CN205872037U - A control system for electric vehicles - Google Patents
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- CN205872037U CN205872037U CN201620327619.8U CN201620327619U CN205872037U CN 205872037 U CN205872037 U CN 205872037U CN 201620327619 U CN201620327619 U CN 201620327619U CN 205872037 U CN205872037 U CN 205872037U
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 abstract description 57
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及涉及电动车驱动设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于电动车的控制系统。The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle driving equipment, and in particular to a control system for electric vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
纯电动车(电动三轮车、电动四轮车、观光车及乘用车)如今在城市或者农村使用非常广泛，但现有纯电动车中，存在蓄电池容量有限导致续驶里程不足的缺点，因此车主往往担心电量不足，需要及时充电。Pure electric vehicles (electric tricycles, electric four-wheelers, sightseeing cars and passenger cars) are widely used in cities or rural areas. However, existing pure electric vehicles have the disadvantage of insufficient battery capacity resulting in insufficient mileage. Therefore, car owners Often worried about insufficient power, need to charge in time.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述存在的技术问题，本发明提供了一种用于电动车的控制系统，具体的技术方案为:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a control system for electric vehicles, and the specific technical solutions are:
一种用于电动车的控制系统，包括控制器、电机控制器、电池管理系统和电池，所述控制器与电机控制器、电池管理系统相连，所述电机控制器与驱动电机相连，所述驱动电机通过减速器与驱动轴相连，所述电池管理系统与电池相连，所述控制器上设有挡位线，其特征在于：所述换挡模块包括纯电动挡模块、自动挡模式、强力挡模式,所述控制器通过挡位线与换挡模块连接，所述控制器还连接增程器，所述增程器与电池、驱动电机相连,所述控制系统按照如下步骤实现:A control system for an electric vehicle, comprising a controller, a motor controller, a battery management system and a battery, the controller is connected with the motor controller and the battery management system, the motor controller is connected with a driving motor, the The drive motor is connected to the drive shaft through a reducer, the battery management system is connected to the battery, and the controller is provided with a gear line. It is characterized in that: the shift module includes a pure electric gear module, automatic gear mode, strong Gear mode, the controller is connected to the shift module through the gear line, the controller is also connected to the range extender, the range extender is connected to the battery and the drive motor, and the control system is implemented according to the following steps:
纯电动挡模式；Pure electric mode;
当蓄电池剩余电量可以足够使车辆运行至目的地时，选择不启动增程器，整车以纯电动模式运行，到达目的地之后及时利用外部电源给整车蓄电池充电；When the remaining power of the battery is enough to drive the vehicle to the destination, choose not to start the range extender, the vehicle will run in pure electric mode, and use the external power supply to charge the battery of the vehicle in time after arriving at the destination;
自动挡模式；automatic mode;
根据控制器设定的蓄电池过欠压保护值，进行启动或停止工作；以避免蓄电池过放电或过充电；According to the battery overvoltage and undervoltage protection value set by the controller, start or stop the work; to avoid overdischarge or overcharge of the battery;
当车辆运行电压下降至控制器设定的启动值时，增程器会自动启动，为车辆提供电源；When the operating voltage of the vehicle drops to the starting value set by the controller, the range extender will automatically start to provide power for the vehicle;
如果驱动电流小于增程器最大输出电流，增程器输出电流随车辆驱动电流变化而变化，而当车辆减速或临时停车时增程器会根据蓄电池的剩余电量调整其增程器的输出电流，同时增程器汽油机油门也随增程器输出电流变化而调整，起到节能降耗的目的；If the driving current is less than the maximum output current of the range extender, the output current of the range extender will change with the driving current of the vehicle, and the range extender will adjust the output current of the range extender according to the remaining power of the battery when the vehicle decelerates or stops temporarily. At the same time, the throttle of the gasoline engine of the range extender is also adjusted according to the change of the output current of the range extender, so as to save energy and reduce consumption;
如果整车驱动电流大于或等于增程器的最大输出电流，则增程器会长期工作在最大输出电流值；待电池充满电，蓄电池电压达到其设定的增程器熄火电压时，增程器自动熄火，停止工作；If the driving current of the whole vehicle is greater than or equal to the maximum output current of the range extender, the range extender will work at the maximum output current value for a long time; when the battery is fully charged and the battery voltage reaches the set range extender flameout voltage, the range extender The device automatically turns off and stops working;
强力挡模式；Strong block mode;
切换到此模式，增程器立即启动，补充整车所需要的电能；最大限度的提高车速、承载及爬坡能力；Switch to this mode, the range extender starts immediately to supplement the electric energy needed by the vehicle; maximize the vehicle speed, carrying capacity and climbing ability;
所述增程器包括底座和增程器本体，所述增程器本体设置在底座上面，所述增程器本体包括发动机、发电机、散热器、联轴器、燃油箱、火花塞、风扇罩、空滤器，所述发动机和发电机通过联轴器连接，所述散热器、燃油箱与发动机管路连接，所述底座下方连接有一支撑架，所述支撑架周侧设置有减震器，所述减震器包括平行设置的一对弯折板，所述弯折板的外侧部之间设置有弹性胶垫，所述一对弯折板中，位于上部的弯折板设置有向上锁紧增程器的锁紧螺栓，位于下部的弯折板设置有向下锁紧支撑架的锁紧螺栓。The range extender includes a base and a range extender body, the range extender body is arranged on the base, and the range extender body includes an engine, a generator, a radiator, a coupling, a fuel tank, a spark plug, and a fan cover , the air filter, the engine and the generator are connected through a coupling, the radiator and the fuel tank are connected to the engine pipeline, a support frame is connected under the base, and a shock absorber is arranged around the support frame, The shock absorber includes a pair of bent plates arranged in parallel, an elastic rubber pad is arranged between the outer parts of the bent plates, and among the pair of bent plates, the upper bent plate is provided with an upward lock Tighten the locking bolt of the range extender, and the lower bent plate is provided with a locking bolt for locking the support frame downward.
进一步的说：所述弯折板弯折角度为120～145°。Further, the bending angle of the bending plate is 120-145°.
本发明与现有技术相比所取得的技术效果为：(1)在电池电量≤20％，启 动增程器可以及时的为整车驱动提供电能，增加电动车的续航里程；Compared with the prior art, the technical effects obtained by the present invention are: (1) when the battery power is less than or equal to 20%, the range extender can be started to provide electric energy for driving the whole vehicle in time, increasing the cruising range of the electric vehicle;
(2)根据车辆运行工况对蓄电池进行充电；(2) Charge the battery according to the operating conditions of the vehicle;
(3)在驱动电机能力范围内提高其车辆的爬坡及承载能力；当车辆重载或爬坡运行时，启动增程器，给整车驱动电机提供更高电压的电能；(3) Improve the climbing and carrying capacity of the vehicle within the capability of the driving motor; when the vehicle is heavily loaded or running on a slope, start the range extender to provide higher voltage electric energy to the driving motor of the whole vehicle;
(4)设定增程器启动电压，及时对整车提供电能及对蓄电池进行补充充电，以增加整车续航里程和延长电池使用寿命。(4) Set the starting voltage of the range extender, provide electric energy to the vehicle in time and supplementary charge the battery, so as to increase the cruising range of the vehicle and prolong the service life of the battery.
采用多模式以满足不同工况要求。Multiple modes are adopted to meet the requirements of different working conditions.
且本发明的增程器，能使其成为多模式混合动力增程电动车，为电动车的推广使用提供新的思路。其最大优点在于，不仅是一个可以在车辆运行中对蓄电池进行充电的充电器，又是一个可以给驱动电机提供电能的电源。Moreover, the range extender of the present invention can make it a multi-mode hybrid electric vehicle with extended range, providing a new idea for the popularization and use of electric vehicles. Its biggest advantage is that it is not only a charger that can charge the battery while the vehicle is running, but also a power supply that can provide electric energy to the drive motor.
本发明在增程器底座下方设置有减震器承受增程器等部件的压力和来至底部轮子等的震动冲击，减震器主要以橡胶为原料，利用橡胶的剪切变形达到缓冲的目的，本实用新型采用菱形体截面设计的减震器形状，能够很好的利用剪切应力的原理，通过将单一方向上的震动分散至不同方向，大大提高了减震效果，本实用新型结构简单，设计合理，值得推广。In the present invention, a shock absorber is provided under the base of the range extender to withstand the pressure of the range extender and other components and the vibration impact from the bottom wheels, etc. The shock absorber mainly uses rubber as a raw material, and uses the shear deformation of rubber to achieve the purpose of buffering , the utility model adopts the shape of the shock absorber designed with a rhombus section, which can make good use of the principle of shear stress, and greatly improves the shock absorption effect by dispersing the vibration in a single direction to different directions. The utility model has a simple structure , the design is reasonable, and it is worth promoting.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明控制系统的结构框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the control system of the present invention.
图2为本发明中增程器的结构示意图Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the range extender in the present invention
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体的实施例结合附图1、2，对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1 and 2 .
本发明根据下述实施例做进一步的描述，本领域技术人员可以明了的是，下述实施例对本发明仅仅起到说明的作用，在不背离本发明精神的前 提下，对本发明所做的任意改进和替代均在本发明保护的范围之内。The present invention is further described according to the following examples. Those skilled in the art can understand that the following examples only serve to illustrate the present invention. Improvements and substitutions are within the protection scope of the present invention.
一种用于电动车的控制系统，包括控制器1、电机控制器2、电池管理系统3和电池4，所述控制器1与电机控制器2、电池管理系统3相连，所述电机控制器2与驱动电机5相连，所述驱动电机5通过减速器6与驱动轴7相连，所述电池管理系统3与电池4相连，所述控制器1上设有挡位线，所述控制器1通过挡位线与换挡模块8连接，所述换挡模块8包括纯电动挡模块10、自动挡模式11、强力挡模式12,所述控制器1还连接一增程器9，所述增程器9与电池4、驱动电机5相连；A control system for an electric vehicle, comprising a controller 1, a motor controller 2, a battery management system 3 and a battery 4, the controller 1 is connected to the motor controller 2 and the battery management system 3, and the motor controller 2 is connected to the drive motor 5, the drive motor 5 is connected to the drive shaft 7 through the reducer 6, the battery management system 3 is connected to the battery 4, the controller 1 is provided with a gear line, and the controller 1 It is connected to the shift module 8 through the gear line, and the shift module 8 includes a pure electric shift module 10, an automatic shift mode 11, and a strong shift mode 12, and the controller 1 is also connected to a range extender 9. The programmer 9 is connected with the battery 4 and the driving motor 5;
所述控制系统按照如下步骤实现:Described control system is realized according to the following steps:
纯电动挡模式10；Pure electric gear mode 10;
当蓄电池剩余电量可以足够使车辆运行至目的地时，选择不启动增程器，整车以纯电动模式运行，到达目的地之后及时利用外部电源给整车蓄电池充电；When the remaining power of the battery is enough to drive the vehicle to the destination, choose not to start the range extender, the vehicle will run in pure electric mode, and use the external power supply to charge the battery of the vehicle in time after arriving at the destination;
自动挡模式11；Automatic mode 11;
根据控制器设定的蓄电池过欠压保护值，进行启动或停止工作；以避免蓄电池过放电或过充电；According to the battery overvoltage and undervoltage protection value set by the controller, start or stop the work; to avoid overdischarge or overcharge of the battery;
当车辆运行电压下降至控制器设定的启动值时，增程器会自动启动，为车辆提供电源；When the operating voltage of the vehicle drops to the starting value set by the controller, the range extender will automatically start to provide power for the vehicle;
如果驱动电流小于增程器最大输出电流，增程器输出电流随车辆驱动电流变化而变化，而当车辆减速或临时停车时增程器会根据蓄电池的剩余电量调整其增程器的输出电流，同时增程器汽油机油门也随增程器输出电流变化而调整，起到节能降耗的目的；If the driving current is less than the maximum output current of the range extender, the output current of the range extender will change with the driving current of the vehicle, and the range extender will adjust the output current of the range extender according to the remaining power of the battery when the vehicle decelerates or stops temporarily. At the same time, the throttle of the gasoline engine of the range extender is also adjusted according to the change of the output current of the range extender, so as to save energy and reduce consumption;
如果整车驱动电流大于或等于增程器的最大输出电流，则增程器会长期工 作在最大输出电流值；待电池充满电，蓄电池电压达到其设定的增程器熄火电压时，增程器自动熄火，停止工作；If the driving current of the whole vehicle is greater than or equal to the maximum output current of the range extender, the range extender will work at the maximum output current value for a long time; when the battery is fully charged and the battery voltage reaches the set range extender flameout voltage, the range extender The device automatically turns off and stops working;
强力挡模式12；Strong block mode 12;
切换到此模式，增程器立即启动，补充整车所需要的电能；最大限度的提高车速、承载及爬坡能力；Switch to this mode, the range extender starts immediately to supplement the electric energy needed by the vehicle; maximize the vehicle speed, carrying capacity and climbing ability;
所述增程器9包括底座和增程器本体，包括底座91和增程器本体，所述增程器本体设置在底座91上面，所述增程器本体包括发动机92、发电机、散热器、联轴器、燃油箱、火花塞94、风扇罩95、空滤器96，所述发动机92和发电机通过联轴器连接，所述散热器、燃油箱与发动机92管路连接，所述底座91下方连接有一支撑架97，所述支撑架97周侧设置有减震器98，所述减震器98包括平行设置的一对弯折板99，所述弯折板99的外侧部之间设置有弹性胶垫910，所述一对弯折板99中，位于上部的弯折板99设置有向上锁紧增程器的锁紧螺栓93，位于下部的弯折板99设置有向下锁紧支撑架的锁紧螺栓93。The range extender 9 includes a base and a range extender body, including a base 91 and a range extender body, the range extender body is arranged on the base 91, and the range extender body includes an engine 92, a generator, and a radiator , shaft coupling, fuel tank, spark plug 94, fan cover 95, air filter 96, described engine 92 and generator are connected by coupling, described radiator, fuel tank are connected with engine 92 pipelines, and described base 91 A support frame 97 is connected below, and a shock absorber 98 is arranged on the peripheral side of the support frame 97. The shock absorber 98 includes a pair of bent plates 99 arranged in parallel, and the outer parts of the bent plates 99 are arranged between There is an elastic rubber pad 910. Among the pair of bent plates 99, the upper bent plate 99 is provided with a locking bolt 93 for locking the range extender upwards, and the lower bent plate 99 is provided with a locking bolt 93 for locking down. The locking bolt 93 of support frame.
所述弯折板99弯折角度为120～145°。The bending angle of the bending plate 99 is 120-145°.
本发明在车辆运行中对蓄电池进行充电的充电器，又是一个可以给驱动电机提供电能的电源；其主要功能如下：In the present invention, the charger for charging the storage battery during the operation of the vehicle is also a power supply that can provide electric energy to the drive motor; its main functions are as follows:
(1)在电池电量≤20％，启动增程器可以及时的为整车驱动提供电能，增加电动车的续航里程；(1) When the battery power is less than or equal to 20%, starting the range extender can provide electric energy for driving the vehicle in time and increase the cruising range of the electric vehicle;
(2)根据车辆运行工况对蓄电池进行充电；(2) Charge the battery according to the operating conditions of the vehicle;
(3)在驱动电机能力范围内提高其车辆的爬坡及承载能力；当车辆重载或爬坡运行时，启动增程器，给整车驱动电机提供更高电压的电能；(3) Improve the climbing and carrying capacity of the vehicle within the capability of the driving motor; when the vehicle is heavily loaded or running on a slope, start the range extender to provide higher voltage electric energy to the driving motor of the whole vehicle;
(4)设定增程器启动电压，及时对整车提供电能及对蓄电池进行补充充 电，以增加整车续航里程和延长电池使用寿命。(4) Set the starting voltage of the range extender, provide electric energy to the vehicle in time and supplementary charge the battery, so as to increase the cruising range of the vehicle and prolong the service life of the battery.
采用多模式以满足不同工况要求。Multiple modes are adopted to meet the requirements of different working conditions.
且本发明的增程器，能使其成为多模式混合动力增程电动车，为电动车的推广使用提供新的思路。其最大优点在于，不仅是一个可以在车辆运行中对蓄电池进行充电的充电器，又是一个可以给驱动电机提供电能的电源。Moreover, the range extender of the present invention can make it a multi-mode hybrid electric vehicle with extended range, providing a new idea for the popularization and use of electric vehicles. Its biggest advantage is that it is not only a charger that can charge the battery while the vehicle is running, but also a power supply that can provide electric energy to the drive motor.
本发明在增程器底座下方设置有减震器承受增程器等部件的压力和来至底部轮子等的震动冲击，减震器主要以橡胶为原料，利用橡胶的剪切变形达到缓冲的目的，本实用新型采用菱形体截面设计的减震器形状，能够很好的利用剪切应力的原理，通过将单一方向上的震动分散至不同方向，大大提高了减震效果，本实用新型结构简单，设计合理，值得推广。In the present invention, a shock absorber is provided under the base of the range extender to withstand the pressure of the range extender and other components and the vibration impact from the bottom wheels, etc. The shock absorber mainly uses rubber as a raw material, and uses the shear deformation of rubber to achieve the purpose of buffering , the utility model adopts the shape of the shock absorber designed with a rhombus section, which can make good use of the principle of shear stress, and greatly improves the shock absorption effect by dispersing the vibration in a single direction to different directions. The utility model has a simple structure , the design is reasonable, and it is worth promoting.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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