pump drying mode alone:
当天气为阴雨天，完全没有太阳光辐射时，可采用热泵单独干燥模式。此时，风能集热单元和太阳能集热单元不工作，通过控制器调节第一三通阀19和第二三通阀20，使烘干箱1的空气依次通过蒸发器15和冷凝器17，蒸发器15吸收空气中的余热并去除其中的水分，降温降湿后的冷风进入冷凝器17，吸收冷凝器17的热量后变成高温热风，再次进入烘干箱1对物料进行干燥。在此工作模式下，不通过排湿口4排湿，只通过蒸发器15降温排湿，这样就将每次烘干的余热最大限度地进行了回收，实现封闭式热风循环。When the weather is cloudy and rainy and there is no solar radiation at all, the heat pump can be used to dry alone. At this time, the wind energy heat collection unit and the solar heat collection unit are not working, and the first three-way valve 19 and the second three-way valve 20 are adjusted by the controller so that the air in the drying box 1 passes through the evaporator 15 and the condenser 17 in sequence, The evaporator 15 absorbs the residual heat in the air and removes the moisture in it. The cold air after cooling down and dehumidification enters the condenser 17, absorbs the heat of the condenser 17 and becomes a high-temperature hot air, and enters the drying box 1 again to dry the material. In this working mode, instead of dehumidifying through the dehumidification port 4, the evaporator 15 is used to cool down and dehumidify, so that the waste heat of each drying is recovered to the maximum extent, and a closed hot air circulation is realized.
当太阳能单独干燥模式与热泵单独干燥模式都可以使用时，尽量使用太阳能单独干燥模式，因为太阳能单独干燥模式相对热泵单独干燥模式更省电。When both the solar drying mode and the heat pump drying mode can be used, try to use the solar drying mode, because the solar drying mode saves more power than the heat pump drying mode.
(4)风能-太阳能联合干燥模式：(4) Wind-solar combined drying mode:
当太阳光辐射不强，或者是多风天气，且要求的干燥温度较高时，可采用风能-太阳能联合干燥模式。此时，通过调节第一三通阀19和第二三通阀20，使烘干箱1的空气进入摩擦制热器10，烘干箱1内的空气不仅可以依靠太阳直接辐射获得热量，也可以通过摩擦制热器10和摩擦片9做功获得热量，当要求的干燥温度很高时，还可以同时开启电热器14，进一步增加热量来源。When the solar radiation is not strong, or the weather is windy, and the required drying temperature is high, the combined wind-solar drying mode can be used. At this time, by adjusting the first three-way valve 19 and the second three-way valve 20, the air in the drying box 1 enters the friction heater 10, and the air in the drying box 1 can not only rely on direct solar radiation to obtain heat, but also Heat can be obtained through the work performed by the friction heater 10 and the friction plate 9. When the required drying temperature is very high, the electric heater 14 can be turned on at the same time to further increase the heat source.
(5)太阳能-热泵联合干燥模式：(5) Solar-heat pump combined drying mode:
当太阳光辐射不强，或者是多云天气，且要求的干燥温度较高时，可采用太阳能-热泵联合干燥模式。此时，通过调节第一三通阀19和第二三通阀20，使烘干箱1流出的空气进入热泵机组的蒸发器15和冷凝器17，烘干箱1内的空气不仅可以依靠太阳直接辐射获得热量，也可以通过热泵压缩机16的做功获得热量。当要求的干燥温度很高时，还可以同时开启电热器14，进一步增加热量来源。When the solar radiation is not strong, or the weather is cloudy, and the required drying temperature is high, the solar-heat pump combined drying mode can be used. At this time, by adjusting the first three-way valve 19 and the second three-way valve 20, the air flowing out of the drying box 1 enters the evaporator 15 and the condenser 17 of the heat pump unit, and the air in the drying box 1 can not only rely on the sun The heat is obtained by direct radiation, or by the heat pump compressor 16 doing work. When the required drying temperature is very high, the electric heater 14 can also be turned on simultaneously to further increase the heat source.
本实用新型的多能互补烘干装置根据客观环境条件和干燥工艺要求，利用风力致热、太阳能发电以及热泵原理，实现风能单独干燥、太阳能单独干燥、热泵单独干燥、风能-太阳能联合干燥以及太阳能-热泵联合干燥这五种模式，在满足物料烘干所要求的干燥条件的前提下，最大限度地利用风能、太阳能和空气能等可再生清洁能源，为烘干箱提供热源，对于开发新能源、提高农副产品加工质量、促进循环经济和保护生态环境具有积极意义。According to the objective environmental conditions and drying process requirements, the multi-energy complementary drying device of the present utility model utilizes the principle of wind heating, solar power generation and heat pump to realize wind energy independent drying, solar energy independent drying, heat pump independent drying, wind energy-solar energy combined drying and solar energy drying. - The five modes of heat pump combined drying, on the premise of meeting the drying conditions required for material drying, maximize the use of renewable clean energy such as wind energy, solar energy and air energy to provide heat sources for the drying box, which is very important for the development of new energy It is of positive significance to improve the processing quality of agricultural and sideline products, promote circular economy and protect the ecological environment.
上述实施例只是为了说明本实用新型的技术构思及特点，其目的是在于让本领域内的普通技术人员能够了解本实用新型的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本实用新型的保护范围。凡是根据本实用新型内容的实质所做出的等效的变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present utility model, and its purpose is to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present utility model and implement it accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present utility model with this . All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the content of the utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106288754A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | One is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other drying unit |
| CN108812863A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-16 | 海宁欣源电子科技有限公司 | Edible mushroom drying device |
| CN110081667A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-02 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of system based on regulating temperature and humidity rapid draing containing wet stock |
| CN110463451A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-19 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | A kind of grain storage apparatus for melting gravity-flow ventilation and Driven by Solar Energy ventilation and being integrated |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106288754A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | One is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other drying unit |
| CN110081667A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-02 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of system based on regulating temperature and humidity rapid draing containing wet stock |
| CN110081667B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2020-06-12 | 华中科技大学 | System for quickly drying moisture-containing material based on temperature and humidity regulation |
| CN108812863A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-16 | 海宁欣源电子科技有限公司 | Edible mushroom drying device |
| CN110463451A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-19 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | A kind of grain storage apparatus for melting gravity-flow ventilation and Driven by Solar Energy ventilation and being integrated |
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