CN205136447U - Board -like entad friction damper with compound damping characteristic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a plate-type centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics, comprising a friction plate, an upper fixed plate, a lower fixed plate, an end plate, an intermediate connecting plate, a wedge-shaped sliding friction block, an extruded wedge-shaped block and a compression spring; The friction plate and the upper and lower fixing plates form a plate-type cavity, and a variable friction structure device is installed inside the cavity, which is composed of a pair of friction components, a middle connecting plate and a compression spring; each friction component consists of two wedge-shaped sliding friction The compression spring is fixedly installed between the two friction assemblies; one side plane of the friction plate has a groove, the friction surface of the friction plate is located at the bottom of the groove, and the friction assembly is just embedded in the two friction assemblies. In the groove of a friction plate. The utility model has the advantages of simple manufacture, low cost, stable performance, multiple damping characteristics, and no contact stress in the initial state of the friction interface.

Description

Plate centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics

technical field

The utility model relates to a plate-type centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics, which can be applied to vibration control of engineering structures and belongs to the technical field of vibration control.

Background technique

The vibration dampers used in the field of vibration reduction and isolation of engineering structures can be roughly divided into two categories: velocity-related and displacement-related. Displacement-related dampers mainly include various metal dampers that use the plastic deformation of metal materials to dissipate energy. Velocity-dependent dampers currently mainly include viscous dampers that use viscous fluid to generate damping force to dissipate energy through damping holes and those that use the plastic capacity of viscoelastic materials to dissipate energy. Viscoelastic damper. Most displacement-dependent dampers have a clear threshold of damping force that starts to consume energy. When the force on the damper is less than the threshold, the damper provides elastic stiffness without energy consumption. When the force exceeds the threshold, the damper Entering the yielding state or frictional sliding state, energy begins to dissipate, but its damping force usually increases little or no longer with deformation. From this point of view, the displacement-related type usually needs to set the deformation conditions for its energy dissipation effect. When the deformation is smaller than the set value, the damper does not have the energy consumption effect, and when the deformation is much larger than the set value, due to the damping force The growth is small, and its additional equivalent damping ratio will decrease with the increase of deformation, and the expected additional damping ratio can only be provided near the set deformation amplitude. The viscous damper can provide different damping force and energy consumption as the speed changes. The higher the speed, the greater the damping force and the more energy consumption. There is no displacement-related threshold problem. Hysteretic dampers are used more than displacement-dependent types. However, the processing accuracy and sealing requirements of the viscous damper are much higher than those of the displacement-related type, which leads to its cost being much higher than that of the general displacement-related type, and its overall cost performance is not as good as the latter. However, in some special cases, viscous dampers have some advantages that displacement-related dampers do not have, and generally cannot be replaced by displacement-type dampers. For example, for the TMD damping structure system, the damping ratio of the TMD substructure has an optimal value without obtaining the optimal damping effect, and its amplitude is usually uncertain, so it is obviously impossible to use the displacement-dependent type: if the damping ratio is too high If the force threshold is too small, the TMD will not be able to start in time and lose the effect of frequency modulation and vibration reduction; if the sliding force threshold is too small, there will be insufficient energy dissipation capacity, which will lead to poor control effect of TMD under the action of large amplitude. Therefore, in the current TMD vibration reduction engineering applications, in most cases, viscous dampers are used to provide damping force. In addition, conventional friction dampers need pre-applied friction normal stress, and the friction performance of the friction interface will change when it is under high stress for a long time.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects of the existing damper, the utility model proposes a plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics, which is used to provide multiple damping characteristics and a stable friction interface.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model has taken the following technical solutions:

A plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics, the damper includes a friction plate, an upper fixed plate, a lower fixed plate, an end plate, an intermediate connecting plate, a wedge-shaped sliding friction block, an extruded wedge-shaped block, and a compression spring; Two friction plates, the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate form a plate cavity, the left end of the cavity is connected to the end plate, and a variable friction structure device is provided inside the cavity, and the variable friction structure device consists of a pair of friction components, a middle Composed of a connecting plate and a compression spring; each friction assembly is composed of two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks and two extrusion wedge blocks; the compression spring is fixedly installed between the two friction assemblies, and its two ends are respectively fixed on the two friction assemblies The two extrusion wedges on the inner side; there is a hole in the middle of the middle connecting plate, and the two friction assemblies connected by compression springs are installed in the hole of the middle connecting plate; one side plane of the friction plate has a groove, and the friction plate The friction surface is located at the bottom of the groove, and the two friction assemblies connected by compression springs are just embedded in the grooves of the two friction plates, so that the wedge-shaped sliding friction block cannot move out of the groove; the intermediate connecting plate squeezes the wedge-shaped block The grooves on the upper part and the lower part are clamped and connected, so that the middle friction component can be driven to reciprocate left and right.

Further, the left end of the cavity is connected to the end plate through a limit bolt, and the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are respectively connected to the sides of the two friction plates with bolts to fix the position of the friction plates.

Further, the intermediate connecting plate is located in the middle of the extrusion wedge.

Further, the two extrusion wedges at the ends of the two friction assemblies that are in contact with the opening of the middle connecting plate are fixed on the middle connecting plate by bolts.

Further, there is a gap between the intermediate connecting plate and the end plate, and the distance between the left end of the intermediate connecting plate and the left end plate is greater than the farthest distance that the intermediate connecting plate moves to the left, so as to ensure that the intermediate connecting plate moves to the left. Movement on the left side is unimpeded.

Further, the wedge-shaped sliding friction block includes a friction surface and two slopes, the extrusion wedge block includes two slopes, the upper and lower slopes, the extrusion wedge block with two slopes opposite, and the two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks form a friction assembly. The friction surfaces of the two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks in the assembly are respectively in contact with the friction surfaces of the two friction plates, and the two slopes of the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks in the friction assembly are respectively in contact with the slopes of the two extruding wedge blocks.

Further, there are at least one pair of friction assemblies connected by the compression spring.

Further, the size and dimensions of the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks are the same.

Further, the compression spring is made of high-performance chromium alloy spring steel, and the compression reaction force of the compression spring is greater than the friction force between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block and the friction surface of the friction plate.

Further, grooves are provided in the middle of the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate along the moving direction of the middle connecting plate, so that when the middle connecting plate and the friction assembly reciprocate, they will not be squeezed to cause misalignment and deviation, which will affect the hysteresis performance stability.

When the damper is installed on the structure, it is connected to the end plate and the intermediate connecting plate respectively. In the initial state, the compression spring is in an unstressed state. When the intermediate connecting plate is loaded, the intermediate connecting plate will drive the wedge-shaped block to squeeze the slope of the wedge-shaped sliding friction block in contact with it, and the wedge-shaped sliding friction block will The other inclined surface is in contact with another extrusion wedge connected to the compression spring in the friction assembly. The movement of the middle connecting plate will cause the compression deformation of the compression spring, and the pressure generated by the deformation of the compression spring will pass through the friction assembly. The squeezing effect of the wedge-shaped sliding friction block on the wedge-shaped sliding friction block is transmitted to the contact surface between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block and the friction plate. The greater the compression of the compression spring, the greater the friction between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block and the friction plate. Large, and the friction force has a linear relationship with the spring compression. When loaded, the damping force is equal to the sum of the spring compression reaction force and the friction force between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block and the friction plate; when the intermediate connecting plate is unloaded from the displacement amplitude, the damping force is equal to the difference between the two. It is usually set that the compression reaction force of the compression spring is greater than the friction force, so that the damper can return to the initial position by itself when unloading. Since the two parts of the damping force maintain a linear relationship with the compression of the compression spring, the hysteretic curve of the damper under the reciprocating load is two diagonal triangles located in the first and third quadrants, which has the characteristics of reciprocal damping. At the same time, in the initial state, there is no pre-pressure between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block and the friction plate (that is, the contact stress is zero), so the loading of the damper does not require a sliding force, which is beneficial to ensure the stable performance of the friction interface.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The damper is simple to manufacture, low in cost and stable in performance, and the damper also has the following advantages:

1) The damping force varies linearly with the deformation and has complex damping characteristics, which can replace viscous dampers in most cases. That is, the damper provides a damping force that increases linearly with the displacement amplitude when the deformation increases from the initial position (that is, the loading process), and provides a linear increase with the displacement amplitude when it returns from the amplitude position to the initial position (that is, the unloading process). The damping force decreases linearly, and the corresponding damping force in the loading process is greater than that in the unloading process at the same deformation position. Since the loading process and the unloading process are both linear, the area enclosed by the corresponding force-deformation curve (that is, the dissipated energy) also increases linearly with the increase of the amplitude; when the structure remains elastic, the damper additional The equivalent damping ratio of the given structure is not affected by the deformation amplitude and has the characteristics of complex damping. The complex damping force varies linearly with the deformation amplitude, and the viscous damping force varies linearly with the deformation velocity. In most engineering application conditions, including TMD vibration-damping structural systems, the two kinds of damping have similar vibration-reducing effects. However, the cost of the utility model is far lower than that of the viscous damper, and the cost performance is superior.

2) There is no contact stress in the initial state of the friction interface, that is, although the damper proposed by the utility model is also based on the friction mechanism to provide energy consumption, but in the initial state, the contact stress of the friction interface is zero, which is conducive to ensuring the performance stability of the friction interface. This is also an important advantage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the plate type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a wedge-shaped sliding friction block;

Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the wedge-shaped sliding friction block in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of extrusion wedge block;

Fig. 7 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the extruded wedge block in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an intermediate connecting plate;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of A-A of Fig. 9

Fig. 11 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the middle connecting plate in Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 is the hysteresis curve of the utility model damper;

Fig. 13 is the force-displacement relationship curve of different springs used by the utility model damper;

In the figure: 1: friction plate, 2: upper fixed plate, 3: lower fixed plate, 4: end plate, 5: intermediate connecting plate, 6, 7: wedge-shaped sliding friction block, 8, 9, 10, 11: extrusion Wedge block, 12: compression spring.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is further described.

As shown in Figure 1-11, a plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1-2, includes a friction plate 1, an upper fixed plate 2, a lower fixed plate 3, end Plate 4, intermediate connecting plate 5, wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6, 7, extrusion wedge-shaped blocks 8, 9, 10, 11 and compression spring 12; two friction plates 1, upper fixed plate 2 and lower fixed plate 3 form a circle Plate-type cavity, the left end of the cavity is connected to the end plate 4, and a variable friction structure device is provided inside the cavity. The variable friction structure device is composed of a pair of friction components, an intermediate connecting plate 5 and a compression spring 12. Each friction assembly is composed of two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6, 7 and two extrusion wedge blocks 8, 9, 10, 11, as shown in Fig. 3-8. The compression spring 12 is fixedly installed between the two friction assemblies, and its two ends are respectively fixed on the two extrusion wedge blocks 9, 10 inside the two friction assemblies. As shown in Figure 9-11, there is a hole in the middle of the middle connecting plate 5, and the two friction assemblies connected by the compression spring 12 are installed in the hole of the middle connecting plate 5; The friction surface of the plate 1 is located at the bottom of the groove, and the two friction assemblies connected by the compression spring 12 are just embedded in the grooves of the two friction plates 1, so that the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6, 7 cannot move out of the groove. The middle connecting plate 5 is clamped and connected by squeezing the grooves of the upper and lower parts of the wedge blocks 8, 9, 10, 11, thereby driving the friction assembly in the middle to move back and forth left and right. Among them, the left end of the cavity is connected to the end plate 4 through a limit bolt, and the upper fixed plate 2 and the lower fixed plate 3 are respectively connected to the sides of the two friction plates 1 with bolts, which are used to fix the position of the friction plate 1, and the middle connection The plate 5 is located in the middle of the extruded wedges 8, 9, 10, 11, and the two extruded wedges 8, 11 at the ends of the two friction assemblies that are in contact with the opening of the intermediate connecting plate 5 are fixed to the intermediate connecting plate by bolts 5 on. There is a gap between the intermediate connecting plate 5 and the end plate 4, and the distance between the left end of the intermediate connecting plate 5 and the left end plate 4 is greater than the farthest distance that the intermediate connecting plate 5 moves to the left, so as to ensure that the intermediate connecting plate 5 Movement to the left is unimpeded.

Particularly, the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6, 7 include a friction surface and two slopes, the extrusion wedges 8, 9, 10, 11 include two slopes up and down, the extrusion wedges opposite to the two slopes, two The wedge-shaped sliding friction block constitutes a friction assembly. The friction surfaces of the two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks in the friction assembly are in contact with the friction surfaces of the two friction plates 1 respectively. The inclined surfaces of the extrusion wedges 8, 9, 10, 11 are in contact with each other.

In addition, there are at least one pair of friction assemblies connected by the compression spring 12, and the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6, 7 have the same size and dimension. The compression spring 12 is made of high-performance chromium alloy spring steel, and the compression reaction force of the compression spring 12 is greater than the friction force between the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6, 7 and the friction surface of the friction plate 1 . At the same time, a groove is provided between the upper fixing plate 2 and the lower fixing plate 3 along the moving direction of the middle connecting plate 5, so that when the middle connecting plate 5 and the friction assembly reciprocate, they will not be squeezed to cause misalignment and deviation, which will affect the hysteresis. return performance stability.

In the initial state, the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks 6 and 7 at the left and right ends are just tangent to the grooves at the left and right ends of the friction plate 1 without gaps, and the compression spring 12 is in an unstressed state. Take the friction component on the left as an example to further illustrate the variable friction mechanism. When loading, the intermediate connecting plate 5 will drive the extrusion wedge block 8 to squeeze the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped sliding friction block 6 in contact with it, and the other inclined surface of the wedge-shaped sliding friction block 6 and the other one of the friction components and the compression spring 12 connected extrusion wedges 9 are in contact, the movement of the intermediate connecting plate 5 will cause the compression deformation of the compression spring 12, and the pressure generated by the deformation of the compression spring 12 will pass through the two opposite extrusion wedges 8, 9 in the friction assembly. The squeezing effect of the wedge-shaped sliding friction 6 is transmitted to the contact surface between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block 6 and the friction plate 1, the greater the compression amount of the compression spring, the greater the friction force between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block 6 and the friction plate 1 , and the frictional force has a linear relationship with the compression amount of the compression spring 12 . Since the two parts of the damping force, the spring reaction force and the frictional force, maintain a linear relationship with the compression of the compression spring 12, the hysteresis curve of the damper under the reciprocating load is two diagonal triangles located in the first and third quadrants , thus achieving hysteretic performance with complex damping characteristics.

The plate-type centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics in this embodiment can provide a hysteresis curve with "triangular" linear complex stiffness characteristics, and has stable performance without the problem of sliding force. Figure 12 is the hysteresis curve obtained from the test of the plate type centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics in this embodiment. Under the action of reciprocating load, the hysteresis loop line is two diagonal triangles in the first and third quadrants. The displacement amplitude is 15mm, the performance is relatively stable, and it has the characteristics of complex damping. In this example, the plate cavity, end plate, intermediate connecting plate, extrusion slider and wedge-shaped sliding friction block are all made of high-performance steel, and the friction surface is specially treated to ensure the friction between the wedge-shaped sliding friction block and the inner wall of the friction plate. The coefficient of friction remains constant. The slope angle of the wedge block is π/10. The length of the damper is 210 mm. The compression springs in the test are mold springs with different stiffnesses. The force-displacement relationship curve is shown in Figure 13. The 1﹟spring stiffness is 35N/mm; the 2﹟spring stiffness is 100N/mm. It can be seen from Figure 12 that the damping force of the 1﹟ spring can reach about 1000N, while the damping force of the 2﹟ spring can reach about 2000N. It can be seen that increasing the stiffness of the compression spring can increase the output of the damper. In addition, when the slope angle of the wedge-shaped block is properly reduced, the damping force can increase accordingly; when the number of wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks increases, the damping force will also increase accordingly.

The above is a typical embodiment of the utility model, and the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

Claims (9)

1. A plate-type centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics, characterized in that: the damper includes a friction plate (1), an upper fixed plate (2), a lower fixed plate (3), and an end plate (4) , middle connecting plate (5), wedge-shaped sliding friction block (6, 7), extrusion wedge-shaped block (8, 9, 10, 11) and compression spring (12); two friction plates (1), upper fixed plate ( 2) and the lower fixed plate (3) form a plate cavity, the left end of the cavity is connected with the end plate (4), and a variable friction structure device is provided inside the cavity, and the variable friction structure device consists of a pair of friction components, a middle Composed of connecting plate (5) and compression spring (12); each friction assembly is composed of two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks (6, 7) and two extrusion wedge blocks (8, 9, 10, 11); compression spring (12) It is fixedly installed between two friction assemblies, and its two ends are respectively fixed on the two extruded wedge blocks (9, 10) inside the two friction assemblies; there is a hole in the middle of the middle connecting plate (5) for The two friction components connected by the compression spring (12) are installed in the hole of the middle connecting plate (5); one side plane of the friction plate (1) has a groove, and the friction surface of the friction plate (1) is located on the bottom surface of the groove , the two friction assemblies connected by compression springs (12) are just embedded in the grooves of the two friction plates (1); The lower groove snaps the connection. 2. The plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left end of the cavity is connected to the end plate (4) through a limit bolt, and the upper fixed plate (2), The lower fixing plate (3) is respectively bolted to the sides of the two friction plates (1). 3. The plate type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intermediate connecting plate (5) is located in the middle of the extruded wedge blocks (8, 9, 10, 11). 4. The plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two extruded wedges at the ends of the two friction components that are in contact with the opening of the middle connecting plate (5) Blocks (8, 11) are fixed on the intermediate connecting plate (5) by bolts. 5. The plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a gap between the intermediate connecting plate (5) and the end plate (4), and the intermediate connecting plate ( 5) The distance between the left end and the left end plate (4) is greater than the furthest distance that the middle connecting plate (5) moves to the left. 6. The plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wedge-shaped sliding friction block (6, 7) includes a friction surface and two slopes, and the wedge-shaped block (8, 7) is squeezed 9, 10, 11) including upper and lower slopes, two wedge-shaped extrusion wedges opposite to each other, and two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks to form a friction assembly. The friction surfaces of the two wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks in the friction assembly are respectively connected to the two The friction surfaces of the two friction plates (1) are in contact, and the two slopes of the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks (6, 7) in the friction assembly are respectively in contact with the slopes of the two extrusion wedge blocks (8, 9, 10, 11). 7. The plate-type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression spring (12) is connected with at least one pair of friction assemblies. 8. The plate-type centripetal friction damper with complex damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wedge-shaped sliding friction blocks (6, 7) have the same size and dimension. 9. The plate type centripetal friction damper with multiple damping characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle of the upper fixing plate (2) and the lower fixing plate (3) is along the moving direction of the middle connecting plate (5) Features grooves.