CN204679185U - Based on the intelligent telemetering calorimeter of the temperature difference and impeller complemental power-generation technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of intelligent telemetering calorimeter based on the temperature difference and impeller complemental power-generation technology, be made up of electric power system, intelligent control system, metering system for heat and communication system, described calorimeter is connected to electric power system, intelligent control system and communication system, described electric power system comprises rechargeable battery, temperature difference electricity generation device and duct-type hydraulic generator, and described temperature difference electricity generation device and duct-type hydraulic generator are installed on the pipeline of heating system; Described intelligent control system has heating mode and memory module change-over switch.The utility model is in existing heating system and metering system basis, the thermoelectric generation of heating system working medium and environment temperature and fluids within pipes are driven wheel blade rotating drive electrical power generators technology is parallel to be used, and adding wireless remote function, its low cost and energy conservation characteristic cater to Times ' Demand.

Description

Intelligent remote heat meter based on temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology

technical field

The invention relates to an instrument for measuring the heat transferred by a flowing medium in a heating system, in particular to an intelligent remote heat transfer heat meter based on the complementary power generation technology of temperature difference and impeller.

Background technique

The household heat meter is mainly used to measure the central heating of the household heat meter heat network. It is a combination of measuring the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet and measuring the flow rate of the medium, so as to measure the consumed heat and use it as charging data.

Traditional heat meters usually use a built-in battery for power supply. Although the cost is low, the battery is fragile and requires maintenance. Because the power supply is not enough to support remote communication, people need to come to the door to read the meter, which makes management inconvenient. However, heat metering devices with wireless devices often require an external power supply or external signal lines. The design and construction process are complicated, the cost is high, failures are prone to occur, and energy consumption is greatly increased.

In terms of intelligent control, most general-purpose heat meters only have simple heat measurement functions and data storage functions, and there is no complex intelligent control system. However, with the development of the automation machinery industry, the combination of measuring instruments and automatic control systems can greatly improve the performance and economic benefits of products.

In terms of communication methods, as mentioned above, due to the high energy consumption of remote transmission, heat meters with remote transmission function often require an external power supply, and this type of heat meter has not yet been widely implemented. Therefore, traditional heat meters still use manual meter reading as the mainstream of communication. Most heat meters have mature heating systems in northern cities, but due to the wide distribution of users in northern cities, manual meter reading is very labor-intensive.

After searching, the Chinese patent document CN202748176U discloses a thermoelectric heat meter, including a calculator, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, and a thermoelectric assembly, and the thermoelectric assembly, the temperature sensor, and the flow sensor are respectively connected to the calculator through wires. The thermoelectric assembly consists of a thermoelectric power generation module group and a radiator. The thermoelectric power generation module group is composed of a plurality of semiconductor thermoelectric power generation modules in series, and is connected with a voltage output interface for outputting the total electric energy of thermoelectric power generation. One side of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module group is in contact with the heat source pipe, and the other side is in contact with the fin radiator in the indoor environment, so that a temperature difference is generated on both sides of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation module group. The thermal energy of the heat source is converted into electrical energy to meet the power consumption requirements of the calculator for measurement, calculation, display and storage. This solution relies solely on temperature difference power generation to obtain limited power, and cannot supply power when the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipeline is insufficient, and cannot realize the remote meter reading function.

Chinese patent document CN102650555A is a heating pipe network calorimeter based on thermoelectric and turbine power generation, which is composed of thermoelectric elements, turbine power generation elements, power management modules, microprocessors, memory and communication chips; the calorimeter has two energy sources, one The thermoelectric element uses the temperature difference between the supply and return water to generate electric energy; the second is to use the hot water to drive the rotor to generate electric energy through the turbine power generation element; the electric energy management module regulates and stores the two-way electric energy; the calorimeter collects two-way signals, and one signal passes through the thermoelectric element The temperature difference of the supply and return water is collected, and the other signal is collected by the turbine power generation element to collect the flow of the supply and return water; the two signals calculate the heat value through the microprocessor, store it in the memory, and transmit it by the communication chip. On the one hand, the present invention uses thermoelectric and turbine power generation elements to collect temperature difference and flow information of supply and return water to calculate heat, and on the other hand, converts hot water heat energy and kinetic energy to generate electric energy to drive the system to operate. The calorimeter completely abandons the existing calorimeter structure and needs to be redesigned. Compared with the existing ultrasonic calorimeter, the measurement accuracy is obviously insufficient. Moreover, the power supply of the system is lost during the non-heating season, and it needs to be re-initialized when it is used again, and no specific design has been made for the thermoelectric power generation part. It can be seen that designing an intelligent remote heat meter that adapts to the installed heat meter and has a seasonal switching function has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent remote heat meter based on the complementary power generation technology of temperature difference and impeller.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the intelligent remote heat meter based on the technology of temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation provided by the present invention includes a heat meter installed in the heating system, and the heat meter is connected to the power supply system, the intelligent control system and Communication system, the power supply system includes a rechargeable battery, a thermoelectric power generation device and a pipe-type hydroelectric generator, and the thermoelectric power generation device and the pipe-type hydroelectric generator are installed on the pipeline of the heating system; the intelligent control system has a heating mode and storage Mode toggle switch.

Preferably, in order to realize remote automatic meter reading, the communication system is a wireless communication system with a wireless serial port and a GPRS transmitting module.

Preferably, in order to improve the efficiency of thermoelectric power generation, the thermoelectric power generation device includes a heat conduction block as a hot end, a heat pipe cooling fin as a cold end, and a thermoelectric power generation sheet sandwiched between the working planes of the hot end and the cold end; the heat conduction The block is attached to the outer wall of the heating system pipe.

In order to improve the heat conduction rate, the thermoelectric power generation sheets are four pieces arranged in a matrix, and a thermal conductive silica gel layer is coated between the thermoelectric power generation sheets and the working plane.

Preferably, in order to give full play to the performance of the heat sink, so that there is a sufficient heat difference between the two sides of the thermoelectric power generation, the heat conduction block is a copper heat conduction block, and the copper heat conduction block has an arc shape that is close to the outer wall of the heating system pipe part, the copper heat conduction block and other surfaces except the working plane and the apartment part are wrapped with a heat insulating shell, and a copper heat sink is also provided between the heat pipe heat sink and the thermoelectric power generation sheet, and the heat pipe heat sink The other surfaces except the working plane are wrapped with copper mesh. The heat pipe cooling fin has cooling fins and a closed U-shaped heat pipe, the U-shaped heat pipe is filled with a heat-conducting medium, and the U-shaped heat pipe includes a vertical heat dissipation portion and a horizontal heat collection portion, and the heat dissipation fin A heat dissipation part is provided in the middle; the heat collecting part is close to the back of the working plane and arranged in the same direction as the heating pipe.

Preferably, the power supply system further includes a boost circuit and a charging and discharging circuit.

Preferably, the heat meter is an ultrasonic heat meter.

The present invention also proposes the working method of the above-mentioned intelligent remote heat meter based on the complementary power generation technology of temperature difference and impeller:

During the heating season, the heating medium flowing in the pipeline is powered by the temperature difference and the impeller complementary power generation system, and the mode switching switch of the intelligent control system is switched to the power supply mode;

In the non-heating season, when there is no flowing heating medium in the pipeline, when the intelligent control system reads that the statistical flow data no longer changes, it will switch to the power-down storage mode, relying on the battery to store electric energy to maintain the relevant power of the device at the end of heating. parameter record;

The communication system transmits heat accumulation data and time information at close range through the wireless serial port, and encrypts the information and sends it to the data collection software of the remote terminal.

Invention principle: The present invention is based on the existing heating system and metering system, and uses the temperature difference power generation technology between the heating system working fluid and the ambient temperature and the fluid in the pipeline to drive the blades to rotate and drive the generator to generate electricity in parallel to form a heat metering system. And communication system to provide long-term stable power supply. The direct current generated by the temperature difference and the mechanical power generation of the blades is charged to the lithium-ion battery through the boosting and stabilizing circuit and then through the charging circuit. The lithium-ion battery is discharged to supply the heat metering system and the communication system. The process is controlled by an intelligent charging and discharging chip. The device does not need a power cord, and collects the dissipated heat energy and fluid kinetic energy of the original heat meter installation position to provide long-term and stable power supply for the heat meter. The intelligent control system can switch the working mode. During the heating season, select the power supply mode. During the non-heating season, switch to storage mode. The communication system uses the GPRS transmission module to realize the long-distance transmission function, and also has the wireless bluetooth serial port module to realize the near-distance real-time transmission function.

Beneficial effect:

1. Compared with the traditional heat meter that needs a built-in battery or an external power supply, the present invention changes it to recover the heat lost on the surface of the heating pipe of the heat meter and fully utilize the mechanical energy of the fluid flow in the pipe to supply power for the heat metering system and the communication system, realizing "One time installation, lifetime power supply". It reduces heat energy waste and does not require other power sources, which fully embodies the idea of energy saving and has considerable economic and environmental benefits.

2. In order to reduce unnecessary energy loss in the non-heating season, the present invention also adds an intelligent control system to the traditional heat meter system. In the heating season, select the power supply mode, use the charging and discharging circuit to control heat statistics, remote communication and other functions through the 51 single-chip computer; parameters (communication address, etc.). The designed heat meter can intelligently switch between working mode and sleep mode according to the season, further realizing energy saving.

3. In the process of installation and upgrading, the present invention does not need to destroy the structure of the existing heating system and metering system, and does not need to connect external power supply and signal lines. The process is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

In addition to the above-mentioned technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the advantages brought by the technical features of these technical solutions, the intelligent remote heat meter based on the temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology of the present invention is Other technical problems that can be solved, other technical features contained in the technical solution, and the advantages brought by these technical features will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the thermoelectric power generation part in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the architecture diagram of the intelligent control system in Fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the communication system in FIG. 1 .

In the figure: thermoelectric power generation part 1-1, impeller power generation part 1-2, charge and discharge module 1-3-1, lithium-ion battery 1-3-2, boost voltage regulator module 1-3-3, intelligent control system 2 , temperature sensor 3-1, display screen 3-2, communication system 4, heating system pipe 1-1-1, copper heat conduction block 1-1-2, thermoelectric power generation sheet 1-1-3, copper cooling plate 1-1 -4, thermal grease 1-1-5, cooling fins 1-1-6.

Detailed ways

Example:

As shown in Figure 1, the intelligent remote heat meter based on the temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology in this embodiment includes four parts: power supply system, intelligent control system, heat measurement system and communication system. The power supply system mainly includes temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation system, and the heat metering system mainly includes temperature and flow rate sensors. the

As shown in Fig. 2, the power supply system of this embodiment is composed of a thermoelectric power generation part 1-1, an impeller power generation part 1-2 and a voltage stabilizing part. The voltage stabilizing part includes a charging and discharging module 1-3-1, a lithium ion battery 1-3-2 and a voltage boosting and stabilizing module 1-3-3. The impeller power generation part 1-2 adopts HY-368 tubular micro-flow generator, which converts the kinetic energy of the working medium flowing in the heating pipeline into electric energy through electromagnetic induction.

The current generated by the complementary power generation of the temperature difference and the impeller is supplied to the lithium-ion battery 1-3-2 through the charging and discharging module 1-3-1. Through the voltage stabilizing effect of the lithium-ion battery 1-3-2 and the boosting effect of the voltage boosting and stabilizing module 1-3-3, the single-chip microcomputer in the intelligent control system 2 can work normally under the power supply system. Affected by the temperature and flow rate of the heating medium, when the power generation is greater than the power consumption, the remaining power generation of the temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation system is stored by the lithium-ion battery; when the power generation is less than the power consumption, the lithium-ion battery will be used to assist powered by.

In the heat metering system of this embodiment, the temperature sensor 3-1 collects the return water temperature data, uses the original heat metering method and displays the heat data on the display screen 3-2. The wireless serial port and the GPRS transmitting module in the communication system 4 transmit data to the terminal.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the thermoelectric power generation part of the power supply system in this embodiment is realized by semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology. The hot end receives the heat dissipated from the heating system pipe 1-1-1, and the cold end is connected to the external environment. The thermoelectric power generation device can be directly installed in the heat meter where it is in contact with the pipeline, and the average outer diameter of the pipeline is 25mm. Firstly, heat pipes and copper heat conduction blocks 1-1-2 are used to efficiently collect heat outside the pipe 1-1-1. Two U-shaped heat pipes of the same specification are 200mm long, with an average outer diameter of 4mm and a bending radius of 15mm. They are arranged in parallel Heating pipe surfaces. One side of the copper heat conduction block 1-1-2 fits with the outer surface of the pipe, and the other side is a flat rectangle of 85×85. The minimum vertical distance between the flat end and the outer surface of the pipe is 2mm, and the maximum vertical distance is 15mm, and it is in contact with the hot ends of four SP1848-27145SA thermoelectric chips 1-1-3 arranged in a rectangular shape. The size of each thermoelectric power generation sheet is 40×40×3.4, and its cold end is in contact with the 90×90×2 rectangular copper cooling plate 1-1-4 to export the waste heat after power generation. In order to reduce the thermal resistance in the heat transfer process, both sides of the four power generation sheets and the copper cooling plate are coated with thermal conductive silicone grease 1-1-5. The other side of the copper cooling plate 1-1-4 receiving the waste heat is connected to the cooling fins 1-1-6. Four U-shaped copper heat pipes with a length of 300mm, an outer diameter of 6mm and a bending radius of 10mm are added inside the heat dissipation fins 1-1-6, and the heat on the heat dissipation copper plate is collected in the heat dissipation fin by using the heat conduction principle of the heat pipe. The size of the base of cooling fins 1-1-6 is 80×35×7, and multiple cooling fins (fins) arranged at intervals are used to increase the surface area and enhance the cooling effect. The size of the fins is 85×85×80. The other end of the heat dissipation fin 1-1-6 is fixed with four springs, which are supported by the shell to compress the three parts of the heat conduction copper block 1-1-2, the power generation sheet 1-1-3, and the heat dissipation copper plate 1-1-4. to improve heat transfer efficiency.

In order to ensure the high efficiency of heat transfer in the whole thermoelectric power generation process and avoid the occurrence of thermal short circuit, the lower part of the whole thermoelectric power generation part 1-1 is covered with a plastic shell, and the inside of the shell is fully filled with heat insulating material to realize heat insulation treatment in the heat transfer process. At the same time, the upper part of the thermoelectric power generation module is wrapped with copper mesh to enhance the heat dissipation of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet.

In practice, the temperature of the heating medium fluctuates, and the external temperature of the pipeline changes accordingly. Using the above thermoelectric power generation device, the open circuit voltage of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation sheet is measured under different external temperature conditions, and the voltage data under different temperature gradients (the difference between the external temperature of the pipe and the room temperature) are obtained. The obtained data are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 The open circuit voltage data table of the power generation chip under different temperature gradients

Experiments show that when the temperature difference is greater than 30°C, the thermoelectric power generation device can simultaneously support functions such as heat measurement and wireless communication, and the device starts to work.

Since the water temperature of heating boilers in the five northwestern provinces is generally in the range of 60 to 80°C in winter, the basic heating room temperature in the north is 18°C. Therefore, in the experiment, the temperature difference between the external temperature of the pipeline and the room temperature is selected as 50°C, and the voltage, current and power of a single power generation piece, four series power generation pieces and four two-by-two series and then parallel power generation pieces can be measured respectively (when the power generation pieces are measured The load used is 32.5Ω), and the voltage, current and power of each device in the device when four generators are connected in series, as shown in Table 2.

It can be known from experiments that four power generation sheets connected in series is the optimal solution.

Table 2 Voltage, current and power data table of each device under the condition of temperature difference of 50°C

As shown in Figure 4, the intelligent control system uses a single-chip microcomputer, which can intelligently switch between two working modes according to the traffic:

Due to the seasonality of heating, heat measurement and data communication are not required in non-heating seasons. Therefore, consider adding a lower-capacity battery (lithium battery) to the system for data retention in non-heating seasons. Once heating, the system can automatically switch to the working mode and start thermoelectric power generation, heat measurement and wireless communication.

(1) Power supply mode

During the heating season, there is a flowing heating medium in the pipeline, and the temperature difference and the complementary power generation system of the impeller can be used to power the entire device.

Experiments have shown that when the temperature difference is greater than 30°C, the electric energy obtained by the temperature difference and the complementary power generation of the impeller is sufficient to bear the energy consumption of the system (mainly the heat metering system and communication system), otherwise the device needs lithium-ion battery auxiliary power supply. However, if the lithium-ion battery is overcharged, over-discharged, or over-currented during charging or discharging, it will cause damage to the battery or reduce the service life of the battery. Each parameter of the process is accurately controlled.

(2) Storage mode

In the non-heating season, there is no flowing heating medium in the pipeline, and the energy supply stops.

When the single-chip microcomputer reads that the statistical flow data no longer changes, it will automatically enter the power-down storage mode. At this time, the entire device is in the lowest power consumption state (mW level). Only rely on the lithium-ion battery to store electric energy to maintain the relevant parameter records of the device at the end of heating.

The heat metering system follows the original heat metering method of the heat meter.

As shown in Figure 5, the communication system includes the following modules:

(1) Data transmission:

The communication system uses the Bluetooth wireless module HC-06, which can transmit heat accumulation data, time and other information at short distances through the wireless serial port. It also has a GTM900 communication module, which can encrypt the data and then send it to the terminal's data collection software to realize the remote transmission function under the condition of GPRS signal.

(2) Terminal data collection and processing:

The upper computer software is written by LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual instrument Engineering), which is a graphical programming language. The function library of LabVIEW includes data acquisition, GPIB, serial port control, data analysis, data display and data storage, etc., and a standard data acquisition and instrument control software can be written visually.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, within the scope of the principles and technical ideas of the present invention, various changes, modifications, replacements and deformations to these implementations still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An intelligent remote heat meter based on temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology, including a heat meter installed in a heating system, characterized in that: the heat meter is connected to a power supply system, an intelligent control system and a communication system, and the The power supply system includes a rechargeable battery, a thermoelectric power generation device and a pipe-type hydroelectric generator, which are installed on the pipeline of the heating system; the intelligent control system has a heating mode and a storage mode switching switch. 2. The intelligent remote heat meter based on temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the communication system is a wireless communication system with a wireless serial port and a GPRS transmitting module. 3. The intelligent remote heat meter based on temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermoelectric power generation device includes a heat conduction block as a hot end, a heat pipe cooling fin as a cold end, and sandwiched between The thermoelectric power generation sheet between the working planes of the hot end and the cold end; the heat conduction block is attached to the outer wall of the heating system pipe. 4. The intelligent remote heat meter based on the technology of temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the thermoelectric power generation sheets are four pieces arranged in a matrix, and the thermoelectric power generation sheets are connected to the working plane A layer of thermally conductive silicone is coated between them. 5. The intelligent remote heat transfer heat meter based on temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heat conduction block is a copper heat conduction block, and the copper heat conduction block has an arc close to the outer wall of the heating system pipe. Shaped part, the copper heat conduction block and other surfaces except the working plane and the apartment part are wrapped with a heat insulating shell, and a copper heat sink is also provided between the heat pipe heat sink and the thermoelectric power generation sheet, and the heat pipe dissipates heat The sheet is wrapped with copper mesh except for the other surfaces of the working plane; the heat pipe cooling fin has cooling fins and a closed U-shaped heat pipe, the U-shaped heat pipe is filled with a heat-conducting medium, and the U-shaped heat pipe includes a vertical heat dissipation part and a horizontal heat collecting part, the heat dissipation part is pierced through the heat dissipation fins; the heat collecting part is close to the back of the working plane and arranged in the same direction as the heat supply pipe. 6. The intelligent remote heat meter based on the technology of temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply system also includes a boost circuit and a charging and discharging circuit. 7. The intelligent remote heat meter based on the technology of temperature difference and impeller complementary power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat meter is an ultrasonic heat meter.