CN204783992U - Quick fastener that can fasten first and second parts with releasing - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fast fastener for releasably fastening a first part and a second part by using a holding part, a bolt and a screw actively connected to the two parts, wherein the holding part can be fastened to the second part, And the bolt can be fastened to the first part, and the screw includes a first thread and a second thread opposite to the first thread, the first thread of the screw acts on the thread of the holder, and the second thread of the screw acts on the thread of the holder. On the thread of the bolt, the retainer includes a spring seat and a cap that can move axially relative to the spring seat, and the spring element is arranged between the spring seat and the cap, so that rotating the screw can make the axial displacement of the bolt and the displacement of the cap To tension the spring element, wherein a loss prevention device is provided between the holder and the screw.

Description

Quick fastener for releasably fastening first and second parts

technical field

The utility model relates to a quick fastener for releasably fastening a first part and a second part to each other.

Background technique

In the prior art, there are various quick fasteners. For example, DE 10 2009 016 755 A1 discloses a plug-in connection comprising a ball head and a connecting piece with a spherical cap. Possible tolerances and vibrations between these components can be compensated by prestressed springs carrying the spherical caps. Another fastener is described in DE202007016945U1. Since it includes multiple parts, the fastener is cumbersome to produce and install. Axial tolerances between two oppositely mounted components are compensated by screw connections. At the same time, a lateral displacement of at least the connecting bolt centrally arranged therethrough can be achieved. Thus, the axial and lateral tolerances between the two parts to be connected can be reduced at the same time.

Utility model content

The object of the invention is to improve the secure connection of the first part to the second part, making it easier, faster and therefore more economical for the assembly of the parts overall.

The above-mentioned goals are achieved by quick fasteners. Preferred embodiments and improvements of the application result from the following description, drawings and appended claims.

The quick fastener of the present application includes a retainer having a spring seat and a cap axially movable relative to the spring seat. A spring element is arranged between the spring seat and the cap, which presses the spring seat and cap apart, whereby tightening the screw moves the cap axially relative to the spring seat and thereby tensions the spring element. Further, tightening the screw drives the bolt. The spring element is therefore in particular a compression spring, the spring force of which acts simultaneously on the cap and on the spring seat in the compressed state. A pair of anti-loss structures are provided between the holder and the screw, whereby they cannot be separated from each other.

The reverse thread and the spring element of the quick fastener of the application are adapted to each other in order to fasten the first part and the second part, especially for vehicle parts, with no more than one turn of the screw. This can be achieved by adapting the thread to the required spring force, so that the screw is positioned stably in its end position despite the spring force during screw tightening. Further, it is advantageous to have a thread in the opposite direction to a thread with a larger pitch, as this facilitates a greater distance or travel per revolution while maintaining the self-locking effect of the thread. Thus, the skilled person can preferably use one handle to fasten the first part to the second part, ie at most about 360° with one turn of the screw. Complicated and time-consuming readjustment procedures can thus be omitted. The advantage of this is that the technician will spend less time installing each element. Further, the spring element can compensate axial tolerances when the spring element fixes the bolt to the holder in the axial direction. This reduces installation time significantly.

The spring element may be any shape of elastic element capable of exerting pressure on the cap and spring seat to separate them from each other. It is advantageous to provide at least one S-shaped spring as spring element. Likewise, the spring element can be formed from several parts. Thus, a plurality of S-shaped springs, for example two, separated by a disc form the spring element. The advantage of S-shaped springs is that they can generate high spring forces in a relatively compact construction and thus within a small spring range.

According to the application, the screw includes a manual drive mechanism. For example, this could be one or more side wings that provide the ideal engagement location for the technician. It is also advantageous if the screw is a hollow screw or nut, wherein the first thread of the screw acts as an external thread and the second thread of the screw acts as an internal thread, the second thread being in the opposite direction to the first thread. Thus, a compact screw with small dimensions is obtained.

In another embodiment, one end of the bolt is permanently attached to the part. In particular, soldered connections are advantageous. Thus, a permanent and reliable connection is created between the bolt and the component, which connection also allows the component to be securely attached to the vehicle component.

Conveniently, the spring seat comprises at least one fixing element for fastening to a vehicle part, preferably four fixing elements. Thus, at least one fixing element may be in the form of a protrusion. This has the advantage that the spring seat is fixed axially on the vehicle part and thus can compensate for forces, in particular the spring force of the spring element.

The other fixing element can be a radially extending nose, in particular which has the shape of a snap nose. This has the advantage that the spring seat is fixed in a non-rotatable manner. Therefore, the holder cannot rotate with the rotation of the screw.

It is advantageous if the spring seat comprises at least one guide for the cap to prevent rotation of the cap relative to the spring seat. The guide may, for example, be in the shape of a groove, or of the type of a rail, wherein the cap comprises a corresponding web or land or the like running in the groove or rail. Thus, the cap does not rotate under the torque of the screw, nor does the technician have to hold the cap. Assembling is thereby facilitated.

Conveniently, the retainer includes at least one mechanical stop limiting the maximum axial movement of the cap relative to the spring seat. This has the advantage that the cap is movable relative to the spring seat but cannot be released from the spring seat. Thus, the spring seat may comprise, for example, an at least partly circumferential lip, wherein the cap comprises a tip or the like adjoining the lip.

In the present application, the above-mentioned loss preventing structure is provided between the retainer and the screw. This loss prevention structure ensures transport protection of the quick fastener so that the screw of the quick fastener cannot be accidentally released from the holder during transport.

According to a preferred embodiment of the quick fastener of the present application, a rotation protection is provided between the external thread of the hollow screw and the thread of the holder, which represents the loss prevention arrangement of the preferred embodiment. This anti-loss arrangement avoids accidental loosening of the external thread from the thread of the holder. Here, the external thread of the hollow screw is preferably formed by a helical groove on the radially outer side of the hollow screw. The thread of the holder is preferably formed by two thread strips which are arranged low relative to each other. When the thread of the holder and the external thread of the hollow screw engage with each other, the thread strips arranged opposite to each other move in the helical groove of the external thread of the hollow screw.

According to a preferred embodiment of the application, at least one radial projection is provided in the helical groove of the external thread, by which projection at least one thread run of the thread can be blocked. Herein, a preferred embodiment is that the radial projection is arranged along the threading direction of the external thread of the hollow screw, and has a ramp to facilitate the connection between the hollow screw and the holder. In the unscrewing direction of the external thread of the hollow screw, the radial protrusion includes an end surface, which prevents the holder from rotating relative to the hollow screw. In one embodiment, the obstructing end face consists of a surface which is arranged almost radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the hollow screw.

Further, the present application contemplates a method for releasably fastening a first component, especially a tail light or rear light, to a second component using the quick fastener of the present application. The method of the present application is characterized, for example, by fastening the holder to the vehicle part by inserting the holder into an opening of the vehicle part and then rotating to produce a positive lock between the fixing element and the vehicle part. This has the advantage that the holder is easily fastened to the vehicle part. As a result, installation times can be significantly reduced.

Then, screws are screwed into the holder, and bolts are driven into the holder. As soon as the respective threads of the screw and the bolt are in contact with each other, the bolt is moved in rotation in the axial direction relative to the spring seat or the screw is turned by at most one revolution. Simultaneously, the cap is driven in the axial direction opposite to the spring seat and resists the elastic force generated by the spring element. Thus, the spring element is tensioned, whereby the bolt is fixed in the holder in the axial direction by the spring force. This has the advantage that, due to the spring force, an ideal play-free positioning between the component and the vehicle part is ensured and tolerance-induced readjustments in the axial direction are omitted. To prevent loosening between the holder and the screw when assembling the first part and the second part, loss prevention arrangements are respectively provided.

In order to further reduce the assembly time, it is possible to screw the screw in front of the holder, then fasten the holder to the vehicle part, and combine the holder with the screw to form an assembly group. Thus, both components can be fastened to the vehicle part in one operation step by a technician who can then add components. This saves assembly time since the technician does not need to screw the screw into the holder first.

Description of drawings

In the following, the application is explained in detail using the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. which schematically shows:

Fig. 1 is (A-A) sectional view of fastening device according to the present application, and this fastening device has the bolt that introduces and the screw that has not tightened yet;

Fig. 2 is the (B-B) sectional view after the fastening device of Fig. 1 is rotated 90°;

Figure 3 is the fastening device shown in Figure 1 with screws tightened;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the fastening device of the present application;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the fastening device of the present application;

6 is a top view of a recess provided in a vehicle part for fastening the fastening device of the present application;

Figure 7 is an exploded schematic view of the fastening device of the present application;

Figure 7A is an enlarged view of the detail of the cross-sectional side view of Figure 7; and

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the fastening device of the present application.

label list

1: quick fastener

2: Vehicle body

3: Holder

4: Bolt

5: spring seat

6: cap

7: Spring element

8: hollow screw

9 External thread of hollow screw

9S: Raised

9N groove

9F. Thread surface

10: Internal thread of hollow screw

11: Internal thread of the cap

12: Bolt thread

13: Upper S-shaped spring

14: Lower S-shaped spring

15: Disc

16: Flank

17: Guide piece

18: web

19: Mechanical stop for spring seat

20: stop end

21: Free end of bolt

22: opening

23: bite end

24: Raised

25: recessed

Bl: the width of the recess

Width of B2 bite end

B3: Raised width

R: Screw in direction

F: spring force

LI: The maximum radial length of the fastener device

L2: The maximum radial length of the opening

L3: Diameter of the opening

Detailed ways

Figures 1 to 8 show an embodiment of a quick fastener 1 of the present application for releasably fastening an indefinite first component to a second component, preferably a vehicle, by means of a holder 3 and a bolt 4 Part, in this case the second part is the vehicle body 2 . As shown in detail in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the holder 3 is composed of a spring seat 5 , a cap 6 movable relative to the spring seat 5 in the axial direction, and a spring element 7 arranged between the spring seat 5 and the cap 6 .

Further, the quick fastener 1 includes a hollow screw 8 having an external thread 9 and an internal thread 10 opposite to the external thread 9 . Referring to Figure 3, the external thread 9 engages the internal thread 11 of the cap 6 if the hollow screw 8 is tightened. Further, the internal thread 10 of the hollow screw 8 engages with the thread 12 of the bolt 4 . Comparing Fig. 1 with Fig. 3, it can be seen that tightening the hollow screw 8 can drive the bolt 4 to move in the axial direction relative to the spring seat 5, and the cap 6 can move axially opposite to the moving direction of the bolt 4, thereby The resulting tensioning, in particular compression, of the spring element 7 .

In the illustrated embodiment, the spring element 7 consists of an upper S-shaped spring 13 , a lower S-shaped spring 14 and a disc 15 arranged therebetween (see also FIG. 7 ). By tightening the hollow screw 8 and tensioning the spring element 7, the resulting spring force F will press the spring seat 5 and cap 6 apart. For tightening the hollow screw 8 by hand without the use of tools, it comprises two flanks 16 , which are shown in particular in FIGS. 2 , 7 and 8 . A general embodiment of two wings 16 is shown in FIG. 2 , while the remaining figures show a preferred embodiment of the wings 16 .

The outer diameter of the cap 6 of the quick fastener 1 is d. The outer diameter preferably has a size in the range of 28 to 40 mm, more preferably in the range of 30 to 35 mm. As shown in FIG. 2 , the wings 16 do not extend over the entire diameter of the cap 6 . In the axially central part of the cap 6, the flanks 16 are open-worked.

In order to facilitate the tightening of the hollow screw 8 with the flanks 16 by the technician, it is preferred that the flanks 16 extend radially beyond the outer diameter of the cap 6 . In this way, the point of action of the force applied by the technician to rotate the hollow screw 8 is displaced radially outwards, so that the technician can provide a greater torque with the flanks 16, wherein there is a larger moment arm for the rotation axis of the hollow screw 8 . Preferably, the flanks extend radially beyond the outer edge of the cap 6 and beyond a longitudinal portion of 10% to 25% of the diameter d of the cap 6 . According to a preferred embodiment of the application, the radial projection of the flanks 16 with respect to the outer diameter d of the cap 6 does not exceed a length of 5% of the diameter d of the cap 6 .

It is also preferred that the flanks 16 have a specific surface area to allow utilization by the skilled person. If the outer diameter d of the quick fastener 1 in the region of the cap 6 is in the range of 28 to 40 mm, and preferably in the range of 30 to 35 mm, the preferred area size of the flank 16 is 70 mm ² ≤ A ≤ 120 mm ² and further is 80mm ² ≤A≤100mm ² .

The intersection in Figures 1 and 3 shows that, along the central intersection line A-A (see Figure 4), rotation of the cap 6 relative to the spring seat 5 is prevented during the tightening of the hollow screw 8, since the spring seat 5 comprises two guides Parts 17, which are arranged oppositely on the outside of the spring seat 5, are here formed as guide rails.

The cap 6 comprises webs respectively corresponding to the guides 17 and running on the guides 17 .

Further, the spring seat 5 comprises a radial circumferential mechanical stop 19 which limits the maximum axial movement of the cap 6 relative to the spring seat 5 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the cap 6 includes four stop tips 20 arranged on the inner radial circumference of the cap 6 at quarter-circumferential distances. In the axial maximum position of the cap 6 , as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , this stop head abuts a mechanical stop 19 of the spring seat 5 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the quick fastener 1 is fastened to the vehicle body and the bolt 4 has been introduced into the holder 3 at a distance such that the first bend of the thread 12 of the bolt 4 is aligned with the interior of the hollow screw 8 . The first bend of the thread 10 contacts. In this case, however, the hollow thread 8 is not yet completely screwed on and the spring element 7 is not yet tensioned. Therefore, the parts (not shown) provided at the ends 21 of the bolts 4 are not yet finally fastened to the vehicle body 2 .

In contrast, FIG. 3 shows the quick fastener 1 with the hollow screw 8 fully tightened.

Thus, the cap 6 moves to the bottom relative to the spring seat 5 in the axial direction, while the spring element 7 is tensioned. Accordingly, the bolt 4 is moved in an axially opposite direction relative to the spring seat 5 , whereby a component (not shown) is fastened to the vehicle body 2 .

The spring element 7 generates a spring force F in the tensioned state and presses the spring seat 5 and the cap 6 respectively. Because the spring seat 5 is supported by the vehicle body 2 in the axial direction, the spring force F presses the cap 6 in the direction of the axial maximum position of the cap 6 as shown by the direction arrow of the spring force F. Due to the active connection between the hollow screw 8 and the cap 6 on one side, and the connection between the hollow screw 8 and the bolt 4 on the other side, the spring force F is transferred indirectly to the bolt 4 . The bolt 4 is thus held by the spring force F in the axial direction. Thus, shaft tolerances of the vehicle body 2 , for example produced during production, are compensated, since the component does not have to rest completely against the vehicle body to be fully fixed.

In order to prevent automatic loosening of the threads 9, 10, 11 and 12, e.g. caused by vibrations during vehicle use or the spring force generated by the spring element 7, in a preferred alternative the threads 9, 10, 11 and 12 are self-fixing threads . It is also preferred to use standard threads. The roughness of the thread surfaces of the threads 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 in combination with the force of the spring element 7 produces sufficient blocking friction. It is also contemplated herein that alternatively, or in addition, glue may be used to secure the screws or that at least two threads are self-cutting threads.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 the holder has been fastened into the opening 22 of the vehicle body 2 (see also FIG. 6 ). The spring seat 5 comprises a total of four fastening elements 23 , 24 , all for the fastening device 1 , two of which protrude radially outwards, and the oppositely arranged snap-in ends as described in FIGS. 1 and 3 . FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view rotated through 90° along the central intersection line B-B of FIG. 1 (see FIG. 4 ), showing two additional fixing elements 24 , ie, oppositely disposed protrusions 24 .

Under the assembled condition of the retainer 3 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the elastic snapping end 23 engages the two radially outwardly extending and oppositely disposed recesses of the opening 22 of the vehicle body 2 shown in FIG. 6 in a positive locking manner. Into 25, thereby making the rotation of the quick fastener 1 relative to the vehicle body 2 fixed. Thus, the snap-in head 23 defines a maximum length L1 of the quick fastener 1 in the radial direction. Further, the oppositely disposed recesses 25 of the opening 22 define a maximum radial length L2 of the opening 22, wherein the length L2 is greater than the length L1. The protrusion 24 surrounds the vehicle body 2 thus securing the axial position of the quick fastener 1 . The diameter L3 of the circular portion of the opening 22 (see FIG. 6 ) corresponds to the protrusion 24 so that a positive locking connection can be created between the protrusion 24 and the vehicle body 2 .

Fastening of the holder 3 to the vehicle body 2 is achieved by introducing the holder 3 into an opening 22 of the vehicle body 2 , as shown in FIG. 6 . For this purpose, the holder 3 is introduced into the opening 22 , whereby the projection 24 extends through the recess 25 , and thus is accordingly arranged in the direction of the free end 21 of the bolt 4 after being arranged on the vehicle body 2 . Therefore, the engaging end 23 is supported by the other side of the vehicle body 2 and is slightly bent in the direction of the hollow screw 8 . By rotating the holder 3 , the protrusion 24 surrounds the vehicle body 2 and the snap-in head 23 snaps into the recess 25 of the opening 22 . In order to ensure easy and fast fastening it is advantageous if the width B1 of the recess is set slightly greater than the width B2 of the snap-in tip or the width B3 of the protrusion.

As shown in particular in FIG. 5 , the fixing elements 23 , 24 in this embodiment are arranged at a quarter-circle distance so that a 90° rotation of the holder 3 is necessary for its fastening to the vehicle body 2 .

Figures 7 and 8 show individual perspective views of the components and a perspective view of the fully equipped quick fastener 1 in exploded view. To assemble the quick fastener 1 , the spring element 7 is first arranged between the spring seat 5 and the cap 6 , thereby forming the holder 3 . Preferably, the spring seat 5 , the cap 6 and the spring element 7 are designed corresponding to one another, wherein the cap 6 is held in its maximum axial position by the spring element 7 which is not yet tensioned.

Then, as already described, the holder 3 is fastened on the vehicle body 2 and the hollow screw 8 is completely screwed into the holder 3 . It is also conceivable that the hollow screw 8 is already screwed into the holder 3 when it is fastened to the vehicle body 2 . Thus, the holder 3 and the hollow screw 8 form an easy-to-install assembly group.

In order to use the holder and the hollow screw 8 as a connected assembly group, it is preferable to provide a loss prevention structure between the holder and the hollow screw 8 . This loss prevention structure enables rapid handling of the quick fastener 1 when initially assembling the quick fastener 1 from the individual part holder 3 and the hollow screw 8 .

The anti-loss structure between the holder 3 and the hollow screw 8 ensures that the holder 3 and the hollow screw 8 cannot accidentally disengage from each other. Thus, the loss prevention device is resistant to vibrations, mechanical shocks and gas-mechanical loads, which occur, for example, during transport of the quick fastener.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 7 , the internal thread 11 of the cap 6 is composed of at least two oppositely arranged thread strips. Only one threaded strip is shown in Figure 7. This thread strip extends radially inside the cap 6 with a certain length. It can be seen that the thread strip is not arranged to run circumferentially, as this is the case with known threads. The threaded strip preferably extends with a rotation angle of 10° to 70°, preferably in the range of 10° to 50°, and more preferably 20° to 40°.

At least two thread strips have a pitch corresponding to the thread 9 of the hollow screw 8 . If the hollow screw 8 is screwed into the cap 6 , this thread strip engages into the helical circumferential groove 9N of the thread 9 . In this helical groove 9N, a radial protrusion 9S is arranged, which prevents the hollow screw 8 and the cap 6 from loosening from each other with a torque of a threshold value that can be overcome.

The protrusion 9S is provided at the bottom of the circumferential groove 9N. FIG. 7A is an enlarged view of a cross-sectional side view of the enclosed portion of FIG. 7 . The height of the protrusion 9S is preferably lower than the depth of the groove 9N, or equal to the height of the side of the threaded surface 9F. Further preferably, the protrusion 9S is arranged to include a slope surface along the direction R of the hollow screw 8 screwed into the cap 6 . This ramp supports the screwing of the hollow screw 8 into the cap 6 . In the opposite direction, the protrusion 9S comprises a blocking surface which is preferably arranged at an angle of 70° to 130°, further preferably in the range of 80° to 120°, relative to the bottom of the groove 9N.

During screwing the hollow screw 8 into the cap 6 along the screwing direction R, the internal thread 11 slides over the protrusion 9S and engages behind the protrusion 9S. If the hollow screw 8 is rotated against the screwing direction R, it is stopped by the internal thread 11 at the projection 9S. Only when there is a threshold or looseness between the hollow screw 8 and the cap 6, the threaded strip goes over the protrusion 9S without damage. It is also preferable to provide a ramp surface and a blocking surface at the end of at least one internal thread 11, wherein the protrusion 9S is formed cylindrically and protrudes radially. Despite the change in shape, the functionality described above is maintained.

After fastening the assembly group to the vehicle body 2 , the bolt 4 is introduced into the holder 3 and driven by tightening the hollow screw 8 . For this, the bolt 4 is moved axially relative to the spring seat 5 .

By tightening the hollow screw 8, the cap 6 is tensioned axially relative to the spring seat 5, but moved in the opposite direction, the spring element 7 is tensioned.

Preferably, the threads 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 and the spring element 7 are selected relative to each other such that no more than one rotation (360°) of the hollow screw 8 is necessary for a stable fastening of the assembly to the vehicle body 2 . The maximum design height of the holder 3 with the screwed-in hollow screw 8 is about 29.95 mm, whereby a complete stroke of about 9 mm can be achieved by rotating the hollow screw 8 through 300°.

Claims (8)

1. the quick-acting fastening (1) utilizing retaining piece (3), bolt (4) and screw (8) first component to be fastened to releasedly second component, described screw (8) is initiatively connected with described retaining piece (3) and bolt (4)

Described retaining piece (3) can be fastened on second component, and described bolt can be fastened on first component, described screw (8) comprises the first screw thread (9) and second screw thread (10) oppositely contrary with described first screw thread, first screw thread (9) of described screw (8) acts on the screw thread (11) of retaining piece (3), and second screw thread (10) of screw (8) acts on the screw thread (12) of bolt (4), the cap (6) that described retaining piece (3) comprises spring seat (5) and can move axially relative to spring seat (5), spring element (7) is arranged between spring seat (5) and cap (6), rotary screw (8) can make bolt (4) axial displacement thus, and cap (6) carries out moving with tension spring element (7), the structure that avoids damage is provided with between described retaining piece (3) and screw (8).

2. quick-acting fastening according to claim 1 (1), is characterized in that, described spring element (7) is at least one S shape spring.

3. quick-acting fastening according to claim 1 and 2 (1), it is characterized in that, described screw (8) is hollow screw, first screw thread (9) of wherein said screw (8) is outside thread, and the screw thread (10) of described screw (8) is internal thread.

4. quick-acting fastening according to claim 1 and 2 (1), is characterized in that, the spring seat (5) for fastening vehicle part comprises at least one fixed element.

5. quick-acting fastening according to claim 4 (1); it is characterized in that; described at least one fixed element (23) formed radially extend for the protection of the termination preventing rotational position, and at least one fixed element (24) forms the projection for the protection of axial position.

6. quick-acting fastening according to claim 1 and 2 (1), it is characterized in that, described spring seat (5) comprises at least one guide (17), and described guide (17) stops described cap (6) to rotate relative to spring seat (5).

7. quick-acting fastening according to claim 3 (1); it is characterized in that; be provided with rotation operator guards between the outside thread (9) of described hollow screw (8) and the screw thread (11) of retaining piece (3), prevent outside thread (9) accidental release from screw thread (11) by described rotation operator guards.

8. quick-acting fastening according to claim 7 (1), it is characterized in that, be provided with at least one radial protrusion in the spiral groove of described outside thread (9), at least one screw thread bar of described screw thread (11) can be stopped by described radial protrusion.