CN205755574U - A kind of small-sized not to row corn combine - Google Patents

Abstract

A small non-aligned corn combine harvester comprises an ear picking device and at least two cone-shaped auger and grain-holding devices, and the ear-picking device is arranged behind the cone-shaped auger and grain-supporting devices. The conical auger feeding device includes a conical barrel, wherein the bottom surface is connected with the auger shaft driven and rotated by the driving device, and the auger blades are spirally arranged on the side. The ear picking device includes a conical tip, an ear picking roller, a spiral rib and an ear picking roller gearbox, wherein one end of the ear picking roller is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cone-shaped tip in a conical structure, and the other end is connected to the ear picking roller gearbox , a plurality of baffles are evenly arranged near the position of the plucking roller gear box on the outer wall of the ear picking roller, and spiral ribs are helically arranged on the part of the outer wall of the ear picking roller that is not provided with baffles and the outer wall of the tapered tip. In addition, it also includes ear boxes and stem crushing and returning devices. The utility model has a relatively simple structure, is better adapted to the row width of corn, and is suitable for use in areas with small plots and uneven row widths.

Description

A Small Misaligned Corn Combine Harvester

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a small misaligned corn combine harvester.

Background technique

Corn is one of the three major grains in the world and one of the main food crops in my country. The annual corn planting in China reaches 300-500-400 million mu. In my country's Huanghuaihai Plain, hilly irrigated land and dry farming areas, wheat is the main grain in summer and corn is the main grain in autumn. Due to the rapid promotion of no-tillage technology, these areas generally sow corn directly in the stubble field after wheat harvest. According to research, due to the influence of wheat row spacing, corn is generally planted in wide and narrow rows, with a wide row spacing of 400mm-600mm and a narrow row spacing of 200-250mm. As far as the whole country is concerned, due to the small scale of rural land management and small plots in my country, not only the row spacing of corn planting between farmers is not equal, sometimes even the same plot has a large difference in row spacing.

At present, the harvesting technology of corn in opposite rows has been widely promoted, but there are still some shortcomings in the harvesting technology of corn in opposite rows. Chinese patent CN102301864A discloses "a small corn combine harvester", which includes a clamping and conveying device for conveying corn stalks in a standing position, an ear picking device and a corn stalk chopping device, which solves the problem of large corn combine harvesters to a certain extent. Narrowly applicable issues. However, in the clamping and conveying of the corn stalks after cutting, the instability of the clamping force causes the disorder of the corn stalks, making it impossible to carry out subsequent processes such as ear picking, and the machine has a complex structure and high manufacturing costs, making it difficult to popularize.

Many large-scale corn harvesters are designed for areas with large plots and uniform corn planting row widths, so they are bulky and complex in structure, and it is difficult to meet the huge differences in planting environments in different rural areas of our country. Row corn harvester, but most of them follow the design of large harvester, there are still many deficiencies when harvesting in the wrong row, especially the harvesting effect is not good, and it is also inconvenient to move between different plots due to the limitation of the body volume .

Utility model content

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a small misaligned corn combine harvester with relatively simple structure, better adaptability to the row width of corn, and flexible movement.

In order to achieve the above object, the scheme that the utility model takes is:

A small misaligned corn combine harvester, comprising an ear picking device and at least two conical auger and grain-holding devices, the ear-picking device is arranged behind the conical auger and grain-supporting devices,

The cone-shaped auger-supporting device includes a cone-shaped barrel, which is a cone structure and is divided into two parts: the bottom surface and the side surface, wherein the bottom surface is connected with the auger shaft driven by the driving device, and the side surface is spirally An auger piece is provided, and the width of the auger piece gradually increases in the direction from the tip of the conical barrel to the bottom;

The ear picking device comprises a tapered tip, an ear picking roller, a spiral rib and an ear picking roller gear box, wherein one end of the ear picking roller is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the tapered tip in a conical structure, and the other end is connected with the ear picking roller gear. Box connection, a plurality of baffles are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the ear picking roller close to the gear box of the ear picking roller, and spiral ribs are spirally arranged on the part of the outer wall of the ear picking roller that is not provided with baffles and the outer wall of the tapered tip;

There are two tapered tips and two ear-picking rollers respectively, and one of the ear-picking rollers has a lower height than the other.

The row width of the conical auger and grain-supporting device is within 300mm.

The harvester also includes an ear box, and the ear box is arranged near a lower ear-picking roller and arranged obliquely below the ear-picking device.

The harvester also includes a stalk crushing and returning device, which is arranged under the rear and lower part of the ear picking device; the stalk crushing and returning device is composed of a knife roller, a moving knife and a fixed knife, and the moving knife is arranged on the knife roller. The knife rollers rotate synchronously, and the fixed knife is set on the side of the knife roller, which cooperates with the rotating moving knife to chop the stalks.

There are four moving knives, which are evenly arranged on the knife roller along the same rotation direction, and the knife surface is perpendicular to the radius of the knife roller.

The harvester also includes a frame on which the cone-shaped auger-supporting device, ear box, ear-picking device and straw crushing-returning device are all arranged.

Described frame is arranged on the front of walking tractor, and it is arranged on the walking tractor through central shaft, and frame rotates around middle shaft through hydraulic cylinder, to adjust the included angle between being with walking tractor.

The conical auger-supporting device, ear-picking device and stalk crushing-returning device are respectively connected with the engine of the walking tractor through corresponding transmission mechanisms, and each part of the device is driven by the engine.

The power of the engine of the walk-behind tractor is 10-15 horsepower.

Beneficial effect:

1. The harvester is equipped with a cone-shaped auger-supporting device at the front, which can gather corn of different row widths, and the width of the auger is set from narrow to wide. The narrower auger at the front is beneficial Expand the range of harvesting, and the wider rear auger is conducive to evenly arrange the harvested corn, so that the inclination angle of the corn can be gradually adjusted to facilitate subsequent ear picking, and it is suitable for corn misalignment in various land environments reward;

2. The body of the harvester can be switched between the stop state and the working state. In the stop state, the harvester stands up and can be moved by a walking tractor, making it more flexible to move between different places of use;

3. There are two picking rollers, and they are set at different heights. They can collect the ears to one side, occupying a small space, and can send all the ears into the ear boxes under various conditions, especially suitable for variable row widths. , used in areas with small plots;

4. The structure is simple, the volume is small, and it can complete the functions of picking corn ears and collecting boxes, crushing corn stalks and returning them to the field at one time, and has high work efficiency;

5. After the stalks are chopped, they fall directly into the field, which reduces the process of lifting, reduces the complexity of the device, and saves energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of implementation example 1 of this small-sized non-row corn combine harvester;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conical auger-supporting device;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of ear picking device;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stalk crushing and returning device;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the whole machine.

Reference signs: 1. Conical auger and grain holding device, 2. Ear box, 3. Ear picking device, 4. Rack, 5. Stalk crushing and returning device, 6. Intermediate shaft, 7. Coupling frame, 8 , Hydraulic cylinder, 9, Walking tractor body, 10, Engine, 11, Vehicle frame, 12, Walking wheel, 13, Tapered barrel, 14, Auger piece, 15, Auger shaft, 1501, Right taper auger Shaft, 1502, left side tapered auger shaft, 16, tapered tip, 17, ear picking roller, 18, spiral rib, 19, ear picking roller gear box, 20, knife roller, 21, moving knife, 22, fixed Knife, 23, right ear picking roller shaft, 24, transmission intermediate shaft, 25, center line, 26, jaw clutch, 27, walking clutch shaft, 28, engine shaft, 29, left ear picking roller shaft, 30, straw return Field machine shaft, 31, field returning machine intermediate shaft, 32, ear picking roller gearbox shaft, 33, power intermediate shaft, 34, walking tractor gearbox, 35, blocking plate.

detailed description

The embodiment of the present utility model is specifically described below according to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a small-sized off-row corn combine harvester includes an ear picking device 3 and at least two cone-shaped auger-holding devices 1 , and the ear-picking device 3 is arranged behind the cone-shaped auger-holding device 1 .

As shown in Fig. 3, the described conical auger and grain-supporting device 1 includes a conical barrel 13, the conical barrel 13 is in a conical structure, and is divided into two parts, the bottom surface and the side surface, wherein the bottom surface and the driving device are driven to rotate The auger shaft 15 is connected, and the auger piece 14 is spirally arranged on the side, and in the direction from the tip of the tapered bucket 13 to the bottom, the width of the auger piece 14 increases gradually.

As shown in Figure 4, described fringe picking device 3 comprises tapered tip 16, fringe picking roller 17, spiral rib 18 and fringe picking roller gear box 19, wherein one end of fringe picking roller 17 is connected with the conical tip of conical structure The bottom surface of 16 is fixedly connected, and the other end is connected with plucking ear roller gear box 19, is evenly provided with a plurality of retaining pieces 35 near the position of plucking ear roller gear box 19 on plucking ear roller 17 outer walls, and plucking ear roller 17 outer walls are not provided with retaining plate Parts of the sheet 35 and the outer wall of the tapered tip 16 are helically provided with helical ribs 18 .

There are two tapered tips 16 and two ear-picking rollers 17, one of which has a lower height than the other.

The row width of the conical auger and grain-helping device 1 is within 300mm.

Described harvester also comprises fruit ear case 2, and fruit ear case 2 is arranged near a plucking ear roller 17 of position lower, and is arranged on the oblique below of plucking ear device 3.

The harvester also includes a device 5 for crushing and returning stalks to the field, which is arranged behind and below the ear picking device 3 . As shown in Figure 5, the stem crushing and returning device 5 is composed of a knife roller 20, a moving knife 21 and a fixed knife 22. The moving knife 21 is arranged on the knife roller 20 and rotates synchronously with the knife roller 20. The fixed knife 22 is set On the side of the knife roller 20, the stalks are chopped in cooperation with the rotating moving knife 21. There are four moving knives 21 , which are evenly arranged on the knife roller 20 along the same rotation direction, and the knife surface is perpendicular to the radius of the knife roller 20 .

The harvester also includes a frame 4 on which the cone-shaped auger-supporting device 1 , the ear box 2 , the ear picking device 3 and the straw crushing and returning device 5 are all arranged.

Described frame 4 is arranged on the front of walking tractor, and it is arranged on the walking tractor by central axis 6, and frame 4 rotates around intermediate axis 6 by hydraulic cylinder 8, to adjust the clamping position between the walking tractor and horn.

As shown in Figure 1, walking tractor comprises coupling frame 7, walking tractor gearbox 34, tractor body 9, engine 10, frame 11 and road wheel 12, and described coupling frame 7 is connected to walking tractor gearbox by bolts 34 front, and power is that the engine 10 of 10-15 horsepower is installed in walking tractor gearbox 34 rear portions by vehicle frame 11. Road wheels 12 are also installed at the vehicle frame 11 rear. The frame 4 is arranged on the coupling frame 7 through the intermediate shaft 6 .

The cone-shaped auger-supporting device 1 , ear-picking device 3 and stalk crushing-returning device 5 are respectively connected to the engine 10 of the walking tractor through corresponding transmission mechanisms, and the engine 10 drives each part of the device.

As shown in Figure 6, the driving process of each device is as follows:

When harvesting corn in the field operation, the hydraulic pump is manually pressed to extend the hydraulic cylinder 8, the corn harvester rotates counterclockwise around the intermediate shaft 6, and the corn harvester is put down to enter the harvesting state. Start the engine, the corn harvester walks to the corn ridge, and the whole machine is in a state to be harvested, so that the corn row coincides with the center line 25 of the grain-holding device as much as possible.

Walking tractor is provided with dog clutch 26, after connecting dog clutch 26, the engine shaft 28 of tractor drives walking clutch shaft 27 by the mode of belt transmission, and tractor starts to advance, drives harvester to advance operation.

Drive the power intermediate shaft 33 through the chain transmission mode, and then drive the ear picking roller gearbox shaft 32 through the chain transmission mode, and then divide into two roads, one road drives the middle shaft 31 of the field returning machine, and the other road drives the left ear picking roller shaft 29.

The intermediate shaft 31 of the field returning machine drives the shaft 30 of the straw returning machine to rotate synchronously, and then drives the stalk crushing and returning device 5 .

After the left fringing roller shaft 29 drives the fringing roller, it is divided into two routes, one of which drives the transmission intermediate shaft 24 through a chain transmission mode, and then drives the right conical auger shaft 1501 through a chain transmission mode, and then drives the right conical auger; After another road passes to right plucking ear roller shaft 23 by gear transmission, passes to left tapered auger shaft 1502 by chain transmission, and then drives left tapered auger.

When harvesting, after the corn to be harvested is collected by the cone-shaped auger-holding device 1, it is sent to the ear-picking device 3 along with the auger piece 14. Under the action of the two ear-picking rollers 17, the ears of corn are picked off and fall into the ear box 2; the stalks after ear picking enter the stalk crushing and returning device 5 from the ear picking device 3, and after being chopped, they fall directly into the field to complete the returning to the field.

When walking on the road, turn the clutch handle to disconnect the jaw clutch 26, the corn harvester loses power, then start the hydraulic pump manually to shorten the hydraulic cylinder 8, the corn harvester rotates clockwise around the intermediate shaft 6, and the corn harvester rises , and then start the tractor and walk.

Claims (9)

1. small-sized not to a row corn combine, including ear-picking unit (3) and at least two taper screw feeder grain lifter (1), ear-picking unit (3) is arranged on taper screw feeder grain lifter (1) rear, it is characterised in that:

Described taper screw feeder grain lifter (1), it includes a cone tank (13), cone tank (13) in conical structure, point For bottom surface and side two parts, wherein bottom surface drives the screw conveyor shaft (15) rotated to be connected with driving means, and on side, spiral is arranged There is stirrer plate (14), and on the tip of cone tank (13) to the direction of bottom surface, the width of stirrer plate (14) is gradually increased；

Described ear-picking unit (3) includes cone point (16), snapping bar (17), spiral bar (18) and snapping bar gear-box (19), Wherein one end of snapping bar (17) is fixing with the bottom surface of the cone point (16) in conical structure is connected, the other end and snapping bar Gear-box (19) connects, and is evenly arranged with multiple catch at snapping bar (17) outer wall near the position of snapping bar gear-box (19) (35), snapping bar (17) outer wall is not provided with on the part of catch (35) and the outer wall of cone point (16) equal spiral and is provided with spiral Muscle (18)；

Described cone point (16) and snapping bar (17) are respectively arranged with two, and the height of one of them snapping bar (17) is less than other one Individual.

2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described taper screw feeder is held up The line width that standing grain device (1) draws in is within 300mm.

3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described cropper also wraps Include fruit-ear box (2), snapping bar (17) setting that fruit-ear box (2) is relatively low near position, and it is arranged on the oblique of ear-picking unit (3) Lower section.

4. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described cropper also wraps Include stalk disintegrating returning device (5), be arranged on the back lower place of ear-picking unit (3)；Stalk disintegrating returning device (5) is by rotor (20), moving knife (21) and stationary knife (22) composition, it is upper and with rotor (20) synchronous axial system that described moving knife (21) is arranged on rotor (20), Stationary knife (22) is arranged on rotor (20) side, coordinates straw chopping with the moving knife (21) rotated.

5. as claimed in claim 4 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described moving knife (21) is altogether There are four, are uniformly arranged on rotor (20) along same direction of rotation, and knife face is vertical with the radius of rotor (20).

6. as claimed in claim 5 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described cropper also wraps Including rack (4), described taper screw feeder grain lifter (1), fruit-ear box (2), ear-picking unit (3) and straw chopping and returning device (5) It is arranged in frame (4).

7. as claimed in claim 6 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described frame (4) sets Putting the front at hand tractor, it is arranged on hand tractor by jackshaft (6), frame (4) by hydraulic cylinder (8) around Jackshaft (6) rotate, with adjust and hand tractor between in angle.

8. as claimed in claim 7 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described taper screw feeder is held up Standing grain device (1), ear-picking unit (3) and stalk disintegrating returning device (5) are respectively by corresponding drive mechanism and hand tractor Electromotor (10) connect, by electromotor (10) drive each several part device.

9. as claimed in claim 7 a kind of small-sized not to row corn combine, it is characterised in that: described hand tractor The power of electromotor (10) be 10-15 horsepower.