CN205277683U - Ladder magnus type rotor blade and wind energy conversion system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stepped Magnus-type wind blade and a wind turbine. The blade is stepped cylindrical and is divided into several cylindrical sections, and the diameter of each section of the cylindrical becomes smaller step by step from the root of the blade to the end of the blade; the cylindrical section includes Cylindrical internal gears are equipped with planetary gears in their inner chambers. Using the blade, the utility model proposes a wind turbine, which includes related facilities such as a power generation device, a hub, a planetary gear system, and a tower. The drive motor is installed on the hub, and the cylindrical blade can rotate at a certain speed through helical gear transmission. Different cylindrical blade segments realize differential rotation through the planetary gear system, and the rotation angular velocity of the cylindrical blades is changed by adjusting the planetary gear to ensure the maximum power output of the wind turbine. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low processing cost, strong reliability, and high-efficiency utilization of wind energy to generate electricity.

Description

A stepped Magnus type wind blade and wind turbine

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and more specifically relates to a Magnus type wind blade and a wind machine.

Background technique

Renewable energy is the best way to solve the energy crisis, and wind power is the industry with the fastest development, the most mature technology and the broadest prospect in the renewable energy industry. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the economy of wind power has been continuously improved. In addition, my country has taken renewable energy as an important part of my country's energy strategy, and wind power has a huge potential market.

Wind turbine blades are the core components of wind turbines and are directly related to the efficiency of wind power utilization. Most of the blades of modern wind turbines are traditional airfoil blades, which are designed based on the condition of uniform and stable incoming wind speed, without considering the influence of the wind gradient of the atmospheric boundary layer on the efficiency. Most of the actual wind turbines work in the atmospheric boundary layer within 200 meters. Due to the effect of ground viscosity and terrain roughness, there is a large wind force gradient near the atmospheric boundary layer near the ground. This gradient will act on the blades. Torque variations and pitching moments of the blades are produced, resulting in a reduction in output power. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wind turbine that can ensure that the output power does not lose or even increase in the atmospheric boundary layer.

The blades of the Magnus-type wind turbine are wind energy blades based on the Magnus effect, which can be regarded as self-rotating cylindrical blades. When the rotating cylinder is subjected to the horizontal flow of wind, it will experience a lift perpendicular to the flow direction, which is the so-called Magnus force. Compared with the traditional blades of the Magnus-type wind turbine, under the same blade surface area, the lift force of the Magnus blades is more than ten times that of the traditional airfoil blades, so it has obvious advantages in power generation efficiency. Existing Magnus-type wind turbine blades are straight cylinders with equal diameters, and their efficiency is reduced under the shear wind of the atmospheric boundary layer, and their material strength requirements are high, which is not suitable for the large-scale development of wind turbines.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the utility model provides a new type of wind blade and wind turbine, the purpose of which is to improve the working efficiency of the blade and the output power of the wind turbine, thereby solving the technical problem of low power generation efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the utility model, a stepped Magnus-type wind blade is provided, which is characterized in that the blade is a stepped cylindrical shape, divided into several cylindrical sections, and the diameter of each section of the cylinder is from From the root of the blade to the tip of the blade, it becomes smaller step by step;

The cylindrical section includes a circular internal gear, and its inner cavity is provided with a planetary gear system (4), and the inner cavity of the planetary gear system (4) is provided with a sun gear in the center, and each sun gear is coaxial; each sun gear and The ring gear is meshed with three or more planetary gears to transmit the rotation of the ring gear to the sun gear and realize the differential rotation of each cylindrical section.

Based on the above-mentioned blades, the utility model proposes a Magnus-type wind turbine, comprising a tower (5), a power generating device (1) and three and above-mentioned blades, characterized in that:

The blades are fixedly connected to the hub through the root cylindrical section, and are distributed circularly symmetrically with respect to the center of the hub; the inside of the hub is provided with a motor, which is used to drive the circular internal gear of the cylindrical section at the root of the blade to rotate, and is used to drive the other cylindrical sections. turn;

During work, driven by the wind, each blade rotates, drives the hub to rotate, converts wind energy into mechanical energy, and sends it to the power generation device.

Further, in the Magnus-type wind turbine, a helical gear (8) is provided between the motor (7) and the cylindrical section at the root to realize the power between the motor and the circular internal gear of the cylindrical section. send.

Further, the Magnus-type wind turbine includes five blades distributed with equal circular angles.

Further, in the above-mentioned Magnus-type wind turbine, in the planetary gear system in each cylindrical section, the gear ratios of the ring gear, the sun gear, and the planetary gear are designed according to actual working conditions.

The utility model is designed based on the Magnus effect, and the blade proposed by the utility model rotates at a certain speed. Considering the influence of wind force gradient and structural strength in the atmospheric boundary layer, each blade is designed as several required cylindrical blade segments, and the different blade segments are rotated at different speeds through the planetary gear system to adjust the different cylindrical blade segments. The rotating speed of the segment can make the whole blade rotate at an optimal speed during the rotation process, effectively reducing the loss efficiency of the blade and increasing the output power of the unit.

The working principle of the Magnus type wind turbine: the air flows through the stepped self-rotating cylindrical blades at a certain wind speed, generating Magnus lift, pushing the blades to rotate, and generating torque under the action of the airflow to drive the wind wheel to rotate, through a A series of transmission devices send mechanical energy into the power generation device for power generation.

Working characteristics of Magnus-type wind turbine: Magnus-type wind turbine can be started under any wind speed condition, with simple structure, convenient maintenance and high power generation efficiency. Moreover, the wind turbine is easy to manufacture and process, has a low center of gravity, good safety, low operating cost, easy maintenance, and no noise pollution. Magnus-type wind turbines can be applied on horizontal and vertical axes, and can be used for energy storage in wind turbines, high suction pumps, air compressors and other equipment.

The positive progress effect of the utility model lies in: the Magnus-type wind turbine of the utility model, by designing the blades as stepped segmental rotating cylinders, ensures the bending stress of the blades by controlling the diameters of each segment of the cylinders The extension direction is evenly distributed to meet the strength requirements of the material; by controlling the rotation speed of each section of the cylinder to ensure that each section of the cylinder operates under the optimal working condition, the output power of the wind turbine in the atmospheric boundary layer is not only not damaged, but has a higher greatly improved effect.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the utility model, because the wheel hub abandons the variable pitch system, the driving motor is installed to adjust the rotation speed of the blade through the helical gear transmission, so as to control the output of the wind turbine. power control. The planetary gear system, as the transmission device between the stepped self-rotating cylindrical blades, adjusts the self-rotation speed of the cylindrical blade segments according to the change of wind speed gradient to realize differential rotation, which simplifies the structure of the unit and improves the efficiency of the unit.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Magnus-type wind turbine;

Fig. 2 is the internal transmission mechanism of the stepped self-rotating cylindrical blade;

Fig. 3 is the driving mechanism in the hub;

Figure 4 is the distribution of wind speed in the atmospheric boundary layer;

Figure 5 shows the power loss of wind turbines in the atmospheric boundary layer;

In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same elements or structures, among which: 1—generating device, 2—hub, 3—blade, 4—planetary gear system, 5—tower, 6—foundation, 7—drive motor, 8—helical gear, 9—rear cover. 10—cylindrical internal gear, 11—sun gear), 12—horizontal rotation shaft.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute conflicts with each other.

Example:

As shown in Figure 1, a Magnus-type wind turbine with stepped self-rotating cylindrical blades includes a power generating device (1), a hub (2), blades (3), a tower (5), a foundation (6 ) and other related facilities. The wind wheel consists of blades (3) and a hub (2). The blades (3) have an aerodynamic shape, generate torque to drive the wind wheel to rotate under the action of the airflow, and input the torque to the power generation device (1) through the hub (2). The power generating device (1) converts mechanical energy into kinetic energy and transmits it to the grid. For the convenience of reinforcement, the foundation (6) is square in shape. The tower (5) is connected with the foundation (6), supports the wind power generation system in the air, bears various loads caused by the operation of the wind power generation system, and transmits these loads to the foundation at the same time, so that the whole wind power unit can operate stably and reliably.

1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that the shape of each segment of the blade (3) is cylindrical, and the diameter is stepped from the root of the blade to the tip of the blade. The motor (7) drives the blades to rotate, and the rotating blades (3) generate Magnus lift under the action of the horizontal airflow. Based on wind turbine stability, the number of blades is 5. Based on the presence of a large wind force gradient in the atmospheric boundary layer, the blade (3) is equidistantly divided into 15 cylindrical blade segments, which are stepped, that is, blade segments with decreasing radii. The rotation speed of the planetary gear is adjusted to realize the differential rotation of each cylindrical blade segment. Figure 4 shows the helical gear structure of the transmission device. The motor drives the helical gear to run to drive the blades to rotate at a certain speed. The mechanical energy rotated by the wind wheel enters the power generating device (1) through the horizontal rotating shaft (12) for generating electricity.

In order to verify the implementation effect of the stepped Magnus airfoil in the boundary layer in the utility model, a set of stepped Magnus airfoils designed in this embodiment will be compared with the traditional airfoil NACA4418. The Magnus airfoil is designed with reference to NACA4418. The stepped Magnus blade and NACA4418 are divided into 15 levels, and the lift design of each segment of the Magnus blade under uniform incoming wind speed is the same as that of NACA4418. The main parameters of the obtained Magnus blade are shown in the table 1.

Table 1 Related parameters of stepped Magnus blades

Correlation calculations are carried out based on the microelement momentum theory BEM, and the calculation results show that: in the shear wind speed of the atmospheric boundary layer (as shown in Figure 4), the efficiency loss of the traditional airfoil blade NACA4418 is about 10%, while the stepped Magnus blade Compared with the traditional airfoil blade, the efficiency gain reaches nearly 70%, and the power loss between the two is shown in the shaded part in Figure 5. In this embodiment, similar results are also obtained by using computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation for analysis. Therefore, compared with conventional blades, stepped Magnus-shaped blades have the advantage of increasing output power in the atmospheric boundary layer.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and modifications made within the spirit and principles of the utility model Improvements and the like should all be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A stepped Magnus type wind blade is characterized in that, the blade is stepped cylindrical, is divided into several cylindrical sections, and the diameter of each section of the cylinder gradually decreases from the root of the blade to the end of the blade; The cylindrical section includes a circular internal gear, and its inner cavity is provided with a planetary gear system (4), and the inner cavity of the planetary gear system (4) is centered with a sun gear, and the sun gears of each cylindrical section are coaxial; each sun gear Meshing with the ring gear through three or more planetary gears, it is used to transmit the rotation of the ring gear to the sun gear and realize the differential rotation of each cylindrical section. 2. A Magnus-type wind turbine made of blades according to claim 1, comprising a tower (5) and a power generating device (1), characterized in that: comprising more than three blades, each blade passes through the root The cylindrical section is fixedly connected to the hub, and is distributed circularly symmetrically with respect to the center of the hub; a motor (7) is provided inside the hub, which is used to drive the circular internal gear of the cylindrical section at the root of the blade to rotate and drive the rotation of other cylindrical sections; When each blade is working, it rotates under the drive of wind force, converts wind energy into mechanical energy, and sends it to the power generation device. 3. The Magnus-type wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: between the motor (7) and the root cylindrical section, a helical gear (8) is provided for realizing the circular shape of the motor and the cylindrical section. Power transmission between internal gears. 4. The Magnus-type wind turbine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises five blades distributed with equal circular angles. 5. The Magnus-type wind turbine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: in the planetary gear system in each cylindrical section, the gear ratios of the ring gear, sun gear, and planetary gear are designed according to actual working conditions.