CN206158733U - Mechanical device suitable for nearly wireless short pass of drill bit transmission in pit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of near-drill wireless short transmission devices, in particular to a mechanical device suitable for underground near-drill wireless short transmission transmission. The mechanical device includes a drill connection housing and a screw connection housing both made of metal materials, and an insulating pup joint made of insulating material; the middle string of the drill connection housing and the screw connection housing Connect the insulating puppet to realize the electrical isolation between the drill bit connection housing and the screw connection housing, and the drill bit connection housing and the screw connection housing constitute the electromagnetic emission positive pole and the electromagnetic emission negative pole respectively; the mechanical device also includes A measurement unit for collecting near-drill measurement parameters and a data transmission unit for realizing wireless short transmission; the data transmission unit is used for receiving and transmitting the near-drill measurement parameters. The mechanical device of the utility model realizes the wireless short transmission of the measurement data near the drill bit downhole while not affecting the structural strength and sealing performance of the downhole drilling tool.

Description

A mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short-range transmission

technical field

The utility model mainly belongs to the technical field of a near-drill wireless short transmission device, and in particular relates to a mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short transmission transmission.

Background technique

In recent years, the use of horizontal wells to improve the drilling rate and recovery rate of oil and gas reservoirs has been widely used in various oil fields. The near-bit geosteering drilling system has the characteristics of real-time judgment of formation attributes, forward exploration of formations to be drilled, and accurate steering. It has It helps to improve the discovery rate of exploration wells, the drilling rate of development wells and the recovery rate of oil and gas fields.

Near-bit inclination measuring instrument, usually the near-bit inclination sensor is packaged at the front end of the deflection tool (downhole mud motor), and transmitted to the deflection tool (downhole mud motor) by wired or wireless transmission (ultrasonic, electromagnetic waves, etc.) ) in the conventional wireless measurement-while-drilling instrument (LWD/MWD) on the upper part, together with the data measured by the conventional wireless measurement-while-drilling instrument, are transmitted to the ground through wireless transmission methods such as hydraulic pulses or electromagnetic waves.

The real-time acquisition of near-bit well inclination parameters and gamma ray measurements will help field drilling engineers to grasp the drill bit trajectory and geological parameters during drilling, thereby improving oil drilling and recovery. How to transmit near-bit measurement parameters to the ground has become the key to restrict the development of this technology.

At present, the transmission of the measured parameters near the drill bit in domestic research is mostly carried out by means of buried screw cables, acoustic wave wireless transmission, and coil electromagnetic wave wireless transmission.

The screw buried cable belongs to the wired transmission structure: using the wired transmission method, the formation information near the drill bit measured by the sensor in the measuring sub is transmitted to the MWD system through the "cable", and the connection between the near-drill measuring sub and the receiving sub is established. Cable channel. However, these "cables" should be "buried" on every mechanical part between the measuring sub and the MWD system to establish a wired channel, that is, the cables need to be embedded in downhole drilling tools such as the measuring sub, receiving sub, and screw rod. A special screw is required for signal transmission, and at the same time, it needs to solve the problems of high-pressure sealing and reliable electrical connection at the threaded joint position, and the applicability is low.

Compared with the wired transmission method, the wireless transmission method does not need to make major changes to the structure of the downhole drilling tool when using the wireless transmission method, so the overall cost is low and the versatility is good, and it can be used for downhole small data transmission; but In the existing wireless transmission technology, there are also the following disadvantages:

Coil type electromagnetic wave wireless transmission: Electromagnetic wave transmission adopts electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving devices, that is, the coils are respectively wound on the transmitting and receiving ends of the drill collar, and then covered with insulating materials for protection, forming a wireless transmission device. This transmission method has high requirements on formation resistivity, and cannot meet the requirements of the screw transmission distance (about 10 meters).

Acoustic wireless transmission: The acoustic wave wireless transmission method uses transmitting and receiving transducers installed on the drill collar transmitting and receiving sub-sections respectively, and transmits signals through the acoustic characteristics of the transmitting and receiving transducers. However, the design of the transducer makes the mechanical structure of the launching nipple near the drill bit more complex, and the long-distance wireless transmission requires a greater transmission energy of the transducer, and it is very difficult to receive the signal due to the existence of the drill collar wave. The wireless short transmission of the signal through the screw.

Utility model content

In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a mechanical device suitable for underground near-drill wireless short-transmission transmission; the near-drill wireless short-transmission mechanical device adopts a mechanical structure in which an insulating short joint is connected in series, and the insulating short joint is connected to two The segmented metal short joints are connected by threads to form two poles of wireless transmission, and the wireless short transmission of the near-drill signal through the screw is realized by cooperating with the receiving short joints. This structure realizes the wireless short-pass transmission of downhole near-drill measurement data, and at the same time reduces the structural length to the greatest extent, and minimizes the influence of the near-drill measurement nipple on screw deflection.

The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short transmission transmission, the mechanical device includes a drill bit connecting shell and a screw connecting shell both made of metal materials, and also includes an insulating short joint made of insulating material; The insulating puppet is connected in series between the drill bit connection housing and the screw connection housing to realize electrical isolation, and the drill bit connection housing and the screw connection housing constitute the electromagnetic emission positive pole and the electromagnetic emission negative electrode;

The mechanical device also includes a measurement unit and a data transmission unit for realizing wireless short transmission; the data transmission unit is used to transmit the data obtained by the measurement unit;

The data transmission unit, the drill bit connection housing, the formation, the near-drill wireless short transmission receiving device, and the screw connection housing form a data transmission loop, thereby realizing the wireless short transmission of measurement data through the formation;

The data transmission unit includes a metal connector, a third electrical connection wire, a high-voltage sealed single-pin connector, a second electrical connection wire, a transmitting circuit unit, a first electrical connection wire and an electrical connection screw connected in sequence; the electrical connection The screw is connected with the drill bit connection housing.

Further, one end of the metal connector is connected to the surface of the screw connection housing, and the other end is connected to the third electrical connection wire inside the drill connection housing through the insulating nipple.

Further, the high-pressure sealed single-needle connector is fixed to the drill bit connection housing through a stopper.

Further, the stopper is a U-shaped groove structure, the high-pressure sealed connector is clamped in the U-shaped groove of the stopper, a gasket is installed between the stopper and the high-pressure sealed connector, and the stopper is fastened to the drill bit by screws Connect the case.

Further, the two ends of the insulating puppet are respectively integrally connected with the drill bit connection housing and the screw connection housing through non-detachable threads.

Further, one end of the mechanical device having a drill bit connection housing is connected to the drill bit, and one end of the mechanical device having a screw rod connection housing is connected to the screw rod.

Further, the mechanical device further includes a battery unit for providing power to the mechanical device.

Beneficial technical effects of the utility model:

(1) The mechanical device described in this utility model adopts the method of connecting high-strength insulating nipples in series for electrical isolation, which is different from acoustic wave transmission and electromagnetic wave transmission. The mechanical device described in this utility model does not affect the structural strength of downhole drilling tools It realizes the wireless short transmission of downhole near-drill measurement data while ensuring the tightness;

(2) Compared with the acoustic wave transmission and electromagnetic wave transmission, the structural method of series connection insulating short joints is simple, and at the same time, the structural length is reduced to the greatest extent, and the influence of the measuring short joint near the drill bit on the screw deflection is minimized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short-pass transmission according to the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the interface of the mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short-pass transmission described in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of block;

Fig. 4 is the assembly diagram of block;

Reference signs: 1. Drill bit connecting shell, 2. Electrical connecting screw, 3. First electrical connecting wire, 4. Sealing cover plate, 5. Emitting circuit unit, 6. Second electrical connecting wire, 7. Block, 8. High-voltage sealed single-pin connector, 9. The third electrical connecting wire, 10. Insulated nipple, 11. Metal connector, 12. Screw connection shell, 13. Battery unit, 14. The first measuring unit, 15. Second unit of measurement.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

On the contrary, the utility model covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and schemes made on the spirit and scope of the utility model defined by the claims. Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding of the utility model, some specific details are described in detail in the detailed description of the utility model below. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these detailed parts.

Example 1

A mechanical device suitable for wireless short transmission near a drill bit in the well, the mechanical device is suitable for wireless short transmission near the drill bit.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mechanical device includes a drill connection housing 1 and a screw connection housing 12 both made of metal materials, and also includes an insulating short joint 10 made of insulating material; the insulating short joint 10 is connected in series between the drill bit connection housing 1 and the screw connection housing 12 to realize electrical isolation. Emit negative electrode;

The mechanical device also includes a measurement unit and a data transmission unit for realizing wireless short transmission; the data transmission unit is used to transmit the data obtained by the measurement unit;

Wherein, the measurement unit includes a first measurement unit 14 and a second measurement unit 15, the first measurement unit 14 is specifically a gamma measurement unit, which adopts a gamma measurement probe to receive formation gamma rays, and distinguish formation oil and gas reservoir gamma Horse parameters; the second measurement unit 15 is a well inclination measurement unit, which is composed of an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor and a processing circuit, and is used to measure the inclination angle near the drill bit, the tool face angle and the azimuth angle in drilling. The two measurement units are located in two different cabins, and the measurement data of the two measurement units are transmitted to the data transmission unit through the through inclined holes and data lines between the cabins. The transmission circuit unit in the data transmission unit has 5 pairs of data Encoded to transmit.

The data transmitting unit, the drill bit connection housing 1 , the formation, the near-drill wireless short transmission receiving device, and the screw connection housing 12 form a data transmission loop. During data transmission, the data transmitting unit applies an excitation signal between the drill bit connection housing 1 (transmitting positive pole) and the screw connection housing 12 (transmitting negative pole). Since the drilling fluid and the formation are conductive, part of the excitation current from the positive electrode returns to the data transmitting unit through the drilling fluid and the screw connection housing 12 (this part of the signal cannot be received); Return to the data transmitting unit to form a data transmission loop to form wireless transmission and reception of signals. Wherein the near-drill wireless short transmission receiving device is used to receive the electrical signal transmitted by the data transmitting unit in the mechanical device of the wireless short transmission transmission of the present invention;

The two ends of the insulating nipple 10 are respectively integrally connected with the drill bit connection housing 1 and the screw connection housing 12 through non-detachable screw connections, so as to meet the high torsional strength and high sealing requirements of downhole drilling tools.

One end of the mechanical device having the drill bit connecting housing 1 is connected to the drill bit, and one end of the mechanical device having the screw rod connecting housing 12 is connected to the screw rod. The end of the drill bit connecting housing 1 is set as a female snap; the end of the screw connecting shell 12 is set as a male snap.

The data transmitting unit is used for transmitting the near-drill bit measurement parameter data. The data transmission unit includes a metal connector 11, a third electrical connection wire 9, a high-voltage sealed single-pin connector 8, a second electrical connection wire 6, a transmitting circuit unit 5, a first electrical connection wire 3 and an electrical connection connected in sequence. Screw 2; the electrical connection screw 2 is connected to the drill bit connection housing 1;

One end of the metal connector 11 is connected to the surface of the screw connection housing 12, and the other end passes through the insulating nipple 10 and is connected to the third electrical connection wire 9 located inside the drill connection housing 1; wherein The metal connector 11 is connected to the screw connection housing 12 by welding.

Wherein, the high-pressure sealed single-pin connector 8 is fixed to the drill bit connection housing 1 through a stopper 7 .

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the block 7 is a U-shaped groove structure, and the high-pressure sealed single-pin connector 8 is clamped in the U-shaped groove of the block 7, and the block 7 and the high-pressure sealed single-pin connector Gaskets are installed between 8; when the block 7 is installed on the drill bit connection shell, the pre-tightening is realized through the connection of the screw, the block and the inclined surface of the drill bit connection shell 1, and the block 7 is connected to the high-pressure sealed single-pin connector 8 Gaskets are installed between them, which can realize the pre-tightening of the high-pressure sealed single-pin connector while the stopper is pre-tightening.

In addition, the mechanical device also includes a battery unit 13 for providing power to the mechanical device.

The inside of the drill connection housing 1 of the mechanical device includes 4 compartments, which are used to install the transmitting circuit unit 5, the battery unit 13, the first measuring unit 14 and the second measuring unit respectively. unit 15; the four compartments are sealed by the sealing cover plate 4; and the compartment for installing the battery unit is provided with a through hole for supplying power to the units in other compartments.

Claims (7)

1. A mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short transmission transmission, characterized in that the mechanical device includes a drill bit connection housing (1) and a screw connection housing (12) both made of metal materials, and It includes an insulating short joint (10) made of insulating material; the insulating short joint (10) is connected in series between the drill bit connection housing (1) and the screw connection housing (12), for realizing Electrically isolated, the drill bit connection housing (1) and the screw connection housing (12) respectively constitute a positive pole of electromagnetic emission and a negative pole of electromagnetic emission; The mechanical device also includes a measurement unit and a data transmission unit for realizing wireless short transmission; the data transmission unit is used to transmit the data obtained by the measurement unit; The data transmission unit, the drill bit connection housing (1), the stratum, the near-drill wireless short transmission receiving device, and the screw connection housing (12) constitute a data transmission loop to realize the wireless short transmission of measurement data through the stratum ; The data transmission unit includes a metal connector (11), a third electrical connection line (9), a high-voltage sealed single-pin connector (8), a second electrical connection line (6), and a transmission circuit unit (5) connected in sequence . A first electrical connection wire (3) and an electrical connection screw (2); the electrical connection screw (2) is connected to the drill bit connection housing (1). 2. According to claim 1, a mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short transmission transmission, characterized in that one end of the metal connector (11) is connected to the surface of the screw connection housing (12) , and the other end passes through the insulating nipple (10) and is connected to the third electrical connection wire (9) inside the drill bit connection housing (1). 3. A mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short-transmission transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that the high-pressure sealed single-pin connector (8) is fixed to the drill bit through a stopper (7) shell (1). 4. According to claim 3, a mechanical device suitable for downhole wireless short transmission near the drill bit, characterized in that the stopper (7) is a U-shaped groove structure, and the high-pressure sealing connector (8) is clamped In the U-shaped groove of the stopper (7), a gasket is installed between the stopper (7) and the high-pressure sealing connector (8), and the stopper (7) is fastened to the drill bit connection housing (1) by screws. 5. According to claim 1, a mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short transmission transmission, characterized in that, the two ends of the insulating nipple (10) are respectively connected to the drill bit connection housing (1) and The screw connection housing (12) is integrally connected by non-detachable threads. 6. A mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short-transmission transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the mechanical device with the drill bit connection housing (1) is connected to the drill bit, and the mechanical device One end of the casing (12) having a screw rod connection is connected with the screw rod. 7. A mechanical device suitable for downhole near-drill wireless short transmission transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical device further includes a battery unit (13) for providing power to the mechanical device.