CN204662544U - A kind of fluid electric mixed dynamic system of loader - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil-hydraulic-electric hybrid power system of a loader, which is composed of an engine, a clutch, an integrated motor, a hydraulic pump, a one-way valve, a proportional overflow valve, a safety valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a proportional reversing Valves, boom hydraulic cylinders, accumulators, steering hydraulic cylinders, fuel tanks, power batteries, drive motors, gearboxes, transmission shafts, and drive axles. The electromagnetic reversing valve includes a first electromagnetic reversing valve, a second electromagnetic reversing valve, a third electromagnetic reversing valve, a fourth electromagnetic reversing valve, and a fifth electromagnetic reversing valve; the safety valve includes a first safety reversing valve. valve, the second safety valve; the drive axle includes a front drive axle and a rear drive axle. The utility model realizes the complete mechanical decoupling between the engine and the wheels, so that the engine can work in a high-efficiency range and reduce fuel consumption; the hydraulic accumulator is used to recover the potential energy of the boom, and the stored energy can be used to drive the steering mechanism. The energy utilization rate of the loader is improved.

Description

An oil-hydraulic-electric hybrid power system for a loader

technical field

The utility model relates to a power system of a hybrid loader, in particular to an oil-hydraulic-electric hybrid power system of the loader.

Background technique

In the cycle operation condition of the existing traditional loader, the engine often deviates from the high-efficiency zone, resulting in high fuel consumption of the whole machine. In addition, the existing hybrid technology does not consider recovering the potential energy of the boom, so that it can be dissipated in the form of heat energy, which is not conducive to the fuel economy of the loader.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an oil-hydraulic-electric hybrid power system of a loader.

The utility model consists of an engine, a clutch, an integrated motor, a hydraulic pump, a one-way valve, a proportional overflow valve, a safety valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a proportional reversing valve, a boom hydraulic cylinder, an accumulator, a steering hydraulic cylinder, Composed of fuel tank, power battery, drive motor, gearbox, drive shaft and drive axle. The electromagnetic reversing valve includes a first electromagnetic reversing valve, a second electromagnetic reversing valve, a third electromagnetic reversing valve, a fourth electromagnetic reversing valve, and a fifth electromagnetic reversing valve; the safety valve includes a first safety reversing valve. valve, the second safety valve; the drive axle includes a front drive axle and a rear drive axle; the engine output shaft is connected to the left end of the clutch, the right end of the clutch is connected to the integrated motor, and the integrated motor is coaxially connected to the hydraulic pump; The driving motor is connected to the integrated motor and the power battery through a cable, and the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the gearbox; The P port of the reversing valve is connected, the second is connected with the oil inlet of the one-way valve; the oil outlet of the one-way valve is divided into three routes, the first is connected with the oil inlet of the proportional relief valve, and the second is The first safety valve is connected to the oil inlet, the third is connected to the P port of the proportional directional valve; the A port of the proportional directional valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the boom hydraulic cylinder, and the B port is connected to the rod chamber. The port is connected to the P port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve; the A port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is divided into two routes, the first route is connected to the accumulator, and the second route is connected to the P port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve. Port B is connected to the oil tank; port A of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve is divided into 3 routes, the first route is connected to port A of the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the second route is connected to the oil inlet of the second safety valve, and the third route is connected to the oil inlet of the second safety valve. The road is connected to the P port of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve; the A port of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the P port of the third electromagnetic reversing valve, and the B port is connected to the T port of the third electromagnetic reversing valve. It is connected with the oil tank; the A port of the third electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the rod chamber of the steering hydraulic cylinder, and the B port is connected with the rodless chamber of the steering hydraulic cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model realizes the complete mechanical decoupling between the engine and the wheels, so that the engine can work in the high-efficiency range and improves the efficiency of the whole machine;

3. The utility model adopts the hydraulic accumulator with higher energy density to recover the potential energy of the boom, which can provide better recovery effect, and the stored energy can be used to drive the steering mechanism, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the loader.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

Fig. 1 is structural composition and working principle schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a power transmission roadmap of the engine stationary start mode;

Fig. 3 is a power transmission route diagram of the engine running start mode;

Figure 4 is a power transmission roadmap for pure electric drive;

Fig. 5 is a power transmission roadmap of the power direct transmission mode;

Fig. 6 is a power transmission roadmap of the power split mode;

Fig. 7 is a power transmission route diagram of the high-speed combined driving mode;

Fig. 8 is a power transmission roadmap of low-speed operation combined drive mode;

Fig. 9 is a power transmission roadmap of the regenerative braking mode;

Fig. 10 is a power transmission roadmap of the boom potential energy recovery mode;

Fig. 11 is a power transmission route diagram of accumulator-driven steering mode;

Fig. 12 is a power transmission roadmap of the electric drive steering mode;

Fig. 13 is a power transmission route diagram of the engine-driven steering mode;

In the figure: 1. Engine, 2. Clutch, 3. Integrated motor, 4. Hydraulic pump, 5. Check valve, 6. Proportional relief valve, 7. First safety valve, 8. First electromagnetic reversing valve , 9. Proportional reversing valve, 10. Boom hydraulic cylinder, 11. Accumulator, 12. Second electromagnetic reversing valve, 13. Steering hydraulic cylinder, 14. Third electromagnetic reversing valve, 15. Fourth electromagnetic Reversing valve, 16. Second safety valve, 17. Fifth electromagnetic reversing valve, 18. Fuel tank, 19. Front drive axle, 20. Power battery, 21. Drive motor, 22. Gear box, 23. Transmission shaft, 24. Rear drive axle.

Detailed ways

See also Fig. 1, be the embodiment of the present utility model, this embodiment is by engine 1, clutch 2, integrated motor 3, hydraulic pump 4, one-way valve 5, proportional overflow valve 6, safety valve, electromagnetic reversing Valve, proportional reversing valve 9, boom hydraulic cylinder 10, accumulator 11, steering hydraulic cylinder 13, fuel tank 18, power battery 20, drive motor 21, gearbox 22, transmission shaft 23, and drive axle. Described electromagnetic reversing valve comprises the first electromagnetic reversing valve 8, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 15, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 17; The valve includes a first safety valve 7 and a second safety valve 16; the drive axle includes a front drive axle 19 and a rear drive axle 23; the output shaft of the engine 1 is connected to the left end of the clutch 2, and the right end of the clutch 2 is connected to the integrated motor 3 , the integrated motor 3 is coaxially connected with the hydraulic pump 4; the drive motor 21 is connected with the integrated motor 3 and the power battery 20 through a cable, and the output shaft of the drive motor 21 is connected with the gearbox 22; the transmission shaft 23 is connected with the gearbox 22 connected; the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 4 is divided into two routes, the first route is connected with the P port of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 17, and the second route is connected with the oil inlet of the check valve 5; the check valve 5 The oil outlet is divided into three routes, the first route is connected with the oil inlet port of the proportional relief valve 6, the second route is connected with the oil inlet port of the first safety valve 7, and the third route is connected with the P port of the proportional reversing valve 9 The A port of the proportional reversing valve 9 is connected with the rodless chamber of the boom hydraulic cylinder 10, the B port is connected with the rod chamber, and the T port is connected with the P port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 8; the first electromagnetic reversing valve The A port of the valve 8 is divided into two routes, the first route is connected with the accumulator 11, the second route is connected with the P port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, and the B port is connected with the fuel tank 18; the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 17 Port A is divided into 3 routes, the first route is connected to the A port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12, the second route is connected to the oil inlet port of the second safety valve 16, and the third route is connected to the P port of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 15. The A port of the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 is connected with the P port of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 14, the B port is connected with the T port of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 14, and the T port is connected with the oil tank 18; the third The A port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 14 is connected with the rod chamber of the steering hydraulic cylinder 13 , and the B port is connected with the rodless chamber of the steering hydraulic cylinder 13 .

Working process and principle of the present utility model are as follows:

1. engine start mode

According to the running status of the vehicle, the engine start mode is divided into two sub-modes: stationary start and driving start. Among them, the power transmission route for static start is shown in Figure 2, and the power transmission route for driving start is shown in Figure 3.

The common features of these two sub-modes: the power battery 20 releases energy, the integrated motor 3 works in the form of an electric motor, and converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the power is transmitted to the engine 1 through the combined clutch 2, and the engine 1 starts.

The difference between the two sub-modes: in the driving start mode, the power battery 20 needs to provide power for the vehicle at the same time, and the driving motor 21 works in the form of an electric motor to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the power is transmitted to the front through the gearbox 22 and the transmission shaft 23. The transaxle 19 and the rear transaxle 24 are finally output to the wheels.

2. Pure electric drive mode

The pure electric driving mode is mainly used in low-load working conditions such as starting and low-speed driving of the loader when the SOC value of the power battery 20 is high. The power transmission route is shown in FIG. 4 . In this mode, the power battery 20 releases energy, and the drive motor 21 works in the form of an electric motor to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. output to the wheels.

3. Engine alone drive mode

The engine alone driving mode is mainly used for middle-load driving and low-load driving when the SOC value of the power battery 20 is low. According to the operating conditions of the whole machine, the independent driving mode of the engine is divided into two sub-modes: direct power transmission and power split. When the loader is running with a medium load and the required power of the whole machine is in the high-efficiency area of the engine, it is in the direct power transmission mode, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 5. When the loader is running with a low load, the required power of the whole machine is lower than the minimum power provided by the engine in the high-efficiency zone, and the SOC value of the power battery 20 is low, it is a power split mode, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 6 .

The common features of these two sub-modes: the engine 1 outputs power, the clutch 2 is combined, the integrated motor 3 works in the form of a generator to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the driving motor 21 works in the form of an electric motor to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The power is transmitted to the front axle drive axle 19 and the rear axle drive axle 24 through the gear box 22 and the transmission shaft 23, and finally output to the wheels.

The difference between the two sub-modes: in the power split mode, the electric energy generated by the integrated motor 3 will be used to charge the power battery 20 at the same time.

4. joint drive mode

According to the running status of the vehicle, the joint drive is divided into two sub-modes: high-speed driving joint drive and low-speed operation joint drive. The high-speed driving mode is mainly used for the highest speed driving in the process of changing the working site, and the low-speed working mode is mainly used for high-load working conditions such as shoveling and lifting. Among them, the power transmission route of the high-speed driving mode is shown in Figure 7, and the power transmission route of the low-speed operation mode is shown in Figure 8.

The common features of these two sub-modes: the engine 1 outputs power, the integrated motor 3 works in the form of a generator to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, while the power battery 20 releases energy, and the drive motor 21 works in the form of an electric motor to convert electrical energy is mechanical energy, and drives the loader together with the engine 1 .

The difference between the two sub-modes: In the low-speed operation mode of high-load conditions such as shoveling and lifting, the engine drives the hydraulic pump 4 at the same time, and the hydraulic pump 4 converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy to drive the hydraulic working device to work.

5. braking mode

When the SOC value of the power battery 20 is low and the vehicle speed is higher than a certain value, the loader can perform regenerative braking, and the power transmission route is shown in FIG. 9 . The drive motor 21 works in the form of a generator, and the recovered braking energy is charged into the power battery in the form of electric energy.

6. Boom potential energy recovery mode

When the boom is down and the pressure of the accumulator 11 is low, the power transmission route of the boom potential energy recovery mode is shown in Figure 10 . The gravitational potential energy of the material is transformed into the pressure energy of the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the boom hydraulic cylinder. The proportional reversing valve 9 moves leftward, and the pressure oil flows into the accumulator 11 through the proportional reversing valve 9 and the first electromagnetic reversing valve 8. Charging of the accumulator 11 is achieved.

7. Drive Steering Mode

During driving, driving steering includes three sub-modes of accumulator driving, electric driving and engine driving steering.

When the pressure of the accumulator 11 is high, the accumulator-driven steering mode is adopted, and its power transmission route is shown in Fig. 11 . The accumulator 11 releases energy, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 8 and the third electromagnetic reversing valve 14 move leftward, the second electromagnetic reversing valve 12 and the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 move rightward, and the hydraulic oil passes through the second electromagnetic reversing valve. The directional valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 15 and the third electromagnetic directional valve 14 respectively flow into the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the steering hydraulic cylinder 13 to realize accumulator-driven steering.

When the hydraulic accumulator pressure is low enough to drive the steering, the two sub-modes of electric drive and engine drive steering are used. Among them, the power transmission route of electric drive steering is shown in Figure 12, and the power transmission route of engine-driven steering is shown in Figure 13.

The common features of these two sub-modes: the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve 17 goes up, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 14 moves left, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 moves right, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank passes through the hydraulic pump 4, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve The reversing valve 17 , the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve 15 and the third electromagnetic reversing valve 14 respectively flow into the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering hydraulic cylinder 13 to realize steering.

The difference between the two sub-modes: when in the pure electric mode, the power battery 20 provides energy, and the integrated motor 3 works in the form of an electric motor, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the power is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 4; otherwise, it is powered by the engine 1 to output mechanical energy to drive the hydraulic pump 4.

Claims (1)

1. the fluid electric mixed dynamic system of a loader, it is characterized in that: be by motor (1), clutch (2), integrated motor (3), hydraulic pump (4), one way valve (5), proportional pressure control valve (6), safety valve, solenoid operated directional valve, proportional reversing valve (9), swing arm hydraulic cylinder (10), accumulator (11), hydraulic steering cylinder (13), fuel tank (18), electrokinetic cell (20), drive motors (21), gear-box (22), power transmission shaft (23), drive axle form; Described solenoid operated directional valve comprises the first solenoid operated directional valve (8), the second solenoid operated directional valve (12), the 3rd solenoid operated directional valve (14), the 4th solenoid operated directional valve (15), the 5th solenoid operated directional valve (17); Described safety valve comprises the first safety valve (7), the second safety valve (16); Described drive axle comprises front driving axle (19), rear driving axle (23); Described motor (1) output shaft is connected with clutch (2) left end, and clutch (2) right-hand member is connected with integrated motor (3), and integrated motor (3) is coaxially connected with hydraulic pump (4); Described drive motors (21) is connected with electrokinetic cell (20) with integrated motor (3) by cable, and drive motors (21) output shaft is connected with gear-box (22); Described power transmission shaft (23) is connected with gear-box (22); The oil-out of described hydraulic pump (4) divides two-way, and the first via is connected with the P mouth of the 5th solenoid operated directional valve (17), and the second tunnel is connected with the oil-in of one way valve (5); The oil-out of one way valve (5) divides three tunnels, and the first via is connected with the oil-in of proportional pressure control valve (6), and the second tunnel is connected with the oil-in of the first safety valve (7), and the 3rd tunnel is connected with the P mouth of proportional reversing valve (9); The A mouth of proportional reversing valve (9) is connected with the rodless cavity of swing arm hydraulic cylinder (10), and B mouth is connected with rod chamber, and T mouth is connected with the P mouth of the first solenoid operated directional valve (8); The A mouth of the first solenoid operated directional valve (8) divides two-way, and the first via is connected with accumulator (11), and the second tunnel is connected with the P mouth of the second solenoid operated directional valve (12), and B mouth is connected with fuel tank (18); The A mouth of the 5th solenoid operated directional valve (17) divides 3 tunnels, and the first via is connected with the A mouth of the second solenoid operated directional valve (12), and the second tunnel is connected with the oil-in of the second safety valve (16), and the 3rd tunnel is connected with the P mouth of the 4th solenoid operated directional valve (15); The A mouth of the 4th solenoid operated directional valve (15) is connected with the P mouth of the 3rd solenoid operated directional valve (14), and B mouth is connected with the T mouth of the 3rd solenoid operated directional valve (14), and T mouth is connected with fuel tank (18); The A mouth of the 3rd solenoid operated directional valve (14) is connected with the rod chamber of hydraulic steering cylinder (13), and B mouth is connected with the rodless cavity of hydraulic steering cylinder (13).