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CN206044709U - 一种自动复位的椎弓根钉 - Google Patents

一种自动复位的椎弓根钉 Download PDF

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CN206044709U
CN206044709U CN201620153627.5U CN201620153627U CN206044709U CN 206044709 U CN206044709 U CN 206044709U CN 201620153627 U CN201620153627 U CN 201620153627U CN 206044709 U CN206044709 U CN 206044709U
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薛妹妹
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A61B17/7064Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral facets; Tools therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • A61B17/7004Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods with a cross-section which varies along its length
    • A61B17/7005Parts of the longitudinal elements, e.g. their ends, being specially adapted to fit in the screw or hook heads
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7074Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A61B17/861Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
    • A61B17/862Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver at the periphery of the screw head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564Methods for bone or joint treatment

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种自动复位的椎弓根钉,包括连接器、球头钉和螺塞,连接器为一空心柱体,球头钉包括相互连接的球头和钉体,连接器两端分别设有上开口和下开口,螺塞安装在连接器上开口内,球头钉安装在连接器下开口内,钉体伸出连接器,所述的椎弓根钉还包括弹簧和压块,所述弹簧和压块安装在连接器内部,所述球头顶部呈平面状,所述弹簧安装在球头钉的上方,所述压块安装在弹簧上方,弹簧一端抵住压块,另一端抵住球头。本实用新型结构简单,使用方便,利用弹簧的弹性,使球头钉在活动后自动复位,不影响对椎体的支撑。

Description

一种自动复位的椎弓根钉
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种医疗器械,特别是脊椎内固定手术用的一种自动复位的椎弓根钉。
背景技术
椎弓根钉的应用,在近二十年来,逐步在国内流行起来,主要用途是在骨外科手术上,病人的腰椎间盘突出或腰椎管狭窄等疾病;手术时,先将坏死的腰椎间盘切除,填入融合物,再在相邻的腰椎中分别植入椎弓根钉,最后矫形棒装入连接器,被连接器的螺塞固定,相邻的腰椎就被植入钉和矫形棒连接在一起。此手术的好处是可以在强制性固定的情况下,让相邻的椎间融合,从根本上解决其病变部位。但从此亦带来另一个问题:被固定的腰椎失去了活动能力,不能够前后伸展,加重了邻近的椎间盘承受的压力,一段时间后,又产生新的病变。
针对这个问题,人们提出了各种微动态椎弓根钉,然而这些椎根弓钉在实际使用中,随着人体活动,球头钉与连接器会形成不同的角度,却不能良好的恢复到初始状态,这会给人体活动带来不便。
发明内容
针对上述提到的现有技术中的椎弓根钉不能自动复位这一问题,本实用新型提供了一种椎弓根钉的改进方案,利用弹簧的弹性对球头钉施加一个辅助力,解决此问题。
本实用新型解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是:一种自动复位的椎弓根钉,包括连接器、球头钉和螺塞,连接器为一空心柱体,球头钉包括相互连接的球头和钉体,连接器两端分别设有上开口和下开口,螺塞安装在连接器上开口内,球头钉安装在连接器下开口内,钉体伸出连接器,所述的椎弓根钉还包括弹簧和压块,所述弹簧和压块安装在连接器内部,所述球头顶部呈平面状,所述弹簧安装在球头钉的上方,所述压块安装在弹簧上方,弹簧一端抵住压块,另一端抵住球头。
本实用新型解决其技术问题采用的技术方案进一步还包括:
进一步地,所述弹簧为柱状弹簧,所述弹簧竖直安装在压块与球头之间。
进一步地,所述弹簧设有一个以上。
进一步地,所述弹簧的数量有两个以上时,所述弹簧呈圆周分布。
进一步地,所述压块面向球头的一面上设有盲孔,弹簧安装在盲孔内。
进一步地,所述球头顶部上设有盲孔,弹簧安装在盲孔内。
进一步地,所述压块面向球头的一面上设有凸台,所述凸台卡入弹簧内。
进一步地,所述球头顶部上设有凸台,所述凸台卡入弹簧内。
进一步地,所述球头顶部上设有多边形的工具孔。
本实用新型的有益效果是:通过对椎根弓钉的零件进行优化,帮助椎弓根钉的球头钉自动复位,而且必要时可以应临床需要与其他压块配合使用,组成多用椎弓根钉,拓展了椎根弓钉的用途。
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型做进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例一椎弓根钉的结构示意图;
图2为本实用新型实施例二椎弓根钉的结构示意图;
图3为本实用新型实施例二椎弓根钉的压块、弹簧和球头钉的结构示意图;
图4为本实用新型实施例二椎弓根钉的球头钉球头平面的俯视图;
1、螺塞,2、压块,3、矫形棒,4、弹簧,5、连接器,6、球头钉,21、凸台,22、压块盲孔,61、球头平面的盲孔,62、工具孔。
具体实施方式
本实用新型实施例一所述的椎弓根钉如图1所示,包括连接器5、球头钉6、螺塞1、弹簧4和压块2。连接器5为一空心柱体,两端分别设有上开口和下开口,螺塞1安装在连接器5上开口内,上开口内壁上设有安装螺塞的螺纹,压块2和弹簧4安装在连接器5里面,压块2安装在弹簧4上方。本实施例中弹簧4采用的是柱状弹簧,弹簧的数量为一个,弹簧4的大小和长度针对临床情况确定,在具体实施中,使用者还可以根据临床需要调整弹簧4的种类和数量。安装在下开口的球头钉6包括相互连接的球头和钉体,其球头卡接在下开口处,下开口处设有球面,与球头间隙配合,钉体伸出连接器。球头钉6的球头为一个半球,球头的顶部呈平面状,弹簧4竖直安装在球头顶部的平面,弹簧4一端抵住压块2,另一端抵住球头顶部。由于本实施例只使用一个弹簧,为了使受力均匀,弹簧4要安装在球头顶部的正中,因此,压块2上设有一个凸台21,凸台21卡入弹簧4一端内,球头顶部上设有一个盲孔61,弹簧4的另一端安装在盲孔61中,以固定弹簧4的位置,实际生产中可以根据弹簧数目、生产便利和实用需要,设置凸台和盲孔。球头的顶部还设有一个六角形的工具孔62,可以利用工具插入工具孔62中调节球头钉6的位置。连接器5上还设有一组U型槽,用于安装矫形棒3,U型槽采用常规的连接器中的安装矫形棒的U型槽结构。
使用前,球头钉6、弹簧4和压块2会预安装到连接器5内,球头钉6卡接在下开口处,弹簧4竖直安装在球头钉6的盲孔61中,压块2安装在弹簧4上,压块2的凸台21卡入弹簧4的另一端。全部椎弓根钉植入椎体后,将矫形棒3安装到连接器5上,将螺塞1安装到连接器5的上开口内,拧紧,固定住矫形棒3。使用中的椎弓根钉,球头钉6的角度会随着人体活动改变,但弹簧4会产生一个相对的作用力,使球头钉6复位。
实施例二如图2至4所示,本实施例中的弹簧4采用的是8个柱状弹簧,为使力度均匀,8个柱状弹簧呈圆周分布在压块2和球头顶部的平面之间。为了固定弹簧4的位置,压块2与面向球头的平面和球头顶部平面上,相对应地开设了与弹簧的数量大小相配合的盲孔22和61,弹簧4的一端安装在压块2的盲孔22中,另一端安装在球头顶部的盲孔61中。
使用前,球头钉6、弹簧4、压块2预安装在连接器5内,球头钉6安装在下开口,弹簧4压在球头上,装入盲孔61中,压块2安装在弹簧4上,弹簧4的另一端全部安装入压块2上的盲孔21。安装时,球头钉植入椎体后,将矫形棒3安装到连接器5上,将螺塞1安装到连接器5的上开口内,拧紧,固定住矫形棒3。
上述实施例为本实用新型优选实施方式,其他凡其原理和基本结构与本实施例相同或近似的,均在本实用新型保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种自动复位的椎弓根钉,包括连接器、球头钉和螺塞,连接器为一空心柱体,球头钉包括相互连接的球头和钉体,连接器一端为上开口,连接器的另一端为下开口,螺塞安装在连接器上开口内,球头钉安装在连接器下开口内,钉体伸出连接器,其特征在于,所述的椎弓根钉还包括弹簧和压块,所述弹簧和压块安装在连接器内部,所述球头顶部呈平面状,所述弹簧设置在球头钉的上方,所述压块设置在弹簧上方,弹簧一端抵住压块,另一端抵住球头;所述弹簧为柱状弹簧,所述弹簧竖直安装在压块与球头之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述弹簧的数量有两个以上时,所述弹簧呈圆周分布。
3.如权利要求1所述的椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述压块面向球头的一面上设有盲孔,弹簧安装在盲孔内。
4.如权利要求1所述的椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述球头顶部设有盲孔,弹簧安装在盲孔内。
5.如权利要求1所述的椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述压块面向球头的一面上设有凸台,所述凸台卡入弹簧内。
6.如权利要求1所述的椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述球头顶部设有凸台,所述凸台卡入弹簧内。
7.如权利要求1所述的椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所球头顶部设有多边形的工具孔。
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CN105534583A (zh) * 2016-02-02 2016-05-04 薛妹妹 一种自动复位的椎弓根钉
WO2019237216A1 (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-12-19 何伟义 一种带缓冲功能的低切迹微动态椎弓根钉
CN111329568A (zh) * 2020-04-03 2020-06-26 贵州医科大学附属医院 一种脊柱的柔性组合式固定装置

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CN108464859B (zh) * 2018-04-17 2024-06-11 大博医疗科技股份有限公司 一种动态反馈固定系统
CN110141344A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的柔性约束式椎弓根钉

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DE10320417A1 (de) * 2003-05-07 2004-12-02 Biedermann Motech Gmbh Dynamische Verankerungsvorrichtung und dynamische Stabilisierungseinrichtung für Knochen, insbesondere für Wirbel, mit einer derartigen Verankerungsvorrichtung
KR100589728B1 (ko) * 2004-02-09 2006-06-15 메딕스얼라인 주식회사 뼈 고정장치
CN202136405U (zh) * 2011-04-14 2012-02-08 北京市富乐科技开发有限公司 微增量支撑椎弓根钉
CN203539425U (zh) * 2013-09-29 2014-04-16 何静 椎弓根钉
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CN105534583A (zh) * 2016-02-02 2016-05-04 薛妹妹 一种自动复位的椎弓根钉

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105534583A (zh) * 2016-02-02 2016-05-04 薛妹妹 一种自动复位的椎弓根钉
WO2019237216A1 (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-12-19 何伟义 一种带缓冲功能的低切迹微动态椎弓根钉
CN111329568A (zh) * 2020-04-03 2020-06-26 贵州医科大学附属医院 一种脊柱的柔性组合式固定装置
CN111329568B (zh) * 2020-04-03 2023-04-11 贵州医科大学附属医院 一种脊柱的柔性组合式固定装置

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