CN205298477U - Encircling type precision shaft system and intermediate assembling and adjusting structure thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an embracing precision shaft system and its intermediate assembly and adjustment structure, including a main shaft, a bearing seat, an encoder, a torque machine, a first angular contact ball bearing, a second angular contact ball bearing, load 1 and load 2, The main shaft includes a central shaft and the left end and right end of the shaft whose radial dimension is larger than the central shaft. The left end of the shaft and the right end of the shaft are coaxial with the central shaft. The shaft is connected by threaded fasteners; the left end of the shaft is connected to the bearing seat through the first angular contact ball bearing, the right end of the shaft is connected to the bearing seat through the second angular contact ball bearing, and the encoder and the torque machine are set between the two angular contact ball bearings On the main shaft of , load 1 and load 2 are respectively located on the main shaft outside the two angular contact ball bearings. The shaft system structure of the utility model not only greatly reduces the space of the shaft system, but also further improves the precision of the shaft system. At the same time, a load can be installed at the left and right ends, which increases the bearing capacity.

Description

An embracing precision shaft system and its intermediate adjustment structure

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of precision machinery assembly and adjustment, and relates to an enveloping precision shaft system and an intermediate assembly and adjustment structure thereof.

Background technique

In the design scheme of precision shafting, the following two forms are generally adopted:

Scheme 1: simply supported beam form. As shown in Figure 1, the A end is the positioning end, generally adopting a pair of centering bearings (such as angular contact ball bearing sets, using DB type or DF type installation); the right end is the supporting end, generally a traveling bearing (such as deep groove ball bearings). The encoder is installed at the positioning end, and the torque machine is installed at the supporting end. In general, the load is distributed in the middle in an "H" shape.

Solution 2: For small shafting or shafting with little change in ambient temperature, in order to save space and improve accuracy, a pair of centering bearings (such as angular contact ball bearing sets, using DB or DF type installation) can be used directly ) to form a precision shaft system, and an encoder and a torque motor are installed at both ends of it respectively. The structure is shown in Figure 2. In general, the load is distributed at both ends in a "T" shape.

Because in the precision shafting design, the angular contact ball bearing set is used as the positioning end, which can bear both radial force and axial force, so it is widely used. However, due to the characteristics of the angular contact ball bearing group, no matter whether scheme 1 or scheme 2 is adopted, the span of the shafting system cannot be too small in space, and the load is limited to a certain extent.

Contents of the invention

In the case of strict requirements on the size and weight of the shafting, especially for the precision shafting of "small shafting, large (relative to the weight load of the shafting itself and large) load", the shafting in the background technology is used The solutions often fail to meet the requirements. Therefore, the utility model provides an enveloping precision shaft system, and at the same time proposes an intermediate assembly and adjustment structure for the enveloping precision shaft system.

The technical solution of the utility model is:

The embracing precision shaft system provided by the utility model includes a main shaft, a bearing seat 3, an encoder, a torque machine, a first angular contact ball bearing 1, a second angular contact ball bearing 12, a load 1 and a load 2, and its special at:

Described main shaft comprises central shaft and is arranged on central shaft two ends and is arranged on shaft left end 16 and shaft right end 11 that the radial dimension is greater than central shaft, and described shaft left end 16, shaft right end 11 are coaxially arranged with central shaft, described shaft right end 11 and shaft right end 11 and The central shaft is an integrated structure, and the left end 16 of the shaft is connected with the central shaft through threaded fasteners;

The bearing housing 3 has two left and right coaxially arranged first bearing holes and second bearing holes, and the first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the second angular contact ball bearing 12 are located in the first bearing hole and the second bearing hole respectively. In the hole, the left end 16 of the shaft is connected to the bearing seat 3 through the first angular contact ball bearing 1, and the right end 11 of the shaft is connected to the bearing seat 3 through the second angular contact ball bearing 12,

The first angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring 17 and the first angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring 18 are arranged on the outer side of the first angular contact ball bearing 1, and the first angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring 17 is fastened by threads The component is fixedly connected with the left end 16 of the shaft, and the outer pressure ring 18 of the first angular contact ball bearing is fixedly connected with the left end of the bearing seat 3 through threaded fasteners; the outer side of the second angular contact ball bearing 12 is provided with a second angular contact ball The inner pressure ring 9 of the bearing and the outer pressure ring 8 of the second angular contact ball bearing, the inner pressure ring 17 of the second angular contact ball bearing is fixedly connected with the right end 16 of the shaft through threaded fasteners, and the outer pressure ring 8 of the second angular contact ball bearing The pressure ring 8 is fixedly connected with the right end of the bearing seat 3 through a threaded fastener;

The encoder and the torque machine are arranged on the main shaft between the two angular contact ball bearings, and the load 1 and the load 2 are respectively located on the main shaft outside the two angular contact ball bearings.

The above-mentioned encoder rotor 14 is installed on the left end 16 of the shaft, and there is an encoder rotor trimming pad 15 between the encoder rotor 14 and the left end 16 of the shaft; the encoder stator 5 is installed on the bearing housing 3, between the encoder stator 5 and the bearing There is an encoder stator trimming pad 4 between the seats 3; the parallelism and spacing between the encoder rotor and the stator are guaranteed by the repairing of the encoder rotor trimming pad 15 and the encoder stator trimming pad 4;

The photoelectric switch shielding piece 13 is installed on the rotor of the encoder 14, and the photoelectric switch 6 is installed on the bearing seat to realize the control of the working range of the shaft system;

The torque machine stator 7 is installed on the bearing seat 3, and the torque machine rotor 10 is installed on the right end 11 of the shaft.

The above-mentioned first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the second angular contact ball bearing 12 form a DF or DB installation form.

The utility model also provides an intermediate assembly and adjustment structure of an embracing shaft system, which is special in that it includes a main shaft system and an auxiliary tool shaft system, and the main shaft system includes a main shaft, a bearing seat, an encoder, a torque machine, a second An angular contact ball bearing and a second angular contact ball bearing are characterized in that:

Described main shaft comprises central shaft and is arranged on central shaft two ends and is arranged on shaft left end 16 and shaft right end 11 that the radial dimension is greater than central shaft, and described shaft left end 16, shaft right end 11 are coaxially arranged with central shaft, described shaft right end 11 and shaft right end 11 and The central shaft is an integrated structure, and the left end 16 of the shaft is connected with the central shaft through threaded fasteners;

The bearing housing 3 has two left and right coaxially arranged first bearing holes and second bearing holes, and the first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the second angular contact ball bearing 12 are located in the first bearing hole and the second bearing hole respectively. In the hole, the left end 16 of the shaft is connected to the bearing seat 3 through the first angular contact ball bearing 1, and the right end 11 of the shaft is connected to the bearing seat 3 through the second angular contact ball bearing 12,

The outer side of each angular contact ball bearing is respectively provided with a bearing inner pressure ring for pressing the bearing inner ring and a bearing outer pressure ring for pressing the bearing outer ring. The two bearing inner pressure rings are respectively connected to the shaft by threaded fasteners. The left end is connected with the right end of the shaft, and the two bearing outer pressure rings are connected on both sides of the bearing housing through threaded fasteners.

The auxiliary tooling shaft system includes an auxiliary tooling bearing seat 20, an auxiliary tooling shaft 19, a third angular contact ball bearing 21, a third angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring 23 and a third angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring 22, the auxiliary tooling shaft 19 is installed on the shaft left end 16 of the main shaft system, and the auxiliary tooling shaft 19 is coaxial with the combination of the shaft left end 16 and the shaft right end 11; the auxiliary tooling bearing seat 20 is installed on the first angular contact ball bearing of the main shaft system for external pressure On the ring 18, the third angular contact ball bearing 21 is installed in the auxiliary tool bearing seat 20, the inner ring of the third angular contact ball bearing 21 is pressed by the third angular contact bearing inner pressure ring 22, and the third angular contact ball bearing 21 is pressed by the third angular contact ball Bearing outer pressure ring 23 compresses.

When the first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the second angular contact ball bearing 12 form a DF installation form, the first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the third angular contact ball bearing 21 form a DB installation form. When the first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the second angular contact ball bearing 12 form a DB installation form, the first angular contact ball bearing 1 and the third angular contact ball bearing 21 form a DF installation form.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

1. In the design of the shafting system, the "embracing precision shafting system" is innovatively designed. When conditions such as the use of environmental temperature control permit, a deep groove ball bearing is omitted, and a precision shafting system is composed of two angular contact ball bearings. At the same time, the encoder and torque machine are arranged in the middle of the two angular contact ball bearings, which not only greatly reduces the space of the shafting system, but also further improves the accuracy of the shafting system. At the same time, a load can be installed on the left and right ends, increasing the R.

2. A "complementary shafting datum conversion method" is proposed in the installation and calibration of precision shafting. Conventionally, for the "embracing precision shaft system" as shown in the figure, when the encoder and torque machine are installed and adjusted, since the encoder and torque machine need to be installed before the precision shaft system is assembled, the result can only be "blind assembly". ", the adjustment accuracy cannot be guaranteed, and the accuracy adjustment cannot be performed. The complementary shaft system datum conversion method uses the auxiliary tooling shaft system to perform datum conversion, which solves the problems of precision assembly and calibration of the "encircling shaft system" encoder and torque machine, and ensures the accuracy of encoder assembly and adjustment.

The utility model has been verified by actual engineering and is practicable, and the accuracy of the shaft system, the angle measurement accuracy of the encoder and the control accuracy of the shaft system are highly guaranteed.

3. The utility model shares an angular contact ball bearing between the main shaft system and the auxiliary shaft system as a transition piece. According to the design principle of component shafting, two complementary shafting structures are formed. The addition of auxiliary shafting was a major innovation, as was the use of complementary structures.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the shafting structure frame in the form of a simply supported beam;

Figure 2 is a T-shaped shafting structure frame;

Fig. 3 is the framework of the utility model's embracing shafting structure;

Fig. 4 shows the assembly diagram of the main shaft system;

Figure 5 shows the intermediate adjustment structure with auxiliary shafting installed;

Fig. 6 shows the assembly diagram of removing the central shaft;

Fig. 7 shows the assembly drawing of installing code disc, stator;

Figure 8 shows the assembly diagram for installing the photoelectric opening shutter and the stator of the torque machine;

Fig. 9 shows the assembly diagram of connecting the rotor of the torque machine with the right end of the shaft and putting it into the main shaft;

Figure 10 shows the structural diagram of the encircling shafting system with the auxiliary shafting system removed.

The reference signs are: 1-first angular contact ball bearing, 2-trimming pad of angular contact ball bearing group, 3-bearing seat, 4-encoder stator trimming pad, 5-encoder stator, 6-photoelectric switch , 7-torque machine stator, 8-second angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring, 9-second angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring, 10-torque machine rotor, 11-right end of shaft, 12-second angular contact ball bearing , 13-photoelectric switch blocking sheet, 14-encoder rotor, 15-encoder rotor trimming pad, 16-left end of shaft, 17-first angular contact ball bearing internal pressure ring, 18-first angular contact ball bearing external pressure Ring, 19-auxiliary tooling shaft, 20-auxiliary tooling bearing seat, 21-third angular contact ball bearing, 22-third angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring, 23-third angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring.

detailed description

According to the requirements of a certain small precision shaft system, the utility model adopts "T" type distribution for the load. In the design of the precision shaft system, an angular contact ball bearing is used at the A end and the B end respectively, and "DB type" or "DB type" is used at the A and B ends. "DF type" installation method, the torque machine, encoder and other components are installed in the middle of a pair of angular contact ball bearing sets, and the two loads are distributed at the left and right ends respectively. The advantage is that the axial design distance is greatly saved, and the overall size and weight of the precision shafting are greatly reduced. The structure is shown in Figure 3.

The working principle of the embracing precision shafting scheme: the precision shafting is mainly composed of a pair of angular contact ball bearings in the DF installation form. Right end 11 (left and right need combined processing to ensure coaxiality). The shafting preload and shafting accuracy are realized by adjusting the trimming pad 2 of the angular contact ball bearing group. The inner ring of the first angular contact ball bearing 1 is compressed by the first angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring 17, and the outer ring of the first angular contact ball bearing 1 is compressed by the first angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring 18; the second angular contact ball bearing The inner ring of the ball bearing 12 is compressed by the inner pressure ring 9 of the second angular contact ball bearing, and the outer ring of the second angular contact ball bearing 12 is compressed by the outer pressure ring 8 of the second angular contact ball bearing.

The encoder rotor 14 is installed on the left end 16 of the shaft, and there is an encoder rotor trimming pad 15 between the encoder rotor 14 and the left end 16 of the shaft; the encoder stator 5 is installed on the bearing seat 3, and between the encoder stator 5 and the bearing seat There is an encoder stator trimming pad 4 between the 3; the parallelism and interval between the encoder rotor and the stator are guaranteed by the repairing of the encoder rotor trimming pad 15 and the encoder stator trimming pad 4; the encoder mainly realizes shafting Acquisition and control of angle and angular velocity.

The photoelectric switch shielding sheet 13 is installed on the rotor of the encoder 14, and the photoelectric switch 6 is installed on the bearing seat to realize the control of the working range of the shafting. The torque machine stator 7 is installed on the bearing seat 3, and the torque machine rotor 10 is installed on the right end 11 of the shaft, which mainly provides the rotational power of the shaft system.

The working principle of the complementary auxiliary tooling shaft system: In this example, the main shaft system adopts a pair of angular contact ball bearings in the DF installation form, so the auxiliary tooling shaft system adopts a complementary structure, that is, a pair of DB-mounted angular contact ball bearings Ball bearing set.

Auxiliary tooling axle 19 is installed on the shaft left end 16 of main shaft system, guarantees that it is coaxial with the shaft left end 16 of main shaft system, the shaft right end 11 assembly. The auxiliary tool bearing seat 20 is installed on the outer pressure ring 18 of the first angular contact ball bearing of the main shaft system. The third angular contact ball bearing 21 of the tool shaft system is installed in the auxiliary tool bearing seat 20 , and the auxiliary tool shaft 19 passes through the third angular contact ball bearing 21 of the tool shaft system for positioning. The inner ring of the third angular contact ball bearing 21 is compressed by the third angular contact bearing inner pressure ring 22 , and the third angular contact ball bearing 21 is compressed by the third angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring 23 . The third angular contact ball bearing 21 and the first angular contact ball bearing 1 of the main shaft system together form a pair of auxiliary tooling shaft systems in the form of DB installation.

The installation and calibration scheme of the precision shaft system by the complementary shaft system datum conversion method:

In the fine assembly and adjustment of the shaft system, firstly, the main shaft system is precisely installed (encoder and torque machine are not installed temporarily), and the shaft system of complementary auxiliary tools is added based on the main shaft system; the main shaft system is removed, and the auxiliary tool shaft system is used as a benchmark Precisely assemble and adjust the encoder and torque machine; re-adjust the main shaft system based on the complementary auxiliary tooling shaft system; remove the auxiliary tooling shaft system, and the precision adjustment of the precision shaft system is completed; Adjust the load. The specific steps are as follows:

1] Main shaft assembly (as shown in Figure 4)

Install the central shaft, the left end of the shaft, the right end of the shaft, the bearing seat, two angular contact ball bearings, the inner pressure ring of the bearing, and the outer pressure ring of the bearing;

2] Add a complementary auxiliary tooling shaft system at the left end of the main shaft system, the auxiliary tooling shaft system is coaxial with the main shaft system (as shown in Figure 5), specifically:

2.1] Install the auxiliary tooling shaft at the left end of the shaft. The auxiliary tooling shaft includes the central tooling shaft and the left end of the tooling shaft and the right end of the tooling shaft whose radial dimensions are set at both ends of the central tooling shaft, the central tooling shaft, the left end of the tooling shaft and the tooling shaft. The right end of the shaft is set coaxially, and the auxiliary tooling shaft is coaxial with the combination of the left end 16 of the shaft and the right end 11 of the shaft;

2.2] Install the third angular contact ball bearing in the auxiliary tool bearing housing 20;

2.3] Fix the auxiliary tooling bearing seat 20 to the outer pressure ring of the first angular contact ball bearing; the left end of the tooling shaft is connected to the auxiliary tooling bearing seat through the third angular contact ball bearing,

2.4] The third angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring and the third angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring are arranged outside the third angular contact ball bearing, and the third angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring is connected to the left end of the tooling shaft through threaded fasteners; the third angular contact The outer pressure ring of the ball bearing is connected with the left end of the bearing seat of the auxiliary tooling through threaded fasteners;

2.5] Check end runout, radial runout and shaft shaking.

3) Remove the central shaft and the connection between the central shaft and the bearing seat (as shown in Figure 6);

4] Based on the auxiliary tooling shaft system, install the encoder and torque machine; specifically:

4.1] Install the encoder rotor and the encoder stator coaxially with the left end of the shaft, wherein the encoder rotor and the left end of the shaft are fixedly connected by threaded fasteners, and the encoder stator and bearing seat are fixedly connected by threaded fasteners (as shown in Figure 7) ,

4.2] Install the photoelectric switch shielding piece 13 on the right end of the encoder rotor 14, install the photoelectric switch shielding piece 13 coaxially with the left end of the shaft 16,

4.3] Connect the photoelectric switch 6 to the bearing seat 3 fixedly, connect the torque machine stator 7 to the bearing seat 3, the torque machine stator 7 is coaxial with the left end of the shaft 16,

4.4] Check radial runout and end runout.

5] Based on the auxiliary tooling shaft system, install the central shaft and the connecting piece between the central shaft and the bearing seat (as shown in Figure 9); specifically:

5.1] Put the torque machine rotor on the central shaft, and the right end of the torque machine rotor is fixedly connected with the right end of the shaft;

5.2] Put the central shaft into the bearing seat, fix the left end of the central shaft to the left end of the shaft, connect the right end of the shaft to the bearing seat through an angular contact bearing, and install the bearing inner pressure ring and bearing outer pressure ring.

6) Remove the auxiliary tooling shaft system to obtain the embracing shaft system structure of the present utility model (as shown in Figure 10);

7] Based on the main shaft system, install and adjust the load at both ends of the main shaft.

Claims (6)

1. An embracing precision shaft system, including a main shaft, bearing housing (3), encoder, torque machine, first angular contact ball bearing (1), second angular contact ball bearing (12), load 1 and load 2 , characterized by: The main shaft includes a central shaft and a shaft left end (16) and a shaft right end (11) with radial dimensions arranged at both ends of the central shaft that are larger than the central shaft, and the shaft left end (16), the shaft right end (11) and the central shaft are coaxial Setting, the right end of the shaft (11) is integrated with the central shaft, and the left end of the shaft (16) is connected to the central shaft by a threaded fastener; The bearing seat (3) has two left and right coaxially arranged first bearing holes and second bearing holes, and the first angular contact ball bearing (1) and the second angular contact ball bearing (12) are respectively located in the first In the bearing hole and the second bearing hole, the left end of the shaft (16) is connected with the bearing seat (3) through the first angular contact ball bearing (1), and the right end of the shaft (11) is connected with the bearing seat (3) through the second angular contact ball bearing (12 ) is connected with the bearing housing (3), A first angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring (17) and a first angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring (18) are arranged on the outer side of the first angular contact ball bearing (1), and the first angular contact ball bearing internal pressure The ring (17) is fixedly connected to the left end of the shaft (16) through a threaded fastener, and the outer pressure ring (18) of the first angular contact ball bearing is fixedly connected to the left end of the bearing seat (3) through a threaded fastener; the second The outer side of the two angular contact ball bearings (12) is provided with a second angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring (9) and a second angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring (8), and the second angular contact ball bearing inner pressure ring (17) ) is fixedly connected to the right end of the shaft (16) through threaded fasteners, and the second angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring (8) is fixedly connected to the right end of the bearing seat (3) through threaded fasteners; The encoder and the torque machine are arranged on the main shaft between the two angular contact ball bearings, and the load 1 and the load 2 are respectively located on the main shaft outside the two angular contact ball bearings. 2. The embracing precision shaft system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The encoder rotor (14) is installed on the left end of the shaft (16), and there is an encoder rotor trimming pad (15) between the encoder rotor (14) and the left end of the shaft (16); the encoder stator (5) is installed on the bearing On the seat (3), there is an encoder stator trimming pad (4) between the encoder stator (5) and the bearing seat (3); the parallelism and spacing between the encoder rotor and the stator are passed through the encoder rotor trimming pad (15) and the repair guarantee of the encoder stator trimming pad (4); The photoelectric switch shield (13) is installed on the rotor of the encoder (14), and the photoelectric switch (6) is installed on the bearing seat to realize the control of the working range of the shafting; The torque machine stator (7) is installed on the bearing seat (3), and the torque machine rotor (10) is installed on the shaft right end (11). 3. The encircling precision shaft system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the first angular contact ball bearing (1) and the second angular contact ball bearing (12) form a DF or DB installation form. 4. An intermediate assembly and adjustment structure of an embracing precision shaft system, characterized in that: it includes a main shaft system and an auxiliary tool shaft system, and the main shaft system includes a main shaft, a bearing seat (3), an encoder, a torque machine, a first angle The contact ball bearing (1) and the second angular contact ball bearing (13) are characterized in that: The main shaft includes a central shaft and a shaft left end (16) and a shaft right end (11) with radial dimensions arranged at both ends of the central shaft that are larger than the central shaft, and the shaft left end (16), the shaft right end (11) and the central shaft are coaxial Setting, the right end of the shaft (11) is integrated with the central shaft, and the left end of the shaft (16) is connected to the central shaft by a threaded fastener; The bearing seat (3) has two left and right coaxially arranged first bearing holes and second bearing holes, and the first angular contact ball bearing (1) and the second angular contact ball bearing (12) are respectively located in the first In the bearing hole and the second bearing hole, the left end of the shaft (16) is connected with the bearing housing (3) through the first angular contact ball bearing (1), and the right end of the shaft (11) is connected with the bearing seat (3) through the second angular contact ball bearing (12 ) is connected with the bearing seat (3); The outer side of each angular contact ball bearing is respectively provided with a bearing inner pressure ring for pressing the bearing inner ring and a bearing outer pressure ring for pressing the bearing outer ring. The two bearing inner pressure rings are respectively connected to the shaft by threaded fasteners. The left end is connected to the right end of the shaft, and the two bearing outer pressure rings are connected to both sides of the bearing seat (3) through threaded fasteners; The auxiliary tooling shaft system includes the auxiliary tooling bearing seat (20), the auxiliary tooling shaft (19), the third angular contact ball bearing (21), the third angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring (23) and the third angular contact ball bearing internal pressure ring (22), the auxiliary tooling shaft (19) is installed on the shaft left end (16) of the main shaft system, and the auxiliary tooling shaft (19) is coaxial with the shaft left end (16) and the shaft right end (11); The auxiliary tooling bearing seat (20) is installed on the first angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring (18) of the main shaft system, the third angular contact ball bearing (21) is installed in the auxiliary tooling bearing seat (20), and the third angular contact ball bearing The inner ring of the bearing (21) is compressed by the third angular contact bearing inner pressure ring (22), and the third angular contact ball bearing (21) is compressed by the third angular contact ball bearing outer pressure ring (23). 5. The intermediate assembly and adjustment structure of the encircling precision shaft system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first angular contact ball bearing (1) and the second angular contact ball bearing (12) form a DF installation form, and the first The angular contact ball bearing (1) and the third angular contact ball bearing (21) form a DB installation form. 6. The intermediate assembly and adjustment structure of the embracing precision shafting according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first angular contact ball bearing (1) and the second angular contact ball bearing (12) form a DB installation form, the first The angular contact ball bearing (1) and the third angular contact ball bearing (21) form a DF mounting form.