CN205436606U - Reaction bed of microbiological treatment oiliness waste residue - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residue. The reaction bed is composed of an electric roller shutter, a nozzle, a water supply pipe, an oily waste residue, an aeration head, an aeration branch pipe, an aeration main pipe, a filtrate collection pipe, and a fixing seat. Composition, the reaction bed combines the advantages of composting method, prefabricated bed method and bioreactor method in microbial remediation technology, and can adjust the oxygen content in the reaction tank through the air supply system, and adjust the water content in the reaction tank through the water supply system , pH, nutrients, etc., the heat preservation and shading system regulates the temperature in the reactor, which provides a good growth environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the reaction bed, and greatly improves the efficiency of microorganisms in degrading petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. Compared with the existing soil tillage method, composting method and prefabricated bed method, the utility model has higher efficiency, and compared with the bioreactor, the utility model has the advantage of large-scale treatment of oily waste residue. The present invention solves the existing problems of poor microbial adaptability, low microbial activity, low treatment efficiency, and incomplete treatment effect in practical applications.

Description

A reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residue

technical field

The utility model relates to a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residue.

Background technique

Currently involved in microbial remediation technologies are:

(1) In situ bioremediation technology

Microbial in-situ remediation technology is to directly put chemical substances into the polluted soil, such as: N, P and other nutrients or support, to promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, or to inoculate highly efficient microorganisms that have been domesticated and cultivated, and to use the metabolism of microorganisms to decompose oil. purpose of hydrocarbons. The in-situ treatment method is to treat the contaminated soil in situ, and the soil basically does not need to be moved during the treatment. Since this technique does not require excavation of contaminated soil, it is a relatively economical means of remediation. This method includes: bacterial injection method, biological culture method, biological aeration method, soil tillage method, and biological stacking.

① Bacteria injection method

Directly insert pollution-degrading bacteria into the polluted soil, and at the same time provide the nutrients and trace elements such as N and P necessary for the growth and reproduction of these degrading bacteria.

②Biological culture method

Regularly add nutrients and hydrogen peroxide to the polluted soil, and supply oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide acts as an electron acceptor in the process of microbial metabolism, completely oxidizing pollutants into _CO2 and water.

③ Biological ventilation method

The biological aeration method is a biodegradation method of forced oxidation. At least two wells are drilled in the contaminated soil area, and blowers and air extractors are installed to force the air into the soil and then pump it away. Volatile and semi-volatile in the soil Sexual toxic substances will go out with it. This method is only suitable for porous soil structures.

④ Soil tillage

The soil tillage method is to cover the polluted soil on the land, and then plow the soil to make the polluted soil fully mix with the degrading microorganisms, and use the microorganisms in the soil to completely decompose the pollutants.

⑤ biopile method

A modified form of soil farming, biopiles usually include a perforated underdrain to collect leachate and recycle the air in the biopiles. Attached to one end of the underdrain is a vacuum pump that blows air into the biopile to encourage microbial growth. The biopile also includes a sprinkler and drip irrigation system to regulate the humidity and provide a good environment for the growth of microorganisms in order to improve the treatment efficiency.

(2) Microbial ectopic repair technology

Ex situ bioremediation is to move oil-contaminated soil to another site or bioreactor for remediation. Heterotopic repair usually has the advantages of saving repair time and easy control of the repair effect. But the investment cost is larger than in-situ restoration. Ex situ bioremediation includes: land cultivation method, prefabricated bed method, stacking treatment method, bioreactor and anaerobic biological treatment method.

① Composting method, that is, composting method (Composting) Generally, the composting method can be divided into four composting methods, namely embankment composting method, static composting method, closed composting method and container composting method. The composting method is to add soil conditioner to the contaminated soil to provide nutrients that promote microbial growth and petroleum biodegradation, so that natural microorganisms can degrade petroleum hydrocarbons, thereby achieving the purpose of bioremediation. This process is most effective for removing high concentrations of petroleum-based contaminants. The added substance or conditioner may be hay, mowed grass, leaves, wood chips, straw, sawdust or manure. The purpose of adding soil conditioners is to increase soil permeability, increase oxygen transport, improve soil texture, and provide energy for the rapid establishment of a large microbial population.

②Prefabricated bed method (Preparedbed bioremediation) The prefabricated bed has a filtrate collection and control discharge system, and the bottom surface is a material with low permeability, such as high-density polyethylene, clay or concrete. The oily sludge is transferred to a prefabricated bed that is optimally suited for the degradation of the pollutants by fertilization, irrigation, pH adjustment, and sometimes addition of microorganisms and surfactants. Compared with the in-situ treatment technology in the same area, the degradation rate of PAHs with 3 rings and more than 3 rings was significantly improved by the prefabricated bed treatment.

③ Bioreactor method (Slurry-phase bioremediation), also known as mud method, is a method of placing contaminated soil in a special reactor for treatment. The process of bioreactor treatment is as follows: move the excavated oil-contaminated soil into the reactor, add water to mix it to make it muddy, and at the same time add appropriate amount of nutrients and surfactants, blow in air, and vigorously stir to make the microorganisms Adequate contact with pollutants and increased oxygen concentration. In order to increase the degradation rate, domesticated microorganisms are often isolated from the previously treated soil in the reactor and added to the soil to be treated. After the oily soil is treated, the liquid part can be discharged into the disposal well (pit, pond) or used for other purposes (such as reuse), and the solid part can be applied to the farmland. The bioreactor method can also be used in the pretreatment of petroleum industry wastes to reduce the hydrocarbon content, followed by other treatments. After the treated soil is separated from the water, it is dehydrated and transported back to the original site. The treated effluent will be discharged directly or sent to the sewage treatment plant for further treatment depending on the water quality. The reaction device not only includes various small reactors that can be dragged, but also a pond that has been treated with anti-seepage.

3. Factors affecting microbial treatment technology

Among all microbial treatment methods and technologies, the key is to solve the environmental factors that affect microbial degradation of petroleum and organic matter. The influencing factors are shown in the table below. Through the scientific design of facilities and equipment, adjusting the microbial growth environment is the key to improving the efficiency of bioremediation.

Soil microorganisms degrade environmental factors

(1) Oxygen content control

In the natural environment, most petroleum hydrocarbons are degraded under aerobic conditions, because the degradation process of many hydrocarbons is essentially the oxidation process of hydrocarbons, which requires oxygenase and molecular The participation of oxygen, so the oxygen in the environment is an extremely important limiting factor for microorganisms. The content of oxygen determines the structure of the microbial community. Under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, the community structure is dominated by anaerobic microorganisms, while under aerobic conditions, the community structure is dominated by aerobic microorganisms. The rate of anaerobic degradation is slower than that of aerobic degradation.

(2) Temperature control

Temperature is an important factor affecting the growth, reproduction and metabolism of microorganisms. The degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by microorganisms relies on the catalysis of enzymes, and the activity of enzymes can only be exerted within a certain temperature range. If the temperature is too low, the activity of enzymes will be inhibited, and the activity of cells and metabolism will be weakened. As the temperature rises, the enzyme activity of microorganisms is strengthened, and the cell growth rate is accelerated. However, when the optimum temperature is exceeded, on the one hand, the activity of enzymes decreases, and some enzymes are even inactivated; Each microorganism can only grow within a certain range, and has the optimum growth temperature for its fastest growth and reproduction. Therefore, choosing an appropriate temperature is crucial to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the improvement of the degradation ability of pollutants.

(3) Moisture content control

If the water content in the soil is too low, microorganisms cannot get sufficient water supply, the cell activity is inhibited, and the metabolic rate is reduced; if the water content is too high, the effective capillary space is filled with water, which hinders the circulation of air and the supply of oxygen. When the water content in the soil is 30% to 90%, the degradation rate of microorganisms to petroleum hydrocarbons and organic matter is relatively high.

(4) pH adjustment

The pH value in the soil varies widely, ranging from 2.5 to 11.0. Most heterotrophic bacteria and fungi are in a neutral environment. The effect of pH on the growth of microorganisms is mainly to affect the enzyme activity in the cell, and can even affect DNA, The stability and synthesis of RNA and ATP, if the pH value is too high or too low will affect the degradation ability of microorganisms, so in practical engineering applications, in order to provide a good growth environment for microorganisms and improve the degradation efficiency of microorganisms on petroleum hydrocarbons, It is necessary to add a pH buffer to the waste residue to adjust the optimal value of microbial PAH degradation to 7.5-7.8. The treatment process varies according to the pH value, and the soil pH needs to be adjusted properly.

(5) Nutrient solution, fertilizer

In oily soils, nitrogen and phosphorus sources often become limiting factors for microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Because petroleum hydrocarbons contain a large amount of carbon and hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus elements are the main factors that affect the growth and reproduction of bacteria. The complete conversion of carbon in petroleum is the required N and P amounts. According to the C:N: Calculating the P ratio, if the C:N:P ratio in the soil does not reach the ratio required for bacterial metabolism, it will limit the metabolic rate of bacteria, thereby restricting the degradation of sludge pollution.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residues in view of the relevant factors affecting the existing microbial treatment technology. , aeration branch pipe, aeration main pipe, filtrate collection pipe, and fixed seat. The reaction bed combines the advantages of composting method, prefabricated bed method and bioreactor method in microbial remediation technology, and can adjust the reaction tank through the gas supply system. The oxygen content in the reaction tank is adjusted through the water supply system to adjust the water content, pH, nutrients, etc. in the reaction tank, and the heat preservation and shading system adjusts the temperature in the reactor to provide a good growth environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the reaction bed. Greatly improve the efficiency of microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. Compared with the existing soil tillage method, composting method and prefabricated bed method, the utility model has higher efficiency, and compared with the bioreactor, the utility model has the advantage of large-scale treatment of oily waste residue.

The utility model relates to a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residue. The reaction bed is composed of a reaction tank, a sunshade curtain, a nozzle, a water supply pipe, an oily waste residue, an aeration head, an aeration branch pipe, an aeration dry pipe, and a filtrate collector. tube and fixing seat, the sunshade curtain (1), nozzle (2) and water supply pipe (3) are respectively fixed on the fixing seats (9) at both ends of the reaction bed, and the reaction tank (10) is in the middle of the reaction bed. The bottom of (10) fixes the main aeration pipe (7) and the filtrate collection pipe (8) respectively, connects the branch aeration pipe (6) on the main aeration pipe (7), and is provided with an aeration pipe (6) on the branch aeration pipe (6). Angry head (5).

The oily waste residue (4) is piled up in the reaction tank (10).

The reaction bed is a prefabricated concrete structure.

The utility model relates to a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residues. The microbial strains in the reaction bed can be various microbial strains that efficiently degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. MicrobeLiftIND and MicrobeLiftHydro are microbial strains that can efficiently degrade petroleum hydrocarbons purchased from American Ecolabs in March 2015.

The utility model relates to a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residue. The reaction bed can adjust the oxygen content in the oily waste residue through the aeration pipe, and adjust the water content, pH value and nutrient content in the reaction bed through the water supply pipe. etc., the temperature in the reaction tank can be adjusted through the sunshade curtain, which provides a good growth environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the reaction bed, and greatly improves the efficiency of microorganisms in degrading petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

detailed description

Embodiments are further described and given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The oily waste residue was taken from the Wenmi Nanshan waste residue yard in Tuha Oilfield, and the waste residue components were mostly ground crude oil, tank bottom sludge, etc.

The utility model relates to a reaction bed for microbial treatment of oily waste residue, which is composed of a reaction tank, a sunshade curtain, a nozzle, a water supply pipe, an oily waste residue, an aeration head, an aeration branch pipe, an aeration main pipe, and a filtrate collection The sunshade curtain 1, the nozzle 2 and the water supply pipe 3 are respectively fixed on the fixing seats 9 at both ends of the reaction bed, and a nozzle 2 is arranged every 2m, and the sunshade curtain 1 and 1 are respectively fixed on the fixing seats 9 at both ends of the reaction bed. Nozzle 2 and water supply pipe 3 are reaction tank 10 in the middle of the reaction bed, fixed aeration main pipe 7 and filtrate collection pipe 8 at the bottom of reaction tank 10 respectively, connected aeration branch pipe 6 on aeration main pipe 7, and An aeration head 5 is provided on the aeration branch pipe 6; oily waste residue ⁴ is piled up in the reaction tank 10; The tank 10 is 250m long, 2.4m wide, and 0.4m deep, and the oily waste residue is stacked at a depth of 0.3m. A total of 100 reaction tanks are arranged in parallel;

When in use, use a forklift to send the oily waste residue 4 into the reaction tank 10 in the middle of the reaction bed, spread it with a thickness of 30cm, and spray water into the reaction tank through the water supply 3 and the nozzle 2, so that the water content of the oily waste residue 4 reaches 30 %, and then spray the microbial strains MicrobeLiftIND and MicrobeLiftHydro on the oily waste residue 4, the dosage per square meter is 30gMicrobeLiftHydro+140mLMicrobeLiftIND, once every 6 days, the treatment cycle is 2-4 months, after each spraying After microbial strains, use a tractor to plow to fully mix the microbial strains with the oily waste residue, thereby improving the air content inside the oily waste residue, and then use the water supply pipe 3 to spray water into the reaction tank 10 every three days to supplement the reaction. The water content inside the tank 10 is plowed with a tractor after replenishing water; the C, N, and P contents in the pretreated oily waste residue 4 are detected every 9 days, and the most suitable C:N:P for microorganisms is 100:10:1. A pressure differential fertilization tank is equipped next to the reaction bed. When the nutrients in the oily waste residue 4 are insufficient, the nutrients such as urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added to the fertilization tank, and are brought into the sprinkler irrigation system by water pressure to feed the oily waste residue. Add in 4; in order to provide sufficient oxygen for the oily waste residue 4, open the aeration main pipe 7 at the bottom of the reaction tank 10 every day, and regularly aerate and oxygenate through the aeration main pipe 7 on the aeration branch pipe 6 and the aeration head 5 hours; because this reaction bed is built outdoors, in summer, the outdoor temperature is higher, the sunshade curtain 1 is opened, covers on the reaction tank 10, avoids direct sunlight, prevents that the temperature in the reaction tank 10 is too high, affects microbial activity, simultaneously It can also reduce water evaporation; when the temperature is too high, spray water appropriately to cool down; when the outdoor temperature is low, open the sunshade 1 and cover it on the reaction tank 10 to keep warm, and the suitable temperature for the growth of microorganisms is 30°C-45°C ℃; pH adjustment: According to the growth characteristics of the microbial strains, the acidity and alkalinity of the oily waste residue 4 also has a great influence on the activity of the microbial strains, especially when the pH value of the oily waste residue 4 is acidic, it needs to be added to the reaction tank 10 Sprinkle quicklime inside, or spray lye through water supply pipe 3 and nozzle 2, and when the oily waste residue is alkaline, spray acid buffer through water supply pipe 3, and use a tractor to plow after spraying. The treatment process depends on the change of pH value. Regulates soil pH.

Claims (3)

1. the reaction bed of a microbial treatments oily waste residue, it is characterized in that this reaction bed is by reactive tank, abat vent, shower nozzle, feed pipe, oily waste residue, aeration head, aeration branch pipe, aeration main, collection filtrate pipe, fixing seat composition, the upper fixed shading curtain (1) respectively of fixing seat (9) at reaction bed two ends, shower nozzle (2) and feed pipe (3), it it is reactive tank (10) in the middle part of reaction bed, at the bottom of reactive tank (10) difference immobilized film main (7) and collection filtrate pipe (8), aeration main (7) connects aeration branch pipe (6), aeration branch pipe (6) is provided with aeration head (5).

The reaction bed of microbial treatments oily waste residue the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that stack oily waste residue (4) in reactive tank (10).

The reaction bed of microbial treatments oily waste residue the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this reaction bed is concrete prefabricated structure.