CN206024220U - A kind of low-temperature plasma jet device - Google Patents
A kind of low-temperature plasma jet device Download PDFInfo
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- CN206024220U CN206024220U CN201620332765.XU CN201620332765U CN206024220U CN 206024220 U CN206024220 U CN 206024220U CN 201620332765 U CN201620332765 U CN 201620332765U CN 206024220 U CN206024220 U CN 206024220U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种低温等离子体射流装置，包括高压脉冲电源、金属软管和等离子体喷枪；内部包含高压导线和气管的金属软管由高压脉冲电源的面板引出，并与等离子体喷枪相连；高压脉冲电源外壳、金属软管以及金属材质的等离子体喷枪表面都与地线连接；等离子体喷枪内部包含绝缘芯、一端封闭的内绝缘管及外绝缘管，高压电极插入内绝缘管中；气体经过等离子体喷枪时，在高电压脉冲作用下，电离成等离子体并形成射流。本实用新型等离子体喷枪可直接手持，并通过金属软管较大的活动范围，用于不同的场合，比如皮肤的消毒灭菌、龋齿的处理、血液的凝固、伤口的愈合、皮肤病的治疗以及癌症治疗等临床医疗上，也可用于生物医用材料的表面处理。
The utility model discloses a low-temperature plasma jet device, which comprises a high-voltage pulse power supply, a metal hose and a plasma spray gun; the metal hose containing a high-voltage wire and a gas pipe inside is drawn out from a panel of the high-voltage pulse power supply and connected with the plasma spray gun The high-voltage pulse power supply shell, metal hose and the surface of the metal plasma spray gun are all connected to the ground wire; the plasma spray gun contains an insulating core, an inner insulating tube with one end closed and an outer insulating tube, and the high-voltage electrode is inserted into the inner insulating tube; When the gas passes through the plasma torch, under the action of high voltage pulse, it is ionized into plasma and forms a jet. The plasma spray gun of the utility model can be directly held, and can be used in different occasions through the large range of motion of the metal hose, such as skin disinfection and sterilization, treatment of dental caries, coagulation of blood, healing of wounds, and treatment of skin diseases As well as clinical medicine such as cancer treatment, it can also be used for surface treatment of biomedical materials.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于消毒灭菌及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种低温等离子体射流装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of disinfection and medical equipment, in particular to a low-temperature plasma jet device.
背景技术Background technique
低温等离子体是部分电离的气体，伴随多种物理化学效应，如光辐射、电磁场、带电粒子、高能电子以及电中性的活性粒子等等。等离子体与细胞作用时体现出多样的生物学效应，从而应用在多个领域，包括医疗器械的消毒灭菌、临床医疗、水/空气的净化、食品/包装材料的处理等等。Low-temperature plasma is a partially ionized gas accompanied by various physical and chemical effects, such as light radiation, electromagnetic field, charged particles, high-energy electrons, and electrically neutral active particles. When plasma interacts with cells, it exhibits a variety of biological effects, so it can be used in many fields, including disinfection and sterilization of medical devices, clinical medicine, water/air purification, food/packaging material processing, etc.
自1960s以来，低温等离子体对微生物的致死作用就被研究用于消毒灭菌。1990s，美国强生公司研发出商用的低气压过氧化氢等离子体灭菌器，并在医院得到迅速推广，用于一些精密医疗器械和特殊材料的低温快速灭菌。The lethal effect of low-temperature plasma on microorganisms has been studied for disinfection and sterilization since the 1960s. In the 1990s, Johnson & Johnson developed a commercial low-pressure hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilizer, which was quickly promoted in hospitals and used for low-temperature rapid sterilization of some precision medical instruments and special materials.
低气压等离子体的发生由于需要昂贵复杂的真空系统，限制了其应用。近年来，常压低温等离子体射流的灭菌效应及其在医疗上的其他应用，成为国内外研究的热点。这类等离子体反应器结构小巧、操作方便，且灭菌作用广谱高效快速，得到广泛应用。通过精确控制等离子体的特性，低温等离子体射流可直接作用于人体皮肤和组织，产生一门新的等离子体医疗技术，应用方向包括皮肤的消毒灭菌、龋齿的治疗、伤口的快速愈合、血液的快速凝固、皮肤病的治疗、细胞凋亡和癌症的治疗等等。低温等离子体射流也可用于生物医用材料的表面处理，以提高生物相容性。The generation of low-pressure plasma limits its application due to the need for expensive and complicated vacuum systems. In recent years, the sterilizing effect of atmospheric-pressure low-temperature plasma jet and its other applications in medical treatment have become a research hotspot at home and abroad. This kind of plasma reactor has compact structure, convenient operation, broad-spectrum, high-efficiency and rapid sterilization, and is widely used. By precisely controlling the characteristics of the plasma, the low-temperature plasma jet can directly act on the human skin and tissue to produce a new plasma medical technology. The application directions include skin disinfection and sterilization, dental caries treatment, rapid wound healing, blood rapid coagulation, skin disease treatment, apoptosis and cancer treatment and so on. Low-temperature plasma jets can also be used for surface treatment of biomedical materials to improve biocompatibility.
传统的低温等离子体射流装置，由于受内部结构限制，其所形成低温等离子体的发生效率一般较低且喷射长度也较短，在临床应用上存在一些缺陷，比如用于皮肤消毒时，往往需要较长时间以来回近距离扫描的方式来实现消毒处理。故如何实现低温等离子体射流的安全及高效发生，是研究中的难点。Due to the limitations of the internal structure of the traditional low-temperature plasma jet device, the generation efficiency of the low-temperature plasma formed by it is generally low and the spray length is also short. There are some defects in clinical applications. For example, when it is used for skin disinfection, it often needs For a long time, the disinfection process is realized by scanning back and forth at close range. Therefore, how to realize the safe and efficient generation of low-temperature plasma jet is a difficult point in research.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术所存在的上述技术问题，本实用新型提供了一种低温等离子体射流装置，能够使等离子体射流实现安全高效的发生，且喷射长度也较长。Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a low-temperature plasma jet device, which can realize safe and efficient generation of the plasma jet, and the jet length is also longer.
一种低温等离子体射流装置，包括高压脉冲电源和等离子体喷枪，所述的高压脉冲电源通过高压导线与等离子体喷枪连接，所述的等离子体喷枪通过气体软管外接气体储瓶；A low-temperature plasma jet device, comprising a high-voltage pulse power supply and a plasma spray gun, the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected to the plasma spray gun through a high-voltage wire, and the plasma spray gun is externally connected to a gas storage bottle through a gas hose;
所述的等离子体喷枪包括金属外壳、接于金属外壳底部的喷头、设于金属外壳内部的绝缘芯、外绝缘管以及高压电极；所述的绝缘芯内部开有倒锥形的扩口，所述的外绝缘管两端开口，其顶端从绝缘芯底部插入并与扩口连通，末端贯穿喷头后从等离子体喷枪底部延伸出一段距离；The plasma torch includes a metal shell, a spray head connected to the bottom of the metal shell, an insulating core inside the metal shell, an outer insulating tube and a high-voltage electrode; the inside of the insulating core has an inverted tapered flare, so Both ends of the outer insulating tube are open, the top end is inserted from the bottom of the insulating core and communicated with the flare, and the end extends a certain distance from the bottom of the plasma spray gun after penetrating the nozzle;
所述的高压电极贯穿绝缘芯且高压电极末端经扩口延伸至外绝缘管内，顶端与高压导线一端相连，高压导线另一端与高压脉冲电源输出端相连；高压电极末端套有内绝缘管，所述的内绝缘管一端封闭，另一端开口且开口端至扩口以上的绝缘芯中；The high-voltage electrode runs through the insulating core and the end of the high-voltage electrode extends into the outer insulating tube through the flare, the top end is connected to one end of the high-voltage wire, and the other end of the high-voltage wire is connected to the output end of the high-voltage pulse power supply; the end of the high-voltage electrode is covered with an inner insulating tube. One end of the inner insulating tube is closed, the other end is open and the open end reaches the insulating core above the flaring;
所述的气体软管一端与气体储瓶相连，另一端从绝缘芯顶部插入并导入所述的扩口内；使得气体通过内外两绝缘管之间的环隙经高压电极电离形成等离子体，并从外绝缘管末端喷出形成射流。One end of the gas hose is connected to the gas storage bottle, and the other end is inserted from the top of the insulating core and introduced into the flared opening; the gas passes through the annular gap between the inner and outer insulating tubes and is ionized by the high-voltage electrode to form plasma, and from the The end of the outer insulating tube is ejected to form a jet.
进一步地，所述高压脉冲电源的壳体表面设有电气参数模块和气体流量模块；所述的电气参数模块由一些关于电压、电流、频率、脉宽及功率的表计构成，所述的气体流量模块由一些关于气体流量及流速的表计构成。Further, the housing surface of the high-voltage pulse power supply is provided with an electrical parameter module and a gas flow module; the electrical parameter module is composed of meters related to voltage, current, frequency, pulse width and power, and the gas The flow module consists of meters for gas flow and velocity.
进一步地，所述的等离子体喷枪通过气体软管经气体流量模块外接气体储瓶。Further, the plasma spray gun is externally connected to the gas storage bottle through the gas flow module through the gas hose.
进一步地，所述高压脉冲电源与等离子体喷枪之间外露的高压导线和气体软管共同采用金属软管包裹。Further, the exposed high-voltage wires and gas hoses between the high-voltage pulse power supply and the plasma torch are wrapped with metal hoses.
进一步地，所述的高压导线表面带有绝缘层。Further, the surface of the high-voltage wire has an insulating layer.
进一步地，所述的金属外壳、金属软管以及高压脉冲电源的壳体均接地。Further, the metal casing, the metal hose and the housing of the high-voltage pulse power supply are all grounded.
进一步地，所述的绝缘芯与喷头之间具有一定距离，使得在金属外壳内行成一定大小的空腔。Further, there is a certain distance between the insulating core and the spray head, so that a cavity of a certain size is formed in the metal casing.
进一步地，所述的高压电极末端与喷头之间错开一段距离，使等离子体移动过程中的电动势和动能增大，产生的等离子体射流更长。Further, the distance between the end of the high-voltage electrode and the shower head is staggered, so that the electromotive force and kinetic energy during the moving process of the plasma are increased, and the generated plasma jet is longer.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型具有以下有益技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1)本实用新型高压电极封闭在一端封闭的绝缘管和绝缘芯内，电气风险小。(1) The high-voltage electrode of the utility model is enclosed in an insulating tube and an insulating core with one end closed, and the electrical risk is small.
(2)虽然本实用新型喷枪内部为数千伏高电压，但喷枪的金属外壳接地，可以直接手持，并且等离子体可触摸。(2) Although the interior of the spray gun of the present utility model has a high voltage of thousands of volts, the metal shell of the spray gun is grounded, can be directly held, and the plasma can be touched.
(3)本实用新型采用金属软管使装置有较大的活动范围，还可根据需要改变金属软管的长度，操作灵活。(3) The utility model adopts a metal hose to make the device have a larger range of motion, and the length of the metal hose can also be changed according to needs, so the operation is flexible.
(4)由于外绝缘管的存在，本实用新型使外绝缘管和内绝缘管环隙内的气体发生电离产生等离子体，且等离子体在外绝缘管内表面不断积累，等离子体射流的发生效率大大提高。(4) Due to the existence of the outer insulating tube, the utility model ionizes the gas in the annulus of the outer insulating tube and the inner insulating tube to generate plasma, and the plasma continuously accumulates on the inner surface of the outer insulating tube, and the generation efficiency of the plasma jet is greatly improved .
(5)本实用新型外绝缘管延伸出金属喷头以外一段距离，可避免沿面放电，等离子体射流更稳定。(5) The outer insulating tube of the utility model extends a certain distance beyond the metal nozzle, which can avoid discharge along the surface, and the plasma jet flow is more stable.
(6)本实用新型高压电极与接地喷头之间错开一段距离，使等离子体移动过程中的电动势和动能增大，产生的等离子体射流更长。(6) A certain distance is staggered between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding nozzle of the utility model, so that the electromotive force and kinetic energy during the plasma movement process are increased, and the generated plasma jet is longer.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型等离子体射流装置的整体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plasma jet device of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型等离子体喷枪的外观结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the plasma spray gun of the present invention.
图3为本实用新型等离子体喷枪的纵向剖面结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the plasma torch of the present invention.
其中：1.高压脉冲电源，2.气体流量模块，3.电气参数模块，4.金属软管，5.等离子体喷枪，6.喷头，7.金属圆筒外壳，8.绝缘芯，9.喷枪与金属软管的接头，10.带绝缘层的高压导线，11.塑料气体软管，12.外绝缘管，13.一端封闭的内绝缘管，14.高压电极。Among them: 1. High-voltage pulse power supply, 2. Gas flow module, 3. Electrical parameter module, 4. Metal hose, 5. Plasma spray gun, 6. Nozzle, 7. Metal cylinder shell, 8. Insulation core, 9. Spray gun and metal hose joint, 10. High-voltage wire with insulation layer, 11. Plastic gas hose, 12. Outer insulating tube, 13. Inner insulating tube with one end closed, 14. High-voltage electrode.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了更为具体地描述本实用新型，下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本实用新型的技术方案进行详细说明。In order to describe the utility model more specifically, the technical solutions of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1至图3所示，本实用新型等离子体射流装置主要包括高压脉冲电源1、金属软管4和等离子体喷枪5。高压脉冲电源1的面板上有气体流量模块2和电气参数模块3，此外还与金属软管4相连。金属软管4中包裹着带绝缘层的高压导线10和塑料气体软管11，高压导线10与高压脉冲电源1中的高压输出以及等离子体喷枪5中的高压电极14相连，塑料气体软管11与高压脉冲电源1中的气体流量模块2相连，并且插入等离子体喷枪5中的绝缘芯8中。金属软管4通过接头9与等离子体喷枪5中的金属圆筒外壳7相连，再通过螺纹与金属喷头6相连。绝缘芯8的轴心处有套在一端封闭的绝缘管13中的高压电极14，再套在一个直径较大的外绝缘管12内，外绝缘管12的另一端从金属喷头6穿出且延伸一段距离。气体软管11中的气体经一个倒锥形的气腔与外绝缘管12相连，气体流过外绝缘管12与绝缘管13之间的环隙后从外绝缘管12的端部喷出。高压电极14的末端与接地的金属喷头6之间错开了一段距离。高压脉冲电源1的机箱内可安装小型气体储瓶，也可由外置气体储瓶输入气体，储瓶中的气体通过气体控制模块2达到一定的流量和流速，经气体软管11和倒锥形气腔输送到外绝缘管12中。由于高压电极14与喷头6之间错开了一段距离，等离子体移动过程中的电动势和动能增大，产生的等离子体射流更长，可达5cm以上。外绝缘管12延伸出喷头6以外一段距离，可避免沿面放电，等离子体射流更加稳定。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the plasma jet device of the present invention mainly includes a high-voltage pulse power supply 1 , a metal hose 4 and a plasma spray gun 5 . A gas flow module 2 and an electrical parameter module 3 are arranged on the panel of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 , and are also connected to a metal hose 4 . The metal hose 4 is wrapped with a high-voltage wire 10 with an insulating layer and a plastic gas hose 11. The high-voltage wire 10 is connected to the high-voltage output in the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 and the high-voltage electrode 14 in the plasma spray gun 5. The plastic gas hose 11 It is connected with the gas flow module 2 in the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 and inserted into the insulating core 8 in the plasma torch 5 . The metal hose 4 is connected with the metal cylinder shell 7 in the plasma spray gun 5 through the joint 9, and then connected with the metal spray head 6 through threads. The axis of the insulating core 8 is provided with a high-voltage electrode 14 that is enclosed in an insulating tube 13 that is closed at one end, and is then placed in a larger diameter outer insulating tube 12. The other end of the outer insulating tube 12 passes through the metal nozzle 6 and Extend a distance. The gas in the gas hose 11 is connected to the outer insulating tube 12 through an inverted tapered air cavity, and the gas flows through the annular gap between the outer insulating tube 12 and the insulating tube 13 and then sprays out from the end of the outer insulating tube 12 . There is a distance between the end of the high voltage electrode 14 and the grounded metal shower head 6 . A small gas storage bottle can be installed in the chassis of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1, and gas can also be input from an external gas storage bottle. The gas in the storage bottle can reach a certain flow rate and flow rate through the gas control module 2. The air cavity feeds into the outer insulating tube 12 . Since the distance between the high-voltage electrode 14 and the shower head 6 is staggered, the electromotive force and kinetic energy during the plasma movement process increase, and the generated plasma jet is longer, up to 5 cm or more. The outer insulating tube 12 extends a certain distance outside the shower head 6, which can avoid surface discharge and make the plasma jet flow more stable.
本实用新型可基于不同的电气参数获得不同的效果，如脉冲电压、脉冲电流、脉冲频率、脉冲宽度、等离子体功率等等；也可通过不同的气体参数获得不同的效果，比如气体流量、气体流速、气体组分等等。不同的气体组分和不同的等离子体功率条件下，获得等离子体射流的温度存在差异。在临床医疗应用中，常采用惰性气体作为气源，比如氩气、氦气、氖气等等，或者在惰性气体中辅以一定比例的其他气体，这样产生的等离子体射流在常温或室温下，可以直接作用于人体，不会产生任何不适感。本实用新型低温等离子体射流装置的主要应用包括皮肤的消毒灭菌、伤口的快速愈合、血液的快速凝固、皮肤病的治疗、细胞凋亡和癌症的治疗等等。采用氧气、氢气、氮气等其他气体时，也可用于材料的表面处理。The utility model can obtain different effects based on different electrical parameters, such as pulse voltage, pulse current, pulse frequency, pulse width, plasma power, etc.; it can also obtain different effects through different gas parameters, such as gas flow, gas Flow rate, gas composition, etc. Under different gas components and different plasma power conditions, there are differences in the temperature of the plasma jet. In clinical medical applications, inert gas is often used as the gas source, such as argon, helium, neon, etc., or a certain proportion of other gases are added to the inert gas, so that the plasma jet generated in this way is stable at normal or room temperature. , can directly act on the human body without any discomfort. The main applications of the low-temperature plasma jet device of the utility model include disinfection and sterilization of skin, rapid healing of wounds, rapid coagulation of blood, treatment of skin diseases, treatment of cell apoptosis and cancer, and the like. When using oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and other gases, it can also be used for surface treatment of materials.
以下以具体实施例进一步说明本实用新型的技术方案及其技术效果。The technical solutions and technical effects of the utility model are further described below with specific examples.
实施例1：Example 1:
高压脉冲电源的输出电压为15kV，脉宽为1μs，脉冲频率为10kHz，氩气的流量为5L/min，从喷枪获得的等离子体射流长为3-5cm。将等离子体射流喷射在琼脂平板中心，平板上的金黄色葡萄球菌密度为103cfu/cm2，等离子体处理10s后，将琼脂平板过夜培养后观察，平板中心形成明显的圆形灭菌斑。The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 15kV, the pulse width is 1μs, the pulse frequency is 10kHz, the flow rate of argon gas is 5L/min, and the length of the plasma jet obtained from the spray gun is 3-5cm. Spray the plasma jet on the center of the agar plate. The density of Staphylococcus aureus on the plate is 10 3 cfu/cm 2 . After 10 seconds of plasma treatment, the agar plate is incubated overnight and observed, and an obvious circular sterilization spot is formed in the center of the plate. .
实施例2：Example 2:
高压脉冲电源的输出电压为10kV，脉宽为2μs，脉冲频率为20kHz，氩气的流量为5L/min，从喷枪获得的等离子体射流长为3-4cm。利用等离子体射流处理猪皮表面的密度为103cfu/cm2的金黄色葡萄球菌，等离子体处理10s后，猪皮表面的灭菌率达到100％。The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 10kV, the pulse width is 2μs, the pulse frequency is 20kHz, the flow rate of argon gas is 5L/min, and the length of the plasma jet obtained from the spray gun is 3-4cm. Staphylococcus aureus with a density of 10 3 cfu/cm 2 on the surface of pigskin was treated by plasma jet, and after 10 seconds of plasma treatment, the sterilization rate on the surface of pigskin reached 100%.
实施例3：Example 3:
高压脉冲电源的输出电压为5kV，脉宽为3μs，脉冲频率为20kHz，氦气的流量为5L/min，从喷枪获得的等离子体射流长为1-2cm。利用等离子体射流处理血液5s后，血液快速凝固。The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 5kV, the pulse width is 3μs, the pulse frequency is 20kHz, the flow rate of helium is 5L/min, and the length of the plasma jet obtained from the spray gun is 1-2cm. After the blood was treated with the plasma jet for 5 seconds, the blood coagulated rapidly.
实施例4：Example 4:
高压脉冲电源的输出电压为20kV，脉宽为3μs，脉冲频率为15kHz，氩气的流量为3L/min，从喷枪获得的等离子体射流长为5-10cm。利用等离子体射流处理体外的黑色素瘤细胞20s后，黑色素瘤细胞发生凋亡。The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 20kV, the pulse width is 3μs, the pulse frequency is 15kHz, the flow rate of argon gas is 3L/min, and the length of the plasma jet obtained from the spray gun is 5-10cm. After treating the melanoma cells in vitro with plasma jet for 20s, the melanoma cells undergo apoptosis.
实施例5：Example 5:
高压脉冲电源的输出电压为8kV，脉宽为1μs，脉冲频率为5kHz，氩气的流量为2L/min，从喷枪获得的等离子体射流长为3-5cm。利用等离子体射流处理体外的皮肤成纤维细胞20s后，细胞发生快速分化。The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 8kV, the pulse width is 1μs, the pulse frequency is 5kHz, the flow rate of argon gas is 2L/min, and the length of the plasma jet obtained from the spray gun is 3-5cm. After treatment of skin fibroblasts in vitro by plasma jet for 20s, the cells differentiated rapidly.
实施例6：Embodiment 6:
高压脉冲电源的输出电压为10kV，脉宽为5μs，脉冲频率为15kHz，氦气氧气混合气体的流量为5L/min，从喷枪获得的等离子体射流长为3-5cm。利用等离子体射流处理隐形眼镜表面后，水接触角下降，亲水性提高。The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply is 10kV, the pulse width is 5μs, the pulse frequency is 15kHz, the flow rate of helium-oxygen mixed gas is 5L/min, and the length of the plasma jet obtained from the spray gun is 3-5cm. After treating the contact lens surface with plasma jet, the water contact angle decreased and the hydrophilicity increased.
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于本技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本实用新型。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对上述实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本实用新型不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本实用新型的揭示，对于本实用新型做出的改进和修改都应该在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the utility model. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to the above embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the utility model should be within the protection scope of the utility model.
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