CN204596285U - A kind of sensor experiment case - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sensor experiment box. The utility model provides a sensor experiment box, which includes a box body and a box cover. The upper part of the box body is opened and connected with the box cover. The box body includes an upper layer and a lower layer: the upper layer is an experimental operation layer, and the lower layer is a module storage layer. The structure design of the utility model is flexible. Compared with the traditional sensor experiment box, the technical solution of the utility model has higher intelligence. , Applicability and scalability, focusing on the cultivation of students' hands-on ability, suitable for undergraduates, colleges and universities to carry out sensor experiment courses, course design, scientific research and development.

Description

A sensor experiment box

technical field

The utility model relates to a sensor experiment box, which belongs to the technical field of teaching instruments.

Background technique

With the rapid development of key basic technologies such as computers, microelectronics, materials and communications, as well as application technologies, especially the rapid development of Internet of Things technology in recent years, the application of sensors has also expanded from the industrial field to people's daily life. Therefore, sensor experiments have also become the core or main courses for majors in electronics, electrical information, automatic control, and the Internet of Things.

In the past sensor experiment boxes, one type is that the manufacturer focuses on the sensing technology in the sensor, focusing on the material, structure, process and other technologies of the sensor. This type of sensor mainly meets the relevant course requirements of physics, materials, instrumentation and other majors. Students When using this kind of sensor experiment box to learn, only a few sensors can be understood thoroughly, and the types of sensors that can be learned are limited. In addition, due to too much emphasis on the specific technical details of sensors, students often cannot fully understand their applications.

The other type focuses on the application of sensors. All sensors are packaged into small modules, and the output signals of the sensors are basically digitized. Most of the acquisition controllers used are high-end ARM processors, such as Cortex A8 or ARM11. Students When using it, it is impossible to understand the internal working principle of the sensor in detail, or even to control the data collection process of the sensor, so it is impossible to exercise one's system design ability.

In addition, the previous sensor experiment box only focused on the data exchange and control between the sensor and the core control board, and could not achieve real-time control according to individual wishes. This greatly limits the expansibility and practical applicability of the experimental box in today's highly intelligent world.

The Chinese patent document "Integral Sensor Circuit Experiment Box", the application number is 201120504016.8, and the publication (announcement) number is CN202362993U discloses a sensor overall circuit experiment box, which consists of a temperature and humidity detection circuit, a magnetic field detection circuit, and a reflective infrared pair tube. It is composed of processing circuit, photoelectric speed measuring circuit, liquid crystal display module, sound processing circuit, light intensity detection circuit, breadboard, combustible gas detection circuit, pressure detection circuit, signal processing circuit, power module, single-chip microcomputer and sensor expansion jack. Each sensor is designed as an independent module. This kind of sensor experiment box is only equipped with a single-chip microcomputer, and the experiment box is not equipped with a communication module. Today's sensor connection is only meaningful if it is connected to the network and the data is transmitted.

The Chinese patent document "Self-Assembled Sensor Experiment Box", the application number is 200820165846.0, and the publication (announcement) number is CN201274107Y, discloses a self-assembled sensor experiment box, which belongs to the technical field of sensor experiment equipment teaching instruments, and is mainly suitable for sensors The test bench for detection technology is characterized in that it includes a box body and a box cover that are matched and connected, a fixed plate is placed in the box, an experimental sensor and a set of experimental component boxes with built-in experimental components are arranged on the fixed plate, and the experimental component box is set in cooperation with The wiring terminals for the circuit connection of the built-in experimental components, the corresponding circuit connections are formed between the experimental components built in the experimental component box, and between the experimental components and the experimental sensors through connecting wires and connecting terminals. Each module of the structure of the experiment box is non-detachable, which is inconvenient for students to carry out combined experiments.

In summary, the existence of these shortcomings makes the existing sensor experiment box unable to meet the new requirements: the sensor experiment box should take into account the experimental requirements of the 8-bit MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer and the 32-bit STM32 Cortex M series single-chip microcomputer, and can realize one machine with multiple functions . Users can simply understand the working principle of most sensors, related signal conditioning circuits, corresponding data acquisition technology and related measurement and control system components, and understand the latest related technologies such as micro sensors, smart sensors and virtual instruments. At the same time, the sensor test box must have certain intelligence and strong scalability and practical applicability. Therefore, it is of great value to develop a sensor experiment box that can adapt to the new requirements of the new era.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a sensor experiment box.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A sensor experiment box, comprising a box body, a box cover and a power transformer, the upper part of the box body is open and connected to the box cover, a beam is arranged in the middle of the box body, the box body includes an upper layer and a lower layer, the The power transformer is set on the lower layer:

The upper layer is an experimental operation layer, and the experimental operation layer includes an installation frame, and the installation frame is installed on the crossbeam, and the installation frame includes a fixed module area and a mobile module area, and the fixed module area is installed in the fixed module area. The fixed module is fixedly connected to the installation frame, and the mobile module installed in the mobile module area is connected to the installation frame in a detachable manner;

The lower layer is the module storage layer, the module storage layer includes storage drawers and slide rails, the slide rails are arranged on the inner walls on both sides of the module storage layer, and the storage drawers are flexibly connected to the inner walls of the box through the slide rails .

Preferably, in the mobile module area, the mobile module and the installation frame are connected by screws.

Preferably, a partition board is provided inside the storage drawer, and the partition board is used to divide the internal space of the storage drawer.

Preferably, the fixed module includes a power supply module and a voltage and current measurement module.

Preferably, the mobile module includes a main controller module and other mobile modules, and the other mobile modules include a distance measurement&vibration&pressure&angle sensor module, a temperature measurement module, a proximity sensor module, a visible light sensor module, a speed&acceleration sensor module, temperature and humidity sensor module, gas sensor module, infrared module and communication module.

Preferably, the main controller module is 19 cm long and 11 cm wide, and the other mobile modules are 13 cm long and 9 cm wide.

Preferably, the mobile module is connected to the fixed module using a banana connector.

Preferably, the storage drawer further includes a handle, and the handle is arranged on the outer surface of the storage drawer.

Preferably, a foam board is arranged inside the box, and the foam board is pasted on the inner wall of the storage drawer. Used to protect the module.

Preferably, the box is made of steel plates.

According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the above-mentioned sensor experiment box can be used for testing applications based on labview:

First set up the test system based on labview on computer, described test system comprises main test interface and data storage space, described main test interface comprises main display interface and module button, and described data storage space comprises the excel form in the computer hard disk; Secondly, select the mobile module to be tested, install the mobile module on the installation frame, connect the main controller module with the computer through the RS-232 serial port bus and perform data communication, the input of the power transformer is connected to the external power supply, and the output of the power transformer is connected to the external power supply. Power supply module; again, start the test system and enter the main test interface; click the module button to send commands to the mobile module, and the mobile module will feed back data to the test system; the test system will display the data on the main display interface. If you need to store data, you need to save the data to the data storage space through the path.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model designs the sensor experiment box as an upper and lower structure, so that the user can clearly design the project plan for the sensor test when using it, and store the rest of the modules in the module storage layer of the experiment box, which is the sensor The expansion of the experimental box leaves a foundation, making the experiment more concise and clear for operation and management.

2. The utility model embeds the sensor module in a detachable structure in the installation frame, so that the whole experiment box is convenient for installation and maintenance, and the sensor module and the installation frame are installed together by screws to facilitate the replacement of the module; at the same time, due to The mobile modules are all the same size, and students can freely combine and play freely.

3. The utility model is equipped with a foam board in the box, so that the sub-boards that are not used in the experiment can be temporarily stored in the storage drawer with the foam board, so that the space in the box can be rationally used, and the box becomes smaller. It is more compact and easy to carry, and the foam material can also play a role in anti-fall.

4. Through the design of the mobile module, the utility model can be equipped with two kinds of single-chip microcomputers, including basic 51 single-chip microcomputers, and advanced Cortex-m3 processors that are widely used in the field of control circuits, suitable for students with different foundations. experiment. The included sensor modules cover most of the sensors that are currently used in teaching, and are also widely used in the industrial field, which is convenient for students to carry out secondary development.

5. The utility model is equipped with rich test interfaces, and reserves test interfaces from signal collection to final amplification, which is convenient for students to deeply understand the processing circuit of the sensor.

6. Through the technical solution of the utility model, the test based on lavbiew can be carried out, so that the data can be quickly and intuitively reflected in the display interface of the test system, so that the user can see the test results more intuitively, and at the same time, the virtuality of labview is extremely large To a certain extent, the sensor experiment box has higher intelligence, applicability and scalability, and is suitable for use in sensor experiment courses, course design, and scientific research and development in undergraduates, colleges and universities.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model sensor experiment box;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the experimental operation layer. The power supply module and the voltage and current measurement module are directly assembled on the installation frame. Other mobile modules adopt standard sizes and can be embedded in the installation frame;

The interpretation in Figure 1 is as follows: 1. Box cover, 2. Box body, 3. Beam, 4. Installation frame, 5. Fixed module and mobile module, 6. Storage drawer, 7. Handle, 8. Partition board, 9. Power supply The transformer, the fixed module and the mobile module are both separated from the installation frame in Figure 1.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described below through the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto.

Example 1:

A sensor experiment box, comprising a box body, a box cover and a power transformer, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the sensor experiment box, the box body is a box body made of steel plates, the box body upper opening, Connected with the box cover, the middle part of the box is provided with a beam, the box includes an upper layer and a lower layer, and the power transformer is arranged on the lower layer:

The upper layer is an experimental operation layer, and the experimental operation layer includes an installation frame, and the installation frame is installed on the crossbeam, and the installation frame includes a fixed module area and a mobile module area, and the fixed module area is installed in the fixed module area. The fixed module is fixedly connected to the installation frame, and the mobile module installed in the mobile module area is detachably connected to the installation frame, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. The layout of each module is shown in Figure 2.

The lower layer is a module storage layer, and the module storage layer includes storage drawers and slide rails, the slide rails are arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the module storage layer, and the storage drawers are movably connected to the inner wall of the box through the slide rails.

The fixed module includes a power supply module and a voltage and current measurement module, and the fixed module is directly assembled on the installation frame. The power module includes a rectifier circuit, which converts AC to DC, and then through LM7805, LM7905, LM7812, LM7912, LM1117 voltage regulator chips to stabilize the voltage to +5V, -5V, +12V, -12V, 3.3V, to provide power The power is above 36W, and it has over-current protection and self-recovery functions. The voltage and current measurement module includes a voltage measurement module with a measurement range of 0-12V; a current measurement module with a measurement range of 0-10A.

The mobile module includes the main controller module and other mobile modules. Other mobile modules include distance measurement & vibration & pressure & angle sensor module, temperature measurement module, proximity sensor module, visible light sensor module, speed & acceleration sensor module, temperature and humidity sensor module, Gas sensor module, infrared module and communication module. The mobile module adopts standard size and is installed on the installation frame by screws for easy replacement. The main controller module is 19cm long and 11cm wide, and the other mobile modules are 13cm long and 9cm wide, as shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, Module 1, Module 2, Module 3 and Module 4 are all one of other mobile modules. Users can choose different other mobile modules to embed in Module 1 and Module 4 shown in Figure 2 according to different experimental requirements and different experimental purposes In the area shown in Module 2, Module 3 and Module 4.

The main controller module includes two kinds of measurement and control boards, one is the MCS-51 measurement and control board, which has switch indicator circuit, keyboard and LED display circuit, LCD1602 display circuit, AD/DA interface circuit, communication interface circuit, key circuit ; The other is the STM32 measurement and control board, which has a switching indicator circuit, a keyboard and an LED display circuit, an LCD display circuit, an AD/DA interface circuit, and a communication interface circuit on the board. Through the design of two kinds of measurement and control boards, two kinds of single-chip microcomputers can be configured, including the basic 51 single-chip microcomputer, and the advanced Cortex-m3 processor, which is widely used in the field of control circuits, suitable for students with different foundations to carry out experiments.

The ranging & vibration & pressure & angle sensor module includes the ranging sensor interface circuit, which uses ultrasonic distance measurement; the vibration sensor interface circuit, the core component is the SW420 vibration switch, when the sensor is subjected to vibration, the vibration sensor module outputs a high and low level change ;Pressure sensor module circuit, the load cell is a bridge composed of four strain resistances, when one end of the load cell is under pressure, the corresponding voltage is output; the interface circuit of the tilt angle sensor, the core component is N1000060, the tilt angle of the sensor Different, the voltage output by the module is different; the rotation angle sensor circuit uses a single potentiometer, the angle of rotation is different, the voltage output by the module is different.

The temperature measurement module includes AD620 amplifying circuit; K-type thermocouple temperature measurement circuit, the principle of K-type thermocouple is based on the Bessel effect. At different temperatures, the voltage at both ends of the thermocouple is different, and the module outputs different voltages; PT100 constant current Source temperature measurement circuit, design a constant current source through the Pt100 thermal resistance, the temperature is different, the output voltage of the module is different; PT100 bridge temperature measurement circuit, using Wheatstone bridge, three of the four resistances of the bridge are constant , and the other uses a Pt100 thermal resistance, when the Pt100 resistance value changes, a potential difference is generated at the test terminal, and the module outputs different voltages.

The proximity sensor module includes a proximity sensor circuit and a capacitive touch sensor circuit. The proximity sensor circuit includes an inductive proximity sensor and a Hall proximity sensor. It uses a TTP223 touch chip, which has strong anti-interference ability and will not be triggered by mistake.

Visible light sensor module, including the photosensitive sensor circuit, when there is light, the resistance of the photosensitive resistor drops rapidly, and input to the comparator LM393 to obtain different switching values; the sound sensor circuit, when the MIC collects the sound signal, the divided voltage of the MIC It will increase. When the sound intensity is higher than the noise, the peak voltage of the MIC is higher than the noise signal. After the DC signal is filtered by the capacitor, it will be amplified and inverted by the triode, and there will be a low-level change. When it is lower than the inverting input voltage of the LM393, Output low level; color recognition sensor circuit, using TCS3200D sensor, it is a programmable color light to frequency converter, different colors will output different frequencies when irradiated on the sensor.

The speed & acceleration sensor module, including the DC motor speed control circuit, uses the pulse width modulation (PWM) generated by the 555 timer to realize the motor speed control; the Hall sensor speed measurement circuit, the core device is the Hall effect unipolar switch A1120, the motor The speed is different, and the different outputs are shaped by a comparator, and the module will output different frequencies.

The temperature and humidity sensor module includes DHT11 temperature and humidity measurement circuit. DHT11 is a digital sensor integrating humidity and temperature. Simple single-bus communication can be used between DHT11 and the main controller module to know the temperature and humidity of the environment; DS18B20 Temperature measurement circuit block, DS18B20 is an intelligent temperature sensor, which can store the measured temperature in the internal register, and the main controller module can get the temperature value by reading its register through a single bus; HR202 measures humidity Circuit, HR202 is a resistive humidity sensor, connected to 555 timer, by measuring different frequencies of output, the resistance value of HR202 is known, so as to know the ambient humidity; NTC thermistor temperature measurement circuit, the resistance value of NTC thermistor As the temperature rises and falls, the corresponding temperature is measured by measuring the resistance value of the thermistor; the capacitance value of the HS1101 humidity measurement circuit changes regularly with the humidity. According to this feature, the corresponding humidity is determined according to its capacitance value Value; AD592 temperature measurement circuit, AD592 can linearly convert the temperature into a current signal output, and measure the temperature by measuring the current of AD592.

Gas sensor module, including the smoke sensor circuit, the resistance value of MQ-2 decreases with the increase of smoke concentration in the air, through the resistor divider, connected to the comparator LM393, output switching value; the methane sensor circuit, the resistance value of MQ-5 The value decreases with the increase of the concentration of methane in the air, through the resistor divider, connected to the comparator LM393, the output switch value; the alcohol sensor circuit, the resistance of MQ-3 decreases with the increase of the concentration of alcohol in the air, through the resistor Divide the voltage, connect to the comparator LM393, and output the switching value.

Infrared module, including infrared pyroelectric circuit, uses infrared pyroelectric sensor RE200B, which has high sensitivity and can meet the requirements of general alarm or automatic light control device application. The core chip is an infrared pyroelectric dedicated integrated chip BISS0001, which can be used to sense the heat source movement and drive lights or alarms; the infrared tube speed measurement circuit, when the light beam emitted by the luminous tube is blocked by the code disc, the phototransistor receives If the infrared light signal is not received, the signal terminal outputs a high level. When the motor rotates, the signal output terminal will have high and low level changes.

The communication module includes USB Host and USB Device circuits, CAN bus communication circuit, and Ethernet communication circuit, so that the sensor experiment box designed by the utility model includes a variety of communication modes, and the data of the sensor can be displayed in real time through the well-configured virtual machine instrument software .

The mobile module and the fixed module are connected by banana head connecting wires, and the mobile module and the installation frame are connected by screws.

When utilizing the above-mentioned sensor experiment box to be used on the virtual machine instrument software, first define the module scheme to be tested in the experiment, and establish a test system based on labview on the computer. The test system includes a main test interface and a data storage space. The main test interface Including the main display interface and module buttons, the data storage space includes the excel form in the computer hard disk; secondly, according to the module plan, select the mobile module to be tested, install the mobile module on the installation frame, and connect the experimental box to the test box through the RS-232 serial port bus. The main controller module is connected with the computer for data communication, and the input of the power transformer is connected to the external power supply, and the output of +12V, -12V, +6V, -6V AC power is output, and the output of the power transformer is connected to the power module; start the test system, Enter the main test interface; click the module button to send commands to the mobile module, and the mobile module will feed back the data to the test system; the test system will display the data on the main display interface. Different buttons can be set in the main display interface to realize real-time reading and pausing of data, and the data can also be permanently saved in the form of a table to the data storage space through path saving. The saved content includes the data saving time and corresponding data value for later review and analysis.

Example 2:

A sensor experiment box, the structure of which is as described in Embodiment 1, the difference is that the storage drawer also includes a handle, and the handle is arranged on the outer surface of the storage drawer to make the experiment box more convenient to use.

Example 3:

A sensor experiment box, the structure of which is as described in Embodiment 1, the difference is that a partition board is arranged inside the storage drawer, and the partition board is used to divide the internal space of the storage drawer to make the storage of the modules more orderly.

Example 4:

A sensor experiment box, the structure of which is as described in Embodiment 1, the difference is that a foam board is arranged inside the box, and the foam board is pasted on the inner wall of the storage drawer to protect the module.

Claims (9)

1. A sensor experiment box, comprising a box body, a case cover and a power transformer, the upper opening of the box body is connected with the box cover, the middle part of the box body is provided with a crossbeam, and the box body includes an upper floor and a lower floor, The power transformer is set in the lower layer: The upper layer is an experimental operation layer, and the experimental operation layer includes an installation frame, and the installation frame is installed on the crossbeam, and the installation frame includes a fixed module area and a mobile module area, and the fixed module area is installed in the fixed module area. The fixed module is fixedly connected to the installation frame, and the mobile module installed in the mobile module area is connected to the installation frame in a detachable manner; The lower layer is a module storage layer, and the module storage layer includes storage drawers and slide rails, the slide rails are arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the module storage layer, and the storage drawers are movably connected to the inner wall of the box through the slide rails. 2. The sensor experiment box according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the mobile module area, the mobile module and the installation frame are connected by screws. 3 . The sensor experiment box according to claim 1 , wherein a partition board is arranged inside the storage drawer, and the partition board is used to divide the internal space of the storage drawer. 4 . 4. The sensor experiment box according to claim 1, wherein the fixed module includes a power supply module and a voltage and current measurement module. 5. sensor experiment box according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mobile module comprises master controller module and other mobile modules, and described other mobile modules comprise ranging&vibration&pressure&angle sensor module, temperature measurement module, proximity sensor module, visible light sensor module, speed & acceleration sensor module, temperature and humidity sensor module, gas sensor module, infrared module and communication module. 6. The sensor experiment box according to claim 5, wherein the main controller module is 19cm long and 11cm wide, and the other mobile modules are 13cm long and 9cm wide. 7. The sensor experiment box according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mobile module is connected to the fixed module with a banana head connecting wire. 8 . The sensor experiment box according to claim 1 , wherein the storage drawer further comprises a handle, and the handle is arranged on an outer surface of the storage drawer. 9. The sensor experiment box according to claim 1, wherein a foam board is provided in the box, and the foam board is pasted on the inner wall of the storage drawer, and the box body is a box made of steel plate body.