CN205621668U - Electromagnetic switch and use this electromagnetic switch's starter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electromagnetic switch, which relates to the technical field of starters of automobile engines or other engines, and can solve the technical problems of dead welding of electromagnetic switch contacts and excessively high switch covers. The electromagnetic switch includes: an electromagnetic coil, a moving iron core, a static iron core, a contact shaft and a contact piece, the electromagnetic coil generates an electromagnetic force to drive the moving iron core to push the contact shaft, which The feature is that the electromagnetic switch further includes a sleeve, which is sleeved on the contact shaft and can move along the direction of the contact shaft. The electromagnetic switch disclosed by the utility model has stable performance, long service life and low manufacturing cost. At the same time, the utility model also provides a starter using the electromagnetic switch.

Description

An electromagnetic switch and a starter using the electromagnetic switch

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of starters of automobile engines and other engines, in particular to an electromagnetic switch. Meanwhile, the utility model also relates to a starter using the electromagnetic switch.

Background technique

A starter (or "starter") is used in a vehicle to start the engine of the vehicle. The starter generally includes a DC motor, a transmission mechanism and a control mechanism. The control mechanism of the commonly used starter is an electromagnetic switch, which has the advantages of convenient use and reliable performance.

Electromagnetic switches are divided into integral electromagnetic switches and split electromagnetic switches according to whether the contact shaft and the moving iron core are fixed together. The conventional integrated electromagnetic switch is shown in Figure 1. The contact shaft is fixed with the moving iron core. When the moving iron core moves, the contact shaft also moves axially. Therefore, the integral electromagnetic switch is compared with Split electromagnetic switch, the height of the switch cover is higher. When the air gap length is 12.5mm and the contact margin is 2mm, the distance between the contact piece and the bolt is 10.5mm. A switch cover with a higher height not only lengthens the length of the electromagnetic switch, but also increases the cost of the electromagnetic switch.

In addition, there is a technical problem that the contacts of the electromagnetic switch are welded and cannot be opened or cannot be opened in time, that is, the contacts cannot be separated from the two contact bolts, and the two bolts are always in a conductive state, and the starter motor will always be energized to work. When the switch is finished and the contact is opened, the contact piece is required to be separated from the contact bolt quickly so as to reduce the electrical corrosion of the contact. At the same time, when the contact piece and the contact bolt are welded dead, it is also necessary to ensure that the contact piece can quickly disengage from the contact bolt. At this time, the contact piece return spring is required to provide sufficient return force to make the contact piece break away from the contact bolt in time. When the electromagnetic switch is finished working and the power is cut off, when the contact piece and the contact bolt are welded dead, there is a welding bonding force greater than the return spring force of the contact piece. At this time, the contact or starter motor may work for a long time and cause burnout, or even fire.

In view of this, how to design a new electromagnetic switch to eliminate the above-mentioned defects and deficiencies in the prior art is a problem to be solved urgently by relevant technical personnel in the industry.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the technical problems of the contact welding of the electromagnetic switch and the high height of the switch cover in the prior art, the utility model provides an electromagnetic switch which can effectively prevent the contact welding and reduce the height of the switch cover. Long life and low manufacturing cost.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above utility model, the utility model discloses an electromagnetic switch, comprising: an electromagnetic coil, a moving iron core, a static iron core, a contact piece shaft and a contact piece, the electromagnetic coil generates an electromagnetic force to drive The moving iron core pushes the contact shaft. It is characterized in that the electromagnetic switch also includes a sleeve, and the sleeve is sleeved on the contact shaft and can be moved along the direction of the contact shaft. Get some exercise.

Furthermore, the contact piece shaft has a trigger shoulder, the sleeve has a trigger step, and the trigger shoulder is matched with the trigger step.

Furthermore, a first lock pad is fixed on the contact piece shaft, and the first lock pad is located on a side of the sleeve away from the moving iron core.

Furthermore, a second lock pad is fixed on the sleeve, and the second lock pad is located on a side of the contact piece away from the moving iron core.

Further, the electromagnetic switch includes a moving iron core return spring, the moving iron core return spring is sleeved on the contact piece shaft, and is located on the side of the sleeve close to the moving iron core, for providing The restoring force that makes the moving iron core of the electromagnetic switch return to the initial state,

Furthermore, the electromagnetic switch includes a return spring of the contact piece, the return spring of the contact piece is partially sleeved on the shaft of the contact piece, and is located on the side of the sleeve away from the moving iron core, for providing The restoring force that makes the electromagnetic switch contacts return to the initial state,

Furthermore, the electromagnetic switch further includes a contact spring, the contact spring is sleeved on the sleeve for providing pressure when the contacts are closed.

Furthermore, the moving iron core and the contact piece shaft are fixed and integrated with each other.

The utility model also discloses a starter, which includes the electromagnetic switch described in any one of the above, a starter motor and a transmission mechanism, and is characterized in that the electromagnetic switch is used to control the conduction or stop of the starter motor, and the The transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the torque of the starter motor to an engine.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has the following advantages: first, the height of the switch cover is lower, the electromagnetic switch is smaller, and the cost is low; The risk of spot welding is dead, which prolongs the service life of the electromagnetic switch.

Description of drawings

The advantages and spirit of the present utility model can be further understood through the following detailed description of the utility model and the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an integral electromagnetic switch in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is one of structural representations of the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the second structural representation of the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the third structural diagram of the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the fourth schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model.

detailed description

Specific embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments described below, and the technical idea of the present invention can be implemented in combination with other known technologies or other technologies having the same functions as those known technologies.

In the description of the following specific embodiments, in order to clearly demonstrate the structure and working mode of the present utility model, it will be described with the help of many directional words, but "front", "rear", "left", "right", " Words such as "outside", "inside", "outwardly", "inwardly", "axially" and "radially" are to be understood as terms of convenience and should not be understood as words of limitation. In addition, the height of the switch cover described in this application document is the dimension X shown in Figure 2 of the specification.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an electromagnetic switch, which can shorten the height of the electromagnetic switch switch cover. At the same time, when the electromagnetic switch contacts are welded and cannot be opened, the welded contacts can be effectively opened, and the electromagnetic switch can be significantly reduced. Risk of welded contacts.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2-5 describe in detail the specific embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model. As shown in Figure 2, the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model has a body part including a switch case 10 and a switch cover 20 fixedly installed on the switch case 10, wherein two bolts 31, 32 are respectively connected to the battery and the starter motor, and both Fixedly installed on the switch cover 20. The static iron core 50 and the electromagnetic coil 60 are fixedly installed on the switch housing 10 . Under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil 60 , the moving iron core 40 can move axially to the right (direction A in the figure) in the electromagnetic switch, so that the moving iron core 40 and the static iron core 50 are in contact with each other.

The static iron core 50 has guiding through-holes passing through front and back. The guiding through hole is composed of a first through hole 51 and a second through hole 52 , and a trigger step 53 is provided at the intersection of the first through hole 51 and the second through hole 52 .

The contact piece shaft 70 is located in the inner cavity formed by the electromagnetic coil 60 , passes through the through hole of the static iron core 50 , and extends into the contact piece return spring 113 . The contact shaft 70 has a trigger shoulder 71, the shape of the trigger shoulder 71 matches the shape of the trigger step 82 of the sleeve, when the contact shaft 70 is in the initial position, the trigger shoulder 71 of the contact shaft 70 and the sleeve The trigger steps 82 do not touch each other. The electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model is an integral electromagnetic switch, that is, the contact piece shaft 70 and the moving iron core 40 are mutually fixed and integral. A first lock washer 101 is fixed on an end of the contact piece shaft 70 close to the contact piece 90 .

The sleeve 80 is located in the guide through hole of the static iron core 50 , sleeved on the contact shaft 70 , and can move axially along the contact shaft 70 between the moving iron core return spring 111 and the first lock pad 101 . The outer side of the sleeve 80 has a protrusion 81 , and one end of the protrusion 81 abuts against the trigger step 53 of the static iron core 50 . In addition, a triggering step 82 is arranged on the inner side of the sleeve 80 , and the triggering step 82 matches the shape of the triggering shoulder 71 of the contact shaft 70 . A second locking pad 102 is fixed on an end of the sleeve 80 close to the contact piece 90 .

The moving iron core return spring 111, the contact piece contact spring 112, and the contact piece return spring 113 are sleeved outside the contact piece shaft 70 in sequence, and the contact piece contact spring 112 is strictly speaking set on the sleeve 80 on the contact piece shaft 70 superior. The moving iron core return spring 111 is located between the bending edge of the contact piece shaft 70 and the sleeve 80, and is used to move the moving iron core 40 from the closed position (that is, the position where the moving iron core contacts the static iron core) when the switch is powered off. ) returns to the initial position (as shown in Figure 2). The contact piece contact spring 112 is located between the protrusion 81 of the sleeve and the contact piece 90 to provide pressure when the contact is closed (that is, the contact piece is in contact with the two bolts 31 , 32 ). One end of the contact piece return spring 113 is in contact with the sleeve 80, and the inner ring of the contact piece return spring 113 is in contact with the outer circle of the second lock pad 102, and the other end is in contact with the switch cover 20, so as to move the contact piece 90 from The closed state returns to the initial state (as shown in Figure 2).

The action sequence of the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model is as follows:

The first stage: the contact shaft 70 is from the initial position (as shown in FIG. 2 ) to the critical point where it contacts the trigger step 82 of the sleeve (as shown in FIG. 3 ).

Before the ignition switch is activated, the electromagnetic switch is shown in FIG. 2 , and the contact piece shaft 70 is at the initial position. When the electromagnetic coil 60 is powered, an electromagnetic force acting on the moving iron core 40 is generated. Under the action of electromagnetic force, the moving iron core 40 together with the contact shaft 70 moves to the right from the initial position until the contact shaft trigger shoulder 71 contacts with the sleeve trigger step 82 to form a hard contact. During this process, the moving iron core return spring 111 is compressed, and the contact piece return spring 113 is not compressed and does not deform because its own spring force is greater than the moving iron core return spring force. The sleeve 80 , the contact piece 90 , and the second lock pad 102 are not displaced, and the contact spring 112 between the sleeve 80 and the contact piece 90 is not compressed or deformed.

The second stage: the triggering shoulder 71 of the contact shaft contacts the trigger step 82 of the sleeve (as shown in FIG. 3 ) to the critical point where the contact piece 90 contacts the bolts 31 and 32 (as shown in FIG. 4 )

During the axial movement of the contact shaft 70 to the right, its trigger shoulder 71 will be in contact with the trigger step 82 of the sleeve (as shown in FIG. touch. The sleeve 80 is displaced to the right under the action of the contact shaft 70 , and the contact return spring 113 is compressed and deformed under the action of the sleeve 80 .

In this stage, the moving iron core return spring 111 is not further compressed. The contact piece 90 and the second lock washer 102 move axially together with the sleeve 80 , the contact piece 90 is not yet in contact with the bolts 31 , 32 , so the contact piece contact spring 112 is not compressed.

The third stage: from the critical point where the contact piece 90 contacts the bolts 31, 32 (as shown in Figure 4) to the critical point where the moving iron core 40 and the static iron core 50 contact each other (as shown in Figure 5)

After the contact piece 90 touches the bolts 31 and 32, the contact piece 90 no longer moves axially to the right, the moving iron core 40 continues to push the contact piece shaft 70 to move axially to the right, and the contact piece shaft 70 pushes the sleeve 80 to move axially to the right Move until the moving iron core 40 is in contact with the static iron core 50. During this process, the sleeve 80 compresses the contact piece return spring 113 and the contact piece contact spring 112 , and the moving iron core return spring 111 is not further compressed.

The fourth stage: when the electromagnetic switch is finished working and the power is cut off, the spring system pushes the moving iron core 40 and the contact piece 90 back to the initial position (as shown in Figure 2)

When the electromagnetic switch finishes working and is powered off, the electromagnetic force that the electromagnetic coil 60 acts on the moving iron core 40 disappears. The moving iron core 40 and the contact piece shaft 70 move axially to the left and return to the initial position.

At this stage, it is easy to happen that the contact piece 90 cannot be separated from the bolts 31, 32 or separated in time, and the contact is welded dead. In the prior art, after the operation of the electromagnetic switch is completed, the restoring force for the contact piece shaft 70 to return to the initial position is provided by the spring. When the contact piece 90 and the contact bolts 31, 32 are welded dead, there is a welding bonding force greater than that of the contact piece returning to its original position. In the case of spring force, the contact piece 90 cannot be separated from the bolts 31 and 32, and the contacts are welded dead. At this time, the electromagnetic switch contacts are likely to be burned or even caught fire. Bad.

What is different from the prior art is that the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model uses the kinetic energy of the moving iron core 40 to open the contacts. The moving iron core 40, the contact shaft 70 and the first lock pad 101 are fixed as a whole. The speed of moving iron core 40 is getting faster and faster during the return process. If there is a welding dead contact piece in the contact at this time and the bolts 31, 32 cannot be disengaged, the first lock pad 101 will hit the sleeve 80, and this is caused by the moving iron core. The impact force generated by the kinetic energy of the core 40 is much greater than the retreat force generated by the spring system, and the sleeve 80 transmits the impact force to the contact piece 90 through the second lock washer 102 , so that the contact piece 90 is separated from the contact.

Although the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model adopts an integral structure, since the contact shaft 70 has a trigger structure——the contact shaft triggers the shoulder 71, the contact 90 is in the first stage, at the trigger shoulder 71 Before touching the trigger step 82, it does not move together with the contact piece shaft 70, so the height of the switch cover 20 can still be the same as that of the split electromagnetic switch, without increasing the height of the switch cover 20 like a conventional integrated electromagnetic switch, which is the utility model. The electromagnetic switch length provided is shorter than that of conventional monolithic structures. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the starter electromagnetic switch is greatly reduced. Taking the accompanying drawing 2 of the specification as an example, when the electromagnetic switch is the same as the prior art integrated electromagnetic switch shown in the accompanying drawing 1 of the specification, it also has an air gap length of 12.5mm, and the contact margin of the contact piece 90 is also 2mm (contact The distance between sheet and lock pad), the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model, the distance from its contact sheet 90 to bolts 31, 32 is only 3mm, which is far less than the 10.5mm of the integral electromagnetic switch shown in accompanying drawing 1 of the specification. It should be noted that the contact margin is to ensure that the contact piece 90 contacts the bolts 31, 32 with a certain closing pressure in consideration of the tolerance and contact corrosion. After the contact piece 90 contacts the bolts 31, 32, the sleeve The barrel 80 is still moved by 2mm, ie the blade contact spring 112 is compressed by 2mm.

Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic switch provided by the utility model has the following advantages: first, the height of the switch cover is low, the electromagnetic switch is small, and the cost is low; The risk of spot welding is dead, which prolongs the service life of the electromagnetic switch.

Unless otherwise specified, the qualifiers similar to "first" and "second" appearing in this article do not refer to the limitation of time sequence, quantity, or importance, but are only for the purpose of combining one technology in this technical solution A characteristic is distinguished from another technical characteristic. Similarly, the qualifiers similar to "a" appearing in this article do not refer to a limitation on quantity, but describe technical features that have not appeared above. Likewise, modifiers like "about" and "approximately" that appear before numerals in this article generally include the original number, and their specific meanings should be understood in conjunction with the context. Similarly, unless it is a noun modified by a specific quantitative quantifier, it should be deemed to include both the singular form and the plural form in this article. In this technical solution, the singular number of the technical features can also be included. technical characteristics.

What is described in this specification is only a preferred specific embodiment of the utility model, and the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit the utility model. All technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments according to the concept of the utility model shall be within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. An electromagnetic switch, comprising: an electromagnetic coil, a moving iron core, a static iron core, a contact piece shaft and a contact piece, the electromagnetic coil generates an electromagnetic force to drive the moving iron core to push the contact piece The shaft, characterized in that the electromagnetic switch further includes a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the contact shaft and can move along the direction of the contact shaft. 2. The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1, wherein the contact piece shaft has a trigger shoulder, the sleeve has a trigger step, and the trigger shoulder and the trigger step match in shape. 3 . The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1 , wherein a first lock pad is fixed on the shaft of the contact piece, and the first lock pad is located on a side of the sleeve away from the moving iron core. 4 . 4. The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1, wherein a second lock pad is fixed on the sleeve, and the second lock pad is located on a side of the contact piece away from the moving iron core. 5. The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electromagnetic switch includes a moving iron core return spring, and the moving iron core return spring is sleeved on the contact piece shaft, and is located on the sleeve A side of the barrel close to the moving iron core is used to provide a restoring force for the electromagnetic switch moving iron core to return to the initial state. 6. The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electromagnetic switch includes a return spring of the contact piece, and the return spring of the contact piece is partially sleeved on the shaft of the contact piece, and is located on the sleeve The side of the barrel away from the moving iron core is used to provide a restoring force for the contact piece of the electromagnetic switch to return to the initial state. 7. The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electromagnetic switch further comprises a contact spring, and the contact spring is sleeved on the sleeve for providing contact closure. pressure. 8. The electromagnetic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, the moving iron core and the contact piece shaft are fixed and integrated with each other. 9. A starter, comprising an electromagnetic switch, a starter motor and a transmission mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electromagnetic switch is used to control the conduction or stop of the starter motor, so The transmission mechanism is used for transmitting a torque to an engine.