CN204982827U - Self -adjusting unpowered oil skimming ware of gesture - Google Patents

Abstract

A non-powered oil skimmer with automatic posture adjustment, including a compression cover, a superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator, an oil collector and a counterweight; the compression cover is located at the opening of the oil The lipophilic porous separator is pressed and positioned; the contact angle of the porous separator to water is greater than 150°, and the contact angle to oil is less than 10°; the porous separator has a porous structure with a micron-scale pore size; the counterweight is placed On the oil collector, the initial attitude of the oil slick collector on the water surface is a slightly inclined state, and the upward inclination angle of the slightly inclined state is about 5°; during the oil absorption process, the attitude is automatically adjusted due to the change of the buoyancy center and the center of gravity, and the oil slick after absorbing full oil The collector stands vertically in the water; the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator at the outlet of the oil collector is partially submerged between the oil-water interface. The device automatically adjusts its posture, and can achieve a collection rate of more than 90% for cetane and crude oil. There are no additional parts inside the oil collector, and the effective volume ratio of oil collection is greater than 90%.

Description

A non-powered oil skimmer with automatic attitude adjustment

technical field

The utility model relates to a non-powered oil skimmer with automatic posture adjustment, in particular to a non-powered oil skimmer with automatic posture adjustment for large-area water spill treatment.

Background technique

In recent years, oil spill accidents on water have occurred many times at home and abroad, causing serious environmental pollution and economic losses. On the one hand, with the depletion of onshore oil resources, seabed oil resources have become an important source of oil. On the other hand, about half of the current oil trade is carried out by sea. Therefore, the water spill oil collection technology has important practical significance and application value.

Superhydrophobic-superoleophilic materials have been widely used in the research of oil spill collection on water due to their opposite extreme wettability to water and oil. Patent CN102979066A discloses a device for absorbing and separating oil spills on the water surface. The oil slicks are absorbed by a block-shaped polyurethane sponge placed in a superhydrophobic-super-oleophilic wire mesh, but the oil slicks must be squeezed after each adsorption. It collects oil slick, so it is inconvenient to apply to the removal of large area of oil slick on water. Patent CN103276707A discloses a kind of oil slick collection equipment and its preparation method and application. The slick oil absorbed by the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic porous material is collected through pipes and pumps, but when the pump pressure is high, water will enter the porous material and The collection device reduces the purity of the collected oil, especially the oil slick collection equipment is a series structure without protective devices, which is easily damaged by complex working conditions (such as strong winds and waves, floating objects). Patent CN103255749A discloses an offshore oil slick collection device, which is composed of vanes, a floating barrel with a hydrophobic and oil-friendly net and an oil collection pipe, but this utility model needs to work under the drag of an oil collection ship, and it is difficult and reef environments. Patent CN102464381A discloses a method for collecting oil slicks on the water surface. A porous hydrophobic and lipophilic layer is covered on the outer wall of the oil collection chamber, and oil is adsorbed by different interfacial tensions between oil and water. However, the porous lipophilic layer used in this method is coated silica sand , poor hydrophobic and lipophilic ability, when the pressure difference of the hydrophobic and lipophilic layer is 0-20kPa, the volume flow ratio of oil and water passing through the hydrophobic and lipophilic layer reaches 1.5-3:1, resulting in low collection efficiency and low purity of the collected oil Poor (less than 85%), and it is difficult to replace the coated silica sand after failure. In addition, after the surface of the device is covered by the oil film, due to the difference in internal and external pressure, it is difficult for floating oil to enter the oil collection chamber. Patent CN103774629A discloses a collection device for oil slick on the water surface, which is composed of a protective cover, a super-hydrophobic-super-oleophilic filter element, a vent pipe, a sealing ring, a connector, an oil collection chamber, an oil discharge port cover and a sinker, and the oil slick It is adsorbed, collected and finally transferred to the oil collection chamber by the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter element, but the device does not have the function of automatic attitude adjustment. The height of the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter element determines the height of oil collected in the oil collection chamber. The effective volume of oil collection is relatively small, and the volume of collected oil is about 50% of the overall volume of the device, but the oil collection speed is fast, and it is suitable for occasions that require rapid oil removal. The literature (ACSAppliedMaterials&Interfaces2014, 6:19858-19865) discloses a self-driven one-step oil removal method based on a selectively wettable steel mesh. The superhydrophobic-superoleophilic stainless steel mesh is covered on the open end of the barrel-shaped container to form an oil collection device. , the device is immersed in the oil slick-water mixture at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, so that part of the superhydrophobic network contacts with the slick oil and the water below, and then absorbs and collects the slick oil. Due to the fixed inclination angle of the device during each oil absorption process, the effective volume of the oil collection is relatively small, and the volume of the collected oil is less than 60% of the volume of the barrel container, and the storage stability of the collected oil is poor, and the collected oil is not timely After being taken away, it will easily overflow from the super-hydrophobic-super-oleophilic net on the side when encountering wind waves and ocean currents, causing secondary water pollution. The occasion where the oil is carried out at the same time.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a non-powered oil skimmer with automatic posture adjustment, large effective volume ratio of oil collection, high oil storage stability, not easy to cause secondary water pollution, and can be placed on the sewage surface for a long time.

The technical scheme of the utility model is specifically as follows:

An unpowered oil floating collector with automatic posture adjustment, comprising a compression cover, a superhydrophobic-super-oleophilic porous separator, an oil collector and a counterweight; the compression cover is located at the opening of the oil collector, and the The superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator is pressed and positioned; the contact angle of the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator to water is greater than 150°, and the contact angle to oil is less than 10°; the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator is less than 10°; The super-oleophilic porous separator has a porous structure with a pore size of micron; the material of the oil collector is a non-fragile material; In the tilted state, the upward tilt angle of the slight tilted state is about 5°; during the oil suction process, the posture is automatically adjusted due to the change of the center of buoyancy and the center of gravity, and the oil floating collector after absorbing full oil stands vertically in the water; the supercharger at the outlet of the oil collector The hydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator is partially submerged between the oil-water interface.

The oil collector is a barrel structure or other structural forms.

The counterweight is placed outside or inside the oil collector.

The compression cap and the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator are located outside the opening of the oil collector.

The device of the utility model can automatically adjust the posture during the oil absorption process, and the effective volume ratio of the oil collection is larger. During the oil absorption process, the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy change, making the inclination angle of the device gradually increase. When the oil collector is full, the device will suddenly turn over, stop the oil absorption process, reach the maximum volume of oil absorption, and the effective volume ratio of oil collection is greater than 90 %.

The device of the utility model has high oil storage stability and is not easy to cause secondary water pollution. Oil skimmer vertical after full suction

Standing upright in the water, the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator is located on the upper part. When subjected to wind waves and ocean currents, it is difficult for the collected oil to escape from the upper porous separator, resulting in high oil storage stability. It is not easy to cause secondary water pollution.

The utility model can adapt to the change of the water surface environment. When the harsh water surface environment occurs, the balance weight and oil collector

Under the action of the gravity of the inner oil, the opening can be kept facing up, and the anti-interference ability is strong.

The utility model has wide application range and high collection efficiency. Suitable for cetane, n-hexane, corn oil, crude oil, etc.

Reach a collection rate of more than 90%.

The utility model can collect spilled oil in situ. The device is directly placed on the surface of the oil spill, and the collected oil is of high purity and does not need to be purified again.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of automatic attitude adjustment of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is the separation rate of the utility model to different oils.

In the figure: 1 oil spill on water surface; 2 superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator; 3 compression cover; 4 oil collector; 5 water; 6 counterweight.

detailed description

Example 1

A non-powered oil skimmer with automatic attitude adjustment is shown in Figure 1, which includes a superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator 2, a compression cover 3, an oil collector 4 and a counterweight 6. The superhydrophobic-superoleophilic porous separator used in this example is copper foam that has been chemically etched and treated with low surface energy, and its specific structure is shown in Figure 2. The pore diameter is 10μm-100μm, and the pore wall has a finer nanoscale structure. The device is thrown into water, and the oil film is between superhydrophobic and superoleophilic porous separators. The superhydrophobicity of the separator keeps water out of the device, and the superoleophilicity allows oil to pass through the pore structure of the separator into the oil collector. In the initial state of collecting oil spilled on the water surface, the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the device are located on a vertical line, as shown in Figure 3(a). As the amount of oil in the oil collector increases, the center of gravity and buoyancy of the device change, and the inclination angle also increases, as shown in Figure 3(b). When the inclination angle of the device continues to increase, it will suddenly overturn, making the opening of the device face upward, and stop collecting the oil spilled on the water surface.

Add n-hexane, hexadecane, mineral oil and corn oil to water respectively to simulate oil spill on water surface. Put the device of the utility model into the oil-water mixture, the device starts to work and collects the oil slick, and after 80 seconds, it is found that there is no visible oil slick on the water surface. The quality of the collected oil is compared with the quality of the oil added to the water to calculate the oil absorption rate, and the results are shown in Figure 4. The oil absorption rates of n-hexane, hexadecane, mineral oil and corn oil are 98.5%, 97.6%, 94.3% and 91.9% respectively. The utility model is not limited to the oils mentioned in this embodiment, and can also achieve the purpose of collecting crude oil, non-polar organic solvents and the like.

Claims (5)

1. the self-adjusting unpowered floating-oil collector of attitude, is characterized in that: this device comprises friction top, super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier, oil trap and balancing weight; Described friction top is positioned at oil trap opening part, compresses super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier and locates; The described contact angle of super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier to water is greater than 150 °, is less than 10 ° to the contact angle of oil; Described super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier has cavernous structure, and aperture is micron order; Described oil trap material is non frangible material; Described balancing weight is placed on oil trap, and floating-oil collector is micro-heeling condition at water surface initial attitude, and the micro-heeling condition angle that is inclined upwardly is about 5 °; Because the change of centre of buoyancy and center of gravity adjusts attitude automatically in oil-absorbing process, be filled the floating-oil collector after oil and vertically stand in water; Super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier in oil trap exit is partially immersed between oil-water interfaces.

2. the self-adjusting unpowered floating-oil collector of a kind of attitude according to claim 1, is characterized in that: oil trap is barrel-like structure.

3. the self-adjusting unpowered floating-oil collector of a kind of attitude according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: balancing weight is placed in the outside or inside of oil trap.

4. the self-adjusting unpowered floating-oil collector of a kind of attitude according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: friction top, super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier are positioned at the outside of oil trap opening.

5. the self-adjusting unpowered floating-oil collector of a kind of attitude according to claim 3, is characterized in that: friction top, super-hydrophobic-super oleophylic porous barrier are positioned at the outside of oil trap opening.