CN206149806U - No -tillage seeding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model mainly relates to a no-tillage seeder, which comprises a joint soil preparation system before sowing, a fertilization and seeding system, and a soil covering suppression system after sowing. The pre-sowing combined soil preparation system includes a rotary tiller and a stubble removal device, the fertilization and seeding system includes a ditch opener, a fertilizer box, a seeding device, and a fertilizer discharge device, and the post-sowing soil suppression system It mainly includes soil suppression device. The utility model provides a no-tillage seeder, which is powered by an agricultural tractor and only needs one field operation, so as to realize root stubble crushing, soil crushing before sowing, deep loosening of soil, flattening of seed beds, precise single-grain sowing, intermittent The one-time completion of multiple agricultural labor processes such as precise fertilization, soil covering and suppression.

Description

A no-till seeder

technical field

The utility model relates to a no-tillage machine, in particular to a no-tillage seeder which integrates land preparation and stubble removal before sowing, and sowing and fertilization.

Background technique

The common task facing mankind in the 21st century is to fully and rationally utilize and protect natural resources, especially water resources and land resources. Future agriculture must be agriculture that protects resources and the environment, maintains ecological balance, and develops sustainably. Soil is an important material basis for human survival and development, the most important component of terrestrial ecosystems and a place for material circulation and energy exchange. With the growth of population and the continuous deterioration of ecological environment, soil quality has seriously declined. In order to improve the living conditions of human beings, ensure the steady improvement of land productivity and the sustainable development of agriculture, future agricultural discoveries must be based on the premise of continuous improvement and improvement of soil quality.

No-tillage technology is a conservation tillage technology that uses a combined operation no-tillage seeder to complete multiple processes such as stubble cutting, ditching, fertilization, sowing, and soil covering on the front ground at one time. No-tillage technology can minimize the number of soil tillage, reduce the degree of soil compaction, protect and improve soil structure, reduce operating costs and increase farmers' income. At present, demonstration, promotion and application have been carried out in more than 10 provinces and regions including Shanxi, Hebei, and Inner Mongolia.

There are many arid and semi-arid areas in our country, and the development of agriculture in arid areas is an important part of agricultural development, and it is also the key to solving China's food problem. Northeast China is the main commercial grain base in my country. Due to drought, water shortage, soil erosion and sandstorms, the grain output is low and unstable. The development of dryland farming is the only way for the development of dryland agriculture. Traditional conventional plow farming has exacerbated soil erosion in arid and semi-arid regions. At present, there is an urgent need for mature technologies and key equipment (such as no-tillage seeders, stubble processors, chemical sprayers, water sprayers, etc.) suitable for dryland mechanized production in Dongbai dryland areas.

my country's no-tillage seeder has made great progress, but there are still many shortcomings: first, the work efficiency is low, and there is still a certain gap in the work speed compared with foreign models; secondly, the work effect is not ideal, and there is a need to work Imperfect component design, substandard precision, unreasonable assembly, etc. seriously affect the quality and efficiency of work. Finally, the promotion is seriously low. Due to the complex terrain in various parts of China, the promotion of no-tillage planters is severely restricted.

Conventional sowing methods require the use of different machines such as rotary tillers, plow slides, and fertilizing and seeding machines. It takes multiple operations to complete the work of pre-sowing soil preparation and fertilizing and sowing, which virtually increases labor intensity and planting costs. The combined operation machine with multiple functions can crush root stubble, crush soil before sowing, deep loose soil, three-dimensional full-layer fertilization, leveling and shaping seed beds, flat grain precision sowing, and soil suppression in one field operation. The agricultural work is completed at one time, saving the cost of planting and the amount of labor without reducing the operating links.

In recent years, my country has made great progress in the development of no-tillage equipment, but the research and development of no-tillage technology and supporting equipment suitable for the north is still far from meeting the needs. It is of great significance to strengthen the research on related machines and explore suitable no-tillage technology models. The popularization and application of no-tillage technology and its supporting equipment can not only achieve good economic benefits, but also better ecological and social benefits.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a no-tillage seeder, which can achieve root stubble crushing, soil crushing before sowing, deep loosening of soil, flat shaping of seed beds, precise single-grain sowing, intermittent and precise fertilization with a relatively simple structure. The one-time completion of multiple agricultural labor processes such as soil covering and suppression.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model proposes the following technical solutions: a no-tillage seeder, including a joint soil preparation system before sowing, a fertilization and seeding system, and a soil covering suppression system after sowing.

The combined soil preparation system before sowing includes a rotary tillage and crushing component, a frame, a left cutterhead shield, a gear box assembly, a stubble remover, a cutterhead and a right cutterhead shield. The gear box assembly is meshed and connected, the external shaft of the gearbox assembly is connected with the agricultural tractor, the cutter head is connected with the frame by threads, the stubble remover is connected with the cutter head with threads, and the stubble remover is provided with a left cutter head guard and a right Blade guard.

The fertilization and seeding system includes a ditch opener, a seed fertilizer guard, a seed fertilizer box, a seed discharge chain, a pedal, a seed meter, a fertilizer discharge device, an intermediate double sprocket, a double sprocket shaft, a sprocket guard and a fertilizer discharger. chain; the ditch opener is welded to the frame, a partition is arranged in the middle of the seed fertilizer box, and the seed fertilizer box is divided into a seed box and a fertilizer box, and the distance between the seed meter and the fertilizer discharger is fixed, which is the distance between sowing and fertilization.

The soil-covering suppression system after sowing includes a soil-covering suppressor sprocket cover, a soil-covering suppressor sprocket and a soil-covering suppressor; the soil-covering suppressor is connected with a frame spring.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The above-mentioned joint soil preparation system before sowing includes rotary tillage and soil breaking parts, a frame, a gear box assembly, a stubble remover, a cutter head, and a cutter head guard. The external shaft of the gear box assembly is connected with the agricultural tractor, and the rotary tillage and broken soil parts are engaged with the gears of the gear box assembly, and the process of breaking soil and loosening soil is completed by the forward driving of the agricultural tractor and its own rotary motion. The cutter head and the frame are screwed tightly connected, and the stubble remover and the cutter head are screwed tightly connected. The stubble remover and the cutter head rotate synchronously to complete the stubble removal function. collision.

The above fertilization and seeding system includes ditch opener, seed fertilizer guard, seed fertilizer box, seed discharge chain, pedal, seed meter, fertilizer discharge device, middle double sprocket, double sprocket shaft, sprocket guard, fertilizer discharge chain . The ditch opener is welded to the frame, a partition is arranged in the middle of the seed fertilizer box, and the seed fertilizer box is divided into a seed box and a fertilizer box, and the distance between the seed meter and the fertilizer discharger is fixed, which is the distance between sowing and fertilization. The middle double sprocket links the seeding chain and the fertilizer chain respectively, and transports the seeds and fertilizers to the seed metering device and the fertilizer device respectively, and realizes single-grain precise sowing and intermittent precise fertilization through the channels of the seed metering device and fertilizer device .

The above-mentioned soil-covering suppressing system after sowing includes a soil-covering suppressor sprocket cover, a soil-covering suppressor sprocket, and a soil-covering suppressor. The overburden suppressor is elastically connected to the frame spring, and the tightness of overburden suppression is controlled by adjusting the spring preload. The overburden suppression sprocket drives the overburden suppressor to rotate, and the sliding friction with the ground during overburden suppression is converted into rolling friction.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the front view of the utility model with the soil suppressor 13 removed, the soil suppressor chain cover 10 and the ditch opener 3 removed.

In the figure: Rotary tillage broken soil parts 1, frame 2, ditch opener 3, left cutter head shield 4, gear box assembly 5, seed fertilizer shield 6, seed fertilizer box 7, seed row chain 8, pedal 9 , Soil suppressor sprocket cover 10, seed metering device 11, fertilizer discharger 12, soil suppressor sprocket 13, soil suppressor 14, stubble remover 15, cutter head 16, middle double sprocket 17, double sprocket shaft 18, Sprocket guard 19 and fertilizer discharge chain 20, right cutter head guard 21.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are a kind of no-tillage seeder provided by the utility model, wherein: Fig. 1 is the overall view of the surface tillage seeder, and Fig. 2 is to remove the overburden suppressor 13, the overburden suppressor chain cover 10 and the ditch opener 3 front view. The no-tillage seeder of the utility model realizes root stubble crushing, crushing soil before sowing, deep loosening of soil, leveling and shaping of seed beds, precise single-grain sowing, intermittent precise fertilization, and soil covering suppression with a relatively simple structure. sex complete.

Further, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the circumscribed shaft of the gear box assembly 5 is connected with the agricultural tractor to provide power, driving the whole no-tillage seeder to move forward. The gear box assembly 5 is gear-connected with the rotary tillage and broken soil part 1, and drives the rotary tillage and broken soil part 1 to rotate, and completes the process of crushing and loosening soil.

Further, the ditch opener 3 is welded to the frame 2, and the ditch opening action of the ditch opener 3 is performed after the soil breaking action, and the ditch depth is determined by the actual needs of different types of seeds.

Further, as shown in Fig. 2 , the stubble remover 15 is screwed and fastened to the cutter head 16, and the cutter head 16 is threaded and fastened to the frame 2. The rotation of the cutter head 16 drives the stubble remover 15 to rotate accordingly to complete the stubble removal function.

Further, a dividing plate is arranged in the middle of the seed fertilizer box 7, and the seed fertilizer box is divided into a seed box and a fertilizer box. The middle double sprockets 17 are respectively connected to the seed row chain 8 and the fertilizer row chain, and the seeds and the fertilizer are respectively The distance between the seed meter 11 and the fertilizer discharger 12 is fixed, which is the distance between sowing and fertilization, so as to realize the functions of precise single-grain sowing and intermittent precise fertilization.

Further, the soil-covering suppressor 14 is elastically connected to the frame 2, and the tightness of the soil-covering suppression is controlled by adjusting the size of the spring pre-tightening force. The soil-covering suppressor sprocket 13 drives the soil-covering suppressor 14 to rotate, and the soil-covering suppressor 14 is rotated to suppress the soil-covering with The sliding friction of the ground is converted into rolling friction, thereby reducing the friction force during the no-tillage planter's travel.

Through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the utility model, all of which are within the protection scope of the utility model. Unfinished matters of the utility model belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of no-tillage seeding machine, it is characterised in that：Including broadcast front combined working soil system, fertilising with seeding system, broadcast rear earthing Suppression system；

Described broadcasts front combined working soil system including rotary tillage soil cracking member（1）, frame（2）, left cutterhead shield（4）, gear-box it is total Into（5）, stubble-cleaner（15）, cutterhead（16）With right cutterhead shield（21）, the rotary tillage soil cracking member（1）With gearbox assembly（5） Gear engagement connection, gearbox assembly（5）Outer spindle is connected with farm tractor, cutterhead（16）With frame（2）Screw threads for fastening connects Connect, stubble-cleaner（15）With cutterhead（16）Screw threads for fastening connects, stubble-cleaner（15）It is externally provided with left cutterhead shield（4）With right cutterhead shield （21）.

2. a kind of no-tillage seeding machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilising includes trench digging with seeding system Device（3）, seed manure shield（6）, seed-fertilizer box（7）, seeding chain（8）, pedal（9）, feed mechanism for seed（11）, fertilizer apparatus（12）, middle double-strand Wheel（17）, double-strand wheel shaft（18）, sprocket wheel shield（19）With fertilizer chain（20）；The plough（3）With frame（2）Welding, seed manure Case（7）Centre is provided with dividing plate, by seed-fertilizer box（7）It is divided into kind of case and fertilizer box, feed mechanism for seed（11）With fertilizer apparatus（12）Distance is fixed, is Sowing and the spacing applied fertilizer.

3. a kind of no-tillage seeding machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described broadcast rear suppression of soil system include cover Native land presser chain wheel cover（10）, roller sealer sprocket wheel（13）And roller sealer（14）；The roller sealer（14）With machine Frame（2）Spring connects.