CN206073482U - A kind of displacement air heat extractor of solar energy thermal-power-generating with many pocket surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, which comprises a heat absorbing carrier, a thermal insulation body and a metal container; The front end is open, and the front end is equipped with a solar energy gathering part. The metal container is provided with an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a light-absorbing cavity. The air inlet pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the metal container; The gathering part is connected, and the light-absorbing cavity is facing the opening direction of the solar energy projection; the heat-absorbing carrier is arranged in a metal container; The heater cavity is connected. The solar heat receiving surface of the utility model is arranged with several light-absorbing cavities with concave cavity surfaces, which can increase the contact area between the foam ceramic heat-absorbing carrier of the porous medium and the light-absorbing cavity, and improve the thermal conductivity; at the same time, the heat absorber can be reduced radiation heat loss.

Description

A volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of high-temperature air heat absorbers for solar thermal power generation, in particular to a volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation.

Background technique

In the field of solar thermal power generation technology, due to the low energy flow density of solar radiation resources, direct collection and utilization cannot be carried out. It is often necessary to gather a large area of solar energy into a heat absorber for photothermal conversion, so that heat absorption The working medium flowing in the device obtains heat energy, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium drives the thermoelectric conversion device to work, and then realizes the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy output.

The heat absorber is the core device of solar energy-working medium heat energy conversion, which has a significant impact on the operating efficiency of the entire solar thermal power plant. In order to effectively improve the efficiency of solar thermal power generation, it is generally by increasing the pressure and temperature of the air working medium, which requires the configured heat absorber to withstand high temperature and high pressure. Among the high-temperature solar air heat absorbers, volumetric air heat absorbers are widely used, which use three-dimensional porous media materials to form the base of the heat absorber structure, and absorb solar heat energy through the porous media materials, while the flowing air works The mass and the substrate directly conduct convective heat exchange, and then the air working medium obtains heat energy. This volumetric heat absorber has high requirements on the sealing performance of the heat absorber structure when it operates at high pressure. In addition, due to the huge density of solar light energy supplied by the concentrator and the uneven distribution of energy flow, it is easy to form a high temperature difference on the receiving surface of the heat absorber or the porous medium matrix inside the heat absorber, which may easily lead to the failure of the heat absorber. damage.

In terms of high-pressure operation of the volumetric air heat absorber, a sealed space is formed by installing a quartz window on the opening surface of the heat absorber. Although the operating pressure can be increased to a certain extent, the quartz window is easily damaged under the action of high temperature and pressure. Damaged, with limited sealing effectiveness. There is also a closed structure formed by dense porous dielectric material, such as proposed in the prior art (CN101307956 A) to use dense silicon carbide ceramics as a pressurized air chamber, the working pressure of this kind of air heat absorber can reach more than 1Mpa, but for It may be difficult to adapt to the high-pressure 8~10 Mpa operation. In the heat transfer process of the heat absorber, the receiving surface inside the heat absorber receives the solar light energy, and then relies on the porous medium carrier for heat conduction transfer, and the heat energy transfer during the flow of the air working medium. The temperature distribution of the porous medium carrier is Inhomogeneous, generally the temperature near the receiving surface is high, while the temperature at the outlet of the air working medium is low. The uneven temperature distribution inside the heat absorber easily leads to thermal ablation of the porous media material, and has a certain impact on the heat transfer efficiency of the internal air working medium. In order to effectively improve the uniformity of temperature distribution, the operating pressure and temperature of the air working medium of the heat absorber, it is necessary to propose a volumetric air heat absorber with a new structure.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a multi-cavity volumetric air heat absorber for solar thermal power generation, which can make the heat exchange capacity of the air heat absorber stronger and can produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas; Since the heat absorber is arranged with several light-absorbing cavities, the temperature distribution of the porous medium heat-absorbing carrier inside can be more uniform, and the operation reliability and thermal performance can be effectively improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, including a heat absorbing carrier, an insulating body and a metal container; its feature is that the insulating body is arranged on the outside of the metal container , the front end of the metal container is open, and the front end is provided with a solar energy gathering part, and the metal container is provided with an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, and a light-absorbing cavity, and the air inlet pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the metal container; the light-absorbing cavity is arranged in the inner cavity of the metal container Inside, it communicates with the solar energy gathering part, and the light-absorbing cavity faces the opening direction of sunlight energy projection; the heat-absorbing carrier is arranged in a metal container; the inner cavity of the metal container and the heat-absorbing carrier form a closed heat absorber cavity, The air outlet pipe communicates with the heat absorber cavity.

In the above-mentioned volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation, the solar energy concentrating part is a secondary concentrator, and the secondary concentrator is installed on the front end of the metal container, and the secondary concentrator An insulator is provided on the outside.

In the above-mentioned volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation, the front end surface of the metal container is a composite cavity that absorbs solar energy, and the surface of the composite cavity is uniform or according to the sunlight. According to the distribution situation, several light-absorbing cavities are arranged.

In the volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, the front end of the secondary concentrator is provided with a quartz window.

In the above-mentioned volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, the light-absorbing cavity is a cavity structure composed of a combination of a light-incoming section and a light-guiding section.

In the above-mentioned multi-cavity surface volumetric air absorber for solar thermal power generation, the metal container is made of materials such as high-temperature-resistant metal or high-temperature-resistant metal alloy.

In the above-mentioned volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, the heat absorbing carrier is silicon carbide foam ceramics with porous media, and the heat absorbing carrier is arranged at the front end of the inner cavity of the metal container, absorbing The heat carrier is closely attached to the surface of the light-absorbing cavity of the metal container; the front end of the light-absorbing cavity is welded to the front-end sealing plate.

In the above-mentioned volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation, the geometric shape of the light-absorbing cavity can be a cylindrical cavity, an inverted cone cavity or a combination cavity, and the combination cavity is made of an inverted cone structure combined with a cylindrical cavity.

In the volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, there is a gap between the front end surface of the metal container and the tail of the secondary concentrator.

In the above-mentioned volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, the heat-absorbing carrier in the metal container is composed of multiple sections, and a grid plate is arranged between two adjacent sections. Several circular holes are arranged on the grid plate.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model adopts a high-temperature-resistant metal container, so that the internal air working medium can work under relatively high pressure and high temperature conditions, which effectively improves the subsequent working ability of the working medium.

2. A number of light-absorbing cavities with concave cavity surfaces are arranged on the solar heat receiving surface of the utility model, so that the concentrated solar energy can be transmitted along the concave cavity surface, and the heat-absorbing carrier and light-absorbing capacity of the porous ceramic foam ceramics can be increased. The contact area of the cavity helps to improve thermal conductivity. Moreover, the surface of the concave cavity of the light-absorbing cavity is easy to form black cavity radiation, which helps to reduce the radiation heat loss of the heat absorber.

3. The utility model can optimize the position of the light-absorbing cavity in combination with the distribution of the concentrated solar energy, so that the temperature distribution inside the heat absorber can be made uniform; since the light-absorbing cavity is inserted inside the heat-absorbing carrier, it effectively improves the The thermal response effect of the heat-absorbing carrier also improves the temperature uniformity of the heat-absorbing carrier and effectively improves the heat transfer performance of the internal air working medium.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the metal container of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical light-absorbing cavity of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the light-absorbing cavity of the inverted cone cavity of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the light-absorbing cavity of the combined cavity of the present invention.

1—insulation body, 2—intake pipe, 3—metal shell, 4—grid plate, 5—intake pipe, 6—outlet pipe, 7—heat absorber cavity, 8—volume heat absorber, 9—light absorbing cavity Body, 10—secondary concentrator, 11—quartz window, 12—light entering section, 13—light guiding section, 14—front-end sealing plate, 15—composite cavity.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the utility model includes a secondary concentrator 10 for gathering solar energy, a heat absorbing carrier 5 , a thermal insulation body 1 and a metal container 3 forming a closed heat absorber cavity 7 . The front end of the metal container 3 is open, and the front end is connected to the rear end of the secondary concentrator 10 . The outer side of the metal container 3 and the secondary concentrator 10 is provided with a thermal insulation body 1 . The metal container 3 is provided with an air intake pipe 2, an air outlet pipe 6, a light-absorbing cavity 9 and a front end sealing plate 14, and the air intake pipe 2 communicates with the inner cavity of the metal container; the light-absorbing cavity 9 is arranged in the inner cavity of the metal container 3, and The secondary concentrator 10 is connected, the light-absorbing cavity 9 is facing the opening direction of sunlight energy projection, and the front end of the light-absorbing cavity 9 is welded to the front-end sealing plate 14 . The heat-absorbing carrier 5 is arranged inside the metal container 3 and is in close contact with the surface of the metal container 3 and the light-absorbing cavity 9 . The inner cavity of the metal container 3 and the heat-absorbing carrier 5 form a closed heat absorber cavity 7 , and the air outlet pipe ( 6 ) communicates with the heat absorber cavity 7 . The light-absorbing cavity 9 is composed of the light-incoming section 12 and the light-guiding section 13 to form a concave cavity structure, and the light-absorbing cavity 9 is evenly arranged along the surface of the front end of the metal container 3 to receive solar energy, for receiving and concentrating solar light energy, so that the solar light energy is reflected or diffusely reflected on the surface of the inner concave cavity of the light-absorbing cavity body 9 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the metal container 3 is made of materials such as stainless steel, tungsten and other high-temperature-resistant metals or high-temperature-resistant metal alloys, and the light-absorbing cavity 9 of the metal container 3 directly receives the parabolic dish concentrator. The light-absorbing cavity 9 is located on the front end of the metal container 3, and the light-absorbing cavity 9 faces the opening where the solar light energy is projected.

The heat-absorbing carrier 5 is silicon carbide foam ceramics with a porous medium, and the heat-absorbing carrier 5 is arranged in a closed heat-absorbing chamber 7, and the heat-absorbing carrier 5 and the metal container 3 absorb light during the forming process The surface of the cavity 9 is tightly bonded to enhance the thermal conductivity; the light-absorbing cavity 9 is welded to the front sealing plate 14 to form a closed container.

The front light inlet of the secondary concentrator 10 is equipped with a quartz window 11 to reduce the convective heat loss of the heat absorber; the heat preservation body 1 is wrapped around the metal container 3 and the exterior of the secondary concentrator 10 , reduce heat loss.

The heat-absorbing carrier 5 in the metal container 3 is composed of multiple sections, and a grid plate 4 is arranged between two adjacent sections, and a plurality of round holes are arranged on the grid plate 4, and the arrangement principle of the round holes is It is ensured that the flow heat exchange capacity of the air working medium in the metal container 3 is enhanced, so that the temperature of the air working medium is higher.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 2, its structure is similar to Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that the front end of the metal container 3 can also leave a gap L between the tail of the secondary concentrator 10, which ensures the performance of the front end surface of the metal container 3. The flow is evenly distributed.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 4, its structure is similar to embodiment 1, just replace the secondary concentrator 10 that is used to gather solar energy into the composite cavity 15 that is arranged in the metal container 3, on the curved surface of composite cavity 15 Several light-absorbing cavities 9 are arranged geometrically uniformly or according to the distribution of sunlight.

As shown in Figures 5-7, the geometric shape of the light-absorbing cavity 9 can be a cylindrical cavity, an inverted cone cavity and a combined cavity, and the combined cavity is formed by a combination of an inverted cone structure and a cylindrical cavity.

The utility model adopts a high-temperature-resistant metal container 3 to form a closed volume, so that the internal air working medium can work under relatively high pressure and high temperature conditions, and effectively improves the follow-up working ability of the working medium; A number of light-absorbing cavities 9 with concave cavity surfaces are arranged on the heat receiving surface, so that the concentrated solar energy can be transmitted along the concave cavity surface, and the contact between the porous ceramic foam heat-absorbing carrier 5 and the light-absorbing cavity 9 can be increased. area, which helps to improve thermal conductivity. And the surface of the concave cavity of the light-absorbing cavity 9 is easy to form black cavity radiation, which helps to reduce the radiation heat loss of the heat absorber; in addition, the position of the light-absorbing cavity 9 can be optimally arranged in combination with the distribution of concentrated solar energy, which can make The temperature distribution inside the utility model is uniform; since the light-absorbing cavity 9 is inserted inside the heat-absorbing carrier 5, the thermal response effect of the heat-absorbing carrier 5 is effectively improved, and the temperature uniformity of the heat-absorbing carrier 5 is also improved, effectively Improve the heat transfer performance of the internal air working medium.

Claims (10)

1. A volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation, comprising a heat absorbing carrier (5), an insulating body (1) and a metal container (3); it is characterized in that: the insulating body (1) is designed On the outside of the metal container (3), the front end of the metal container (3) is open, and the front end is provided with a solar energy gathering part, and the metal container (3) is provided with an air inlet pipe (2), an air outlet pipe (6) and a light absorption cavity ( 9), the air inlet pipe (2) communicates with the inner cavity of the metal container; the light-absorbing cavity (9) is set in the inner cavity of the metal container (3), communicates with the solar energy gathering part, and the light-absorbing cavity (9) faces the solar energy The projected opening direction; the heat absorbing carrier (5) is set in the metal container (3); the inner cavity of the metal container (3) and the heat absorbing carrier (5) form a closed heat absorber cavity (7), The air outlet pipe (6) communicates with the heat absorber cavity (7). 2. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solar energy gathering part is a secondary concentrator (10), and the secondary concentrator (10) Installed on the front end of the metal container, the outer side of the secondary concentrator (10) is provided with a thermal insulation body. 3. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end surface of the metal container (3) is a composite cavity ( 15), arranging several light-absorbing cavities (9) on the curved surface of the composite cavity (15) uniformly or according to the distribution of sunlight. 4. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front end of the secondary concentrator (10) is provided with a quartz window (11). 5. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light-absorbing cavity (9) is composed of a light-incoming section (12) and a light-guiding section (13) The cavity structure formed by combination. 6. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal container (3) is made of high temperature resistant metal or high temperature resistant metal alloy material become. 7. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surfaces for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-absorbing carrier (5) is silicon carbide foam ceramics with porous media, and the The heat-absorbing carrier (5) is arranged at the front end of the inner cavity of the metal container (3), and the heat-absorbing carrier (5) is closely attached to the surface of the light-absorbing cavity (9) of the metal container (3); the light-absorbing cavity (9) ) front end and front end sealing plate (14) are welded. 8. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the geometric shape of the light-absorbing cavity (9) can be a cylindrical cavity, an inverted cone cavity or Combination cavity, the combination cavity is composed of an inverted cone structure and a cylindrical cavity. 9. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front end surface of the metal container (3) and the secondary concentrator (10) There is a gap at the end. 10. The volumetric air heat absorber with multi-cavity surface for solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-absorbing carrier (5) in the metal container (3) is composed of multiple sections, corresponding to A grid plate (4) is arranged between two adjacent sections, and several round holes are arranged on the grid plate (4).