CN205622245U - High reliability transmission line responds to draw -out power supply - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-reliability transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply, comprising: an energy harvesting unit, a winding switching control circuit, an impact protection circuit, a rectification filter circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit and a power supply management module; the energy harvesting unit includes an openable Closed annular iron core and secondary energy-taking coil with center tap. The secondary energy-taking coil has different gears. The winding switching control circuit determines the access circuit according to the output voltage amplitude and amplitude variation of the overvoltage protection circuit. The power management module includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, a charging control switch, a charging circuit, a lithium battery, and a power channel control switch. The charging control switch controls charging according to the output voltage amplitude and amplitude variation of the voltage sampling circuit. Whether the circuit charges the lithium battery. The utility model has simple structure and high working reliability, can not only improve the energy conversion utilization rate of the power supply, but also effectively reduce the minimum starting current, and has high engineering application value.

Description

A high-reliability transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply

technical field

The utility model relates to the relevant technical field of high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply, in particular to a high-reliability transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply, which is mainly used in the power supply of on-line monitoring devices such as AC transmission lines or high-voltage switch cabinets.

Background technique

With the development of power system relay protection technology, more and more monitoring equipment are installed on transmission lines or high-voltage primary equipment, such as transmission line on-line monitoring devices, icing monitoring devices, ring network cabinet status monitoring equipment, etc., therefore, Solving the power supply problem of monitoring equipment on the high-voltage side has become a new research hotspot. Common power supply methods mainly include solar power supply, battery power supply, laser power supply and ultrasonic power supply, etc. Due to problems such as volume, cost, output power, conversion efficiency, and insulation, the above methods have not been effectively used. High-voltage induction energy harvesting is to install an openable good magnetic conductor on the line, and use the principle of electromagnetic induction to intercept energy from the alternating magnetic field generated by the line current around it, and can provide stable power for monitoring equipment installed nearby. Good prospects for development. The minimum current in the line that can meet the normal operation of the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply is the minimum start-up current. Since the current fluctuation range of the transmission line is very large, the energy harvesting power supply needs to solve two problems: one is that when the line current is large and the energy harvesting is excessive, a reasonable energy discharge method must be adopted to ensure that the power supply maintains a stable output, otherwise it will burn out The second is that when the line current is less than the minimum starting current, it has a backup power supply to eliminate the dead zone of the power supply. In order to be able to adapt to work under a large current, a lower energy harvesting efficiency is often required, such as reducing the volume of the energy harvesting iron core or reducing the number of energy harvesting turns; Energy efficiency, such as increasing the volume of the energy-taking iron core. Therefore, it has become a technical difficulty in this technical field to make the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply not only have a lower minimum starting current, improve the energy harvesting efficiency, and eliminate the dead zone of the power supply; at the same time, it can still work reliably when the line current is too large.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a high-reliability transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply, which can significantly improve the energy harvesting efficiency through effective management of the power supply, eliminate the dead zone of power supply work, and provide stable power supply for online monitoring equipment.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

The high-reliability transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply is characterized in that it includes: an energy harvesting unit, a winding switching control circuit, an impact protection circuit, a rectification filter circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a power management module; The openable and closable ring core on the ring core is wound on the ring core with a secondary energy-taking coil with a middle tap. The secondary energy-taking coil converts the electric energy obtained by induction into AC output, and the winding switching control circuit according to the overvoltage The output voltage amplitude and amplitude change of the protection circuit select the winding of the secondary energy harvesting coil connected to the circuit. The rectification and filtering circuit converts the AC voltage output by the secondary energy harvesting coil into a DC voltage. The output terminal of the energy harvesting unit and the winding The input end of the switching control circuit is connected, the output end of the winding switching control circuit is connected to the input end of the impact protection circuit, the output end of the impact protection circuit is connected to the input end of the rectification filter circuit, the output end of the rectification filter circuit is connected to the overvoltage protection circuit The input terminal is connected, and the output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit is respectively connected with the input terminal of the winding switching control circuit for voltage detection and the input terminal of the power management module; the power management module includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, a charging control switch, a charging Circuit, lithium battery and power channel control switch, the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input terminal of the voltage sampling circuit, the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit is respectively connected with the input terminal of the charging control switch and the first input terminal of the power channel control switch , the input end of the charging control switch is connected to the output end of the voltage sampling circuit, the output end of the charging control switch is connected to the input end of the charging circuit, and the output end of the charging circuit is respectively connected to the positive terminal of the lithium battery and the second terminal of the power channel control switch. The input terminal is connected, the output terminal of the power channel control switch is connected to the input terminal of the load, the charging control switch controls the on-off of the charging switch according to the output voltage amplitude and amplitude variation of the voltage sampling circuit, and the power channel control switch automatically selects the voltage regulator The higher end of the circuit output voltage and the positive terminal voltage of the lithium battery supplies power to the load.

Below is the further optimization or/and improvement to the utility model technical solution:

The winding switching control circuit includes a relay, a protection resistor, a first pull-up resistor, an optocoupler, a first pull-down resistor, a three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source, a first voltage stabilizing capacitor, a first current limiting resistor, a first NPN Transistor, the first voltage divider resistor, the second voltage divider resistor with adjustable resistance; one end of the protection resistor is connected to the relay, the other end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the light-emitting diode inside the optocoupler device, and the first pull-up One end of the resistor is connected to the output end of the power channel control switch, the other end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to the collector of the phototransistor inside the optocoupler device, and the emitter of the phototransistor inside the optocoupler device is connected to the isolation side ground. The negative end of the internal light-emitting diode is respectively connected to one end of the first pull-down resistor, one end of the first current-limiting resistor, and the base of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source, and the other end of the first pull-down resistor is grounded. The other end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the base of the first NPN transistor, and the collector of the first NPN transistor is respectively connected to the collector of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source, the positive terminal of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor, and the first voltage dividing resistor. One end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage dividing resistor, the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit, the emitter of the first NPN transistor is connected to the resistance adjustment end of the second voltage dividing resistor, three The emitter of the end-adjustable shunt reference source is respectively connected to the negative end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor and grounded.

The above voltage sampling circuit includes a third voltage dividing resistor and a fourth voltage dividing resistor, one end of the third voltage dividing resistor is the input end of the voltage sampling circuit, the other end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor and As the output end of the voltage sampling circuit, the other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is grounded.

The charging control switch includes a second voltage stabilizing capacitor, a fifth voltage dividing resistor, a sixth voltage dividing resistor with adjustable resistance, a second NPN transistor, a voltage comparator, a second pull-up resistor, a second pull-down resistor, a first two pole tube, the second current limiting resistor, the third pull-up resistor and PNP triode, the positive terminal of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator, the negative terminal of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded, and the fifth point One end of the piezoresistor is connected to the collector of the second NPN transistor and used as the input end of the charging control switch, the other end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor is respectively connected to the emitter of the second NPN transistor and one end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor, the second The other end of the six voltage divider resistors is grounded, the resistance adjustment end of the sixth voltage divider resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the voltage comparator, and one end of the second pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the collector of the second NPN transistor and the third pull-up resistor One end of the second pull-up resistor is connected to the base of the second NPN transistor, the negative end of the first diode and one end of the second pull-down resistor respectively, and the other end of the second pull-down resistor is connected to the voltage comparator The negative end of the input power supply is connected to ground, the positive end of the first diode is connected to one end of the second current limiting resistor, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is respectively connected to the other end of the third pull-up resistor and the base of the PNP transistor. The collector of the PNP transistor is the output terminal of the charging control switch.

The above-mentioned power channel control switch includes a second diode and a third diode, the positive terminal of the second diode is the first input terminal of the power channel control switch, the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the third diode The negative terminal of the tube is connected as the output terminal of the power channel control switch, and the positive terminal of the third diode is respectively connected with the output terminal of the charging circuit and the positive terminal of the lithium battery as the second input terminal of the power channel control switch.

The above-mentioned power channel control switch includes a dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413, the input terminal of the power channel control switch is connected to one end of the fourth pull-up resistor, and the other end of the fourth pull-up resistor is connected to the channel status indication pin of the dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413 , the channel state indication pin of the dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413 is connected to the I/O port of the load microprocessor, which is used to indicate that the current power supply channel is a voltage regulator circuit or a lithium battery.

The total winding of the above-mentioned secondary energy-taking coil is the winding when the output power of the iron core of the current specification is maximized, and the center tap is located in the middle of the total winding to form a sub-coil. circuit, the winding switching control circuit makes the secondary energy-taking coil switch, and the sub-winding is connected to the circuit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the power management module of the utility model.

Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the utility model winding switching control.

Fig. 4 is the utility model voltage sampling circuit diagram.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the charging control switch of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a power management module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of the power management module of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is an experimental test diagram of the winding switching control circuit of the utility model.

Fig. 10 is an experimental test diagram of the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply of the present invention.

The codes in the drawings are: 1 is the energy-taking unit, 2 is the winding switching control circuit, 3 is the impact protection circuit, 4 is the rectification filter circuit, 5 is the overvoltage protection circuit, 6 is the power management module, 601 is the voltage regulator Circuit, 602 is the voltage sampling circuit, 603 is the charging control switch, 604 is the charging circuit, 605 is the power channel control switch, BAT is the lithium battery, 7 is the load, Vin is the output voltage of the overvoltage protection circuit, VCC is the power channel control switch Output terminal, U1 is a relay, R1 is a protection resistor, R2 is the first pull-up resistor, U2 is an optocoupler device, GND is the isolation side ground, JGND is the ground, R3 is the first pull-down resistor, and Q1 is a three-terminal adjustable Shunt reference source, C1 is the first voltage stabilizing capacitor, R4 is the first current limiting resistor, Q2 is the first NPN transistor, R5 is the first voltage dividing resistor, R6 is the second voltage dividing resistor, R7 is the third voltage dividing resistor , R8 is the fourth voltage dividing resistor, C2 is the second voltage stabilizing capacitor, R9 is the fifth voltage dividing resistor, Q3 is the second NPN triode, R10 is the sixth voltage dividing resistor, R11 is the second pull-up resistor, R12 is The second pull-down resistor, U3 is the voltage comparator, D1 is the first diode, R13 is the second current limiting resistor, D2 is the second diode, D3 is the third diode, Q4 is the PNP transistor, V1 is The output terminal of the voltage sampling circuit, V2 is the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit, V3 is the output terminal of the charging control switch, C3 is the filter capacitor, and R15 is the third pull-up resistor.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

Embodiment one

Figure 1 shows the structure block diagram of the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply. The high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply includes an energy harvesting unit 1 , a winding switching control circuit 2 , an impact protection circuit 3 , a rectification filter circuit 4 , an overvoltage protection circuit 5 and a power management module 6 . The output end of the energy-taking unit 1 is connected to the input end of the winding switching control circuit 2, the output end of the winding switching control circuit 2 is connected to the input end of the impact protection circuit 3, the output end of the impact protection circuit 3 is connected to the input end of the rectification filter circuit 4 The output end of the rectification filter circuit 4 is connected to the input end of the overvoltage protection circuit 5, and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 5 is connected to the input end of the winding switching control circuit 2 for voltage detection and the input end of the power management module 6 respectively. Connection; the openable and closable annular iron core of the energy harvesting unit 1 is set on the transmission wire, and the secondary energy harvesting coil with a center tap is wound on the annular iron core. The winding A-C is the main winding, and the winding B-C is the sub-winding. The voltage detection input terminal of the winding switching control circuit 2 monitors the output terminal voltage of the overvoltage protection circuit in real time, and when the output voltage assignment variation reaches the set value, the secondary energy-taking coil of the energy-taking unit 1 is switched from the main winding A-C to the sub-winding B-C; when the output power of the winding switching control circuit 2 is too large, the impact protection circuit 3 changes the high impedance of the two poles to low impedance, absorbs the surge power, and clamps the voltage between the two poles at a predetermined value to prevent excessive instantaneous Voltage damage or interference breakdown to protect subsequent circuits; the rectification filter circuit 4 converts the AC voltage output by the impact protection circuit 3 into a DC voltage, and the overvoltage protection circuit includes a hysteresis comparator and a MOSFET field effect tube. When the rectification filter circuit 4 outputs a DC voltage When the voltage is lower than the threshold voltage of the overvoltage protection circuit 5, the output of the hysteresis comparator is open, and the MOSFET field effect transistor is turned on. The tube is disconnected, further disconnecting the connection with the power management module 6, and protecting the subsequent circuit; the power management module 6 converts the DC voltage output by the overvoltage protection circuit 5 into the DC voltage required by the load 7, and uses it as an energy storage device Lithium battery charge and discharge control.

As shown in Figure 2 is a block diagram of the power management module. The power management module 6 includes a voltage stabilizing circuit 601, a voltage sampling circuit 602, a charging control switch 603, a charging circuit 604, a power channel control switch 605, and a lithium battery BAT. The input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 601 is connected to the input end of the voltage sampling circuit 602, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 602 is respectively connected to the input end of the charging control switch 603 and the first input end of the power channel control switch 605, and the charging control switch 603 The input terminal of the charging circuit is connected to the output terminal Vin of the voltage sampling circuit, the output terminal of the charging control switch 603 is connected to the input terminal of the charging circuit 604, and the output terminal of the charging circuit 604 is respectively connected to the positive terminal of the lithium battery BAT and the power channel control switch 605. The second input end is connected, and the output end of the power channel control switch 605 is connected to the input end of the load. The voltage stabilizing circuit 601 converts the output voltage Vin of the overvoltage protection circuit into the voltage required by the load 7; the charging control switch 603 controls the on-off of the charging switch according to the amplitude and amplitude variation of the output voltage Vin of the voltage sampling circuit, when the voltage sampling circuit When the amplitude of the output voltage Vin is greater than the voltage setting value of the charging control switch 603, the charging switch is turned on, and the charging circuit 604 charges the lithium battery BAT; when the amplitude of the output voltage Vin of the voltage sampling circuit is less than the voltage setting value of the charging control switch 603 and When the amplitude change is satisfied, the charging switch is turned off, and the charging circuit 604 stops charging the lithium battery BAT; the power channel control switch 605 automatically selects the one with the higher voltage according to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit 601 and the voltage of the positive terminal of the lithium battery BAT. One end supplies power to the load 7 .

As shown in Figure 3 is the winding switching control circuit diagram. The winding switching control circuit 2 includes a relay U1, a protection resistor R1, a first pull-up resistor R2, an optocoupler device U2, a first pull-down resistor R3, a three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1, a first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1, a first Current limiting resistor R4, first NPN transistor Q2, first voltage dividing resistor R5, second voltage dividing resistor R6 with adjustable resistance value; one end of protection resistor R1 is connected to relay U1, the other end of protection resistor R1 is connected to optocoupler device The positive end of the light-emitting diode inside U2 is connected, one end of the first pull-up resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal VCC of the power channel control switch, and the other end of the first pull-up resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the phototransistor inside the optocoupler device U2 connection, the emitter of the phototransistor inside the optocoupler device U2 is connected to the GND of the isolation side, and the negative end of the light emitting diode inside the optocoupler device U2 is respectively connected to one end of the first pull-down resistor R3, one end of the first current limiting resistor R4 and The base of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 is connected, the other end of the first pull-down resistor R3 is grounded to JGND, the other end of the first current limiting resistor R4 is connected to the base of the first NPN transistor Q2, and the first NPN transistor Q2 The collector of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1, the positive terminal of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R5 and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R6 are respectively connected, the first voltage dividing The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal Vin of the overvoltage protection circuit, the emitter of the first NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the resistance adjustment terminal of the second voltage dividing resistor R6, and the emitter of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 is respectively connected to the The negative end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor R6 and grounded to JGND. The working principle of this circuit is: when the input voltage of the collector of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 is lower than the breakdown voltage, the internal triode is in the cut-off state, the output is high, the first NPN transistor is turned on, and the optocoupler device U2 is cut off. The relay U1 does not operate, and the total winding A-C of the secondary energy-taking coil is connected to the circuit; when the input voltage of the collector of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 is greater than the breakdown voltage, the internal triode is in the conduction state, and the output is low, and the first The pull-down resistor R3 pulls the base voltage of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 down to the ground potential, the first NPN transistor is turned off, and the resistance divider ratio of the first divider resistor R5 and the second divider resistor R6 increases, Further ensure that the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 is in a breakdown state, the optocoupler device U2 is turned on, the drive relay U1 operates, the total winding B-C of the secondary energy-taking coil is connected to the circuit, and the protection resistor R1 is used to prevent the current flowing into the relay U1 from overcurrent Great to burn it down. By controlling the on-off of the first NPN transistor to further adjust the resistance voltage-dividing ratio of the first voltage-dividing resistor R5 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R6, the relay operates when the input voltage of the collector of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source Q1 is greater than the breakdown voltage , and it must be satisfied that its value is less than the breakdown voltage and there is a certain amount of variation, the relay returns to the initial state, which greatly improves the anti-interference performance of the winding switching control circuit 2 .

As shown in Figure 4 is the voltage sampling circuit diagram. The voltage sampling circuit 602 includes a third voltage dividing resistor R7 and a fourth voltage dividing resistor R8. One end of the third voltage dividing resistor R7 is the input terminal of the voltage sampling circuit 602, which is connected to the output terminal Vin of the overvoltage protection circuit for detecting The amplitude and amplitude variation of the output voltage, the other end of the third voltage dividing resistor R7 is connected to one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R8 as the output terminal V1 of the voltage sampling circuit, the other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R8 One end is grounded.

As shown in Figure 5 is the circuit diagram of the charging control switch. The charging control switch 603 includes a second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2, a fifth voltage dividing resistor R9, a sixth voltage dividing resistor R10 with adjustable resistance, a second NPN transistor Q3, a voltage comparator U3, a second pull-up resistor R11, a second The pull-down resistor R12, the first diode D1, the second current limiting resistor R13, the third pull-up resistor R14 and the PNP transistor Q4, the positive terminal of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U3, The negative end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is grounded, and one end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor R9 is respectively connected to the output terminal V2 of the voltage stabilizing power supply and the collector of the second NPN transistor Q3 as the input terminal of the charging control switch. The other end of the piezoresistor R9 is respectively connected to the emitter of the second NPN transistor Q3 and one end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor R10, the other end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor R10 is grounded, and the resistance adjustment terminal of the sixth voltage dividing resistor R10 is connected to the voltage The non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U3 is connected, one end of the second pull-up resistor R11 is respectively connected with the collector of the second NPN transistor Q3 and one end of the third pull-up resistor R14, and the other end of the second pull-up resistor R11 is respectively connected with the first end of the third pull-up resistor R14. The base of the two NPN transistors Q3, the negative end of the first diode D1 are connected to one end of the second pull-down resistor R12, the other end of the second pull-down resistor R12 is connected to the negative end of the input power supply of the voltage comparator U3 and grounded, the first The positive end of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the second current limiting resistor R13, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor R13 is respectively connected to the other end of the third pull-up resistor R14 and the base of the PNP transistor Q4, and the PNP transistor Q4 The collector of the charging control switch is the output terminal V3. The working principle of this circuit is: the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is used to filter out the high-frequency burrs of V1 to keep the voltage stable. Resistor R11 pulls the base voltage of the second NPN transistor Q3 to a high level, the voltage value is determined by the resistance voltage division ratio of the second pull-up resistor R11 and the second pull-down resistor R12, the second NPN transistor Q3 is turned on, and the fifth voltage divider The resistor R9 is short-circuited, the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U3 is determined by the adjustable sixth voltage divider resistor R10, the PNP transistor Q4 is turned off, and the charging circuit 604 stops charging the lithium battery BAT; when V1 is greater than the voltage comparator U3 in-phase When the voltage at the input terminal is reached, the voltage comparator U3 flips over, the second pull-down resistor R11 pulls the base voltage of the second NPN transistor Q3 to the ground potential, the second NPN transistor Q3 is turned off, and the fifth voltage dividing resistor R9 is connected to the circuit. The voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U3 decreases, so that the voltage comparator U3 maintains a more stable flipping state, and the PNP transistor Q4 is saturated and turned on. The charging circuit 604 starts to charge the lithium battery BAT, and uses the unidirectional conductivity of the first diode D1 to charge the PNP triode. Transistor Q4 is protected, the second current-limiting resistor R13 prevents the PNP transistor Q4 base from being burned due to excessive current, and the third pull-up resistor R14 pulls the PNP transistor Q4 base to a high level to improve the circuit's anti-interference performance.

As shown in Figure 6 is the circuit diagram of the power management module. In this embodiment, the power channel control switch 605 includes a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, and the anode terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit and serves as the power channel control switch 605 The first input terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative terminal of the third diode D3 and is used as the output terminal VCC of the power channel control switch, and the positive terminal of the third diode D3 is respectively connected to the charging circuit The output terminal of the 604 is connected to the positive terminal of the lithium battery BAT and used as the second input terminal of the power channel control switch. This circuit uses the unidirectional conductivity of the diode to automatically select the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit and the positive terminal of the lithium battery with a higher voltage. One end supplies power to the load 7. When designing the circuit, the output voltage of the voltage regulator circuit is 5V, and the voltage of the lithium battery is 4.2V. The second diode D2 and the third diode D3 use germanium diodes with a lower conduction voltage drop. The on-time voltage drop is about 0.3V.

The circuit diagram of the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7 .

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 8 is the circuit diagram of the power management module. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the power channel control switch 605 includes a dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413 and a fourth pull-up resistor R15, the input terminal of the power channel control switch 605 is connected to one end of the fourth pull-up resistor R15, and the fourth The other end of the pull-up resistor R15 is connected to the channel status indication pin of the dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413, and the channel status indication pin of the dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413 is connected to the I/O port of the microprocessor in the load 7 to indicate the current The power supply channel is powered by a voltage regulator circuit or a lithium battery.

Embodiment Three

Specifically, the advantages and engineering application value of the utility model are further described according to the following examples. The technical solution disclosed in Embodiment 2 is applied to the on-line monitoring of icing on transmission lines. The load power consumption of the on-line monitoring equipment is 1.8W. In the cutting method, the total number of winding turns of the secondary energy-taking coil is 60 turns, and the number of sub-winding turns is 20 turns. The secondary energy-taking coils are all made of copper enameled wire with a diameter of 0.3mm. The experimental test results of the winding switching control circuit are shown in Table 1 and Figure 9.

Table 1. The relationship between the output voltage of the overvoltage protection circuit and the energy-taking winding of the secondary energy-taking coil and the test current

Test current 98A 108A 110A 122A 110A 108A 82A Overvoltage protection circuit output voltage 41.4V 42.8V 43.5V 45.2V 44.1V 43.1V 36.4V Secondary power coil A-C A-C B-C B-C B-C B-C A-C

When the test current rises to 98A, the magnetization curve of the iron core has entered the saturation region. At this time, the secondary energy-taking coil A-C is connected to the circuit. When the test current rises to 110A, the winding switching control circuit relay operates, and the secondary energy-taking coil switches to B-C. Connect to the circuit; when the test current rises to 122A, start to reduce the test current. When the test current drops to 110A and 108A, the winding switching control circuit relay does not act. When the test current drops to 82A, the winding switching control circuit relay acts. Secondary The energy-taking coil B-C is switched to A-C to access the circuit. The circuit effectively solves the problem that the current fluctuation of the transmission wire causes the relay to switch incorrectly, and improves the anti-interference performance of the circuit.

As shown in Figure 10 is the experimental test diagram of the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply. In this test, the relationship between the output voltage of the overvoltage protection circuit and the charging control switch and the test current is shown in Table 2.

Table 2. The relationship between the output voltage of the overvoltage protection circuit and the charging control switch and the test current

Test current 12A 20A 32A 100A 500A 1200A 1500A Overvoltage protection circuit output voltage 6.8V 10.4V 15.8V 43.1V 46.2V 47.1V 0V charging control switch disconnect disconnect turn on turn on turn on turn on disconnect

When the test current is 12A, the charging control switch is disconnected, and the output voltage of the power management module is 5V. If the charging control switch is short-circuited during the test, the load will be increased due to charging the lithium battery. At this time, the power management module The output voltage of the module is about 2.8V, which cannot supply power to the load, which effectively shows that the power management module can effectively reduce the minimum starting current and improve the reliability of power supply; when the test current rises to 32A, the charging control switch is turned on, and the charging circuit starts Charge the lithium battery; when the test current rises to 1500A, although the sub-winding B-C of the secondary energy-taking coil is connected to the circuit, the electric energy output by the induction is still too much, so the MOSFET field effect tube in the overvoltage protection circuit is turned off at this time, by The lithium battery supplies power to the load; and in actual engineering applications, the current of the transmission wire generally does not reach 1500A, so the high-voltage induction energy harvesting power supply can meet the engineering needs.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation manners of the utility model, but should not be interpreted as limiting the patent scope of the utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model patent should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A high-reliability transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply is characterized in that it includes: an energy harvesting unit, a winding switching control circuit, an impact protection circuit, a rectification filter circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a power management module; the energy harvesting unit includes The openable and closable annular iron core is set on the transmission wire, and the secondary energy-taking coil with a center tap is wound on the annular iron core. The output end of the energy-taking unit is connected to the input end of the winding switching control circuit, and the winding switching The output end of the control circuit is connected to the input end of the impact protection circuit, the output end of the impact protection circuit is connected to the input end of the rectification filter circuit, the output end of the rectification filter circuit is connected to the input end of the overvoltage protection circuit, and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit The ends are respectively connected to the input end of the winding switching control circuit for voltage detection and the input end of the power management module; the power management module includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, a charging control switch, a charging circuit, a lithium battery and a power channel control switch, The input terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the input terminal of the voltage sampling circuit, the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit is respectively connected to the input terminal of the charging control switch and the first input terminal of the power channel control switch, and the input terminal of the charging control switch is connected to the voltage sampling circuit. The output terminal of the circuit is connected, the output terminal of the charging control switch is connected with the input terminal of the charging circuit, the output terminal of the charging circuit is respectively connected with the positive terminal of the lithium battery and the second input terminal of the power channel control switch, and the output terminal of the power channel control switch connected to the input terminal of the load. 2. The high-reliability power transmission line induction power supply according to claim 1, wherein the winding switching control circuit includes a protection relay, a protection resistor, a first pull-up resistor, an optocoupler, a first pull-down resistor, Three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source, first voltage stabilizing capacitor, first current limiting resistor, first NPN triode, first voltage dividing resistor, second voltage dividing resistor with adjustable resistance; one end of the protection resistor is connected to the relay, The other end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the light-emitting diode inside the optocoupler device, one end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to the output end of the power channel control switch, and the other end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to the photosensitive diode inside the optocoupler device. The collector of the triode is connected, the emitter of the phototransistor inside the optocoupler device is connected to the isolation side ground, and the negative end of the light emitting diode inside the optocoupler device is respectively connected to one end of the first pull-down resistor, one end of the first current limiting resistor and three The base of the terminal adjustable shunt reference source is connected, the other end of the first pull-down resistor is grounded, the other end of the first current limiting resistor is connected to the base of the first NPN transistor, and the collector of the first NPN transistor is connected to the three terminals respectively. The collector of the adjustable shunt reference source, the positive terminal of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor are connected, and the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the output of the overvoltage protection circuit end connection, The emitter of the first NPN transistor is connected to the resistance adjustment end of the second voltage dividing resistor, and the emitter of the three-terminal adjustable shunt reference source is respectively connected to the negative terminal of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor. grounded. 3. The high-reliability transmission line inductive energy harvesting power supply according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the voltage sampling circuit includes a third voltage dividing resistor and a fourth voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the third voltage dividing resistor is a voltage The input end of the sampling circuit, the other end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor as the output end of the voltage sampling circuit, and the other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is grounded. 4. The high-reliability power transmission line inductive energy harvesting power supply according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the charging control switch includes a second voltage stabilizing capacitor, a fifth voltage dividing resistor, and a sixth voltage dividing resistor with adjustable resistance , the second NPN transistor, the voltage comparator, the second pull-up resistor, the second pull-down resistor, the first diode, the second current limiting resistor, the third pull-up resistor and the PNP transistor, the positive end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor Connected to the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator, the negative terminal of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded, one end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the collector of the second NPN transistor and used as the input terminal of the charging control switch, the fifth voltage dividing resistor The other end of the resistor is respectively connected to the emitter of the second NPN transistor and one end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor, the other end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor is grounded, the resistance adjustment end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the voltage comparator One end of the second pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the collector of the second NPN transistor and one end of the third pull-up resistor, and the other end of the second pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the base of the second NPN transistor and the first diode The negative end of the tube is connected to one end of the second pull-down resistor, the other end of the second pull-down resistor is connected to the negative end of the input power supply of the voltage comparator and grounded, the positive end of the first diode is connected to one end of the second current limiting resistor, The other end of the second current limiting resistor is respectively connected with the other end of the third pull-up resistor and the base of the PNP transistor, and the collector of the PNP transistor is the output end of the charging control switch. 5. The high-reliability power transmission line inductive energy harvesting power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that the charging control switch includes a second voltage stabilizing capacitor, a fifth voltage dividing resistor, a sixth voltage dividing resistor with adjustable resistance, and a sixth voltage dividing resistor. Two NPN transistors, a voltage comparator, a second pull-up resistor, a second pull-down resistor, a first diode, a second current limiting resistor, a third pull-up resistor and a PNP transistor, and the positive terminal of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected to the voltage The inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected, the negative terminal of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded, one end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor is connected with the collector of the second NPN transistor and used as the input terminal of the charge control switch, and the fifth voltage dividing resistor The other end is respectively connected to the emitter of the second NPN transistor and one end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor, the other end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor is grounded, and the resistance adjustment end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the voltage comparator, One end of the second pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the collector of the second NPN transistor and one end of the third pull-up resistor, and the other end of the second pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the base of the second NPN transistor and the first diode. The negative terminal is connected to one end of the second pull-down resistor, the other end of the second pull-down resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the input power supply of the voltage comparator and grounded, the positive terminal of the first diode is connected to one end of the second current limiting resistor, and the second The other end of the current limiting resistor is respectively connected with the other end of the third pull-up resistor and the base of the PNP transistor, and the collector of the PNP transistor is the output end of the charging control switch. 6. The high-reliability power transmission line inductive energy harvesting power supply according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power channel control switch includes a second diode and a third diode, and the positive end of the second diode is the first input terminal of the power channel control switch, the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the negative terminal of the third diode and serves as the output terminal of the power channel control switch, and the positive terminal of the third diode is respectively connected to the charging The output terminal of the circuit is connected with the positive terminal of the lithium battery and serves as the second input terminal of the power channel control switch. 7. The high-reliability transmission line inductive energy harvesting power supply according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power channel control switch comprises a dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413, the input terminal of the power channel control switch and the fourth pull-up resistor One end is connected, the other end of the fourth pull-up resistor is connected to the channel status indication pin of the dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413, and the channel status indication pin of the dual-channel ideal diode LTC4413 is connected to the I/O port of the load microprocessor for Indicates that the current power supply channel is a voltage regulator circuit or a lithium battery.