CN206113000U - A fuel injector for gas turbine engine's combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a guide nozzle in the gas turbine combustor. A fuel injector for gas turbine engine's combustor which includes: the extension centerbody, extension perisporium, its around the Center bodily form become in order to inject the mainstream circuit between them, main supply of fuel and primary air supply, its head -end fluid with the mainstream circuit communicates, and guide nozzle. The guide nozzle can and include in the centerbody: inject the mixed pipe at the intramural axial elongation of centerbody, fuel port, its location is in order to be connected to secondary supply of fuel with every hybrid tube on mixing the pipe, and the secondary air supply, it is constructed and communicates with every inlet fluid who mixes the pipe. A plurality of mixed pipes can form to the slope mixes the pipe, and it is constructed and becomes to be used for to arouse vortex low reaches stream, and a plurality of mixed pipes can be for the mixed pipe of adverse grade simultaneously.

Description

For the fuel nozzle of the burner of gas-turbine unit

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to gas-turbine unit, and the hydrocarbon fuels that its burning mixes with air are to generate height Wet body stream, the high temperature gas flow drives the axle of turbo blade and rotary attachment to blade.More particularly but not with restriction Mode, the present invention relates to including the combustor fuel nozzle of guide nozzle, the guide nozzle pre-mixed fuel and air are obtaining Relatively low oxynitrides.

Background technology

Gas-turbine unit is widely used for generating power for various applications.Traditional gas-turbine unit includes pressure Contracting machine, burner and turbine.In typical gas-turbine unit, compressor provides the air of compression to burner.Into The air of burner and the mixed combining combustion of fuel.In the blade that combustion heat gas is discharged and flow into turbine from burner, to revolve Turn be connected to blade turbine axle.The mechanical energy of some of them rotary shaft drives compressor and/or other mechanical systems.

Because government regulation does not like the release in nitrogen oxides to air, thus seeks to be sent out them as gas turbine The yield of engine operation byproduct is maintained below tolerable levels.A scheme for meeting such regulation is from diffusion flame Burner moves to the burner using poor fuel and air mixture, and it reduces such as nitrogen using abundant compounding operation pattern The discharge of oxide (being generally denoted as NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO).These burners are diversely known as doing in the art Low NOx (DLN), dry low emission (DLE) or lean premix (LPM) combustion system.

The level of the nitrogen oxides that fuel-gas mixed influence is generated in the combustion heat gas of gas-turbine unit and Both performances of engine.Gas-turbine unit can introduce air and fuel using one or more fuel nozzles, with profit Fuel-air mixing in burner.Fuel nozzle can be located in the head end of burner, and may be configured to introducing will be with fuel The air stream of input mixing.Typically, each fuel nozzle can internally be supported by the centerbody positioned at fuel nozzle inner, and And guide member may be installed the downstream of centerbody.As for example in United States Patent (USP) NO.6,438,961, (its entirety is for all mesh Be incorporated by reference into herein) described in, so-called eddy current spraying nozzle (swozzle) may be mounted to that the outside of centerbody And positioned at the upstream of guide member.Eddy current spraying nozzle has the camber blades that annular flow passage is extended radially across from centerbody, combustion Material is introduced in annular flow passage from it and is entrained in the air stream by the blade turn of eddy current spraying nozzle.

The various parameters of the combustion process in description gas-turbine unit are interrelated with the generation of nitrogen oxides.Example Such as, the higher temperature in combustion zone is responsible for generating more substantial nitrogen oxides.Reducing a kind of mode of these temperature is By pre-mixed fuel-air mixture and reduce the ratio of the fuel to air of burning.As the fuel of burning is to air Ratio declines, and the amount of nitrogen oxides also declines.However, there is balance in the performance of gas-turbine unit.Because with combustion The fuel of burning declines to the ratio of air, there is the increase trend of the fray-out of flame of fuel nozzle, and therefore causes gas turbine The fluctuation of service of engine.The guide member of diffusion flame type has been used in the burner more preferable flame holding, but It is that do so increased NOx.Correspondingly, however it remains for the needs of the guide nozzle component for improving, the guide nozzle component Flame stabilization benefit is provided, while also reducing the NOx emission being generally associated with guide nozzle.

Utility model content

The application thus describe the fuel nozzle for gas-turbine unit.Fuel nozzle may include：Axial elongation Centerbody；The perisporium of axial elongation, it surrounds centerbody and is formed to limit main flow circuit (annulus) between them；It is main Fuel is supplied and primary air supply, and it is in fluid communication with the upstream end of main flow circuit；And guide nozzle.Guide nozzle can be formed In centerbody, it includes：The hybrid catheter of the intraparietal axial elongation in center is limited to, each hybrid catheter is through guiding Extend entrance that the upstream face of nozzle is limited and the outlet that formed through the downstream face of guide nozzle；Fuel port, its positioning Between the entrance of each hybrid catheter and outlet, for each hybrid catheter to be connected to into secondary fuel supply；And it is secondary Air supply, it is configured to the fluid communication with each hybrid catheter.Multiple hybrid catheters are formed as inclined mixing Conduit, it is configured for causing the vortex flow around central axis in its set effluent.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of exemplary gas turbine, and embodiments of the invention can be used in the exemplary gas turbine；

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of exemplary burner, and the exemplary burner for example can be used for the gas turbine illustrated in Fig. 1 In；

Fig. 3 includes the view of fragmentary perspective and partial cross, which depict exemplary burner nozzle of the invention；

Fig. 4 illustrates the more detailed sectional view of the burner nozzle of Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is showing along in Fig. 4 the side view of the point of view for being labeled as 5-5；

Fig. 6 includes the simplified side view of hybrid catheter, and the hybrid catheter can be used in guide nozzle；

Fig. 7 illustrates the simplified side view of alternative blended conduit, and the hybrid catheter has oblique structure of the invention；

Fig. 8 shows the sectional view for depicting exemplary guide nozzle, and there is the guide nozzle of the invention inclination to mix Close conduit；

Fig. 9 illustrates the side view of the inclination hybrid catheter of exemplary embodiment of the invention；

Figure 10 includes the perspective view of the hybrid catheter of Fig. 9；

Figure 11 illustrates the side view of the inclination hybrid catheter of alternative of the invention；

Figure 12 illustrates the side view of the inclination hybrid catheter of another alternative of the invention；

Figure 13 illustrates the side view of its cathetus hybrid catheter another embodiment combined with hybrid catheter is inclined；

Figure 14 includes the perspective view of the hybrid catheter of Figure 13；

Figure 15 shows the portal view of the hybrid catheter of Figure 13；

Figure 16 illustrates the outlet view of the hybrid catheter of Figure 13；

Figure 17 illustrates the side view of the another embodiment including anti-vortex spiral hybrid catheter of the invention；

Figure 18 includes the perspective view of the hybrid catheter of Figure 17；

Figure 19 illustrates the portal view of the hybrid catheter of Figure 17；

Figure 20 illustrates the outlet view of the hybrid catheter of Figure 17；

Figure 21 illustrates the outlet view of the alternative of hybrid catheter, and the hybrid catheter is included relative to discharge direction Outside component；

Figure 22 illustrates the outlet view of the alternative of hybrid catheter, and the hybrid catheter is included relative to discharge direction Inner side component；

Figure 23 schematically shows the result of the oriented flow analysis of the hybrid catheter with straight line or axial orientation；And

Figure 24 schematically shows the result of the oriented flow analysis of the hybrid catheter with tangential tilt orientation.

Specific embodiment

Aspects and advantages of the present invention are illustrated in the following description, or can become obvious by specification, or Can the acquistion by the enforcement of the present invention.Now with detailed reference to embodiments of the invention, one or more example is in accompanying drawing In illustrate.Detailed description using numeral mark to refer to accompanying drawing in feature.Same or analogous mark in drawing and description Note is used to refer to the same or analogous part of the embodiment of the present invention.

As it will be appreciated, each example is provided in the way of explaining the present invention rather than limiting the present invention.In fact, to this Be evident that for art personnel, can modify in the present invention or modification, without deviating from its scope or essence God.For example, the feature for illustrating as the part of one embodiment or describing can be used in another embodiment to produce another Embodiment.Therefore, the invention is intended to cover the such modification in the range of falling into claims and its equivalent and Modification.It should be understood that the scope mentioned in text and restriction include all subranges being located in the restriction of regulation, including the restriction sheet Body, unless otherwise stated.

In addition, having selected for some words to describe the present invention and its component subsystems and part.In possible scope Interior, these words have been based on the common term of technical field and select.Still it will be appreciated that such word is not generally easily by Same explanation.For example, the object for single part being referred to as in text may be considered to include multiple parts in other places, or Person, the object that multiple parts are believed to comprise in text may be considered as single part in other places.Understanding the present invention's During scope, not only it should be noted that used particular term, it should also be noted that subsidiary description and context and being cited and describing The structure of part, construction, function and/or use, including the word is related to the mode of some accompanying drawings, and certainly, term exists Accurately using in claims.In addition, although related to the turbogenerator of a certain type and introduce following example, But as correlative technology field ordinarily skilled artisan will understand that, the present invention technology be equally applicable to other types of turbine send out Motivation.

In view of the principle of turbine engine operation, multiple descriptive words can be used in the whole text in this application is started with explaining The running of machine and/or some subsystems being included in it or part, and these words are defined when this section starts may demonstrate,prove Bright is beneficial.Correspondingly, these words are defined as follows with them, unless otherwise indicated.Word " front " and " afterwards " are not having The direction relative to gas turbine orientation is referred to when further specifying that.That is, " front " refers to front end or the compressor end of engine, and " afterwards " rear end or the turbine end of engine are referred to.It will be understood that, each in these words may be used to indicate in-engine Mobile or relative position.Word " downstream " and " upstream " are used to indicating in particular catheter relative to moving through its substantially flowing Direction position (it will be understood that, these words show that this is any to this area in the normal operation period relative to the direction of expected stream Technical staff should be clearly obvious).Word " downstream " refers to flow of fluid through the direction of particular catheter, and " upstream " refers to opposite to that direction.Thus for example, through the main flow of the working fluid of turbogenerator, (it starts as movement Through the air of compressor, and subsequently become the burning gases in compressor with outside), can be described as be in towards compressor The upstream position of upstream or front end starts, and is terminating towards the downstream of turbine or the downstream position of rear end.It is common with regard to describing The direction of the stream in type of burner, as described in more detail below, it will be understood that compressor discharges air typically across punching Hit mouth and enter burner, the Striker towards burner rear end concentrate (relative to limit front end/rear end difference burner and The longitudinal axis of above-mentioned compressor/turbine positioning).Once in the burner, compressed air just by around inner chamber towards burner The stream circuit that formed of front end be oriented to, enter inner chamber in this air stream, and against its flow direction towards after burner Advance at end.In another situation, the coolant flow through cooling duct can be processed in the same manner.

Additionally, in view of around the compressor of center common axis line and the construction of turbine and for many burner types Common cylindrical configurations, can use in the text description relative to the word of the position of axis.In this respect, it will be understood that word " radial direction " refers to the movement perpendicular to axis or position.It is related to this, it may be required that to describe the relative distance from central axis. In the case of this, for example, if first component is located closer to central axis than second component, first component will be described as second " radially inner " of part or " inner side ".On the other hand, if first component is located further away from central axis than second component, the One part will be described as " radially outer " or " outside " of second component in the text.Additionally, as it will be appreciated, word " axial direction " Refer to the movement parallel to axis or position.Finally, word " circumference " refers to movement or the position around axis.Though as described, So these words can associatedly be applied with the common central axis of the compressor and turbine that extend through engine, but these Term can also associatedly be used with other parts of engine or subsystem.For example, common for many gas turbine machines Cylindrical burner in the case of, the longitudinal direction at the center of section shape is extended through to the axis of these word related meanings Central axis, the section shape is initially columned, but is transformed into more annular profile with its close turbine.

With reference to Fig. 1, if illustrating the simplification figure of the stem portion of combustion gas turbine systems 10.Turbine system 10 can be using liquid or gas Fluid fuel, such as natural gas and/or hydrogen enriched syngas, to run turbine system 10.As depicted, it is described more fully below Type multiple Fuel-air nozzles (or being referred to as in text " fuel nozzle 12 ") introduce fuel supply 14, by fuel with Air supply mixes, and fuel-air mixture is inducted in burner 16 for burning.The Fuel-air mixing of burning Thing forms the high pressure exhaust gases of heat, and it can be directed across turbine 18 towards air exit 20.As discharge gas is through whirlpool Wheel 18, gas forces one or more turbo blades to carry out rotary shaft 22 along the axis of turbine system 10.As shown, axle 22 May be connected to the various parts of turbine system 10, including compressor 24.Compressor 24 also includes may be coupled to the blade of axle 22.With Axle 22 to rotate, the blade in compressor 24 also rotates, so as to compress from air intlet 26 through compressor 24 and into combustion Air in material nozzle 12 and/or burner 16.Axle 22 is also connected to load 28, and it can be vehicle or stationary load, for example Generator or carry-on screw in power plant.As will be understood, may include can be by turbine system 10 for load 28 Rotation output is provided with any suitable means of power.

If Fig. 2 is the simplification figure of the sectional view of the stem portion of the combustion gas turbine systems 10 schematically described in Fig. 1.Such as exist Schematically show in Fig. 2, turbine system 10 is included in gas-turbine unit 10 in the head end 27 of burner 16 One or more fuel nozzles 12.Fuel nozzle 12 shown in each may include to integrate multiple fuel nozzles in a group And/or single fuel nozzle, the fuel nozzle 12 wherein shown in each is at least substantially or the overall internal structure that relies on is propped up Support (for example carrying fluid passage).With reference to Fig. 2, system 10 includes the compressor section 24 of the gas for the such as air that pressurizes, The gas is flowed in system 10 via air intlet 26.In operation, air enters turbine system 10 through air intlet 26, and And can be pressurized in compressor 24.It is understood that, although gas is referred to alternatively as in the text air, but the gas can be to be suitable to Arbitrary gas used in combustion gas turbine systems 10.The forced air discharged from compressor section 24 flows into combustor section 16 In, its multiple burner 16 being generally arranged in annular array with the axis around system 10 (is only illustrated in fig 1 and 2 One of them) it is characterized.Air into combustor section 16 mixes with fuel, and in the internal combustion of combustion chamber 32 of burner 16 Burn.For example, for the burning, discharge, fuel consumption and the power output that optimize, fuel nozzle 12 can be by fuel-air mixture Spurted in burner 16 with suitable fuel-air ratio.Burning generates the pressurized exhaust gas of heat, and it is then from each burning The stream of device 16 with drive system 10 and generates power to turbine 18 (Fig. 1).Hot gas drives one or more in turbine 18 Blade (not shown) is with rotary shaft 22, and therefore rotary compressor 24 and load 28.The rotation of axle 22 causes in compressor 24 Blade 30 rotates and sucks and pressurize the air that received by import 26.However, it should be readily understood that burner 16 need not be configured to It is as described above and herein shown, and generally can have allow that forced air mixes with fuel, burns and transmits To any configuration of the turbine 18 of system 10.

Turning now to Fig. 3 to 5, some aspects of the invention propose premixing guide nozzle 40 and (or simply " lead Guide nozzle 40 ") representative configuration.Guide nozzle 40 may include some hybrid catheters 41, formed therein that for combustion chamber 32 The fuel and air mixture of interior burning.Fig. 3 to 5 illustrates a kind of arrangement, and with its fuel and air guiding spray can be supplied to Some hybrid catheters 41 of mouth 40.Another such Fuel-air transmission structure is associatedly provided with Fig. 8, and should be managed Solution, other fuel and air supply arrangement be also possible, and these examples be not construed as it is restricted, unless Point out in appended claims.

As described in Fig. 3,4 and 5, hybrid catheter 41 can have the construction of straight line and axial direction.In this case, often Individual hybrid catheter 41 is configured so to, from its fluid stream in the central axis 36 parallel to fuel nozzle 12 or alternative On the direction that ground is orientated at least without the tangential tilt of the central axis 36 relative to fuel nozzle (or as used herein, bag Include " discharge direction ") discharge.As used herein, such hybrid catheter 41 is referred to alternatively as " axial backmixing conduit ".Correspondingly, axle Can be oriented such that it is basically parallel to the central axis of fuel nozzle 12 36 to hybrid catheter 41, or alternatively, axially mix Closing conduit 41 can be orientated to including the radial skew orientation relative to central axis 36, as long as hybrid catheter does not have tangential tilt Component.Other hybrid catheters 41 for being referred to as " inclination hybrid catheter " be may include into the tangential angled or inclined orientation, made It is each comfortable relative to discharging the mixed of fuel and air in the deflection of central axis 36 of fuel nozzle 12 or the direction of tangential tilt Compound.As described below, such construction can be used to form vortex pattern in combustion zone upon discharge, and its improvement is led Some aspect of performances of guide nozzle 40, and thus improve the performance of fuel nozzle 12.

As shown, fuel nozzle 12 may include the perisporium 50 of the axial elongation of the external envelope for limiting part.Fuel sprays The perisporium 50 of mouth 12 has outer surface and the dorsad outer surface and limits the inner surface of axial elongation inner chamber.As used herein, spray The central axis 36 of mouth 12 is defined as the central axis of fuel nozzle 12, and it is defined as in this example the center of perisporium 50 Axis.Fuel nozzle 12 can further include hollow axial elongation centerbody 52, and it is arranged on the cavity formed by perisporium 50 It is interior.In view of illustrating the arranged concentric between perisporium 50 and centerbody 52, central axis 36 can be common for each part. Centerbody 52 can axially be limited by the wall for defining upstream end and downstream.Primary air flow path 51 can be limited at perisporium In annular space between 50 and the outer surface of centerbody 52.

Fuel nozzle 12 can further include the middle air-fuel of the axial elongation that will be referred to as " central supply line 54 " in the text Material supply line, it extends through the center of centerbody 52.It is limited to stretching between the outer wall of central supply line 54 and centerbody 52 Long inner passage or secondary flow circuit 53 can axially extend from the forward position of neighbouring head end 27 towards guide nozzle 40.Center Supply line 54 similarly can axially extend between the head end of centerbody 52, and wherein it may pass through head end 27 and is formed and fuels sources The connection of (not shown).Central supply line 54 can have the downstream of the rear end of centrally disposed body 52, and can provide fuel Supply, it is finally injected in the hybrid catheter 41 of guide nozzle 40.

The main fuel supply of fuel nozzle 12 may pass through the combustion chamber 32 that multiple swirl vanes 56 are directed to burner 16, Swirl vane 56 can be as shown in Figure 3 the fixed blade for extending across main flow circuit 51.According to aspects of the present invention, it is vortexed leaf Piece 56 can limit the fuel nozzle of so-called " eddy current spraying nozzle " type, and plurality of blade 56 is between centerbody 52 and perisporium 50 Radially.As schematically shown in Fig. 3, each swirl vane 56 of eddy current spraying nozzle can be provided with internal fuel pipe 57, it is terminated in fuel injection orifice 58, and main fuel supply (its flowing is indicated by an arrow) is incorporated into from the fuel injection orifice 58 In being guided through the main air flow of main flow circuit 51.Because the main air flow is guided against swirl vane 56, thus is assigned Vortex pattern is given, its mixing as will be understood by those beneficial to air and fuel supply in main flow circuit 51.In swirl vane 56 downstream, the swirled air collected in stream circuit 51 and fuel supply can be before being discharged in combustion chamber 32 for burning Continue to mix.As used herein, when distinguishing with guide nozzle 40, main flow circuit 51 is referred to alternatively as " female nozzle ", and in main flow The fuel-air mixture collected in circuit 51 can be considered to originate from " female nozzle ".When being indicated using these, it will reason Solution, fuel nozzle 12 includes female nozzle and guide nozzle, and each in these is by single fuel and air mixture In spurting into combustion chamber.

Centerbody 52 can be described as including axially stacked section, and wherein guide nozzle 40 is centrally disposed body 52 Downstream or the axial section of rear end.According to shown exemplary embodiment, guide nozzle 40 is included around central supply line The fuel air chamber 64 that 54 downstream is arranged.As shown, fuel air chamber 64 can be via one or more fuel ports 61 with Heart supply line 54 is in fluid communication.Therefore, fuel can travel across supply line 54 and via the incoming fuel air chamber 64 of fuel port 61.Lead Guide nozzle 40 can further include annular center body wall 63, and it is radially outward arranged from fuel air chamber 64, and desirably phase It is concentric for central axis 36.

As stated, guide nozzle 40 may include the hollow hybrid catheter 41 of multiple axial elongations, and it is arranged on fuel The outside straight of air chamber 64.Guide nozzle 40 can axially be limited by upstream face 71 and downstream face 72.As shown, mixing is led Pipe 41 can extend axially through center body wall 63.Multiple fuel ports 75 can be formed in center body wall 63, for by fuel from Fuel air chamber 64 is fed in hybrid catheter 41.What each hybrid catheter 41 can be formed in the upstream face 71 through guide nozzle 40 Axially extend the outlet 66 that entrance 65 and the downstream face 72 through guide nozzle 40 are formed.So configured, air stream can It is directed in the entrance 65 of each hybrid catheter 41 from the secondary flow circuit 53 of centerbody 52.Each hybrid catheter 41 can have At least one fuel port 75 being in fluid communication with fuel air chamber 64 so that the The fuel stream left from fuel air chamber 64 is mixed into each In closing conduit 41.The fuel-air mixture of acquisition and then can downstream advance in each hybrid catheter 41, and and then can be from The outlet 66 formed through the downstream face 72 of guide nozzle 40 is spurted in combustion chamber 32.As it will be appreciated, in view of in Fig. 3 to 5 The linear structure and axial orientation of the hybrid catheter 41 of display, the fuel-air mixture from the discharge of outlet 66 is substantially parallel It is directed on the direction of the central axis 36 of fuel nozzle 12.Although Fuel-air after in combustion chamber 32 is injected into Mixture tends to from each hybrid catheter 41 radially spread, but applicant have discovered that radial diffusion is unconspicuous.Really It is real, study it has been shown that the section of the comburant pelvic outlet plane 44 positioned at the immediately downstream of the outlet 66 of each hybrid catheter 41 The equivalent proportion (that is, air-fuel ratio) at place can be almost in the comburant pelvic outlet plane 44 positioned at the immediately downstream of central axis 36 The twice of the equivalent proportion existed at section.High equivalent weight ratio at the position in the immediately downstream of the outlet 66 of each hybrid catheter 41 The fuel-air mixture through female nozzle can continuously and be effectively lighted, and thus can be used to stablize flame, even if flame exists Operate under the conditions of close fuel-lean blowout (" LOB ").

Fig. 6 and 7 includes simplified side view, and the single hybrid catheter 41 in its comparison guide nozzle 40 is relative to fuel nozzle The different orientation of 12 central axis 36 (that is, such as can be limited by perisporium 50).Fig. 6 illustrates the hybrid catheter with axial structure 41, it is the construction that above and Fig. 3 to 5 is associatedly discussed.As noted, hybrid catheter 41 is basically parallel to central axis 36 And arrange so that the fuel-air mixture discharged from its (that is, from outlet 66) has the central axis 36 with fuel nozzle 12 Downstream continue the direction (" discharge direction ") 80 of almost parallel discharge.

As shown in Figure 7, alternative of the invention, hybrid catheter 41 includes the tilt outlet of downstream end Section 79, it is tangentially at an angle of or inclines relative to the central axis 36 of fuel nozzle 12.Construct by this way, from outlet 66 fuel-air mixtures for flowing out have discharge direction 80, its from the tangential tilt orientation stretching of tilt outlet section 79 simultaneously Follow the orientation.As used herein, tilt outlet section 79 can be with it relative to (as used herein, its quilt of axial reference line 82 Be defined as parallel to the reference line of central axis 36) downstream direction formed tangential acute angle 81 associatedly limit.

As discussed in more detail below, the feature performance benefit of guide nozzle 40 can be by being configured to include by some hybrid catheters Such tilted alignment and realize.Typically, hybrid catheter 41 each can similarly be constructed and abreast arranged, although below more Some embodiments for discussing in detail include the exception to this.The journey that the tilt outlet section 79 of hybrid catheter 41 is tangentially at an angle of Degree, that is, be formed in cutting angle between discharge direction 80 and axial reference line 82 and 81 can vary in size.As it will be appreciated, tangential Angle 81 may depend on some standards.In addition, although result is probably numerically preferred at some, but may extend across and cut angle 81 Wide range numerical value and realize the expected performance benefit of various levels.Applicant has been able to determine some preferred embodiments, It is now to be disclosed.According to one embodiment, 81 scopes included between 10 ° and 70 ° that cut angle of hybrid catheter 41 are inclined. According to another embodiment, cut angle 81 scopes included between 20 ° and 55 °.

Although the simple version shown in Fig. 7 shows only one hybrid catheter 41, each hybrid catheter 41 can have There is similar construction, and relative to each other can abreast be orientated.When be angularly oriented be uniformly applied in be included in guiding spray Multiple hybrid catheters 41 in mouth 40 each when, it will be understood that the tangential orientation of discharge direction is under guide nozzle 40 The downstream straight in trip face 72 forms vortex flow.As by applicants have discovered that, the vortex flow can be used to realize some feature performance benefits, It will be described in greater detail below.According to an exemplary embodiment, can make the mixture discharged from hybrid catheter 41 with from Main flow circuit 51 (that is, in the case where main flow circuit 51 includes swirl vane 56) swirl-air mixture out is " altogether Rotation ".

As with some alternatives being provided below associatedly described in, hybrid catheter 41 may be configured in a number of ways Realize the tangential angled discharge direction 80.For example, it is included in the hybrid catheter 41 (such as Fig. 7) of the straightway of elbow connection Can be used to be at an angle of discharge direction.In other cases, as presented below, hybrid catheter 41 is flexible and/or spiral Ground shapes to realize desired discharge direction.In addition, straightway and bending or the combination of spiral section can be used, and allow mixing Any other geometry knot that the exit flow of conduit 41 is discharged under the triangular angular of the central axis 36 relative to main flow circuit 51 Structure.

Fig. 8 to 12 illustrate exemplary embodiment, and it includes the mixing with angled or oblique structure of the invention Conduit 41.Fig. 8 shows that the Exemplary helical for hybrid catheter 41 is constructed, and is further provided with to illustrate alternative preferred arrangement, The hybrid catheter 41 of guide nozzle 40 can be transferred to its fuel and air.In the case, outside fuel passage 85 is arranged It is connected in body wall 63 and from the upstream formed with fuel conductor 57 and axially extends at center, institute in fuel conductor 57 such as Fig. 3 and 4 Illustratively also to the supply of port 58 fuel of swirl vane 56.Thus, in view of the construction of Fig. 8, replaces fuel from relative to mixing Conduit 41 is located at the fuel air chamber of radially inner side and transmits, fuel passage 85 of the fuel from the outside straight for being arranged on hybrid catheter 41 Transmission.

As it will be appreciated, outside fuel passage 85 is formed as circular passage or is to be formed around the periphery of centerbody 52 Some separate catheters, with desirably consistent with the position of hybrid catheter 41.One or more fuel ports 75 be formed as by Outside fuel passage 85 is fluidly connected to each hybrid catheter 41.By this way, the upstream end of each hybrid catheter 41 can It is connected to fuels sources.As further shown, secondary flow circuit 53 can be formed in centerbody 53 and extend axially through it In, the supply of air is transferred to into each entrance 65 of hybrid catheter 41.Unlike the embodiment of Fig. 3 and 4, it will be understood that in The central supply line 54 being centrally located of heart body 52 is not used in fuel transmission to hybrid catheter 41.Nonetheless, it may include in Heart supply line 54 is providing fuel nozzle 12 or allow other fuel types.In any case, inner passage or secondary Stream circuit 53 is formed as elongated channel, and it is limited at the division center and centerbody of the such as outer surface of central supply line 54 Between the inner surface of wall 63.Other constructions are also possible.

Similar to the construction instructed in Fig. 7, each hybrid catheter 41 may include the central axis relative to fuel nozzle 12 The 36 tilt outlet sections 79 being tangentially at an angle of.By this way, the fuel-air mixture of hybrid catheter 41 is moved through Discharge direction 80 can similarly incline relative to the central axis 36 of fuel nozzle 12.According to the preferred embodiment of Fig. 8 to 10, Each hybrid catheter 41 includes transitting to the upstream linear section 86 of downstream helical segments 87, and downstream helical segments 87 are as indicated Ground bends around central axis 36.In one embodiment, fuel port 74 is located in upstream linear section 86, and downstream spiral Section 87 promotes the mixing of fuel and air, causes component to change direction in hybrid catheter 41.It has been found that the direction changes Secondary flow and turbulent flow are defined, its promotion moves through the mixing between Fuel-air therein so that the combustion of good mixing Material-air mixture is revealed with desired angled discharge direction from hybrid catheter 71.

According to preferred embodiment, the periphery around guide nozzle 40 provides multiple hybrid catheters 41.For example, ten and 15 Conduit between individual can be limited in center body wall 63.Hybrid catheter 41 can be separated with the circumferentially-spaced of rule.By inclining The discharge direction 80 that exit zone 79 is limited is configured so to, it and the whirlpool formed by swirl vane 56 in the main flow circuit 61 The direction of stream is unanimously or in equidirectional.More specifically, according to preferred embodiment, tilt outlet section 79 can with vortex leaf The identical side of piece 56 is angled up, to produce the stream around the turn in the same direction of central axis 36.

In fig. 11 provide another exemplary embodiment, it include for the whole mixing length of hybrid catheter 41 have it is curved The hybrid catheter 41 of bent helical configuration.As used herein, the mixing length of hybrid catheter 41 is in initial (i.e. most upstream) fuel Axial length between the position of mouth 75 and outlet 66.As it will be appreciated, each hybrid catheter 41 may include at least one fuel Mouth 75.According to alternative, each hybrid catheter 41 may include multiple fuel ports 75.Fuel port 75 can be along hybrid catheter 41 Mixing length be axially spaced.However, according to preferred embodiment, fuel port 75 is positioned towards the upstream end of hybrid catheter 41 Or concentrate, this causes fuel and air to collect very early so that more mixing can spurt into burning in combination stream from outlet 66 Occurred before in room 32.

According to another embodiment as shown in Figure 12, the sloping portion of hybrid catheter 41 can be confined to hybrid catheter 41 Only downstream section, it represents as shown the axial narrow length of neighbouring outlet 66.By the construction, still it is capable of achieving Beneficial result, since it is desirable that vortex pattern still can cause in the set effluent of hybrid catheter 41.However, mixing Fuel-air mixed-level in conduit 41 can be less than optimum.

Figure 13 to 16 illustrate further embodiment, and its cathetus and thread mixing conduit 41 are combined.Figure 13 and 14 is distinguished The side view and perspective view of preferred embodiment be shown, straight line axial direction hybrid catheter 41 (that is, extend parallel to central axis 36 that Can arrange together with hybrid catheter 41 is inclined in the center body wall 63 of nozzle 40 in like fashion a bit).As shown, incline mixed Closing conduit 41 can spirally form.As it will be appreciated, incline hybrid catheter 41 can construct to be formed with straight segments, it is at each section Between include bending or elbow, the example of such as Figure 12.As it will be appreciated, Figure 15 provides portal view, it shows axially and inclines Entrance 65 of the oblique hybrid catheter 41 on the upstream face 71 of guide nozzle 40.Figure 16 provides outlet view, its illustrate axially and The representative arrangement of outlet 66 of the inclined hybrid catheter road 41 on the downstream face 72 of guide nozzle 40.According to alternative enforcement Example, inclination hybrid catheter 41 may be configured to the vortex mixed corotation with female nozzle of main flow circuit 51, i.e., enclose in the same direction Around the turn of central axis 36.

Axial and inclined hybrid catheter both of which can be supplied by identical air and fuels sources.Alternatively, each is different The hybrid catheter of type can be supplied by different supply chargings so that arrive at the fuel of hybrid catheter and the level of air or It is significantly different or controllable.More specifically, as it will be appreciated, the Controllable Air and fuel of supplying its own for each catheter type Supply allows the flexibility in machine operation, and this can allow the adjustment or regulation of the indoor Fuel-air of burning or equivalent proportion.No With setting can be used for load or the operation level of all scopes, its as by applicants have discovered that as can send out there is provided solution The mode in the raw special attention field under different engine loading levels.

For example, in the ignition temperature turn down operation pattern relatively low relative to foundation load, CO is main discharge worry. In this case, equivalent proportion can be increased with increase cusp field temperature for improve CO after-flames.That is, lead because inclining mixing Pipe works and female nozzle reactant is sucked back into into nozzle tip, so the temperature at cusp field (i.e. the tip of nozzle) place can keep It is colder when such as Tab phenolphthaleinum pipe is not tangentially at an angle of.In some cases, this potentially contributes to the excess in burner discharge CO.However, by adding by addition axial backmixing conduit (as shown in Figure 13 to 16) or increasing axial momentum, then follow The amount of circulation can be changed, limits or control, and therefore be allowed for controlling the measure of cusp field temperature.Therefore, the method can Serve as when engine is operated with some patterns to improve the another mode of combustion characteristics and emission level.

According to other embodiments, such as present invention includes using traditional control system and method for manipulating two kinds not Air flow horizontal between the hybrid catheter of same type.According to one embodiment, the air of axial backmixing conduit 41 is risen to Flow to prevent the colder product from female nozzle to be sucked back in the cusp field of guide nozzle 40.This can be used to increase tip The temperature in area, it can reduce the level of CO.

In addition, burning dynamic can have with the shearing in reaction zone it is very strong interrelated.It is guided through by adjustment The amount of the air of each different types of hybrid catheter (i.e. inclined and axial), the amount of shearing can be adjusted to actively impact The level of burning.This can be complete to transmit uneven air capacity to different types of hybrid catheter by constructing flow measurement aperture Into.Alternatively, active control device can be mounted and be actuated via traditional method and system, to change the sky during operating Gas level of supply.Further, control logic and/or control backfeed loop can be formed so that the control response of device is in operation mould Formula or the operating parameter of measurement.As described above, this can cause to change according to the operator scheme of engine control setting, for example when When operating at full capacity or under reduction load level, or the operator's parameter readings to measuring respond.Such system The control method of same type is may also include in terms of the fuel quantity of supply to different type hybrid catheter is changed.This can be by pre- The part first arranged is constructed (i.e. port size etc.) or is completed by more initiative real-time control.As it will be appreciated, such as The operating parameter of the indoor temperature of burning, sound wave change, reactant flow pattern and/or the other parameters related to operation of combustors can It is used as the part of backfeed loop in such control system.

As it will be appreciated, the control method and system of these types could be applicable to the other embodiments discussed in text, bag Include be related in identical pilot burner combination have dissimilar construction or swirl direction hybrid catheter those (including for example with The anti-vortex embodiment that Figure 17 to 20 is associatedly discussed, or show that the subset of effluent conduit may be configured with including radial component Discharge direction mode Figure 21 and 22 embodiment) in any one.Additionally, the control method and system of these types can The other embodiments discussed suitable for text, have dissimilar construction or vortex side including the combination in identical guide nozzle is related to To hybrid catheter those (the anti-vortex embodiments for for example associatedly discussing with Figure 17 to 20) in any one.

In addition, such method and system can be applicable to wherein each hybrid catheter constructing in the same manner and parallel to each other The guide nozzle construction of ground arrangement.In these cases, control system is operable and control combustion process, by changing female nozzle Air and/or fuel between guide nozzle shunts to affect combustion characteristics.According to other embodiments, control method and system It is configured around the periphery of guide nozzle and unevenly changes fuel and/or air supply level, it for example can be used to beat Some flow patterns of breaking prevent harmful sound from occurring.Can try to be the first or adopt such measure in response to the exception for detecting.Fuel With the particular subset that air supply can for example be increased or decreased hybrid catheter.Can based on predetermined regular basis, in response to The operating parameter of measurement or other conditions and take this action.

Figure 17 to 20 illustrates other exemplary embodiment, wherein inclined hybrid catheter 41 has is limited to center body wall Anti- swirl formation in 63.Figure 17 and 18 is shown respectively the representative cloth of the anti-vortex spiral hybrid catheter 41 in center body wall 63 The side view put and perspective view.As it will be appreciated, Figure 19 provides the portal view of the conduit 40 that ignites, it is illustrated in guide nozzle 40 Upstream face 71 on anti-vortex spiral hybrid catheter 41 entrance 65 representative arrangement.Figure 20 provides going out for guide nozzle 40 Mouth view, it is preferred on the downstream face 72 of guide nozzle 40 that it illustrates that the outlet 66 of anti-vortex spiral hybrid catheter 41 may be arranged at Mode.As it will be appreciated, the addition of the anti-inclination hybrid catheter 41 that is vortexed can be used to control nozzle with ways discussed above Temperature at cusp field.Further, since by shearing is increased caused by anti-vortex directed stream, the anti-inclination hybrid catheter that is vortexed promotes point Bigger mixing in petiolarea, this is probably favourable for some operating conditions.

Figure 21 and 22 illustrates alternative, and wherein radial component is added to the discharge direction of hybrid catheter 41.Such as will Understand, Figure 21 illustrates the outlet view of the alternative of the hybrid catheter including the outside component to discharge direction.Conversely, Figure 22 illustrates the outlet view of the alternative of the hybrid catheter including the inner side component to discharge direction.In such ways, The inclination hybrid catheter of the present invention may be configured to have both radial component and tangential component in discharge direction.According to alternative reality Example is applied, hybrid catheter may be configured with discharge direction, the discharge direction has radial component but do not have circumferential component.Cause This, inner side and outer side radial component can be added to any one of axial and inclined hybrid catheter.According to exemplary enforcement The angle of example, inner side and/or outer radial component may include the scope between 0.1 ° and 20 °.As described above, radial component can quilt It is included in the subset of hybrid catheter, and thus can be used to manipulate the shearing effect of guide nozzle, advantageously controls recycling.

Figure 23 schematically shows the result of the oriented flow analysis of guide nozzle 40, and the guide nozzle 40 has to be included axially The axial backmixing conduit 41 of exit zone, and Figure 24 schematically shows the inclination hybrid catheter 41 with tilt outlet section The result of oriented flow analysis.As shown, axial backmixing conduit 41 can be reverse with what the vortex by caused by female nozzle was formed Stream is relative, and this can endanger flame holding and increase the possibility of fuel-lean blowout.Conversely, tilt outlet section may be configured to The vortex identical side formed in main burner or female nozzle guides reactant upward around the turn of fuel nozzle axis.As result refers to Go out, the vortex flow proves beneficial, because guide nozzle is cooperatively formed with female nozzle now and/or enhancing center is followed again Ring region.As shown, with incline the recirculation zone that be associated of hybrid catheter include it is notable much and the recycling more concentrated, its Cause for reactant to bring back to the outlet of fuel nozzle from further downstream position.As it will be appreciated, central recirculation zone is to be vortexed The basis of stable burning, because combustion product is sucked back into jet expansion and is introduced to fresh reactant, to guarantee that those are anti- Lighting for thing is answered, and thus continues the process.Therefore, incline hybrid catheter to can be used to improve recycling and thus further stablize Burning, this can be used to further can stably allow the lean fuel-air of relatively low level of NOx emission.In addition, as discussed , can allow the performance benefit related to CO emission levels with the guide nozzle for inclining hybrid catheter.This in fuel due to spraying The exit of mouth forms the enrichment circulation of local hot spots and realizes, the area is attached nozzle flame and allows further CO after-flames. In addition, can be by the way that the product and CO that generate during burning be mixed by the notable recycling for inclining hybrid catheter generation of the present invention Conjunction is returned in central recirculation zone and helps CO after-flames, so as to reduce the probability of CO unburneds effusion.

The written description uses examples to the description present invention, including optimal mode, and enables those skilled in the art real The present invention is applied, including is made and using any device or system and any method being incorporated to of execution.The patentability model of the present invention Enclose and be defined by the claims, and may include the other embodiments that those skilled in the art expect.Such other embodiments meaning Figure is intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims, if they include not having discrepant structural detail with the word language of claim, or Person is if they include the equivalent structural elements for having insubstantial difference with the word language of claim.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of fuel nozzle of the burner for gas-turbine unit, the fuel nozzle includes：

The centerbody of axial elongation；

The perisporium of axial elongation, it surrounds the centerbody and is formed to limit main flow circuit between them, wherein the perisporium Limit the central axis of the fuel nozzle；

Main fuel is supplied and primary air supply, and it is in fluid communication with the upstream end of the main flow circuit；And

Guide nozzle, it includes the downstream section of the centerbody, and the guide nozzle includes：

The hybrid catheter of the intraparietal axial elongation in center is limited to, each in the hybrid catheter is through the guiding Extend entrance that the upstream face of nozzle is limited and the outlet that formed through the downstream face of the guide nozzle；

Fuel port, it is positioned between the entrance of each in the hybrid catheter and the outlet, for will be described Each in hybrid catheter is connected to secondary fuel supply；And

Secondary air is supplied, and it is configured to the fluid communication with each in the hybrid catheter；

Wherein, the hybrid catheter includes multiple inclination hybrid catheters and multiple anti-obliquity hybrid catheters；

Wherein, the hybrid catheter that inclines is relative in the angled hybrid catheter of the central axis of the fuel nozzle Some, so as to cause downstream vortex flow in its set effluent；And

Wherein, the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter is relative to the angled hybrid catheter of the central axis of the fuel nozzle In some, so as in its set effluent relative to by the vortex flow that causes of inclination hybrid catheter Cause the anti-vortex flow in downstream.

2. fuel nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter sprays relative to the fuel The central axis of mouth is tangentially inclined, and the set effluent includes the combination from the plurality of inclination hybrid catheter Fuel and air effluent；And

The anti-obliquity hybrid catheter is tangentially inclined relative to the central axis of the fuel nozzle, and the set is discharged Thing includes the fuel and air effluent of the combination from the plurality of anti-obliquity hybrid catheter.

3. fuel nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity mix Each in conduit includes the central axis tangentially inclined discharge direction relative to the fuel nozzle；And

Wherein, it is described incline hybrid catheter be configured so that it is described set effluent the vortex flow with by the main flow ring It is vortexed on the vortex flow identical direction that the swirl vane in road causes.

4. fuel nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each in the hybrid catheter includes outlet area Section, it includes being located at the narrow downstream section in axial direction of the neighbouring hybrid catheter of the outlet, and the exit zone is limited and worn Cross central axis therein；

Wherein, the inclination hybrid catheter is configured so that the continuity of the central axis of the exit zone relative to the fuel The downstream of the central axis of nozzle continues tangentially discharges acute angle；And

Wherein, the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter is configured so that the continuity of the central axis of the exit zone relative to the combustion The downstream of the central axis of material nozzle continues tangentially discharges acute angle.

5. fuel nozzle according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the inclination hybrid catheter of the guide nozzle Each is relative to each other parallel, and the wherein described tangential discharge angle for inclining hybrid catheter includes the angle between 10 ° and 70 ° Degree；And

Wherein, in the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter of the guide nozzle each is relative to each other parallel and wherein described The tangential discharge angle of anti-obliquity hybrid catheter includes the angle between 10 ° and 70 °.

6. fuel nozzle according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the centerbody includes axially stacked section, its bag Include：Including secondary fuel supply and the front section of secondary air supply；With the rear section for being configured to the guide nozzle；

Wherein, the front section of the centerbody includes axially extending central supply line and linear around the central supply Into secondary flow circuit, the secondary flow circuit with formed towards the upstream end of the centerbody air-source connection connection Axially extend between the upstream face of portion and the guide nozzle；And

Wherein, the center body wall limits the outer wall of the centerbody and limits the outer boundaries of the secondary flow circuit.

7. fuel nozzle according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the main flow circuit includes eddy current spraying nozzle, and it includes：

Extend radially across multiple swirl vanes of the main flow circuit；And

Fuel channel, its fuel port for extending through the swirl vane to be formed through the outer surface of the swirl vane connects It is connected to fuel air chamber；

Wherein, the swirl vane relative to the central axis into crooked tangential orientation, for from its cause downstream stream with First party is vortexed upward around the central axis；

Wherein, the hybrid catheter and the fuel port of each in the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter of inclining is included for wearing The horizontal fuel port of opening spray fuel is crossed, the opening is formed through side wall, and the inclination hybrid catheter and described The fuel port of each in anti-obliquity hybrid catheter is located relative to the upstream position of the air stream for passing through.

8. fuel nozzle according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity mix Each in conduit includes multiple fuel ports, and wherein the plurality of fuel port towards relative to the air for passing through Concentrate the upstream of stream.

9. fuel nozzle according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity mix Each in conduit is configured to receive the air stream and the The fuel stream through the fuel port through the entrance, for by sky The mixture of air-flow and The fuel stream is discharged through the outlet, and the outlet is connected with the combustion chamber fluid of the burner；

Wherein, each inclined in hybrid catheter includes that the mixing being limited between upstream fuel mouth and the outlet is long Degree, and in the mixing length, each inclined in hybrid catheter includes segmented construction, and the segmented construction includes , to every side at junction surface, the junction surface changes for the inclination hybrid catheter label orientation for Upstream section and tract；And

Wherein, each in the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter includes the mixing being limited between upstream fuel mouth and the outlet Length, and in the mixing length, each in the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter includes segmented construction, the segmented construction Including every side of Upstream section and tract to junction surface, the junction surface changes for the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter label orientation Become.

10. fuel nozzle according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity are mixed Each closed in conduit includes that wherein described Upstream section is the construction that straight line and the tract bend.

11. fuel nozzles according to claim 9, it is characterised in that each in the inclination hybrid catheter includes For straight line and axially orientation and the tract bending and around the central axis of the fuel nozzle of wherein described Upstream section The construction for spirally being formed, and the length of wherein described upstream zone is lacking for the mixing length of the inclination hybrid catheter In half；And

Wherein, each in the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter includes that wherein described Upstream section is straight line and is axially orientated orientation And the construction that the tract bending and the central axis around the fuel nozzle are spirally formed, and wherein described upstream The length of section is fewer than half of the mixing length of the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter.

12. fuel nozzles according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity are mixed Each closed in the tangential discharge angle of conduit includes the angle between 20 ° and 55 °.

13. fuel nozzles according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the inclination hybrid catheter is configured so that described The vortex flow of set effluent is vortexed in said first direction, and the first direction is by the whirlpool by the main flow circuit The direction of the vortex downstream stream that stream blade is produced limits.

14. fuel nozzles according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the guide nozzle includes five and 25 Between the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter between five and 25；

Wherein, the inclination hybrid catheter is circumferentially spaced at regular intervals in the center body wall；

Wherein, the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter is circumferentially spaced at regular intervals in the center body wall；And

Wherein, it is the plurality of to incline the outer fix that hybrid catheter is located relative to the plurality of anti-obliquity hybrid catheter.

15. fuel nozzles according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the guide nozzle includes five and 25 Between the inclination hybrid catheter and the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter between five and 25；

Wherein, the inclination hybrid catheter is circumferentially spaced at regular intervals in the center body wall；

Wherein, the anti-obliquity hybrid catheter is circumferentially spaced at regular intervals in the center body wall；And

Wherein, it is the plurality of to incline the inner side that hybrid catheter is located relative to the plurality of anti-obliquity hybrid catheter.