CN206012571U - Vehicle brake Brake energy recovery utilizes device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is that a kind of vehicle brake Brake energy recovery utilizes device.Include travelling gear (1), what electromagnetic clutch (2) was constituted be connected component and hydraulic pump/motor (3), three-position electromagnetic reversal valve (4), filter (5), overflow valve (6), hydraulic oil container (7), sequence valve (9), check valve (8), reversal valve (10), electrohydraulic proportional velocity regulating valve (11), accumulator (12), pressure gauge (13), pressure sensor (14), the electrichydraulic control component that single chip control unit ECU (15) is constituted.Wherein the axle of travelling gear is connected with the flange of electromagnetic clutch, another end flanges of electromagnetic clutch are connected with the main shaft of hydraulic pump/motor, the connection of the oil-in of hydraulic pump/motor, oil-out and three-position electromagnetic reversal valve, three-position electromagnetic reversal valve are connected with overflow valve (6), hydraulic oil container (7), sequence valve (9), check valve (8), electrohydraulic proportional velocity regulating valve (11) and accumulator (12) successively.

Description

Vehicle braking energy recovery device

1. Technical field

The utility model relates to a vehicle braking energy recycling device, which is used for urban public transport vehicles, and has particularly remarkable energy-saving and emission-reducing effects, and belongs to the technical field of electromechanical-hydraulic integration devices and transportation.

2. Background technology

With the increasing number of cars, many cities have a large traffic flow, causing traffic congestion and traffic jams are very common; moreover, due to the needs of entering/exiting buses in cities, cars need to often slow down (stop) , Stop, then start, accelerate, brake, start very frequently, so that the service life of the brake is greatly reduced, while the fuel consumption of the car increases. The goal of this design is to use modern mechanical-electrical-hydraulic integration technology to recycle and store the energy when the car brakes, and use the recovered energy as the power to drive the car when the car starts or accelerates. On the one hand, the energy of the car braking is fully utilized, which improves the fuel economy performance of the car and also improves the emission performance of the car; on the other hand, it can significantly increase the service life of the car brake.

3. Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a novel railway vehicle. The device uses a hydraulic pump/motor with reversible action to realize the conversion between the hydraulic energy in the accumulator and the kinetic energy of the vehicle, that is, when the vehicle is braked, the energy storage system will work the pump/motor as a pump, and the driving of the vehicle will The kinetic energy drives the hydraulic pump to rotate through the mechanical transmission, and presses the hydraulic oil into the accumulator to realize the conversion from kinetic energy to hydraulic energy; It is output from the accumulator to drive the motor to realize the transformation of hydraulic energy into vehicle kinetic energy. In the whole process, the single-chip control unit ECU collects the accelerator opening signal, the brake pedal force signal, the vehicle speed signal, and the hydraulic system oil pressure signal. After data calculation, the control signal is output to control the closing and breaking of the electromagnetic clutch and the three-position electromagnetic reversing valve. Open to make the pump/motor and accumulator work in an orderly manner. The device adopts single-chip microcomputer and electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve control technology, so it can automatically adjust the opening of the flow valve and make full use of energy under slow/emergency braking and slow/fast starting conditions; The signal controls the starting and unloading of the hydraulic pump and the combination and separation of the clutch in real time, so as to save energy to the greatest extent.

The composition structure of the present utility model is shown in Figure 1, including the transmission connection assembly composed of transmission gear (1), electromagnetic clutch (2), hydraulic pump/motor (3), three-position electromagnetic reversing valve (4), filter Device (5), overflow valve (6), hydraulic oil tank (7), one-way valve (8), sequence valve (9), two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (10), electro-hydraulic proportional speed control valve ( 11), an electro-hydraulic control assembly composed of an accumulator (12), a pressure gauge (13), a pressure sensor (14), and a single-chip microcomputer control unit ECU (15). The shaft of the transmission gear is connected to the flange of the electromagnetic clutch (2), the other end flange of the electromagnetic clutch is connected to the main shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor (3), and the hydraulic pump/motor (3) is sequentially connected to the three-position electromagnetic reversing valve (4), overflow valve (6), hydraulic oil tank (7), sequence valve (9), check valve (8), electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve (11) and accumulator (12) are connected.

The circuit of the hydraulic control system of the utility model adopts the design that the sequence valve (9) is connected in series with the check valve (8) and then connected in parallel with the check valve (8); energy recovery and energy release; the hydraulic circuit for energy recovery uses a one-way valve (8) connected to a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (10), while the hydraulic circuit for releasing energy uses a one-way valve (8) in series with a sequence valve ( 9) Connect with the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (10) again.

The single-chip microcomputer control unit ECU (15) in the above-mentioned electro-hydraulic control assembly is respectively connected with the electromagnetic clutch (2), the three-position electromagnetic reversing valve (4) and the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve (11), and is designed as a sequence valve (9 ) in series with the one-way valve (8) and then in parallel. A pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic circuit, and the output of the sensor is connected to the input of the single-chip microcomputer control unit ECU. The circuit connection is shown in Figure 2.

The working principle of the utility model is:

(1) Brake energy storage working condition: When the vehicle is braking, the single-chip control unit ECU performs data calculation according to the collected vehicle speed sensor signal and brake pedal strength signal, and then outputs a control signal to control the electromagnetic clutch, three-position The electromagnetic reversing valve is closed, and the opening of the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve is controlled in real time. Through mechanical connection and electromagnetic clutch, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is used to drive the hydraulic pump to rotate. The hydraulic oil is pressed into the accumulator through the three-position electromagnetic reversing valve and the pipeline. The accumulator converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into hydraulic energy and stores it. When the single-chip control unit ECU receives the signal that the accumulator has reached its maximum pressure, it disconnects the electromagnetic clutch and unloads the hydraulic pump at the same time. The purpose of using the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve is to reasonably adjust the hydraulic braking force under slow or emergency braking conditions, so that the device has a good energy storage and braking effect at various speeds, and satisfies the comfort of passengers. sexual demands.

(2) Starting energy release condition: When the vehicle starts or accelerates, the single-chip control unit ECU controls the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch, the three-position electromagnetic reversing valve and the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve according to the accelerator signal and the vehicle speed signal during the starting process At this time, the high-pressure oil in the accumulator drives the hydraulic motor to rotate through the oil circuit, and the hydraulic motor drives the clutch to output to the wheels to realize the recycling of braking energy and provide auxiliary power for vehicle starting. The opening degree of the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve is controlled in real time by a single-chip microcomputer, in order to meet the different requirements of the starting torque for the fast start and slow start of the vehicle.

The utility model is a comprehensive mechanical-electrical-hydraulic integration technology, a simple structure, and a convenient-to-use vehicle braking energy recovery and utilization device.

4. Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a vehicle braking energy recovery device, which consists of a transmission gear (1), an electromagnetic clutch (2), a hydraulic pump/motor (3), a three-position electromagnetic reversing valve (4), and a filter (5) , overflow valve (6), hydraulic oil tank (7), one-way valve (8), sequence valve (9), two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (10), electro-hydraulic proportional speed control valve (11), accumulator Energy device (12), pressure gauge (13), pressure sensor (14), single-chip microcomputer control unit ECU (15).

Figure 2 is a connection diagram of the functional modules of the single-chip microcomputer control unit.

Fig. 3 is an embodiment, that is, the connection diagram of the device and the vehicle power system, consisting of transmission gear (1), electromagnetic clutch (2), hydraulic pump/motor (3), hydraulic oil tank (7), accumulator (12), SCM control unit ECU (15), hydraulic circuit assembly (22), engine (24), coupling (25), transmission (26), vehicle speed sensor (27), wheels (28), coupling (29), Rear axle (30) forms.

5. Specific implementation

Example

The utility model is connected with the vehicle power system as shown in Figure 3, including a single-chip microcomputer control unit, a hydraulic pump/motor, a fuel tank, an accumulator and a hydraulic circuit assembly (23) (comprising a three-position electromagnetic reversing valve, an overflow valve , sequence valve, one-way valve, two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, electro-hydraulic proportional speed control valve, pressure sensor, pressure gauge) composed of electro-hydraulic control components and transmission gear (1) and electromagnetic clutch (2) Transmission connection components. The transmission gear (1) is connected to the gear in the vehicle engine transmission, the shaft of the transmission gear is connected to the flange of the electromagnetic clutch (2), and the other end flange of the electromagnetic clutch is connected to the main shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor (3). The oil outlet of the pump/motor is connected with the hydraulic circuit assembly (23) and the accumulator.

The design of the hydraulic circuit above adopts a single-chip computer to control the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve, and is designed in a way that the one-way valve and the sequence valve are connected in series and then connected in parallel. A pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic circuit, and the output of the sensor is connected to the input of the single-chip microcomputer. The connection of the functional modules of the single-chip microcomputer control unit is shown in Figure 2.

The accumulator adopts bladder type hydraulic accumulator, which has the characteristics of high power density and stable operation. The three-position electromagnetic reversing valve adopts three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the middle position function adopts M type. The single-chip microcomputer control unit uses AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the control core.

In the device release energy hydraulic circuit, the setting pressure of the sequence valve is set according to the minimum working pressure of the accumulator, in this embodiment, it is set to 0.5Mpa.

Taking urban public buses as an example, according to statistics, the speed is generally not high. The average speed of vehicles in urban areas is generally between 30km/h and 50km/h, and the average acceleration of a car starting is about 0.5m ² /s. Considering the actual load of the bus, the total mass of the bus is 16 tons and the parking time is 15 seconds for calculation.

At the initial stage of vehicle starting, most of the power is provided by the hydraulic motor, and when the pressure of the accumulator drops to a certain level, it is provided by the engine. The vehicle braking energy recovery system mainly has four key parameters: hydraulic pump/motor displacement V _m , accumulator initial volume V ₀ , accumulator minimum working pressure P ₁ , maximum working pressure P ₂ and so on. The selection and calculation of these four parameters are mainly based on the total mass of the vehicle and the braking conditions, and are calculated for the goal of improving the energy conversion rate. The total mass of the vehicle is 16 tons, and the parking time is 15 seconds for calculation. The result is: displacement V _m =200 ml/rev, initial volume of accumulator V ₀ =60 liters, minimum working pressure of accumulator P ₁ =1MPa, The maximum working pressure P ₂ =10MPa, the fuel saving rate in the starting condition of the vehicle reaches 30%, and at the same time reduces the load of the engine in the starting condition of the vehicle, which has a significant effect on improving the pollution emission when the vehicle starts.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of vehicle brake Brake energy recovery utilizes device, it is characterised in that include travelling gear (1), electromagnetic clutch (2) be connected component and the hydraulic pump/motor (3) that constitute, three-position electromagnetic reversal valve (4), filter (5), overflow valve (6), Hydraulic oil container (7), check valve (8), sequence valve (9), 2/2-way solenoid directional control valve (10), electrohydraulic proportional velocity regulating valve (11), storage The electrichydraulic control component that energy device (12), pressure gauge (13), pressure sensor (14), single chip control unit ECU (15) are constituted, its The axle of middle travelling gear is connected with the flange of electromagnetic clutch (2), another end flanges of electromagnetic clutch and hydraulic pump/motor (3) main shaft connection, hydraulic pump/motor (3) successively with three-position electromagnetic reversal valve (4), overflow valve (6), hydraulic oil container (7), suitable The connection of sequence valve (9), check valve (8), electrohydraulic proportional velocity regulating valve (11) and accumulator (12).

2. vehicle brake Brake energy recovery according to claim 1 utilizes device, it is characterised in that hydraulic control system Design in parallel with check valve (8) again after being connected with check valve (8) using sequence valve (9) in loop.

3. vehicle brake Brake energy recovery according to claim 1 utilizes device, it is characterised in that with ECU (15) respectively It is connected with electromagnetic clutch (2), three-position electromagnetic reversal valve (4) and electrohydraulic proportional velocity regulating valve (11).

4. vehicle brake Brake energy recovery according to claim 1 utilizes device, it is characterised in that with 2/2-way electricity Recovering energy and releasing energy for device realized by magnetic reversal valve (10).

5. vehicle brake Brake energy recovery according to claim 1 utilizes device, it is characterised in that the liquid for recovering energy Push back road to be connected with 2/2-way solenoid directional control valve (10) using check valve (8), and the hydraulic circuit for releasing energy is using unidirectional Valve (8) series sequence valve (9) is connected with 2/2-way solenoid directional control valve (10) again.