CN205679855U - Use the automobile head-up display system of convex lens - Google Patents

Abstract

A head-up display system for automobiles using a convex lens. It is a box-type component composed of an outer shell and internal optical and electronic components. The driver sets the parameters of the HUD through the car navigation, and then the navigation transmits the set parameters to the HUD. The main point of the use of single-chip microcomputer in HUD is that its internal components include single-chip microcomputer, TFT screen, plane mirror, and convex lens. To the front windshield of the car, a debugging connector is designed on the shell, and the debugging connector is connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The utility model is easy to manufacture, is beneficial to improve the yield rate of production, and reduces production costs. The deformation requirement in the manufacturing process of the front windshield can be greatly relaxed, and the requirement on the assembly precision of the front windshield is also reduced.

Description

Automotive Head-Up Display System Using Convex Lenses

technical field

This patent belongs to auto parts, especially to an automotive head-up display (HUD) display system.

Background technique

Head Up Display (Head Up Display), hereinafter referred to as HUD, some mid-to-high-end models in mass production are equipped with HUD display function, which can project graphic information such as speed and navigation onto the front windshield. The HUD performs parameter setting, and then the navigation passes the set parameters to the single-chip microcomputer 4 in the HUD for use. For example, BMW's HUD display system, which is a box-type component composed of a housing and internal optical and electronic components, is fixed under the instrument panel directly in front of the driver's line of sight. For ease of description, the internal optical path and imaging principle of the BMW HUD are simply shown in Figure 1: 7 is a single-chip microcomputer, which transmits graphic information to the TFT screen, and 1 is a TFT screen, which is used to display graphics and text such as speed and navigation Information; 2 is a flat reflector, which reflects the content displayed in the TFT to the free-form surface reflector 3 for the purpose of increasing the length of the optical path. In the entire HUD optical system, what the driver sees is the graphic information reflected by the front windshield. This is a virtual image. The driver feels that the virtual image is in front of the front windshield. The longer the optical path of the HUD, the more The driver will feel that the virtual image will be farther away from the front windshield. Therefore, the purpose of adding a flat reflector is to increase the length of the optical path; 3 is a free-form reflector, which is the core component of the HUD optical path; 5 is the front windshield of the car, as a component of the optical path, reflecting the light of the HUD to the driver 4 is the eyes of the driver, that is, the driver can observe the graphic information and information displayed on the HUD, and the driver will think that this is a virtual image displayed in front of the front windshield.

Free-form surface reflector 3, its function is described in detail as follows:

Function 1: The reflector has a certain curvature and is a concave reflector with a magnifying effect. The TFT specification of the BMW HUD is 2.2 inches, but the driver observes that the enlarged graphic information is about 7.9 inches, and the magnification About 3.6 times, this magnification function is realized by the free-form surface mirror.

Function 2: While amplifying the graphic information, it is also equivalent to increasing the length of the optical path. The increased length is the same as the magnification factor. Here, the image is enlarged by 3.6 times, which is equivalent to extending the optical path by 3.6 times, so it is only 0.47 meters long The total optical path, after being extended, realizes that the length of the virtual image is 1.7 meters away from the driver's eyes.

Function 3: The front windshield of the car is not a plane, but a nonlinear changing surface, and the curvature changes at each position in the display area are not the same, which will cause the normal graphic information to be distorted, so Under the premise of maintaining the magnification function of graphic information, the free-form surface reflector must reversely compensate the distortion of the graphic information caused by the curvature change of the front windshield in the display area, which is used to offset the front windshield. resulting optical distortion.

Function 4: Since the TFT display screen is relatively small, only 2.2 inches, the enlarged graphic information is 7.9 inches, and there are reflectors and front windshields in the optical path, so different display positions from the TFT to the front windshield The length of the optical path reflected by the glass to the driver's eyes is different, which will also cause distortion of the graphic information. In the HUD, the free-form mirror is also used to correct and offset the distortion caused by the different optical path length.

In the BMW HUD, since the distortion of the curvature of the front windshield and the optical path length are corrected by the free-form reflector, the internal structure of the HUD and the installation position of the HUD must be considered when designing the free-form reflector. , the position and shape of the front windshield display area and other factors, the design requirements for the free-form reflector are extremely high, and the HUD using the free-form reflector must be dedicated to a special vehicle. If it is installed on a different model, or before the vehicle is changed The shape of the windshield, the free-form reflector of the HUD must be redesigned, so the HUD host cannot be used universally. In the case that it is not universal, there are also strict requirements on the manufacturing error and assembly error of the components related to the optical path. If the error is too large, it will lead to problems such as image and text information distortion.

Since the free-form surface mirror requires extremely high processing accuracy, it is difficult to process, and because of the concave shape of the curved mirror, it also puts forward high requirements on the processing of the mold; since the free-form surface mirror needs to realize the optical path distortion correction function, so The requirements for its deformation and reflective rate are very high. Due to the characteristics of the material, there will be a certain shrinkage rate after returning to the normal state after high-temperature processing, which will lead to low production yield and high production cost. Since the curvature change results of the free-form surface reflector and the front windshield need to cancel each other out, high requirements are placed on the accuracy and deformation of the front windshield. Can cause the manufacturing cost of front windshield to rise substantially.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this patent is to overcome the shortcomings of difficult processing and high production cost caused by the use of free-form surface mirrors in the current HUD display system of automobiles, and provide an automotive head-up display system using convex lenses that is easy to process and low in production cost.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is a head-up display system for automobiles using a convex lens, which is a box-type component composed of a housing and internal optical and electronic components. The driver sets the parameters of the HUD through the car navigation, and then The navigation will pass the set parameters to the single-chip microcomputer in the HUD. The main point is that its internal components include the single-chip microcomputer, TFT screen, flat mirror, and convex lens. The single-chip microcomputer transmits the graphic information to the TFT screen, and the graphic information sent by the TFT screen The sequence is projected onto the front windshield of the car through a flat mirror and a convex lens, and a debugging connector is designed on the housing, and the debugging connector is connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

The present invention is improved on the basis of the existing head-up display system. The casing and the electronic system are similar to the prior art. The ordinary convex lens is used to replace the free-form reflector, which has the advantages of easy processing and low production cost. After the ordinary convex lens replaces the free-form reflector The replacement principle is as follows:

Function 1: Use ordinary convex lens to realize the function of magnifying graphic information content, which is easy to understand. By adjusting the distance between convex lens, TFT and flat mirror, the magnification effect can be realized, and the magnification can be adjusted according to needs. In the HUD realized in this patent, ordinary double-convex lenses are selected. The diameter of the convex lens is between 150-180mm, and the focal length is between 140-180mm. If the focal length is too short, the curvature will be large and it will not be easy to process. The magnification requires a farther distance, resulting in an oversized HUD. Since the magnification becomes a real image, it is necessary to choose between one focal length and two focal lengths. By calculation, when the diameter of the convex lens is between 150-180mm, the focal length is 140mm, when the optical path distance between the convex lens and TFT is 179mm, the magnification factor is 3.6 times. When the distance changes, the magnification factor can also change accordingly.

Function 2: While enlarging the graphic information, it also realizes the extension of the optical path. This extension factor is the same as the magnification factor, which is also extended by 3.6 times.

That is to say, after using ordinary convex lens instead of free-form reflector, the function of magnifying and extending the optical path of free reflector is also realized, which is completely equivalent to the effect of free reflector.

The graphic information transmitted by the single-chip microcomputer to the TFT screen is pre-deformed by software to offset the optical distortion caused by optical factors such as the curvature nonlinearity of the front windshield and the different optical path lengths, and finally realize the HUD display.

Since an ordinary convex lens is used, it is impossible to correct the optical path distortion optically like a free-form mirror. Therefore, in this patent, the software in the single-chip microcomputer is used to reversely correct the graphic information displayed by the TFT, that is, the TFT The displayed graphic information is pre-distorted according to the stored parameters. The direction of this distortion is completely opposite to the distortion effect produced by the curvature of the front windshield and the length of the optical path. They just cancel each other out, thus realizing the virtual image observed by the driver. It happens to be undistorted graphic information.

The car navigation is designed with an adjustment function selection, which is set to the high, middle and low positions of the sitting posture. After the driver selects a suitable height for the sitting posture, the navigation will transmit the information selected by the driver to the single-chip microcomputer.

The camera position can be adjusted up or down by 40mm.

In addition to correcting the designed conventional driver's eye position, the upper and lower 40mm positions of the position are also corrected to obtain the correction parameters respectively. The driver selects the appropriate height of the sitting position as the final display correction parameter.

This patent uses a common convex lens to realize the HUD display function. Compared with the vehicle using the free-form surface reflector to realize the HUD function, the advantages are obvious, mainly as follows:

1. The mold processing of free-form mirrors is difficult and requires high processing accuracy. Since the free-form surface mirror requires extremely high processing precision, it is difficult to process, and due to the concave shape of the curved surface mirror, it also places high requirements on the processing of the mold. Ordinary convex lenses do not have high requirements for molds, and can be processed with ordinary equipment, and mold polishing can be achieved with ordinary equipment. In addition, in this patent, the software correction is used after the HUD is installed, so the deformation and error of the convex lens can be eliminated by software, so the mold of the convex lens is easy to make.

2. Since the free-form surface mirror needs to realize the optical path distortion correction function, the requirements for its deformation and reflectivity are very high. Due to the characteristics of the material, there is a certain shrinkage rate after returning to the normal state after high-temperature processing, which will lead to The production yield is low and the production cost is high. And because the concave surface of the concave mirror is not convenient for polishing, the defective products produced cannot be re-polished and reused, which will also lead to a low production yield. In this patent, the software correction is used after the HUD is installed, which can offset the defects such as the deformation of the convex lens. The requirements for the convex lens are not high, and the defective products of the convex lens can be re-polished for remediation, which greatly improves the yield of production and reduces production costs. .

3. Since the curvature change results of the free-form surface reflector and the front windshield need to cancel each other out, high requirements are placed on the accuracy and deformation of the front windshield. If it exceeds the range, it will also cause obvious distortion of the graphic information. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of glass will also increase significantly. In this patent, the software correction is used after the HUD is installed, and the deformation requirements during the glass manufacturing process can be greatly relaxed, and the requirements for the assembly accuracy of the front windshield are also reduced.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of BMW's HUD display system

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the principle of the optical path of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the debugging process of the present invention

Wherein 1 TFT screen 2 plane mirrors 3 free-form surface mirrors 4 drivers' eyes 5 front windshields of cars 6 convex lenses 7 single-chip microcomputers 8 cameras.

detailed description

This patent will be described in detail below, and the described embodiment can enable those skilled in the art to better understand this patent, and can easily realize the same function.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a head-up display system for automobiles using a convex lens is the same as the existing HUD display system. Under the instrument panel directly in front of the driver's line of sight, the driver sets the parameters of the HUD through the car navigation, and then the navigation passes the set parameters to the single-chip microcomputer 7 in the HUD for use. The difference is that it uses a convex lens 6 instead of a free-form surface mirror that is difficult to process. The specific internal components include a single-chip microcomputer 7, a TFT screen 1, a flat mirror 2, and a convex lens 6. The single-chip microcomputer 7 transmits graphic information to the TFT screen 1. The graphic information sent by the TFT screen 1 is projected onto the front windshield of the car through the plane reflector 2 and the convex lens 6 in sequence. A debugging connector is designed on the housing, and the other end of the debugging connector is connected to the single-chip microcomputer 7 . Choose an ordinary double-convex lens, the diameter of the convex lens is between 150-180mm, and the focal length is between 140-180mm. If the focal length is too short, the curvature will be large and it will not be easy to process. If the focal length is too long, the same magnification will require a longer distance. The volume of the product is too large. Because it needs to be enlarged to become a real image, it is necessary to choose between one focal length and two focal lengths. By calculation, when the diameter of the convex lens is between 150-180mm and the focal length is 140mm, the distance between the convex lens and the TFT When the optical path distance is 179mm, the magnification factor is 3.6 times. When the distance changes, the magnification factor can also change accordingly.

The present invention realizes the functions of enlarging TFT graphic information and extending optical path through a convex lens, pre-deforms TFT displayed graphic information and corrects optical distortion through software.

The graphic information transmitted by the single-chip microcomputer 7 to the TFT screen 1 is pre-deformed by software to offset the optical distortion caused by optical factors such as the nonlinear curvature of the front windshield and the different optical path lengths, and finally realize the HUD display.

Since an ordinary convex lens is selected, the optical distortion correction of the free-form surface mirror cannot be realized. Therefore, in this patent, the software in the single-chip microcomputer 7 is used to reversely correct the sent graphic information, so the graphic information displayed in the TFT is It has been reverse-corrected graphic information, that is, the graphic information displayed by TFT is pre-distorted according to the stored parameters. The direction of this distortion is different from the curvature of the front windshield and the length of the optical path. On the contrary, they just cancel each other out, so the virtual image observed by the driver is just undistorted graphic information.

The graphic information transmitted by the single-chip microcomputer 7 to the TFT screen 1 is pre-deformed by software, and its debugging process is as shown in Figure 3: 1. When the whole vehicle is off the assembly line, a camera 8 is placed at the position of the driver's eyes , and connect the camera with the debugging connector, so that the camera is connected with the single-chip microcomputer 7, and the single-chip microcomputer 7 enters the distortion correction mode - ② vertical distortion correction - ③ adding correction parameters to the graphic information - ④ comparing the graphic information captured by the camera with the output ⑤ If yes, correct the correction parameters and repeat steps ③, ④, ⑤ until there is no distortion in the graphic information, indicating that the vertical distortion correction is completed, continue to ⑥horizontal distortion correction-⑦graphic information Add correction parameters - ⑧ Compare the image and text information captured by the camera with the image and text information sent out, and judge whether the image and text information is distorted - ⑨ If yes, correct the correction parameters and repeat steps ⑦, ⑧, ⑨ until the image and text information has no distortion, indicating completion Horizontal distortion correction. At this time, the parameters for the pre-distortion processing of the graphic information in the single-chip microcomputer 7 are the reverse correction parameters of the optical distortion of the vehicle.

Horizontal deformity correction can also be performed first.

The car navigation is designed with an adjustment function selection, which is set to the high position, middle position and low position of the sitting posture. After the driver selects a suitable height of the sitting posture position, the navigation transmits the information selected by the driver to the single chip microcomputer 7.

In order to adapt to the height of different drivers, the high, middle and low positions of the driver's possible sitting postures are calibrated separately during calibration.

The camera position can be adjusted up or down by 40mm.

In addition to correcting the designed conventional driver's eye position, the upper and lower 40mm positions of the position are also corrected to obtain the correction parameters respectively. The driver selects the appropriate height of the sitting position as the final display correction parameter.

The above-mentioned graphic information used for vertical deformity correction is horizontal black and white stripe graphic information, and the graphic information used for horizontal deformity correction is vertical black and white stripe graphic information.

Claims (5)

1. A head-up display system for automobiles using a convex lens. It is a box-type component composed of an outer shell and internal optical and electronic components. The driver sets the parameters through the car's navigation, and then the navigation transmits the relevant parameters to the single-chip microcomputer. (7), characterized in that its internal components include a single-chip microcomputer (7), a TFT screen (1), a flat mirror (2), a convex lens (6), and the single-chip microcomputer (7) transmits graphic information to the TFT screen (1) The graphic information sent by the TFT screen (1) is projected onto the front windshield of the car through the plane reflector (2) and the convex lens (6) in sequence, and a debugging connector is designed on the shell, and the debugging connector is connected with the single-chip microcomputer (7). 2. A head-up display system for automobiles using a convex lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the selected bi-convex lens, the diameter of the convex lens is between 150-180mm, and the focal length is between 140-180mm. 3. A kind of automobile head-up display system using a convex lens according to claim 2, characterized in that, the biconvex lens selected, when the diameter of the convex lens is between 150 ~ 180mm, the focal length is 140mm, the distance between the convex lens and the TFT When the optical distance is 179mm, the magnification is exactly 3.6 times. 4. A kind of automobile head-up display system using a convex lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, the car navigation is designed with adjustment function selection, which is set to the high position, middle position and low position of the sitting posture, and the driver selects the appropriate position. After the sitting posture position of the altitude, the navigation transmits the information selected by the driver to the single-chip microcomputer (7). 5. A head-up display system for automobiles using a convex lens according to claim 4, wherein the height position of the driver's eyes is divided into three levels of high, medium and low, and the height difference between them is 40mm.