CN205245913U - Hierarchical expand tube formula buffering dust fall blanking plug of porthole - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of blasthole blockage in engineering blasting. In order to solve the problems of unsatisfactory plugging effect of blasthole plugging parts, excessive dust after explosion, and failure to achieve environmental protection effects, the utility model provides a blasthole graded expansion tube type buffering and dust-reducing plug. Pre-cracks I are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the tail tube, and the outer walls of both ends are provided with inverted guns. The front part of the tail tube is fixed with a multi-stage buffer device, and the rear part is a bursting tube, facing the gun hole; the multi-stage buffer device is connected by several expansion tubes, and the front part of the expansion tube The pre-crack II is set, the outer wall of the front section is provided with barbs, the back section of the expansion tube is a smooth cylindrical insert, and the front section and the back section are connected by a conical tube; the plug is an integrated airtight structure with an inner cavity inside, and the inner cavity is filled with water. The front end of the plug is a cylindrical insert, and the rear end is a tapered plug. During the explosion, the stress wave generated by the explosive gas will break through the front membrane of the plug, generate high temperature, and the aqueous solution will become water vapor and mix with dust to achieve the purpose of dust reduction. The multi-level buffer device can be graded according to specific conditions. The problems existing in the existing occluder are solved.

Description

Blast hole graded expansion tube buffer dust suppression plug

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting blasthole blockage, in particular to a blasthole graded expansion tube type buffering and dust-reducing plugger.

Background technique

Since the 1980s, domestic and international attention has been paid to the problem of blasthole filling, and a series of studies on the mechanism of filling, filling materials, and filling length have been carried out. Studies have shown that: reasonable packing can increase the explosion gas pressure in the blast hole and prolong the action time of the explosion gas pressure; promote the full reaction of the explosive, so that it can release the maximum energy and produce the least toxic gas; prevent the explosion gas from being free Escape, reduce the loss of explosion energy and explosion gas pressure, improve the thermal efficiency of explosives, improve the working ability of explosives; prevent the external injection of hot solid particles and explosion flames, effectively prevent the explosion of gas and coal dust; effectively regulate the explosion The reasonable distribution of energy increases the effective work of breaking rocks and reduces the useless work caused by air shock waves, flying stones, and rock mass vibrations.

In the prior art, the blasthole mud is a paste, which is not packaged properly after being inserted into the blasthole, and it is easy to protrude the blasthole under the impact of the explosion, which cannot fully play the above-mentioned role, reduces the blasting efficiency, and increases the blasting cost; at the same time, the blasthole mud is inserted into the A molding process is required, and the labor intensity of the operator is relatively high.

In order to solve the above problems, various devices for blocking blastholes have appeared. The typical structures are as follows: 1. A columnar plug that blocks the port of the blasthole by filling it with high-pressure gas and has a higher plugging strength than the blasthole; However, due to the smooth appearance of the plug, the gas expands, the contact strength is small, and the plugging strength is not enough. Under the action of the explosive force, it is easy to slide out of the blasthole, and the desired effect is still not achieved; meanwhile, the plug needs to be matched with inflation The operation of the device is more complicated and the cost is higher, and the high-pressure gas has higher requirements on the material and sealing performance of the plug, and the cost of use is also greatly increased; 2. The flame-retardant plug, the front end is a cylinder with an outer diameter smaller than the blast hole , the tail end is an umbrella-shaped structure, and the umbrella-shaped structure has folds that can shrink. Theoretically, the umbrella-shaped structure has a blocking effect, but this member has the following disadvantages: the umbrella-shaped structure has a folding effect due to the folds, so it has low strength and cannot play a role. The high-pressure gas produced after the explosion rushes out through the large gap between the cylinder and the blasthole wall and acts on the umbrella-shaped structure, forming a radial inward component force, prompting the umbrella-shaped structure to close, then the barrier The burning gun plug will be rushed out along with the blasting high-pressure gas, and the blasting effect is not even as good as using gun mud.

Therefore, there is a need for a blasthole plugging piece, which has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high blocking strength after use, does not protrude the blasthole due to the impact of the explosive gas, keeps blocked during the explosion process and blasts together with the tunneling surface to fail, so as to To improve the blasting efficiency, it is also necessary to reduce the dust after the explosion, so as to achieve the effect of environmental protection.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the blocking effect of the current blasthole plugging parts is not ideal, the dust after the explosion is too high, and the environmental protection effect cannot be achieved, the utility model provides a blasthole graded expansion tube type buffering and dust-reducing plug.

The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a blasthole graded expansion tube type buffering and dust-reducing plug, including a tailpiece, a multi-stage buffering device connected with the tailpiece, the end of the multi-stage buffering device is connected with a plug, and the two ends of the tailpiece are The ends are symmetrically provided with pre-slits I, and the outer walls of both ends are provided with barbs. The front section of the tailpiece is the last level of buffering, and the multi-stage buffering device is fixed. The rear section is a bursting cylinder, facing the blast hole; Several expansion tubes are connected, the front section of the expansion tube is provided with pre-slit II, the outer wall of the front section is provided with barbs, the rear section of the expansion tube is a smooth cylindrical insert, and the front section and the rear section are connected by a tapered tube; the plug is an internal There is an integrated airtight structure with an inner cavity, the inner cavity is filled with water, the front end of the plug is a cylindrical insert, and the rear end is a conical plug.

The front section of the tailpiece is a cylindrical socket, and the front section is conically connected to the rear section. The diameter of the front section of the tailpiece is smaller than the diameter of the rear section, and the diameter of the front section of the expansion tube and the plug is larger than the diameter of the rear section.

When in use, first insert the front section of the assembled buffer into the blast hole, and then forcefully push the tail barrel into the blast hole, so that the barb pierces the wall of the blast hole. There are pre-slits of a certain length on the front and rear sections of the tail barrel. When the explosion occurs, the gas pressure pushes the plug forward. At this time, the expansion tube connected to the plug expands and bursts, and the expansion tube of the next stage is pushed to expand and burst until it is stuck in the blast hole to realize buffer blockage. At the same time, when the explosion occurs, the stress wave generated by the explosive gas will break through the front film of the plug, generate high temperature, and the aqueous solution will become water vapor and mix with dust to achieve the purpose of dust reduction.

The utility model designs a multi-stage buffer device, which can be graded according to specific conditions. The problems existing in the existing occluder are solved. Moreover, the buffer can effectively reduce dust and achieve an environmental protection effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model; Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tailpiece; Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an expanding tube; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a plug.

In the figure: 1-stern tube; 1.1-last buffer stage; 1.2-expansion tube; 1.3-pre-crack I; 2-multi-stage buffer device; 2.1-expand tube; 2.2-pre-crack II; 2.4-conical cylinder; 3-plug; 3.1-inner cavity; 3.2-cylindrical insert; 3.3-conical plugging cylinder.

detailed description

The specific embodiment of the utility model will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A blast hole graded expansion tube type cushioning and dust-reducing plug, comprising a tailpiece 1, a multi-stage buffer device 2 connected to the tailpiece 1, the end of the multi-stage buffer device 2 is connected to a plug 3, and the two ends of the tailpiece 1 are symmetrically arranged There are pre-cracks I1.3, and the outer walls of both ends are provided with barbs. The front section of the tail piece 1 is the last level of buffering level 1.1, and the multi-level buffering device 2 is fixed. The rear section is the expansion tube 1.2, facing the blast hole; The buffer device 2 is connected by several expansion tubes 2.1. The front section of the expansion tube 2.1 is provided with a pre-crack II2.2, and the outer wall of the front section is provided with barbs. The rear section of the expansion tube is a smooth cylindrical insert 2.3. The cylinder 2.4 is connected; the plug 3 is an integral airtight structure with an inner cavity 3.1 inside, and the inner cavity is filled with water. The front end of the plug 3 is a cylindrical insert 3.2, and the rear end is a conical sealing tube 3.3.

The front section of the tailpiece is a cylindrical socket, and the front section is conically connected to the rear section. The diameter of the front section of the tailpiece is smaller than the diameter of the rear section, and the diameter of the front section of the expansion tube and the plug is larger than the diameter of the rear section.

When in use, first insert the front section of the assembled buffer into the blast hole, and then forcefully push the tail barrel into the blast hole, so that the barb pierces the wall of the blast hole. There are pre-slits of a certain length on the front and rear sections of the tail barrel. When the explosion occurs, the gas pressure pushes the plug forward. At this time, the expansion tube connected to the plug expands and bursts, and the expansion tube of the next stage is pushed to expand and burst until it is stuck in the blast hole to realize buffer blockage. At the same time, when the explosion occurs, the stress wave generated by the explosive gas will break through the front film of the plug, generate high temperature, and the aqueous solution will become water vapor and mix with dust to achieve the purpose of dust reduction.

Claims (3)

1. A blast hole graded expansion tube type cushioning and dust suppression plug, characterized in that it includes a tailpiece (1), a multi-stage buffer device (2) connected to the tailpiece (1), and the end of the multi-stage buffer device (2) Connect the plug (3), the two ends of the tailpiece (1) are symmetrically provided with pre-cracks I (1.3), the outer walls of both ends are provided with barbs, and the front section of the tailpiece (1) is the last level of buffering (1.1), The multi-stage buffer device (2) is fixed, and the rear part is the expansion tube (1.2), facing the blast hole; the multi-stage buffer device (2) is connected by several expansion tubes (2.1), and the front part of the expansion tube (2.1) is set There are pre-slits II (2.2), the outer wall of the front section is provided with barbs, the rear section of the expansion tube is a smooth cylindrical insert (2.3), and the front section and the rear section are connected by a conical tube (2.4); the plug (3) is There is an integral airtight structure of an inner cavity (3.1) inside, the inner cavity is filled with water, the front end of the plug (3) is a cylindrical insert (3.2), and the rear end is a conical plugging tube (3.3). 2. A blast hole graded expansion tube type cushioning and dust-reducing plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front section of the tailpiece is a cylindrical socket, and the front section and the rear section are connected in a conical shape. 3. A blast hole graded tube expansion type cushioning and dust-reducing plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the front section of the tailpiece is smaller than the diameter of the rear section, and the diameter of the front section of the expansion tube and the plug is larger than the diameter of the rear section.