CN205540295U - Sun high accuracy tracking sensors device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-precision tracking sensor device for the sun, which comprises a box body, a box cover, an inner light cylinder and an outer light cylinder, the inner light cylinder and the outer light cylinder are coaxially arranged, and the outer light cylinder photosensitive resistor on the top of the outer light cylinder The two east and west photoresistors on the circuit board can judge the change of cloudy or sunny; The four photoresistors arranged in the north direction realize the large-scale rough tracking detection of the sun's light angle, and the light passes through the light hole in the center of the inner light tube to form a spot on the four-quadrant detector to achieve high-precision angle detection. The device of the utility model converts the angle of the sun's rays and the change of cloudy or sunny into digital signals in real time and outputs them through the waterproof joint, which can be used for tracking precision detection and tracking closed-loop feedback, and has the advantages of large detectable range, judgment of cloudy and sunny changes, convenient and quick installation, and high precision Advantages, greatly improved practicability, has a good promotion prospect.

Description

A sun high-precision tracking sensor device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of solar concentrated photovoltaic tracking power generation, in particular to a high-precision solar tracking sensor device.

Background technique

In the solar photovoltaic industry, especially the concentrated photovoltaic industry, the tracking accuracy directly affects the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules, and there are many factors that affect the tracking accuracy of the machine tracking the sun, including machine calculation accuracy, machine installation accuracy, and motor operation. Accuracy, wind load, etc. In many cases, not only need to know the actual tracking accuracy of the machine, scientifically evaluate the tracking accuracy, but also need to compare it with the theoretical tracking position to obtain tracking feedback information, so as to correct the tracking error of the tracking system and realize real-time High precision tracking.

The actual tracking system is a complex whole. At present, many tracking accuracy detection devices only solve the detection of tracking accuracy, and some are equipped with cloudy or sunny detection sensors. However, these sensor devices have little consideration for the actual tracking operation process of the machine. Initial orientation, the initial orientation information of the sun, and the influence of short-term wind load factors during operation, etc. When the machine deforms or the motor overshoots, the deviation angle of the machine exceeds the measurement angle range of the high-precision detector, resulting in no reference value for the measured value. All of the above have caused the limitations of most detection devices in the actual tracking process .

Utility model content

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a high-precision sun tracking sensor device, which has high precision and high practicability, and has the advantages of fast and convenient installation and simple use.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: provide a high-precision tracking sensor device for the sun, including a box body, a box cover, an inner light cylinder, an outer light cylinder, a four-quadrant detector circuit board, and a four-quadrant detector , Coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board, outer photoresistor circuit board, main circuit board, waterproof connector, the outer phototube is fixed above the box cover, the inner phototube is fixed inside the outer phototube, and the inner phototube is cylindrical , the center of the upper end surface of the inner light tube is provided with a light-through hole, the body of the outer light tube is cylindrical, the top is a round table, and a square groove is symmetrically opened on the east and west sides of the top of the outer light tube. It is used to install the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube; the lower end surface of the outer light tube and the box cover are provided with a round hole with the same outer diameter as the inner light tube, so that the upper part of the inner light tube is located in the outer light tube, and the inner light tube The lower part of the box is located in the box body; a photoresistor is welded on the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board, a photoresistor is welded on the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube, the outer light tube, the box body and the box cover form a closed structure, and the top of the outer light tube Open a circular light hole, use a circular plate glass to close the circular light hole, the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board is ring-shaped, and fix the light hole around the upper end surface of the inner light tube; the four-quadrant detector circuit board is fixed The four-quadrant detector is fixed on the four-quadrant detector circuit board on the lower end surface of the inner light tube; the signal output line of the four-quadrant detector circuit board, the signal output line of the coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board, the outer light tube photoresistor The signal output lines of the circuit board are respectively connected to the main circuit board.

According to the above-mentioned technical scheme, the main circuit board is fixed on the lower end surface of the box body, and is composed of a signal sampling circuit, a single-chip microcomputer, and an RS232 communication circuit. The signal output line of the photoresistor circuit board and the signal output line of the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube are connected, the output end of the signal sampling circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer; one end of the RS232 communication circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected with the waterproof connector.

According to the above technical scheme, there are four photoresistors arranged in the same east, west, south and north direction evenly distributed on the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board.

According to the above technical solution, the center of the upper end face of the inner light tube corresponds up and down to the center of the upper end face of the outer light tube.

According to the above technical scheme, the angle between the side surface of the conical top of the outer light tube and the horizontal plane is 67.5°.

According to the above technical solution, potting glue is used to seal between each square groove on the top of the outer light cylinder and each photosensitive resistor circuit board of the outer light cylinder.

According to the above technical scheme, the inner wall of the outer light tube and the inner wall and outer wall of the inner light tube are all blackened.

The working principle of the solar high-precision tracking sensor device of the utility model is: the sun rays pass through the circular flat glass on the top of the outer light tube, and simultaneously project to the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board on the upper part of the inner light tube and the four quadrants at the bottom of the inner light tube The surface of the detector forms a large spot and a small spot respectively, as shown in Figure 4, when the angle between the machine angle and the sunlight normal does not exceed the maximum detection angle α of the four-quadrant detector, the four-quadrant detector converts the small spot to The electric signal is sent to the main circuit board for processing, so as to realize accurate detection of the sun and output the signal through the waterproof connector to realize precise tracking; when the angle between the machine angle and the normal of the sun exceeds the maximum detection angle α of the four-quadrant detector, the sun The light is projected onto the coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board on the upper part of the inner light cylinder to form a large light spot, and it happens that one of the two photoresistors on a certain axis is completely irradiated by the large light spot, while the other is not irradiated at all. This state has been maintained until the machine tracking deviation angle is α+β, in order to achieve the most obvious signal output under the state of large-scale tracking detection, and because the inner wall of the outer light cylinder and the inner and outer walls of the inner light cylinder have been blackened, the ambient light and diffuse reflection light have relatively little influence on the detection value of the sensor, and have a great effect on the stability of the system; when the machine starts tracking at the initial moment, the sun light receiving plane of the machine remains horizontal, and the orientation is consistent with the sun rising orientation. When the sun shines on the photoresistor circuit board installed on the east side of the top of the phototube, and the photoresistor circuit board installed on the west side of the top of the phototube is not illuminated, then in sunny days, the photoresistor circuit board installed in the east The output value of the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board on the surface is larger than that of the west outer light tube photoresistor circuit board after processing. Realize the detection and judgment of cloudy or sunny weather.

The beneficial effects produced by the utility model are: the solar high-precision tracking sensor device of the utility model can achieve higher precision in detecting the direction of sunlight, the detection range is wider, and the detection and judgment of cloudy weather can be realized at the same time. There is also a unique design, which makes the angle data of fine tracking detection and rough tracking detection match. The four-quadrant detector for fine tracking and the photoresistor for coarse tracking and cloudy or sunny judgment are both electrically connected to the main circuit board, and the detected signals are converted into digital signals and then connected through waterproof connectors. The overall structure is simple and durable, easy to install and operate, and strong in practicability.

Description of drawings

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the sun high-precision tracking sensor device of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the sun high-precision tracking sensor device of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 is an assembly exploded view of the sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the light spot and the detection angle;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

In the embodiment of the utility model, a high-precision solar tracking sensor device is provided, including a box body, a box cover, an inner light cylinder, an outer light cylinder, a four-quadrant detector circuit board, a four-quadrant detector, and a rough tracking photoresistor circuit board , Outer light tube photoresistor circuit board, main circuit board, waterproof connector, the outer light tube is fixed on the top of the box cover, the inner light tube is fixed inside the outer light tube, the inner light tube is cylindrical, and the upper end surface of the inner light tube There is a light-through hole in the center. The barrel of the outer light tube is cylindrical and the top is a round platform. A square groove is symmetrically opened on the east and west sides of the top of the outer light tube. The square groove is used to install the light sensor of the outer light tube. Resistor circuit board; the lower end surface of the outer light tube and the box cover are provided with circular holes with the same outer diameter as the inner light tube, so that the upper part of the inner light tube is located in the outer light tube, and the lower part of the inner light tube is located in the box body; A photoresistor is welded on the coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board, and a photoresistor is welded on the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube. The outer light tube, the box body and the box cover form a closed structure. Use a circular plate glass to close the circular light hole, and the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board is ring-shaped, and is fixed around the light hole on the upper end surface of the inner light tube; the four-quadrant detector circuit board is fixed on the lower end surface of the inner light tube Above, the four-quadrant detector is fixed on the four-quadrant detector circuit board; the signal output line of the four-quadrant detector circuit board, the signal output line of the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board, and the signal output line of the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board are respectively Connect to the main circuit board. When the deviation angle of the tracking plane normal of the sun high-precision tracking sensor device relative to the sunlight normal exceeds the maximum detection angle α of the four-quadrant detector, the large light spot projected on the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board just completely deviates from one of the photosensitive Resistance until the tracking deviation angle is α+β, during which the photoresistors in different directions on the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board keep one completely illuminated and the other completely unirradiated, so as to achieve the most obvious deviation signal output value; β is the tracking deviation angle that can be detected by the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board; the above α+β is the maximum detection angle of the sun high-precision tracking sensor device. Further, the center of the light-through circular hole on the upper end surface of the inner light cylinder corresponds to the center of the outer light cylinder and the center of the four-quadrant detector circuit board. Wherein, the four-quadrant detector circuit board can be circular, and when installed at the bottom of the inner light tube, it is coaxial with the inner light tube. The four-quadrant detector is welded on the top of the four-quadrant detector circuit board and embedded in the inner light tube, and the light receiving plane is parallel to the light-incoming plane of the inner light tube; the four-quadrant detector is electrically connected to the main circuit board through the four-quadrant detector circuit board connect. After opening a round hole with the same outer diameter as the inner light tube on the box cover, a slot hole is set beside the round hole, which is used to pass through the signal output line of the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board and the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board. signal output line. The interior of the inner light tube is hollow. A disc is arranged at the bottom of the inner light tube, and the inner light tube is fixed with the outer light tube through the disc, and they are connected by bolts. The bottom of the outer light tube is assembled with the box cover, and a circular waterproof rubber ring is embedded on the assembly surface.

Further, the main circuit board is fixed on the lower surface of the box body, and is composed of a signal sampling circuit, a single-chip microcomputer, and an RS232 communication circuit. The signal output line of the circuit board is connected with the signal output line of the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube, the output end of the signal sampling circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer; one end of the RS232 communication circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected with the waterproof connector.

In the embodiment of the present invention, further, there are four same photoresistors arranged in east, west, south and north directions evenly distributed on the coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board.

Further, the center of the upper end surface of the inner light cylinder corresponds up and down to the center of the upper end surface of the outer light cylinder.

In the embodiment of the present invention, further, the included angle between the side surface of the frustum-shaped top of the outer light tube and the horizontal plane is 67.5°.

In the embodiment of the utility model, further, each square groove on the top of the outer light cylinder and each outer light cylinder photoresistor circuit board is sealed with potting glue.

Further, the inner wall of the outer light cylinder and the inner wall and outer wall of the inner light cylinder are all blackened.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 5, a kind of sun high-precision tracking sensor device is provided, including box body 4, box cover 8, inner light cylinder 12, outer light cylinder 13, four-quadrant detection Circuit board 6, four-quadrant detector 7, coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board, outer photoresistor circuit board 17, main circuit board, waterproof connector 3, the outer phototube is fixed on the top of the box cover, and the inner phototube is fixed on the outside Inside the light tube, the inner light tube is in the shape of a cylinder, and the center of the upper end of the inner light tube is provided with a light-through hole, the body of the outer light tube is cylindrical, and the top is a circular cone. The angle between the side surface and the horizontal plane is 67.5°. A square groove is symmetrically opened on the east and west sides of the top of the outer light tube. The square groove is used to install the photosensitive resistor circuit board of the outer light tube. Each square groove on the top of the outer light tube Use potting glue to seal with each outer phototube photoresistor circuit board. The inner wall of the outer light tube and the inner wall and outer wall of the inner light tube are all blackened. The lower end surface of the outer light tube and the box cover are provided with a circular hole with the same outer diameter as the inner light tube, so that the upper part of the inner light tube is located in the outer light tube, and the lower part of the inner light tube is located in the box body; the coarse tracking photoresistor A photoresistor 16 is welded on the circuit board 14, and a photoresistor is welded on the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board. The outer light tube, box body, and lid form a closed structure. Shaped flat glass 18 seals the circular light hole, and the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board is annular, and the light hole around the upper end surface of the inner light tube is fixed; the four-quadrant detector circuit board is fixed on the lower end surface of the inner light tube , the four-quadrant detector is fixed on the four-quadrant detector circuit board; the signal output line of the four-quadrant detector circuit board, the signal output line of the coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board, and the signal output line of the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board are respectively connected to the main circuit board. Among them, the inner light tube (12) is arranged inside the outer light tube (13) and assembled coaxially with the outer light tube (13), and the light-through circular hole on the upper end surface of the inner light tube is connected to the center of the outer light tube and four-quadrant detection. corresponding to the center of the circuit board. The four-quadrant detector circuit board can be circular, and when installed at the bottom of the inner light tube, it is coaxial with the inner light tube. The four-quadrant detector is welded on the top of the four-quadrant detector circuit board and embedded in the inner light tube, and the light receiving plane is parallel to the light-incoming plane of the inner light tube; the four-quadrant detector is electrically connected to the main circuit board through the four-quadrant detector circuit board connect. After opening a round hole with the same outer diameter as the inner light tube on the box cover, a slot hole is set beside the round hole, which is used to pass through the signal output line of the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board and the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board. signal output line. The interior of the inner light tube is hollow. A disc is arranged at the bottom of the inner light tube, and the inner light tube is fixed with the outer light tube through the disc, and bolts 11 are used to connect them. The bottom of the outer light tube is assembled with the box cover, fixed by bolts 10, and a circular waterproof rubber ring 9 is embedded on the assembly surface. The main circuit board is fixed on the lower surface of the box body, and is composed of a signal sampling circuit, a single-chip microcomputer, and an RS232 communication circuit. The signal output line is connected with the signal output line of the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube, the output end of the signal sampling circuit is connected with the single-chip computer; one end of the RS232 communication circuit is connected with the single-chip computer, and the other end is connected with the waterproof connector. Coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board is evenly distributed with four same photoresistors arranged in the east, west, south and north directions. Wherein the main circuit board 2 and the box body are fixed by bolts.

The two photoresistive circuit boards on the top of the external light tube in the east and west direction can judge the change of cloudy or sunny; The four photoresistors arranged in the east, west, south and north directions realize the large-scale rough tracking detection of the sun's light angle, and the light passes through the light-through hole in the center of the upper end face of the inner light tube to form a light spot on the four-quadrant detector to achieve high-precision detection Angle detection; the photoresistor on the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board is electrically connected with the four-quadrant detector circuit and the main circuit board; Angle and cloudy or sunny changes are converted into digital signals in real time and output through waterproof connectors, which can be used for tracking accuracy detection and tracking closed-loop feedback. It has strong interference ability, high precision, waterproof, greatly improved practicability, and has a good promotion prospect.

It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A sun high-precision tracking sensor device is characterized in that it comprises a box body, a box cover, an inner light cylinder, an outer light cylinder, a four-quadrant detector circuit board, a four-quadrant detector, a rough tracking photoresistor circuit board, and an outer light cylinder. Photoresistor circuit board, main circuit board, waterproof connector of the light tube, the outer light tube is fixed on the top of the box cover, the inner light tube is fixed inside the outer light tube, the inner light tube is cylindrical, and the center of the upper end surface of the inner light tube is A light-through hole is provided. The body of the outer light tube is cylindrical and the top is a round platform. A square slot is symmetrically opened on the east and west sides of the top of the outer light tube. The square slot is used to install the photoresistor circuit of the outer light tube. board; the lower end surface of the outer light tube and the box cover are provided with round holes with the same outer diameter as the inner light tube, so that the upper part of the inner light tube is located in the outer light tube, and the lower part of the inner light tube is located in the box body; rough tracking A photoresistor is welded on the photoresistor circuit board, and a photoresistor is welded on the photoresistor circuit board of the outer light tube. The outer light tube, the box body and the box cover form a closed structure. The circular light hole is closed by a flat glass, and the coarse tracking photoresistor circuit board is ring-shaped, and is fixed around the light hole on the upper end surface of the inner light tube; the four-quadrant detector circuit board is fixed on the lower end surface of the inner light tube, The four-quadrant detector is fixed on the four-quadrant detector circuit board; the signal output line of the four-quadrant detector circuit board, the signal output line of the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board, and the signal output line of the outer phototube photoresistor circuit board are respectively connected to main circuit board. 2. the sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the main circuit board is fixed on the lower end face of the box body, is made up of signal sampling circuit, single-chip microcomputer, RS232 communication circuit, the input terminal of signal sampling circuit Connect with the signal output line of the four-quadrant detector circuit board, the signal output line of the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board, and the signal output line of the outer light tube photoresistor circuit board, and connect the output end of the signal sampling circuit with the single-chip computer; RS232 communication circuit One end is connected to the microcontroller, and the other end is connected to the waterproof connector. 3. The sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that four photoresistors arranged in the same east, west, south and north directions are evenly distributed on the rough tracking photoresistor circuit board. 4. The sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center of the upper end surface of the inner light tube corresponds up and down to the center of the upper end surface of the outer light tube. 5. The sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle between the side surface of the frustum-shaped top of the outer light tube and the horizontal plane is 67.5°. 6. The sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a potting glue is used to seal between each square groove on the top of the outer light cylinder and each outer light cylinder photoresistor circuit board. 7. The sun high-precision tracking sensor device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner wall of the outer light cylinder and the inner and outer walls of the inner light cylinder have all been blackened.