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CN205656091U - Volumetric method shale isothermal adsorption experimental apparatus - Google Patents

Volumetric method shale isothermal adsorption experimental apparatus Download PDF

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CN205656091U
CN205656091U CN201620290327.1U CN201620290327U CN205656091U CN 205656091 U CN205656091 U CN 205656091U CN 201620290327 U CN201620290327 U CN 201620290327U CN 205656091 U CN205656091 U CN 205656091U
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岳长涛
李术元
马跃
温海龙
杨飞
李林玥
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置。该容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置包括吸附解吸单元、气体注入单元、恒温控制单元、真空单元和数据测量及采集单元。本实用新型提供的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置能够探讨页岩样品对CH4/CO2、CH4/N2等多组分气体的吸附能力的测定,吸附过程中釜体能抗CO2腐蚀且釜体内气体均匀不分层,同时能够在每个吸附平衡压力点做到取气的精确控制;而且该容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置还能够对页岩气解吸过程中甲烷碳同位素分馏效应进行探讨,减小吸附系统内自由空间气体对同位素分馏效应的稀释作用。

The utility model provides a capacity method shale isothermal adsorption experiment device. The volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device includes an adsorption and desorption unit, a gas injection unit, a constant temperature control unit, a vacuum unit, and a data measurement and acquisition unit. The volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device provided by the utility model can explore the determination of the adsorption capacity of shale samples to CH 4 /CO 2 , CH 4 /N 2 and other multi-component gases, and the kettle body can resist CO 2 corrosion during the adsorption process Moreover, the gas in the kettle body is uniform and non-layered, and at the same time, precise control of gas extraction can be achieved at each adsorption equilibrium pressure point; moreover, the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device can also analyze the methane carbon isotope fractionation effect during the shale gas desorption process. Discussion is carried out to reduce the dilution effect of the free space gas in the adsorption system on the isotope fractionation effect.

Description

一种容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置A volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及一种容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置,属于天然气开采领域。The utility model relates to a capacity method shale isothermal adsorption experiment device, which belongs to the field of natural gas exploitation.

背景技术Background technique

天然气因其清洁、低污染等特点被誉为21世纪的能源,很多国家都将其列为首选燃料,并逐步计划加大其在能源消费中的占有比例。中国常规天然气研究正处于高速发展阶段,2013年底已探明的天然气储量达3.3万亿立方米,但开采量仍跟不上我国天然气消费需求量。因此,除了加大对常规天然气气藏的开发,还应重视开发潜力十分可观的非常规天然气资源。页岩气藏作为现代油气藏类型的重要补充,已在非常规天然气领域中异军突起,成为全球非常规油气资源勘探开发的热点。美国是最早进行页岩气勘探开发的国家,并且取得了巨大的成功。BP世界能源统计于2011年公布的结果显示:2010年美国天然气产量为611×109m3,页岩气产量为137.9×109m3,占美国2010年天然气总产量的23%。与美国相比,我国页岩气基础研究与勘探开发起步较晚,研究相对薄弱。因此,深入对我国页岩气资源的研究已迫在眉睫。Natural gas is known as the energy source of the 21st century because of its cleanliness and low pollution. Many countries have listed it as the fuel of choice, and gradually plan to increase its proportion in energy consumption. China's conventional natural gas research is in a stage of rapid development. By the end of 2013, the proven natural gas reserves reached 3.3 trillion cubic meters, but the production volume still cannot keep up with my country's natural gas consumption demand. Therefore, in addition to increasing the development of conventional natural gas reservoirs, attention should also be paid to the development of unconventional natural gas resources with considerable potential. As an important supplement to modern oil and gas reservoirs, shale gas reservoirs have emerged in the field of unconventional natural gas and become a hotspot in the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources in the world. The United States is the first country to carry out shale gas exploration and development, and has achieved great success. According to the results published by BP World Energy Statistics in 2011, the US natural gas production in 2010 was 611×10 9 m 3 , and the shale gas production was 137.9×10 9 m 3 , accounting for 23% of the total US natural gas production in 2010. Compared with the United States, the basic research and exploration and development of shale gas in my country started relatively late, and the research is relatively weak. Therefore, in-depth research on my country's shale gas resources is imminent.

页岩气是天然气在页岩储层中的赋存与聚集,主要以游离、溶解和吸附3种状态存在,其中吸附态是页岩气的主要赋存状态,在三种状态中的占比最高可达85%,吸附也是页岩气聚集的重要特征及原因。因此,对页岩气吸附特性的研究就显得尤为重要。目前对页岩吸附特性的研究在很多方面都参考煤层气的研究方法,容量法是煤的高压等温吸附实验的常用方法,然而在利用传统的容量法吸附仪对页岩进行等温吸附研究时发现其存在如下问题:1)传统容量法仪器吸附釜体积偏小,测定时可装入的页岩样品量较少,由于页岩的吸附量要远小于煤的吸附量,故过少的页岩样品造成的压降很小,测量误差偏大;2)传统的容量法仪器吸附釜与标准室的体积比约为1︰1,使得整个系统中的自由空间体积较大,在探讨页岩气解吸过程中的碳同位素分馏效应时,自由空间内的气体会对分馏效应有着较大的稀释作用,分馏效应变得不明显;3)CO2气体在高压下会有着一定的腐蚀性,传统容量法仪器一般针对煤对甲烷的等温吸附,因此在材质上不会注重考虑耐腐蚀特性;4)在进行页岩对多组分气体竞争吸附实验时,由于CH4/CO2气体分子质量的差异会形成分层现象,传统容量法仪器无法解决这一问题;5)传统容量法仪器在取气时难以精确控制,由于多元气体的吸附实验需要在每个吸附平衡压力点对吸附气取样进行色谱成分分析,传统容量法仪器不容易控制取气量。Shale gas is the occurrence and accumulation of natural gas in shale reservoirs. It mainly exists in three states: free, dissolved and adsorbed. Among them, the adsorbed state is the main occurrence state of shale gas, and its proportion in the three states is Up to 85%, adsorption is also an important feature and cause of shale gas accumulation. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the adsorption characteristics of shale gas. At present, the research on the adsorption characteristics of shale refers to the research method of coalbed methane in many aspects. The volumetric method is a common method for high-pressure isothermal adsorption experiments of coal. It has the following problems: 1) The volume of the adsorption tank of the traditional volumetric method instrument is relatively small, and the amount of shale samples that can be loaded in the measurement is small. Since the adsorption amount of shale is much smaller than that of coal, too little shale The pressure drop caused by the sample is very small, and the measurement error is too large; 2) The volume ratio of the traditional volumetric instrument adsorption tank to the standard chamber is about 1:1, which makes the free space volume in the whole system larger. During the carbon isotope fractionation effect in the desorption process, the gas in the free space will have a greater dilution effect on the fractionation effect, and the fractionation effect will become less obvious; 3) CO 2 gas will be corrosive to a certain extent under high pressure, and the traditional capacity The instrument of this method is generally aimed at the isothermal adsorption of methane by coal, so the material does not pay attention to the corrosion resistance characteristics; 4) When performing the shale competitive adsorption experiment on multi-component gases, due to the difference in the molecular mass of CH 4 /CO 2 Stratification will be formed, and the traditional volumetric instrument cannot solve this problem; 5) The traditional volumetric instrument is difficult to accurately control when taking gas, because the adsorption experiment of multiple gases needs to be chromatographically performed on the adsorbed gas sample at each adsorption equilibrium pressure point. Composition analysis, traditional volumetric instruments are not easy to control the gas intake.

实用新型内容Utility model content

为了解决上述技术问题,本实用新型提供了一种新型的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置,能够用以探讨页岩对甲烷及多元气体的吸附特性及解吸过程中碳同位素的分馏效应。In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a new volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, which can be used to investigate the adsorption characteristics of shale to methane and multi-component gases and the fractionation effect of carbon isotopes in the desorption process.

本实用新型主要通过以下技术方案得以实现:The utility model is mainly realized through the following technical solutions:

一种容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置,该容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置包括吸附解吸单元、气体注入单元、恒温控制单元、真空单元和数据测量及采集单元;A volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device includes an adsorption and desorption unit, a gas injection unit, a constant temperature control unit, a vacuum unit, and a data measurement and acquisition unit;

所述吸附解吸单元包括标准室和吸附釜,所述标准室与所述吸附釜相连通;The adsorption-desorption unit includes a standard chamber and an adsorption kettle, and the standard chamber communicates with the adsorption kettle;

所述气体注入单元包括第一气瓶和第二气瓶,所述第一气瓶和第二气瓶分别与所述标准室相连通;The gas injection unit includes a first gas cylinder and a second gas cylinder, and the first gas cylinder and the second gas cylinder communicate with the standard chamber respectively;

所述恒温控制单元为保温机构,所述保温机构套设在所述标准室和所述吸附釜的外部;The constant temperature control unit is a heat preservation mechanism, and the heat preservation mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle;

所述真空单元为真空泵,所述真空泵与所述标准室和所述吸附釜分别相连通;The vacuum unit is a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump communicates with the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle respectively;

所述数据测量及采集单元包括第一温度传感器、第二温度传感器、第一压力传感器、数据通讯采集卡和计算机,所述标准室设置有所述第一温度传感器,所述吸附釜设置有所述第二温度传感器,所述吸附釜设置有所述第一压力传感器,所述数据通讯采集卡与所述第一温度传感器、第二温度传感器和第一压力传感器分别电连接,所述计算机与所述数据通讯采集卡相电连接。The data measurement and acquisition unit includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, a data communication acquisition card and a computer, the standard chamber is provided with the first temperature sensor, and the adsorption kettle is provided with The second temperature sensor, the adsorption kettle is provided with the first pressure sensor, the data communication acquisition card is electrically connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor respectively, and the computer and The data communication acquisition cards are electrically connected to each other.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述第一气瓶用于装入氦气,所述第二气瓶用于装入甲烷气或者多元气体(CH4/CO2、CH4/N2)。In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device, the first gas cylinder is used for filling helium, and the second gas cylinder is used for filling methane gas or multiple gases (CH 4 /CO 2 , CH 4 / N 2 ).

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选的,该容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置还包括气体增压单元,所述气体增压单元包括增压容器和增压泵;In the above volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, preferably, the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device further includes a gas booster unit, and the gas booster unit includes a booster container and a booster pump;

所述第一气瓶和第二气瓶分别与所述增压容器相连通,所述增压容器与所述标准室相连通,所述增压泵与所述增压容器相连通;The first gas cylinder and the second gas cylinder are respectively communicated with the pressurized container, the pressurized container is communicated with the standard chamber, and the booster pump is communicated with the pressurized container;

所述保温机构套设在所述标准室、所述增压容器和所述吸附釜的外部;The heat preservation mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the standard chamber, the pressurized container and the adsorption kettle;

所述数据测量及采集单元包括还包括第二压力传感器,所述增压容器设置有所述第二压力传感器,所述数据通讯采集卡与所述第二压力传感器相电连接。The data measurement and acquisition unit further includes a second pressure sensor, the pressurized container is provided with the second pressure sensor, and the data communication acquisition card is electrically connected to the second pressure sensor.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选的,所述保温机构为恒温水浴循环单元或恒温烘箱空气浴单元。In the above volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, preferably, the heat preservation mechanism is a constant temperature water bath circulation unit or a constant temperature oven air bath unit.

所述标准室与所述吸附釜的体积比约为1:3。The volume ratio of the standard chamber to the adsorption kettle is about 1:3.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述标准室容积约为100mL,所述吸附釜未放置样品前容积约为300mL。增大吸附釜体积以装入更多的页岩样品,可以减少实验误差,同时可以减少自由空间气体对同位素分馏效应的稀释作用。所述标准室和所述吸附釜材质均采用316L不锈钢材质,可以耐CO2腐蚀。所述标准室允许最大工作压力为50MPa,所述吸附釜允许最大工作压力为32MPa。In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, the volume of the standard chamber is about 100 mL, and the volume of the adsorption kettle before placing a sample is about 300 mL. Increasing the volume of the adsorption tank to load more shale samples can reduce the experimental error and reduce the dilution effect of the free space gas on the isotope fractionation effect. Both the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle are made of 316L stainless steel, which can resist CO2 corrosion. The standard chamber allows a maximum working pressure of 50MPa, and the adsorption kettle allows a maximum working pressure of 32MPa.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述真空泵可抽取实验装置内部压力至0.01MPa,实现对实验装置及整个管路中抽真空处理。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device described above, the vacuum pump can extract the internal pressure of the experimental device to 0.01 MPa, so as to realize vacuuming of the experimental device and the entire pipeline.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述通过数据通讯采集卡自动连续采集系统的温度和压力数据,并通过电连接传输至计算机电脑软件上进行数据分析处理,软件系统能够准确、连续记录数据并生成曲线,用以判断吸附平衡情况。In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, the temperature and pressure data of the system are automatically and continuously collected through the data communication acquisition card, and are transmitted to the computer software for data analysis and processing through an electrical connection. The software system can accurately and continuously Record the data and generate a curve to judge the adsorption equilibrium.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, preferably,

所述恒温水浴循环单元包括恒温控制水浴装置、循环保温水带管路、第一保温水带和第二保温水带;The constant temperature water bath circulation unit includes a constant temperature control water bath device, a circulating insulation hose pipeline, a first insulation hose and a second insulation hose;

所述第一保温水带套设在所述标准室的外壁,所述第二保温水带套设在所述吸附釜的外壁,所述第一保温水带、所述第二保温水带以及所述恒温控制水浴装置通过所述循环保温水带管路相连通并形成闭合环路。The first insulation hose is sleeved on the outer wall of the standard chamber, the second insulation hose is sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption kettle, the first insulation hose, the second insulation hose and The constant temperature control water bath device is connected through the pipeline of the circulating heat preservation hose to form a closed loop.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, preferably,

所述恒温水浴循环单元还包括第三保温水带;The constant temperature water bath circulation unit also includes a third thermal insulation belt;

所述第三保温水带套设在所述增压容器的外壁,所述第一保温水带、所述第二保温水带、所述第三保温水带以及所述恒温控制水浴装置通过所述循环保温水带管路相连通并形成闭合环路。The third thermal insulation hose is sleeved on the outer wall of the pressurized container, and the first thermal insulation hose, the second thermal insulation hose, the third thermal insulation hose and the constant temperature control water bath device pass through the The above-mentioned circulating heat preservation water belt pipelines are connected to form a closed loop.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述恒温烘箱空气浴单元为一精确控温的恒温烘箱。将所述标准室、所述吸附釜以及连接标准室与吸附釜的管路和控制阀等放置于该精确控温的恒温烘箱中进行保温。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device described above, the constant temperature oven air bath unit is a precisely controlled constant temperature oven. The standard chamber, the adsorption kettle, the pipelines and control valves connecting the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle are placed in the precisely temperature-controlled constant temperature oven for heat preservation.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述增压容器容积为1L,工作压力为50MPa,增压介质为水,泵筒材质为316L不锈钢材质,该增压容器用于装置中压力不足时进行增压泵增压为装置提供压力,满足实验要求。In the above volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, the volume of the pressurized container is 1L, the working pressure is 50MPa, the pressurized medium is water, and the material of the pump barrel is 316L stainless steel. The pressurized container is used for insufficient pressure in the device. The booster pump is boosted to provide pressure for the device to meet the experimental requirements.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,所述恒温水浴循环单元中的循环液采用水和乙二醇以7:1的比例配置而成,可在室温到90℃内,控温精确至0.1℃。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device described above, the circulating fluid in the constant temperature water bath circulation unit is made of water and ethylene glycol at a ratio of 7:1, and the temperature can be controlled accurately to 0.1°C.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,所述第一气瓶出口端设置有第一减压阀,所述第二气瓶出口端设置有第二减压阀。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device described above, preferably, the outlet end of the first gas cylinder is provided with a first decompression valve, and the outlet end of the second gas cylinder is provided with a second decompression valve.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,所述气体注入单元与所述标准室之间的管路上设置有进气阀,所述进气阀与所述标准室之间的管路为带加热保温的管路。In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, preferably, an inlet valve is arranged on the pipeline between the gas injection unit and the standard chamber, and the pipeline between the gas inlet valve and the standard chamber The road is a pipeline with heating and insulation.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,所述标准室和所述吸附釜分别在底部设置有搅拌机构,所述搅拌机构包括搅拌电机或磁力搅拌器。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device described above, preferably, the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle are respectively provided with a stirring mechanism at the bottom, and the stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor or a magnetic stirrer.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,搅拌机构可以调整转速、强力搅拌,防止多元气体发生分层现象。In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, the stirring mechanism can adjust the rotating speed and perform strong stirring to prevent stratification of multivariate gases.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,所述标准室和所述吸附釜相连接的管路上设置有第一过滤器;所述吸附釜出口端设置有第二过滤器和背压阀,所述第二过滤器与所述吸附釜相连通,所述背压阀与所述第二过滤器相连通;所述标准室还设置有排气阀。In the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, preferably, a first filter is arranged on the pipeline connected between the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle; a second filter and a back filter are arranged at the outlet end of the adsorption kettle. A pressure valve, the second filter communicates with the adsorption kettle, and the back pressure valve communicates with the second filter; the standard chamber is also provided with an exhaust valve.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,通过背压阀的调节,可以实现取气的精确控制。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device mentioned above, the precise control of gas extraction can be realized through the adjustment of the back pressure valve.

上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,优选地,所述吸附釜设置有安全超压保护阀,所述增压容器设置有安全超压保护阀。In the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device described above, preferably, the adsorption kettle is provided with a safety overpressure protection valve, and the pressurized container is provided with a safety overpressure protection valve.

上述容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中,根据实际情况,所述气体注入单元与所述增压容器之间的管路上设置有控制阀;所述真空泵与所述标准室之间的管路上设置有控制阀;所述标准室与所述吸附釜之间的管路上设置有吸附阀;所述恒温控制水浴装置相连通的循环保温水带管路上设置有控制阀。In the above volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, according to the actual situation, a control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the gas injection unit and the pressurized container; a control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the vacuum pump and the standard chamber. There is a control valve; an adsorption valve is set on the pipeline between the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle; a control valve is set on the pipeline of the circulating heat preservation water belt connected to the constant temperature control water bath device.

本实用新型有益效果:Beneficial effects of the utility model:

本实用新型容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置:The utility model capacity method shale isothermal adsorption experimental device:

(1)能够探讨页岩样品对CH4/CO2、CH4/N2等多组分气体的吸附能力的测定,吸附过程中釜体能抗CO2腐蚀且釜体内气体均匀不分层,同时能够在每个吸附平衡压力点做到取气的精确控制;(1) It is possible to discuss the determination of the adsorption capacity of shale samples to CH 4 /CO 2 , CH 4 /N 2 and other multi-component gases. Accurate control of gas intake can be achieved at each adsorption equilibrium pressure point;

(2)能够对页岩气解吸过程中甲烷碳同位素分馏效应进行探讨,减小吸附系统内自由空间气体对同位素分馏效应的稀释作用。(2) It can discuss the methane carbon isotope fractionation effect in the shale gas desorption process, and reduce the dilution effect of the free space gas in the adsorption system on the isotope fractionation effect.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为实施例1中容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device in embodiment 1;

图2为实施例2中容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置测试1号样品对CH4的吸附解吸曲线图。Fig. 2 is a graph showing the adsorption and desorption curves of sample No. 1 for CH 4 tested by the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device in Example 2.

附图符号说明:Explanation of reference symbols:

1标准室 2吸附釜 3第一气瓶 4第二气瓶 5真空泵 6恒温控制水浴装置 7增压容器 8增压泵 9第一温度传感器 10第二温度传感器 11第一压力传感器 12第二压力传感器 13第三保温水带 14第一保温水带 15第二保温水带 16第一减压阀 17第二减压阀 18搅拌电机 19搅拌电机 20第一过滤器 21第二过滤器 22背压阀 23进气阀 24安全超压保护阀 25安全超压保护阀 26排气阀 27控制阀 28控制阀 29吸附阀 30控制阀1 standard chamber 2 adsorption kettle 3 first gas cylinder 4 second gas cylinder 5 vacuum pump 6 constant temperature control water bath device 7 booster container 8 booster pump 9 first temperature sensor 10 second temperature sensor 11 first pressure sensor 12 second pressure Sensor 13 third insulation hose 14 first insulation hose 15 second insulation hose 16 first pressure reducing valve 17 second pressure reducing valve 18 stirring motor 19 stirring motor 20 first filter 21 second filter 22 back pressure Valve 23 Intake valve 24 Safety overpressure protection valve 25 Safety overpressure protection valve 26 Exhaust valve 27 Control valve 28 Control valve 29 Adsorption valve 30 Control valve

具体实施方式detailed description

为了对本实用新型的技术特征、目的和有益效果有更加清楚的理解,现对本实用新型的技术方案进行以下详细说明,但不能理解为对本实用新型的可实施范围的限定。In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purpose and beneficial effects of the present utility model, the technical solution of the present utility model is described in detail below, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of implementation of the utility model.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例提供了一种容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置,如图1所示,This embodiment provides a volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device, as shown in Figure 1,

该容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置包括吸附解吸单元、气体注入单元、恒温控制单元、真空单元和数据测量及采集单元。The volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device includes an adsorption and desorption unit, a gas injection unit, a constant temperature control unit, a vacuum unit, and a data measurement and acquisition unit.

吸附解吸单元包括标准室1和吸附釜2,标准室1与吸附釜2相连通;吸附釜2未放置样品时容积约为300mL,标准室1容积约为100mL。标准室1和吸附釜2的底部分别设置有搅拌电机18和19。搅拌电机可以调整转速、强力搅拌,防止多元气体发生分层现象。标准室1和吸附釜2相连接的管路上设置有控制阀29和第一过滤器20。标准室1设置有排气阀26。吸附釜2的出口端设置有第二过滤器21和背压阀22,背压阀22、第二过滤器21与吸附釜2依次相连通,通过背压阀的调节,可以实现取气的精确控制;标准室1还设置有排气阀26。The adsorption-desorption unit includes a standard chamber 1 and an adsorption kettle 2. The standard chamber 1 is connected to the adsorption kettle 2; the volume of the adsorption kettle 2 is about 300 mL when no sample is placed, and the volume of the standard chamber 1 is about 100 mL. Stirring motors 18 and 19 are respectively provided at the bottom of the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption kettle 2 . The stirring motor can adjust the speed and stir strongly to prevent the multi-element gas from stratifying. A control valve 29 and a first filter 20 are provided on the pipeline connecting the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption tank 2 . The standard chamber 1 is provided with an exhaust valve 26 . The outlet of the adsorption kettle 2 is provided with a second filter 21 and a back pressure valve 22. The back pressure valve 22 and the second filter 21 are connected to the adsorption kettle 2 in sequence. Through the adjustment of the back pressure valve, the accuracy of gas extraction can be realized. Control; standard chamber 1 is also provided with an exhaust valve 26 .

标准室容积约为100mL,吸附釜未放置样品前容积约为300mL。增大吸附釜体积以装入更多的页岩样品,可以减少实验误差,同时可以减少自由空间气体对同位素分馏效应的稀释作用。标准室和吸附釜材质均采用316L不锈钢材质,可以耐CO2腐蚀。标准室允许最大工作压力为50MPa,吸附釜允许最大工作压力为32MPa。The volume of the standard chamber is about 100mL, and the volume of the adsorption kettle before placing the sample is about 300mL. Increasing the volume of the adsorption tank to load more shale samples can reduce the experimental error and reduce the dilution effect of the free space gas on the isotope fractionation effect. Both the standard chamber and the adsorption kettle are made of 316L stainless steel, which is resistant to CO2 corrosion. The maximum allowable working pressure of the standard chamber is 50MPa, and the maximum allowable working pressure of the adsorption kettle is 32MPa.

气体注入单元包括第一气瓶3和第二气瓶4,第一气瓶3和第二气瓶4分别与标准室1相连通;第一气瓶3用于装入氦气,第二气瓶4用于装入甲烷气或者多元气体(CH4/CO2、CH4/N2)。The gas injection unit comprises a first gas cylinder 3 and a second gas cylinder 4, the first gas cylinder 3 and the second gas cylinder 4 communicate with the standard chamber 1 respectively; the first gas cylinder 3 is used to fill helium, and the second gas cylinder 4 Bottle 4 is used to charge methane gas or multiple gases (CH 4 /CO 2 , CH 4 /N 2 ).

本实施例容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置还包括气体增压单元,气体增压单元包括增压容器7和增压泵8;第一气瓶3和第二气瓶4分别与增压容器7相连通,气体增压单元与增压容器7之间的管路上设置有控制阀27,气体增压单元与标准室1之间的管路上设置有进气阀23,进气阀23与标准室1之间的管路为带加热保温的管路。增压容器7与标准室1相连通,增压泵8与增压容器7相连通。第一气瓶3出口端设置有第一减压阀16,第二气瓶4出口端设置有第二减压阀17。The volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device of this embodiment also includes a gas booster unit, which includes a booster container 7 and a booster pump 8; the first gas cylinder 3 and the second gas cylinder 4 are connected to the booster container 7 The pipeline between the gas pressurization unit and the pressurized container 7 is provided with a control valve 27, and the pipeline between the gas pressurization unit and the standard chamber 1 is provided with an intake valve 23, and the intake valve 23 is connected to the standard chamber The pipeline between 1 is a pipeline with heating insulation. The booster container 7 communicates with the standard chamber 1 , and the booster pump 8 communicates with the booster container 7 . The outlet end of the first gas cylinder 3 is provided with a first decompression valve 16 , and the outlet end of the second gas cylinder 4 is provided with a second decompression valve 17 .

增压容器容积为1L,工作压力为50MPa,增压介质为水,泵筒材质为316L不锈钢材质,该增压容器用于装置中压力不足时进行增压泵增压为装置提供压力,满足实验要求。The volume of the booster container is 1L, the working pressure is 50MPa, the booster medium is water, and the material of the pump barrel is 316L stainless steel. Require.

保温机构为恒温水浴循环单元,恒温水浴循环单元包括恒温控制水浴装置6、循环保温水带管路、第一保温水带14、第二保温水带15、第三保温水带13;第一保温水带14套设在标准室1的外壁,第二保温水带15套设在吸附釜2的外壁,第三保温水带13套设在增压容器7的外壁,第一保温水带14、第二保温水带15、第三保温水带13以及恒温控制水浴装置6通过循环保温水带管路相连通并形成闭合环路。恒温控制水浴装置6相连通的循环保温水带管路上设置有控制阀30。The heat preservation mechanism is a constant temperature water bath circulation unit, and the constant temperature water bath circulation unit includes a constant temperature control water bath device 6, a circulation heat preservation hose pipeline, a first heat preservation water belt 14, a second heat preservation water belt 15, and a third heat preservation water belt 13; 14 sets of water belts are set on the outer wall of the standard chamber 1, the second heat preservation water belt 15 is set on the outer wall of the adsorption kettle 2, the third heat preservation water belt 13 is set on the outer wall of the pressurized container 7, the first heat insulation water belt 14, The second heat preservation water belt 15, the third heat preservation water belt 13 and the constant temperature control water bath device 6 are connected through the circulation heat preservation water belt pipeline and form a closed loop. A control valve 30 is arranged on the pipeline of the circulating heat preservation water belt connected with the constant temperature control water bath device 6 .

真空单元为真空泵5,真空泵5与标准室1和吸附釜2分别相连通,真空泵5与标准室1之间的管路上设置有控制阀28。真空泵5可抽取实验装置内部压力至0.01MPa,实现对实验装置及整个管路中抽真空处理。The vacuum unit is a vacuum pump 5 which communicates with the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption kettle 2 respectively, and a control valve 28 is arranged on the pipeline between the vacuum pump 5 and the standard chamber 1 . The vacuum pump 5 can extract the internal pressure of the experimental device to 0.01 MPa, so as to realize the vacuum treatment of the experimental device and the entire pipeline.

数据测量及采集单元包括第一温度传感器9、第二温度传感器10、第一压力传感器11、第二压力传感器12、数据通讯采集卡和计算机,标准室1设置有第一温度传感器9,吸附釜2设置有第二温度传感器10,吸附釜2设置有第一压力传感器11,增压容器7设置有第二压力传感器12,所述数据通讯采集卡分别与第一温度传感器9、第二温度传感器10、第一压力传感器11和第二压力传感器12相电连接,计算机与数据通讯采集卡相电连接。通过数据通讯采集卡自动连续采集系统的温度和压力数据,并通过电连接传输至计算机电脑软件上进行数据分析处理,软件系统能够准确、连续记录数据并生成曲线,用以判断吸附平衡情况。The data measurement and acquisition unit includes a first temperature sensor 9, a second temperature sensor 10, a first pressure sensor 11, a second pressure sensor 12, a data communication acquisition card and a computer. The standard chamber 1 is provided with a first temperature sensor 9, an adsorption kettle 2 is provided with a second temperature sensor 10, the adsorption kettle 2 is provided with a first pressure sensor 11, and the pressurized container 7 is provided with a second pressure sensor 12, and the data communication acquisition card is connected with the first temperature sensor 9 and the second temperature sensor respectively 10. The first pressure sensor 11 and the second pressure sensor 12 are electrically connected, and the computer is electrically connected to the data communication acquisition card. The temperature and pressure data of the system are automatically and continuously collected through the data communication acquisition card, and transmitted to the computer software for data analysis and processing through the electrical connection. The software system can accurately and continuously record the data and generate curves to judge the adsorption balance.

吸附釜2设置有安全超压保护阀25,增压容器7设置有安全超压保护阀24。The adsorption kettle 2 is provided with a safety overpressure protection valve 25 , and the booster vessel 7 is provided with a safety overpressure protection valve 24 .

上述容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置中减压阀和压力传感器上压力范围为0-23MPa,温度传感器的温度范围为30-90℃;压力测量可精确到0.001MPa,温度控制可精确到0.1℃。The pressure range of the pressure reducing valve and the pressure sensor in the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device is 0-23MPa, and the temperature range of the temperature sensor is 30-90°C; the pressure measurement can be accurate to 0.001MPa, and the temperature control can be accurate to 0.1°C .

本实施例还提供容量法页岩等温吸附实验的方法,其使用上述的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置,具体操作步骤如下:This embodiment also provides a method for the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment, which uses the above-mentioned volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experiment device, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

(1)实验样品的制备。先将页岩岩心样品进行破碎、筛分处理,制备得到不同粒度的页岩颗粒。将筛分过的页岩颗粒放在105℃的烘箱内干燥24小时,除去样品中的水分,称重后放入吸附釜内;(1) Preparation of experimental samples. First, the shale core samples are crushed and sieved to prepare shale particles with different particle sizes. Dry the sieved shale particles in an oven at 105°C for 24 hours to remove the moisture in the sample, weigh them and put them into the adsorption kettle;

(2)仪器密闭性检测。首先关闭排气阀26,打开进气阀23、吸附阀29,控制第一减压阀16,向标准室1及吸附釜2中充入氦气,充入压力需高于等温吸附实验最高压力,系统采集标准室1和吸附釜2内的压力数据,压力在6h内保持不变,则视为系统气密性良好;(2) Instrument tightness testing. First close the exhaust valve 26, open the intake valve 23 and the adsorption valve 29, control the first decompression valve 16, and fill helium into the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption kettle 2, the filling pressure must be higher than the maximum pressure of the isothermal adsorption experiment , the system collects the pressure data in the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption kettle 2, and if the pressure remains unchanged within 6 hours, it is considered that the airtightness of the system is good;

(3)系统自由空间体积标定。利用氦气对标准室1及吸附釜2精确体积进行标定,通过在标准室1内放入已知体积的不锈钢标准块来改变标准室1的体积,且认为氦气在标准块表面不吸附,两次更换不同大小的标准块即可求出标准室1和吸附釜2的自由体积。首先采用真空泵5对系统进行抽真空,完成后向标准室1内充入一定压力的氦气,待其压力稳定后记录压力数据,然后打开吸附阀29,压力稳定后记录数据,应用物质守恒定律及气体状态方程即可进行计算;(3) System free space volume calibration. Use helium to calibrate the precise volume of the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption kettle 2, and change the volume of the standard chamber 1 by placing a stainless steel standard block of known volume in the standard chamber 1, and consider that helium does not adsorb on the surface of the standard block, The free volumes of the standard chamber 1 and the adsorption kettle 2 can be obtained by replacing the standard blocks of different sizes twice. First, the vacuum pump 5 is used to evacuate the system, and after completion, fill the standard chamber 1 with a certain pressure of helium, record the pressure data after the pressure is stable, then open the adsorption valve 29, record the data after the pressure is stable, and apply the law of conservation of matter And the gas state equation can be calculated;

(4)等温吸附实验。先用真空泵5对系统进行抽真空4h以上再进行吸附实验。关闭排气阀26和吸附阀29,打开进气阀23,控制第二减压阀17,向标准室1中充入甲烷气或多元气体(CH4/CO2、CH4/N2)至目标压力(计算得出),待其数据稳定后记录压力值。然后打开吸附阀29,使标准室1与吸附釜2连通,吸附开始,吸附平衡后记录系统压力值,计算此时体系中的气体吸附量,如果是探讨多元气体的竞争吸附问题则还需通过背压阀22取微量气体做色谱成分分析。根据实验需要,重复上述步骤逐步升高压力,直至实验要求的目标压力,完成吸附实验。保证每个压力点的平衡时间在12h以上。最终实验结果对应的吸附量为累积吸附量。(4) Isothermal adsorption experiment. First use the vacuum pump 5 to evacuate the system for more than 4 hours and then conduct the adsorption experiment. Close the exhaust valve 26 and the adsorption valve 29, open the intake valve 23, control the second decompression valve 17, and fill the standard chamber 1 with methane gas or multiple gases (CH 4 /CO 2 , CH 4 /N 2 ) to Target pressure (calculated), record the pressure value after the data is stable. Then open the adsorption valve 29, make the standard chamber 1 communicate with the adsorption kettle 2, the adsorption starts, record the system pressure value after the adsorption balance, and calculate the gas adsorption amount in the system at this time. The back pressure valve 22 takes trace gas for chromatographic component analysis. According to the needs of the experiment, repeat the above steps to gradually increase the pressure until the target pressure required by the experiment is reached, and the adsorption experiment is completed. Ensure that the equilibrium time of each pressure point is more than 12h. The adsorption amount corresponding to the final experimental result is the cumulative adsorption amount.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例提供了实施例1中容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置测试实验,采用页岩样品利用实施例1中容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置进行实验测试,样品的基本地质参数如表1所示,其中1号样品为对CH4的吸附,2号样品为对CH4/CO2的竞争吸附研究,实验温度均为30℃。This embodiment provides the test experiment of the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device in Example 1. The shale sample is used for the experimental test using the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device in Example 1. The basic geological parameters of the sample are shown in Table 1. Among them, sample No. 1 is for the adsorption of CH 4 , and sample No. 2 is for the competitive adsorption of CH 4 /CO 2 , and the experimental temperature is 30°C.

表1Table 1

序号serial number 地区area 时代era 岩性lithology 深度depth TOC(%)TOC(%) Ro(%)Ro(%) 11 四川宜宾Sichuan Yibin 志留系龙马溪组Silurian Longmaxi Formation 灰黑色泥岩gray black mudstone 1386.831386.83 0.560.56 1.931.93 22 四川宜宾Sichuan Yibin 志留系龙马溪组Silurian Longmaxi Formation 黑色页岩black shale 2440.92440.9 1.921.92 1.941.94

1号样品对CH4气体的吸附解吸结果如表2和图2所示,图2为吸附解吸曲线:The adsorption and desorption results of sample No. 1 to CH gas are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2, and Figure 2 is the adsorption and desorption curve:

表2Table 2

由表2数据和图2可以看出,在低压状态下,页岩样品的吸附量随着压力的上升而显著增大,在压力达到一定值后,页岩的吸附量趋于饱和,之后随着压力增大吸附量基本保持不变。0-10MPa为吸附量快速上升区,10-20MPa为吸附量平缓上升区,20MPa以后吸附量逐渐饱和。页岩样品吸附等温线表现为I型吸附等温线性质。解吸过程与吸附过程相似,甲烷在高压段基本没有发生解吸,当压力降至20MPa以后才逐步开始解吸,并在10MPa以后达到快速解吸阶段。From the data in Table 2 and Figure 2, it can be seen that under low pressure, the adsorption capacity of shale samples increases significantly with the increase of pressure. The adsorption capacity remained basically unchanged with increasing pressure. 0-10MPa is the region of rapid increase in adsorption capacity, 10-20MPa is the region of gentle increase in adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity is gradually saturated after 20MPa. The adsorption isotherm of shale samples shows the property of type I adsorption isotherm. The desorption process is similar to the adsorption process. The methane desorption basically does not occur in the high-pressure section, and the desorption starts gradually after the pressure drops to 20MPa, and reaches the rapid desorption stage after 10MPa.

2号样品对CH4/CO2的吸附数据如表3所示,所用混合气中CH4和CO2的比例约为1:1。The adsorption data of CH 4 /CO 2 for No. 2 sample are shown in Table 3, and the ratio of CH 4 and CO 2 in the mixed gas used is about 1:1.

表3table 3

由表3数据可以看出,在CH4和CO2混合气体吸附过程中,各组分间相互影响并竞争吸附,CO2作为强吸附质,其吸附能力优于CH4气体。It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that during the adsorption process of CH4 and CO2 mixed gas, the components interact and compete for adsorption. CO2 is a strong adsorbate, and its adsorption capacity is better than that of CH4 gas.

综上所述,本实用新型提供的容量法页岩等温吸附实验装置能够探讨页岩样品对CH4/CO2、CH4/N2等多组分气体的吸附能力的测定,吸附过程中釜体能抗CO2腐蚀且釜体内气体均匀不分层,同时能够在每个吸附平衡压力点做到取气的精确控制;而且该实验装置还能够对页岩气解吸过程中甲烷碳同位素分馏效应进行探讨,减小吸附系统内自由空间气体对同位素分馏效应的稀释作用。In summary, the volumetric shale isothermal adsorption experimental device provided by the utility model can explore the determination of the adsorption capacity of shale samples to CH 4 /CO 2 , CH 4 /N 2 and other multi-component gases. It is physically resistant to CO2 corrosion, and the gas in the kettle is uniform and non-stratified. At the same time, it can achieve precise control of gas extraction at each adsorption equilibrium pressure point; moreover, the experimental device can also analyze the methane carbon isotope fractionation effect during the shale gas desorption process. Discussion to reduce the dilution effect of the free space gas in the adsorption system on the isotope fractionation effect.

Claims (10)

1. a volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device, it is characterised in that: this volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device includes adsorption-desorption unit, gas injection unit, temperature control unit, vacuum unit and DATA REASONING and collecting unit;
Described adsorption-desorption unit includes standard chamber and absorption still, and described standard chamber is connected with described absorption still;
Described gas injection unit includes that the first gas cylinder and the second gas cylinder, described first gas cylinder and the second gas cylinder are connected with described standard chamber respectively;
Described temperature control unit is heat preservation mechanism, and described heat preservation mechanism is set in described standard chamber and the outside of described absorption still;
Described vacuum unit is vacuum pump, and described vacuum pump is respectively connected with leading to described standard chamber and described absorption still;
Described DATA REASONING and collecting unit include the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the first pressure transducer, data communication capture card and computer, described standard chamber is provided with described first temperature sensor, described absorption still is provided with described second temperature sensor, described absorption still is provided with described first pressure transducer, described data communication capture card is electrically connected with described first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first pressure transducer, and described computer is electrically connected with described data communication capture card.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device also includes that gas boosting unit, described gas boosting unit include pressurized container and booster pump;
Described first gas cylinder and the second gas cylinder are connected with described pressurized container respectively, and described pressurized container is connected with described standard chamber, and described booster pump is connected with described pressurized container;
Described heat preservation mechanism is set in described standard chamber, described pressurized container and the outside of described absorption still;
Described DATA REASONING and collecting unit also include that the second pressure transducer, described pressurized container are provided with described second pressure transducer, and described data communication capture card is electrically connected with described second pressure transducer.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described heat preservation mechanism is water bath with thermostatic control cycling element or constant temperature oven air bath unit;
Described standard chamber is 1:3 with the volume ratio of described absorption still.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described water bath with thermostatic control cycling element includes thermostatic control water bath device, circulation insulation water band pipeline, the first insulation water band and the second insulation water band;
Described first insulation water band is set in the outer wall of described standard chamber, described second insulation water band is set in the outer wall of described absorption still, and described first insulation water band, described second insulation water band and described thermostatic control water bath device are connected by described circulation insulation water band pipeline and are formed closed circuit.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described water bath with thermostatic control cycling element also includes the 3rd insulation water band;
Described 3rd insulation water band is set in the outer wall of described pressurized container, and described first insulation water band, described second insulation water band, described 3rd insulation water band and described thermostatic control water bath device are connected by described circulation insulation water band pipeline and are formed closed circuit.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first cylinder outlet end is provided with the first air relief valve, and described second cylinder outlet end is provided with the second air relief valve.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with intake valve on the pipeline between described gas injection unit and described standard chamber, the pipeline between described intake valve and described standard chamber is the pipeline of band heating and thermal insulation.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described standard chamber and described absorption still are provided with rabbling mechanism respectively in bottom, and described rabbling mechanism includes stirring motor or magnetic stirring apparatus.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with the first filter on the pipeline that described standard chamber is connected with described absorption still;The described absorption still port of export is provided with the second filter and counterbalance valve, and described second filter is connected with described absorption still, and described counterbalance valve is connected with described second filter;Described standard chamber is additionally provided with air bleeding valve.
Volumetric method shale adsorption isotherm experiment device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described absorption still is provided with safe overpressure protection valve, and described pressurized container is provided with safe overpressure protection valve.
CN201620290327.1U 2016-04-08 2016-04-08 Volumetric method shale isothermal adsorption experimental apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN205656091U (en)

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CN106644820A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-10 重庆科技学院 Shale gas desorption capacity tester under action of slickwater
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