CN205081602U - Low -cost high power density permanent magnet motor of single concentrated winding of annular - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-cost and high-power-density permanent magnet motor with an annular single concentrated winding. Even numbers of stator teeth are evenly arranged on the stator, and stator slots are arranged in two adjacent stator teeth. The stator slot yoke and the stator back yoke There are permanent magnets between them, and there is a main air gap between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth of the rotor. The magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets enters the rotor to form the main magnetic flux; the permanent magnets do not rotate with the rotor, and the permanent magnets on the same stator slot yoke The magnetization directions of the magnets are the same, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets on the yoke of two adjacent stator slots are opposite; a set of armature windings is placed in the stator slots. By controlling the current magnitude and direction of a set of armature windings, the armature The interaction between the current magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet makes the magnetic flux on the stator teeth change, and the torque is generated by the change of reluctance between the stator and the rotor. The utility model has only one set of windings, and only needs to control the current magnitude and direction of one set of armature windings during operation, and the power circuit only needs two power switching devices.

Description

A Toroidal Single Concentrated Winding Low Cost High Power Density Permanent Magnet Motor

technical field

The utility model relates to a low-cost and high-power-density permanent magnet motor with an annular single concentrated winding.

Background technique

In recent years, with the improvement of high temperature resistance and price reduction of permanent magnet materials, permanent magnet motors have been more widely used in national defense, industrial and agricultural production, and daily life, and are moving towards high power, high performance and miniaturization. direction of development. At present, the power of permanent magnet motors ranges from a few milliwatts to several thousand kilowatts, and its application ranges from toy motors, industrial applications to large permanent magnet motors for ship traction, and has been widely used in various aspects of the national economy, daily life, military industry, and aerospace. widely used.

Conventional AC permanent magnet motors are usually divided into the following categories: asynchronous start permanent magnet synchronous motors, permanent magnet brushless DC motors, and speed-adjustable permanent magnet synchronous motors.

The brushless DC motor and the variable speed permanent magnet synchronous motor are basically the same in structure, with multi-phase windings on the stator and permanent magnets on the rotor. The main difference between them is that the brushless DC motor realizes self-synchronization according to the rotor position information. Their advantages are: (1) the brush commutator is eliminated, and the reliability is improved; (2) the loss is mainly generated by the stator, and the heat dissipation condition is good; (3) the volume is small and the weight is light.

The structural difference between the asynchronous start permanent magnet synchronous motor and the variable speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is that the former has a starting winding or an integral iron core with a starting effect on the rotor, which can realize self-starting and can be connected to the grid without a control system.

In addition, there are single-phase permanent magnet motors. Single-phase permanent magnet motors need to be started and operated with supporting capacitors, which are bulky, high in cost, and have low overall operating efficiency and power factor.

The existing permanent magnet motor windings are generally 3-phase, the number of stator slots is large, the winding process is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is high; the permanent magnets of most existing permanent magnet motors are located on the rotor and rotate with the rotor during operation. The special process is fixed and the manufacturing cost is high. Especially when the motor speed is high, it is more difficult to fix the permanent magnet. Since the permanent magnet is located on the rotor, it is difficult to dissipate heat during operation. The temperature rise and vibration caused by the rotation of the rotor will cause damage to the mechanical structure of the permanent magnet. and irreversible demagnetization; existing permanent magnet motors are generally three-phase, requiring at least 6 power switching devices, such as IGBT or MOSFET, for the power inverter circuit of the motor, as well as the corresponding drive circuit and The protection circuit makes the cost of the motor power inverter circuit quite high, even reaching two to three times the cost of the motor body. The increase in the number of power switching devices increases the complexity of the control circuit, the possibility of device failure increases, and the reliability of the system during operation. Reduced; most of the existing permanent magnet motors have permanent magnets directly facing the air gap, and radially magnetized permanent magnets are required, because when parallel magnetization is used, the magnetic flux per pole of the motor will be significantly reduced, reducing the output and power density of the motor. However, the cost of radially magnetized permanent magnets is high, and it is very difficult to obtain uniform radially magnetized permanent magnets; the amount of iron core used in the manufacture of existing permanent magnet motors is large, the quality of the motor is large, and the material utilization rate is low when the motor is running. Therefore, seeking A permanent magnet motor with few winding phases, less iron core consumption, simple motor body manufacturing process, permanent magnets located on the stator, easy installation, low cost, few power circuit switching devices, and low controller and power circuit costs very important.

In addition, the existing permanent magnet motors mostly use distributed windings or concentrated windings spanning multiple pole pitches, which generally have long winding ends, a large amount of copper, high manufacturing costs, high copper consumption during motor operation, and low efficiency. Disadvantages, especially for motors with large outer diameter and small axial length, that is, a large ratio of diameter to length, this disadvantage is particularly prominent, and special winding coil connection methods are required to reduce the winding end and reduce the use of Copper to improve motor operating efficiency.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a low-cost high-power-density permanent magnet motor with an annular single concentrated winding. There is only one set of stator armature windings on the stator of the permanent magnet motor, and only one set is placed in each slot of the motor. The armature winding does not need phase-to-phase insulation in the slot, the slot full rate is high, and the motor winding off-line process is simple, and the whole cost is lower than the existing various three-phase induction motors and permanent magnet motors; at the same time, the utility model only needs A set of armature windings passes AC current, so the control circuit of the motor only needs two power electronic power switching devices, which changes the existing three-phase or more armature windings on the stators of various induction motors and permanent magnet motors. The current situation of at least 6 power electronic power switching devices effectively reduces the number of power switching devices, reduces the possibility of failure of power switching devices in the motor control circuit, and improves reliability.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A ring-shaped single concentrated winding low-cost high-power-density permanent magnet motor, including a stator, a rotor and a main air gap, the stator is ring-shaped, and the rotor is arranged inside the stator, wherein:

An even number of stator teeth is evenly arranged on the stator, stator slots are arranged in two adjacent stator teeth, permanent magnets are arranged between the stator slot yoke and the stator back yoke, and a permanent magnet is arranged between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth of the rotor. There is a main air gap, and the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet enters the rotor through the main air gap to form the main magnetic flux;

The permanent magnets do not rotate with the rotor, the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets on the same stator slot yoke are the same, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets on two adjacent stator slot yokes are opposite;

A set of armature windings is placed in the stator slot. By controlling the current magnitude and direction of a set of armature windings, the interaction between the armature current magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets changes the magnetic flux on the stator teeth. The change in reluctance produces torque. Only one set of armature windings is placed in the stator slot, no interphase insulation is required in the stator slot, the slot utilization rate is high, the winding off-line process is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.

The setting that the permanent magnet does not rotate with the rotor makes installation easy and is conducive to heat dissipation, which eliminates the shortcomings of ordinary single-phase permanent magnet motors such as mechanical stress damage and poor heat dissipation of the permanent magnet caused by the rotation of the permanent magnet with the rotor.

Further, the permanent magnets are magnetized in parallel or radially, and each permanent magnet is magnetized by a whole permanent magnet or spliced by multiple permanent magnets, and the pole arc width of the permanent magnet can be Same or different.

The number of the stator teeth is an even number greater than or equal to 4.

The number of rotor teeth is 1/2 of the number of stator teeth.

The number of blocks of the permanent magnets is m times of the rotor teeth, and m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

The stator teeth, stator slot yoke, stator back yoke and rotor teeth are all made of laminated silicon steel sheets or made of high magnetic permeability iron core material.

The permanent magnet is in close contact with both the stator back yoke core and the stator slot yoke core.

The two adjacent stator teeth are connected by a stator slot yoke, and each two stator teeth and the stator slot yoke between each form an integral iron core, and the number of the integral iron core blocks in the motor is equal to the number of rotor teeth.

The armature winding is a concentrated winding, which penetrates from an armature slot and exits along the outside of the stator back yoke in the direction of the outer diameter to form a coil. The armature winding is wound around the stator slot yoke, permanent magnets and stator back yoke. When the diameter length of the motor is relatively large, it can effectively reduce the length of the end winding, reduce the amount of copper used, reduce the cost of the motor and reduce the copper consumption of the motor, and improve efficiency. The armature winding of each armature slot forms a set of coils, all The coils in the armature slots are connected in parallel or in series. When the motor is running, it is only necessary to control the current magnitude and direction of a set of armature windings. The interaction between the armature current magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet makes the magnetic flux on the stator teeth strengthen or cancel each other, and the stator magnetic field is continuous in a certain direction. Turn on or off, and use the change of reluctance between the stator and rotor to generate torque.

The pole arc width of the permanent magnet of the motor is flexibly determined according to the magnetic energy product or remanence density of the permanent magnet, and the remanence density of the permanent magnet is determined according to the design air gap flux density of the motor, and then determined by changing the pole arc coefficient of the permanent magnet. Determine the magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet. However, the existing permanent magnet motor is limited by the number of poles due to the pole arc coefficient. Usually, only high-performance permanent magnets can meet the design flux density requirements.

The permanent magnet can be made of high energy product permanent magnet material such as neodymium iron boron or low magnetic energy product permanent magnet material such as ferrite or alnico.

The rotor is a symmetrical salient pole rotor, a stepped rotor or a turbine rotor.

The working principle of the utility model is:

The stator core and rotor core of the motor are made of laminated silicon steel sheets or iron core materials with high magnetic permeability. When the armature winding is not energized, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through the stator slot yoke, stator teeth And the main air gap flows into the rotor teeth along the radial direction of the motor, and then flows out through the adjacent rotor teeth to the main air gap to reach the permanent magnet under the other pole, and then closes through the stator back yoke to form the main magnetic flux of the motor. When the armature winding is energized, the magnetic field generated by the armature winding current causes the stator teeth on both sides of the armature slot where the armature winding is located to present different polarities, which is superimposed with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, making one stator tooth display polarity , the main magnetic flux passes through, and the other adjacent stator tooth has no polarity and no magnetic flux flows. Since the armature winding is arranged every other slot, half of the stator teeth in the motor have polarity, and half The stator teeth have no polarity. According to the principle of minimum reluctance, the rotor will rotate until the rotor teeth coincide with the polar stator teeth. Since the number of rotor teeth is half of the number of stator teeth, each rotor tooth coincides with the stator teeth. On the opposite side, this position is the alignment position of the rotor teeth and the stator teeth, and the magnetic resistance corresponding to this position is the smallest. At this time, if the rotor wants to continue to rotate, it is necessary to change the direction of the current in the armature winding, so that the stator teeth that have no polarity just now show polarity, and the stator teeth that have polarity do not show polarity. At this time, according to the magnetic Based on the principle of minimum resistance, the rotor teeth will have a tendency to rotate to align with the current polarized stator teeth, thus generating torque, and the rotor will be rotated under force. When the rotor teeth and the stator overlap again, the direction of the armature winding current will continue to change. This process will repeat forever, and the rotor will continue to spin.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) The motor of the utility model has only one set of windings, and only needs to control the current magnitude and direction of a set of armature windings during operation, and the power circuit only needs two power switching devices, while ordinary three-phase motors need at least 6 power switching devices , the number of power switching devices required by the motor controller is small, and the cost is low;

(2) When the motor of the utility model is running, the magnetic fields generated by the armature winding and the permanent magnets are mutually enhanced or canceled on the stator teeth. The advantages of high efficiency, the motor of the same design power, the motor of the utility model saves the amount of materials and reduces the cost;

(3) The permanent magnet of the electric motor of the utility model is fixed on the stator, does not rotate with the rotor, is easy to install, is conducive to heat dissipation, and eliminates the mechanical stress damage of the ordinary single-phase permanent magnet motor due to the rotation of the permanent magnet with the rotor, and the poor heat dissipation of the permanent magnet and other shortcomings;

(4) Only one set of windings is placed in each stator slot of the motor of the present invention, and the windings are simple concentrated windings, which penetrate from an armature slot and pass out along the outer side of the stator back yoke in the outer diameter direction to form a coil. The armature winding is wound around the stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and stator back yoke. The winding structure is simple and simplifies the off-line process. When the diameter of the motor is relatively large, the length of the end winding can be effectively reduced, and the amount of copper used can be effectively reduced. Reduce the cost of the motor and reduce the copper consumption of the motor to improve efficiency. The armature winding of each armature slot forms a set of coils, and all the coils formed can be connected in parallel or in series. Insulation is conducive to improving the slot fullness rate and slot utilization rate;

(5) Eliminate the torque dead zone by changing the rotor structure of the motor of the present invention, and improve the starting performance of the motor, such as asymmetric rotors, turbine-shaped rotors or stepped rotors, etc.;

(6) The permanent magnet in the motor of the utility model can be a permanent magnet magnetized as a whole, and can also be spliced by a plurality of permanent magnets, so the manufacturing process is simple and the cost is low, and the problem of the wider pole arc width of the motor is improved. The cost of the permanent magnet is high, it is easy to break when mechanically stressed, it is difficult to install, and the mechanical strength is not as good as the splicing of multiple permanent magnets with smaller pole arc widths;

(7) The pole arc width of the permanent magnet of the utility model motor can be flexibly determined according to the design magnetic energy product or the design residual magnetic density of the permanent magnet, so the utility model motor can adopt the permanent magnet of the high magnetic energy product and can also adopt the low magnetic energy product Permanent magnets can also be mixed and matched with high energy product permanent magnets and low energy product permanent magnets. In actual design, the remanent magnetic density of the permanent magnet can be determined according to the design air gap flux density of the motor, and then the permanent magnet’s pole arc coefficient can be used. Determine the magnetic energy product of the required permanent magnet, which solves the problem that the existing permanent magnet motor is limited by the number of poles due to the pole arc coefficient, and usually only high-performance permanent magnets can meet the needs of high-performance motors;

(8) The permanent magnet of the electric motor of the utility model does not directly face the air gap, and the permanent magnet can be magnetized radially or parallelly. For magneto, the magnetic flux decreases when parallel magnetization is used, which will significantly affect the power index of the motor, and it is difficult to obtain uniform radial magnetization permanent magnets, and the processing cost is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the power converter circuit diagram of the utility model motor;

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of existing brushless DC permanent magnet and permanent magnet synchronous motor power converter;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the motor of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the motor of the present invention;

Among them, 1. stator teeth, 2. stator back yoke, 3. stator slot yoke, 4. armature slot, 5. armature winding, 6. permanent magnet, 7. rotor tooth, 8. rotor slot, 9. main gas Gap.

detailed description:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

A ring-shaped single concentrated winding low-cost high-power-density permanent magnet motor, which includes a stator, a rotor, a main air gap, the stator includes permanent magnets, a stator yoke, stator teeth, stator slots and stator windings; the rotor includes rotor teeth and rotor slots; The stator yoke includes a stator slot yoke and a stator back yoke. The stator slot yoke is located at the bottom of the stator slot close to the outer circumference. There is a permanent magnet between the stator slot yoke and the stator back yoke. The permanent magnet does not rotate with the rotor. It is easy to install and is conducive to heat dissipation. Eliminates the shortcomings of ordinary single-phase permanent magnet motors such as mechanical stress damage and poor heat dissipation of permanent magnets caused by the rotation of permanent magnets with the rotor. The permanent magnets are magnetized in parallel or radially, and each permanent magnet can be composed of a The whole permanent magnet is magnetized, or it can be spliced by multiple permanent magnets with narrow widths. The pole arc width of the permanent magnets can be the same or different. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnets on the same stator slot yoke Same, the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets on the yoke of two adjacent stator slots are opposite, and the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets enters the rotor through the main air gap to form the main magnetic flux; the stator slots are the slots where the armature windings are located (armature A set of armature windings is placed in the armature slot. When the motor is running, it only needs to control the current magnitude and direction of a set of armature windings. The interaction between the armature current magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet makes the magnetic field on the stator teeth Through strengthening or canceling each other, the stator magnetic field is continuously turned on or off in a certain direction, and the torque is generated by using the reluctance change between the stator and the rotor; there is a main air gap between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth.

The number n _s of stator teeth of the motor satisfies: n _s =2*n, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

The number n _r of motor rotor teeth and the number n _s of motor stator teeth satisfy: n _r = n _s /2.

The number n _pm of permanent magnets and the number n _s of motor stator teeth satisfy: n _pm /m=0.5*n _s , m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

Only one set of armature windings is placed in the stator slot, no interphase insulation is required in the stator slot, the slot utilization rate is high, the winding off-line process is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.

The motor stator teeth, stator slot yoke, stator back yoke and rotor teeth are all made of laminated silicon steel sheets or made of high magnetic permeability iron core material.

The permanent magnets are in close contact with both the stator back yoke core and the stator slot yoke core.

Two adjacent stator teeth are connected by stator slot yokes, and every two stator teeth and the stator slot yoke between them form an integral iron core, and the number n _c of the integral iron core blocks in the motor satisfies n _c =n _r .

The armature winding is a simple concentrated winding, which penetrates from an armature slot and passes out along the outside of the stator back yoke in the direction of the outer diameter to form a coil. The armature winding surrounds the stator slot yoke, and the permanent magnet and the stator back yoke are wound. When the diameter length of the motor is relatively large, it can effectively reduce the length of the end winding, reduce the amount of copper used, reduce the cost of the motor and reduce the copper consumption of the motor, and improve efficiency. The armature winding of each armature slot forms a set of coils. Can be connected in parallel or in series.

The pole arc width of the permanent magnet of the motor can be flexibly determined according to the magnetic energy product or residual magnetic density of the permanent magnet. Determine the magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet. However, the existing permanent magnet motor is limited by the number of poles due to the pole arc coefficient. Usually, only high-performance permanent magnets can meet the design flux density requirements.

The permanent magnet can be made of high energy product permanent magnet material such as NdFeB or low energy product permanent magnet material such as ferrite or AlNiCo.

The rotor is a symmetrical salient pole rotor, a stepped rotor or a turbine rotor.

As shown in Figure 1, the motor winding of the utility model is a simple concentrated winding, which penetrates from an armature slot and passes out along the outer side of the stator back yoke in the direction of the outer diameter to form a coil. The armature winding surrounds the stator slot yoke, permanently The magnet and the stator back yoke are wound. When the diameter of the motor is relatively large, it can effectively reduce the length of the end winding, reduce the amount of copper used, reduce the cost of the motor, reduce the copper consumption of the motor, and improve efficiency. The current of each armature slot The armature winding forms 1 set of coils, and there are 4 sets of coils in total. The 4 sets of coils can be connected in parallel or in series. When the motor of the utility model is running, only one set of armature winding A passes AC current, so the control circuit of the motor only needs two power electronic power Switching devices such as IGBTs or MOSFETs.

As shown in Fig. 2, all kinds of induction motors and permanent magnet motors have three-phase or more armature windings on their stators, which require at least six power electronic power switching devices. Therefore, the control system of the electric motor of the utility model requires few switching devices, low cost and simple structure. In addition, due to the small number of power switching devices, the possibility of failure of the power switching devices in the motor control circuit is reduced, and the reliability is improved.

Embodiment one:

As shown in Figure 3, the number of stator teeth of the motor is 8, the number of rotor teeth is 4, and the number of permanent magnet blocks is 4. This embodiment includes a stator, a rotor and a main air gap. The stator includes a stator core, a permanent magnet and a stator slot, and the stator iron The core includes stator teeth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3. The stator core is made of ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability. The stator core is provided with stator slots. The stator slots are armature slots 4 and armature slots 4 The armature winding 5 is placed inside, and the armature winding 5 is a simple concentrated winding, which penetrates from an armature slot 4 and passes out along the outer side of the stator back yoke 2 in the direction of the outer diameter to form a coil, and the armature winding surrounds The stator slot yoke 3, the permanent magnet 6 and the stator back yoke 2 are wound. The winding structure is simple and the off-line process is simplified. When the diameter of the motor is relatively large, it can effectively reduce the length of the end winding, reduce the amount of copper used, and reduce the cost of the motor. Cost and reduce the copper consumption of the motor, improve efficiency, the armature winding of each armature slot forms a set of coils, a total of 4 sets of coils, 4 sets of coils can be connected in parallel or in series; between the stator slot yoke 3 and the stator back yoke 2 Arc-shaped permanent magnets 6 are placed, and the permanent magnets are made of ferrite permanent magnet materials with low magnetic energy product. The permanent magnets are magnetized in parallel, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; the rotor includes rotor teeth 7 and rotor slots 8 , the rotor teeth are distributed symmetrically along the circumference, and a main air gap 9 is provided between the rotor teeth 7 and the stator teeth 1 .

The magnetic flux generated by two adjacent permanent magnets enters the rotor through the main air gap to form the main magnetic flux. The two stator teeth corresponding to the same permanent magnet have the same polarity, and the two adjacent permanent magnets correspond to the same polarity. The polarity of the stator teeth is opposite to it, and the magnetic field generated by the armature winding current makes the magnetic field directions on the two adjacent stator teeth on both sides of the armature slot where the winding is located opposite, which acts as a magnetizer for one stator tooth. It demagnetizes the other stator tooth. Therefore, the current magnetic field of the armature winding and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet interact with each other so that the magnetic fields of the two stator teeth corresponding to the same permanent magnet can strengthen or cancel each other. By controlling the current of the armature winding The size and direction can control the opening and closing of the direction of the magnetic field on the stator teeth. When the magnetic field on the stator teeth strengthens each other and "turns on", according to the principle of minimum reluctance, the stator teeth have the force of attracting the rotor teeth to it. Therefore, torque is generated; when the stator teeth and rotor teeth are aligned with each other and reach the position where the reluctance is the smallest, the direction of the armature winding current is changed, so that the magnetic field on the stator teeth is mutually weakened and "turned off", at this time the The attraction effect between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth disappears, but the magnetic field of the adjacent stator teeth strengthens each other and "opens", and continues to attract the rotor teeth, so that the rotor rotates continuously.

Embodiment two:

As shown in Figure 4, the number of stator teeth in this embodiment is 8, the number of rotor teeth is 4, and the number of permanent magnet blocks is 12. This embodiment includes a stator, a rotor, and a main air gap. The stator includes a stator core, permanent magnets and stator slots. The stator core includes stator teeth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3. The stator core is made of ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability. The stator core is provided with stator slots. The stator slots are armature slots 4. An armature winding 5 is placed in the armature slot 4, and the armature winding 5 is a simple concentrated winding, which penetrates from an armature slot 4 and passes out along the outer side of the stator back yoke 2 in the direction of the outer diameter to form a coil. The pivot winding is wound around the stator slot yoke 3, the permanent magnet 6 and the stator back yoke 2. The winding structure is simple and simplifies the off-line process. When the diameter of the motor is relatively large, the length of the end winding can be effectively reduced and the amount of copper used can be reduced. , reduce the cost of the motor and reduce the copper consumption of the motor, improve efficiency, the armature winding of each armature slot forms a set of coils, a total of 4 sets of coils, and the 4 sets of coils can be connected in parallel or in series; the stator slot yoke 3 and the stator back Arc-shaped permanent magnets 6 are placed between the yokes 2, and there are 3 permanent magnets on each stator slot yoke. The permanent magnets 6 are made of NdFeB permanent magnet materials with high magnetic energy product. The magnetization directions of the three permanent magnets on the sub-slot yoke are the same, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets on different adjacent stator slot yokes are opposite; the rotor includes rotor teeth 7 and rotor slots 8, and the rotor is turbine-shaped. When the rotor teeth When 7 is aligned with stator tooth 1, the reluctance of this rotor tooth is different from that of two adjacent stator teeth, which is beneficial to eliminate the torque dead zone and improve the starting performance of the motor; there is a main air gap between rotor tooth 7 and stator tooth 1 9.

The magnetic flux generated by two adjacent permanent magnets enters the rotor through the main air gap to form the main magnetic flux. The two stator teeth corresponding to the same permanent magnet have the same polarity, and the two adjacent permanent magnets correspond to the same polarity. The polarity of the stator teeth is opposite to it, and the magnetic field generated by the armature winding current makes the magnetic field directions on the two adjacent stator teeth on both sides of the armature slot where the winding is located opposite, which acts as a magnetizer for one stator tooth. It demagnetizes the other stator tooth. Therefore, the current magnetic field of the armature winding and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet interact with each other so that the magnetic fields of the two stator teeth corresponding to the same permanent magnet can strengthen or cancel each other. By controlling the current of the armature winding The size and direction can control the opening and closing of the direction of the magnetic field on the stator teeth. When the magnetic field on the stator teeth strengthens each other and "turns on", according to the principle of minimum reluctance, the stator teeth have the force of attracting the rotor teeth to it. Therefore, torque is generated; when the stator teeth and rotor teeth are aligned with each other and reach the position where the reluctance is the smallest, the direction of the armature winding current is changed, so that the magnetic field on the stator teeth is mutually weakened and "turned off", at this time the The attraction effect between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth disappears, but the magnetic field of the adjacent stator teeth strengthens each other and "opens", and continues to attract the rotor teeth, so that the rotor rotates continuously.

At the same time, according to the different application fields of the motor provided by the utility model, it is easy for those skilled in the art to make non-creative changes to the motor structure of the utility model for different specific application environments and objects, and it should also belong to In the protection scope of the present utility model. Specifically include: (1) Household appliances: including TV audio-visual equipment, fans, air conditioners, food processors, beauty tools, range hoods, etc.; (2) Computers and their peripherals: including computers (drivers, fans, etc.), printers, Plotters, optical drives, CD recorders, etc.; (3) Industrial production: including industrial drive devices, material processing systems, automation equipment, robots, etc.; (4) Automobiles: including permanent magnet starters, wiper motors, door lock motors, seat Chair lift motors, sunshade ceiling motors, cleaning pump motors, tape recorder motors, glass lift motors, radiator cooling fan motors, air conditioner motors, antenna lift motors, oil pump motors, etc.; (5) public life: including clocks, beauty machinery, automatic Vending machines, automatic teller machines, cash counters, etc.; (6) transportation: including trams, aircraft auxiliary equipment, ships, etc.; (7) aerospace: including rockets, satellites, spacecraft, space shuttles, etc.; (8) national defense : including tanks, missiles, submarines, aircraft, etc.; (9) medical treatment: including dental drills, artificial hearts, medical equipment, etc.; , and auxiliary exciters for large generators, etc.

Although the specific implementation of the utility model has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to Various modifications or deformations that can be made with creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of the single concentratred winding of annular, comprises stator, rotor and main air gap, and ringwise, rotor is arranged at the inside of stator to stator, wherein:

Described stator is evenly provided with even number stator tooth, stator slot is provided with in adjacent two stator tooths, permanent magnet is provided with between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, be provided with main air gap between described stator tooth and the rotor tooth of rotor, the magnetic flux that described permanent magnet produces enters rotor through main air gap and forms main flux;

It is characterized in that: described permanent magnet is not with rotor turns, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on same stator slot yoke is identical, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in adjacent two stator slot yoke portions is contrary;

A set of armature winding is laid in described stator slot, by controlling size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding, the magnetic field interaction that armature supply magnetic field and permanent magnet produce makes the magnetic flux on stator tooth change, and utilizes magnetic resistance change rate between stators and rotators to produce torque.

2. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, is characterized in that: the number of described stator tooth be more than or equal to 4 even number.

3. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of a kind of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the number of described rotor tooth is 1/2 of stator tooth number.

4. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, is characterized in that: the several number of block of described permanent magnet be the m of rotor tooth doubly, m be more than or equal to 1 natural number.

5. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of a kind of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described stator tooth, stator slot yoke, stator back yoke and rotor tooth form by silicon steel plate stacking or be made up of high magnetic permeability core material.

6. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, is characterized in that: described permanent magnet and stator back yoke iron core and the equal close contact of stator slot yoke core.

7. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of a kind of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described two adjacent stator tooths are connected by stator slot yoke, every two stator tooths and between stator slot yoke form one piece of integrated iron core, this integrated iron core block number is equal with rotor tooth number in motor.

8. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of a kind of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described armature winding is concentratred winding, penetrate from an armature slot, pass outside stator back yoke to the outer direction, form a coil, armature winding is wound around around stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and stator back yoke, and the armature winding of each armature slot forms 1 cover coil, and the coil in all armature slots is parallel with one another or connect.

9. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of a kind of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet is parallel magnetization or radial magnetizing, every block permanent magnet is magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and forms or be spliced by polylith permanent magnet.

10. the low cost high powered density permanent magnetic motor of a kind of annular single concentratred winding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the polar arc width of the permanent magnet of described motor is by determining according to the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet or residual flux density, according to the residual flux density of the design air gap flux density determination permanent magnet of motor, determined the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet by the pole embrace changing permanent magnet.