CN205551111U - When spherical corner inflation extrusion die of passageway - Google Patents

Abstract

The equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die has a tapered concave die. The concave die is equipped with an outlet channel, an expansion channel, a spherical corner and an inlet channel. The concave die is embedded in a mold sleeve with a matching taper. Equipped with a heating jacket, a punch is matched above the die, the top of the punch is embedded in the upper die fixing plate, and the top of the upper die fixing plate is connected with the upper die plate; the bottom of the die is fixed on the lower die plate by bolts, and the outlet channel It is connected with the plug bolts on the outside of the die through threads; the die is vertically split, and it is a left and right combined structure. The left and right parts of the die are combined and positioned by positioning pins and fastened by bolts; the channels are spherical The corner expansion extrusion die has the dual effects of "spherical shunt" and "expansion extrusion". The purpose is to effectively expand the scope of application of the traditional ECA process and the ability of fine-grain strengthening.

Description

Equal channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die

technical field

The utility model relates to the extrusion technical field of metal plastic processing, in particular to an equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die with dual functions of "spherical shunting" and "expansion extrusion".

Background technique

Grain refinement is one of the most effective ways to improve the comprehensive performance of materials. In recent years, the large plastic deformation method has been highly valued and deeply researched by the material science community because of its strong grain refinement ability and great modification effect on the strengthening and toughening of metal structural materials. Equal channel angular extrusion is the most representative and rapidly developing advanced technology in the large plastic deformation method. It can shear and break the grains through repeated multiple passes of severe plastic deformation without changing the cross-sectional size of the material, so as to accumulate large plastic strains, and then realize the microstructure refinement and performance improvement of materials under medium and low temperature conditions . However, in the process of continuous development and improvement of grain refinement technology, the ECA method also shows some limitations in nature. For example, the extrusion efficiency of the die is not high, the dead zone of deformation is easy to appear at the corner, the stress state of the billet is not ideal, the strain is difficult to control uniformly, and the head of the extruded billet is warped, etc., which limit the practical application of this process to a certain extent.

Therefore, it is indeed necessary to improve the traditional ECA die structure to overcome the above-mentioned process shortcomings and expand the application range and applicable objects of the ECA method.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing equal-channel angular extrusion method and mold structure, the utility model introduces the concepts of "spherical split flow" and "expansion extrusion", and provides an equal-channel spherical angular expansion extrusion mold. High compression efficiency, good deformation uniformity, and excellent billet quality.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die, including: upper template, upper mold fixing plate, punch, heating sleeve, mold cover, plug bolt, lower template, concave Die, outlet channel, expansion channel, spherical corner, die bolt, inlet channel, positioning pin, in the equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die, the concave die is a tapered body, and its internal sequence is provided with outlet channel, expansion Channel, spherical corner and entrance channel, the die is embedded in the mold sleeve with matching taper, the periphery of the mold sleeve is surrounded by a heating jacket, and the heating sleeve is heated by the power supply for the die and the mold sleeve. Punch, the top of the punch is embedded in the fixed plate of the upper die, the top of the fixed plate of the upper die is connected with the upper die plate, the die is fixed on the lower die plate by the bottom plate bolts, and one end of the outlet channel is connected with the plug bolt outside the die .

In the figure, the die is divided vertically and has a left and right combined structure. The left and right parts of the die are combined and positioned by positioning pins, and are connected and fastened by die bolts. The cavity at the junction constitutes the deformation of the entire die. The upper part of the channel is provided with an inlet channel, and the lower part is connected by a horizontal channel and a vertical channel whose cross-section is equal to the inlet channel. An expansion channel with a diameter larger than the diameter of the inlet channel is provided before the channel, and the inlet and outlet of the expansion channel are provided with a taper for transition matching and connection, thus forming a deformation channel of an equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die. The deformation channel mold has a rotation angle of 90°. The cross-section is circular, except for the spherical corner and the diameter of the expansion channel in the deformation channel is larger than the size of the inlet channel, the other channels have the same cross-sectional shape and size as the inlet channel, which provides extremely strong shearing action and hydrostatic pressure for deformation , and make the deformation of the billet continuous, coordinated and stable, which improves the extrusion work efficiency and the deformation quality of the billet.

The mold sleeve in the picture covers the die, which acts as a pressure bearing and a limit position during the extrusion process, and at the same time prevents the extruded material or the mold from being damaged and flying out to hurt people. After the mold sleeve covers the die, it is fixed on the lower formwork through the bottom plate bolts.

The heating sleeve in the picture is set on the outer wall of the mold sleeve, and the two are in close contact. After the power is turned on, the heat transfer method of contact conduction can effectively and quickly heat and keep the whole mold in accordance with the material characteristics and process temperature requirements. .

The punch in the figure is embedded in the upper die fixed plate, which is connected to the press through the upper die plate, and the length of the punch is the same as the length of the inlet channel, which is more convenient for the press to extrude the deformed blank.

When using for the first time, put the billet into the inlet channel, screw the plug bolt in the outlet channel, press the punch down, press the billet into the spherical corner, press the punch down and lift it up when it is in place, and at the same time , loosen and remove the plug bolt at the outlet channel, put the next billet in the inlet channel, and continue to extrude until the end; when the extrusion is completed, loosen the bottom plate bolt to remove the lower formwork, and eject the die, That is, the die bolts on the die can be loosened, and the positioning pins can be knocked out at the same time to separate the die, so that it is convenient to take out the deformed blank in the deformation channel and clean the inner cavity of the die in time and maintain it regularly.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. The utility model is provided with a spherical cavity at the corner of the mold. On the one hand, the transition effect of the spherical arc at the outer corner of the mold is used to promote the flow of the bottom metal to the lateral outlet channel, which improves the fluidity of the bottom metal and effectively avoids the formation of a metal flow dead zone at the outer corner; on the other hand, due to the spherical hollow The diameter of the cavity is larger than the size of the extrusion channel. When the billet passes through the corner of the die, various forms of deformation such as shearing, expansion, and extrusion will occur in sequence. The accumulated strain of the material will be greatly increased, and the extrusion efficiency will be greatly improved.

2. The utility model sets a section of expansion and extrusion channel with variable cross-section in the horizontal channel of the mold, so that the deformation of the billet at this stage is in a closed mold cavity, and the reaction caused by the positive extrusion "diameter reduction" at the outlet of the mold is used. The back pressure is used to increase the hydrostatic pressure of the material during the deformation process, so that the interior can reach an ideal three-dimensional compressive stress state, thereby reducing the deformation defects of the blank and the wear degree of the mold. At the same time, expansion extrusion also makes the plastic shear deformation of the material more severe, and the grain refinement effect and extrusion efficiency are higher.

3. The equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die designed by the utility model integrates various deformation processes into a pair of molds, which can realize the purpose of "one-time extrusion, multiple processes, and continuous deformation", so that the traditional equal-channel The scope of application of the angular extrusion process and the ability of fine-grain strengthening have been effectively expanded.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure principle of the utility model.

In the figure 1. Upper template, 2. Upper mold fixing plate, 3. Punch, 4. Heating sleeve, 5. Die sleeve, 6. Plug bolt, 7. Lower template, 8. Die, 9. Exit channel, 10. Expansion channel, 11. Spherical corner, 12. Die bolt, 13. Entry channel, 14. Locating pin.

detailed description

Equal channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die, including: upper die plate 1, upper die fixing plate 2, punch 3, heating sleeve 4, die sleeve 5, plug bolt 6, lower die plate 7, die 8, outlet channel 9, Expansion passage 10, spherical corner 11, die bolt 12, inlet passage 13, positioning pin 14, in the equal-channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die, the die 8 is a tapered body, and its interior is sequentially provided with an outlet passage 9 , an expansion passage 10, a spherical corner 11 and an inlet passage 13, the die 8 is embedded in a mold case 5 with a matching taper, and the periphery of the die case 5 is surrounded by a heating mantle 4, and the heating mantle 4 is used for the die 8 and the mold through a power supply. The sleeve 5 is heated, and the punch 3 is matched on the top of the die 8. The top of the punch 3 is embedded in the upper die fixing plate 2, and the top of the upper die fixing plate 2 is connected with the upper die plate 1. The die 8 passes through the bottom plate bolts Fixed on the lower template 7, one end of the outlet channel 9 is connected with the plug bolt 6 on the outside of the die 8.

In the figure, the die 8 is a vertical parting structure, which is a left and right combined structure. The left and right parts of the die 8 are combined and positioned by the positioning pin 14, and are connected and fastened by the die bolts 12. The deformation channel of the auxiliary mold has an inlet channel 13 at its upper entrance, and the lower part is connected by a horizontal channel and a vertical channel whose cross-section is equal to the inlet channel 13. The spherical corner 11 is provided with an expansion channel 10 whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the inlet channel before the outlet channel 9, and the inlet and outlet of the expansion channel 10 are provided with a taper for transition matching and connection, thereby forming a deformation channel of an equal channel spherical corner expansion extrusion die , the mold turning angle of the deformation channel is 90°, and its cross section is circular. In the deformation channel, except that the diameter of the spherical corner 11 and the expansion channel 10 are larger than the size of the inlet channel 13, the rest of the channels have the same cross-sectional shape and size as the inlet channel 13, This provides extremely strong shearing action and hydrostatic pressure for deformation, and makes the deformation of the billet continuous, coordinated and stable, improving the extrusion work efficiency and the deformation quality of the billet.

The mold sleeve 5 in the figure covers the die 8, which acts as a pressure bearing and a position limiter during the extrusion process, and simultaneously prevents the extruded material or the damaged mold from flying out and hurting people. After the mold cover 5 is entangled with the die 8, it is fixed on the lower formwork 7 by bottom plate bolts.

The heating sleeve 4 in the figure is set on the outer wall of the mold sleeve 5, and the two are in close contact. After the power is turned on, the heat transfer method of contact conduction can effectively and quickly heat the entire mold according to the material characteristics and process temperature requirements. and insulation.

The punch 3 in the figure is embedded in the upper mold fixed plate 2, and the upper mold fixed plate 2 is connected with the press through the upper template 1, and the length of the punch 3 is the same as the length of the inlet channel 13, which is more convenient for the press to squeeze Deformed blanks.

When using for the first time, put the blank into the inlet channel 13, screw the plug bolt 6 at the outlet channel 9, press the punch 3 downward, press the blank into the spherical corner 11, and press the punch 3 downward Lift it up after it is in place, and at the same time, loosen and remove the plug bolt 6 at the outlet passage 9, put the next billet in the inlet passage 13, and continue to extrude until the end; when the extrusion is completed, loosen the bottom plate bolt to remove Walk down the template 7, eject the die 8, that is, the die bolt 12 on the die 8 can be loosened, and the positioning pin 14 is knocked out at the same time, and the die 8 is separated, so that it is convenient to take out the deformed blank in the deformation channel and adjust the die 8 The inner cavity should be cleaned and maintained regularly.

Claims (4)

1. null1. spherical corner such as passage such as grade expands extrusion die，Including: cope match-plate pattern (1)、Upper mould fixed plate (2)、Drift (3)、Heating mantle (4)、Die sleeve (5)、Plug bolt (6)、Lower bolster (7)、Die (8)、Exit passageway (9)、Inflation channel (10)、Spherical corner (11)、Bolt (12)、Access road (13)、Alignment pin (14)，There is the die (8) of a tapering body Deng passage spherical corner expansion extrusion die，It is characterized in that: die (8) is internal is provided with exit passageway (9)、Inflation channel (10)、Spherical corner (11) and access road (13)，Die (8) embeds in the die sleeve (5) with identical tapering，The peripheral of die sleeve (5) surrounds equipped with heating mantle (4)，In die (8) top, coupling is provided with drift (3)，Drift (3) top is embedded in upper mould fixed plate (2)，The top of upper mould fixed plate (2) is connected with cope match-plate pattern (1)；Die (8) bottom is bolted on lower bolster (7), and exit passageway (9) is connected by the plug bolt (6) that screw thread is outside with die (8)；Die (8) is vertically to divide mould, and for left and right fabricated structure, die (8) left and right two parts are combined location by alignment pin (14), and connect fastening by bolt (12).
2. The spherical corner of passage such as grade the most according to claim 1 expands extrusion die, it is characterized in that: the porch of inflation channel (10) and exit are provided with certain taper, transition and linkage is carried out respectively with spherical corner (11) and exit passageway (9), thus the spherical corner of passage such as composition expands the deformation passage of extrusion die, deformation channel die corner is 90 °, and its cross section is circular.
3. The spherical corner of passage such as grade the most according to claim 1 expands extrusion die, it is characterized in that: waiting the spherical corner of passage to expand in extrusion die in addition to spherical corner (11) and inflation channel (10) diameter are more than the size of access road (13), rest channels all has same cross-sectional shape and size with access road (13).
4. The spherical corner of passage such as grade the most according to claim 1 expands extrusion die, it is characterized in that: the length of drift (3) is identical with the length of access road (13).