CN204589157U - A kind of quaternity biogas fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a four-position integrated biogas fermentation device, which comprises a first-level dry fermentation mechanism, a second-level wet fermentation mechanism, a folding air storage bag, a solar greenhouse and a solar water heater; The annular dry fermenter in the solar greenhouse, the cage filled with materials and soaked in the feed liquid, and the water seal cover sealed on the top of the cage; the secondary wet fermentation mechanism includes a wet fermenter connected with the dry fermenter. The fermenter, the heat exchanger arranged in the wet fermenter, and the biofilm fixed in the wet fermenter; the top of the wet fermenter is provided with an air guide tube, and the folded air storage bag is arranged on the top of the wet fermenter and connected with the air guide tube Connected to each other, the solar water heater is set on the top of the solar greenhouse and provides circulating hot water for the heat exchanger. The utility model solves the problem that the sludge pump is easy to be blocked, uses solar energy and a solar greenhouse in combination, saves energy, shortens the degradation time of fiber materials, improves the utilization rate of fermentation raw materials, increases the content of methane in biogas, increases The comprehensive utilization rate of biogas residue and biogas slurry has been improved.

Description

A four-in-one biogas fermentation device

technical field

The utility model relates to a biogas fermentation device, in particular to a biogas fermentation device integrating solar energy collection, dry and wet two-step fermentation, and greenhouse hydroponics, and belongs to the technical field of biogas fermentation.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's new rural construction, the increasingly serious domestic waste pollution is worrying. Domestic waste and straw are piled up randomly, livestock manure can be seen everywhere, and domestic sewage flows underground. If these environmental pollution problems are not scientifically treated as soon as possible, they will be destroyed It will seriously affect the process of building a new socialist countryside. The commonly used method for treating organic waste is anaerobic fermentation, which can turn waste into treasure, that is, organic waste can be anaerobically fermented to generate biogas and biogas residue. Biogas is a renewable new energy source. It can be used as an organic fertilizer or a substrate for the production of organic compound fertilizers. At present, the conventional anaerobic fermentation device generally adopts a fully mixed fermenter (CSTR). Oxygen fermentation, on the one hand, due to the low density of straw, it is often easy to float on the top of the fermentation tank, which may easily cause crusting on the top of the material or short circuit of the material, and easily lead to blockage of the sludge pump; The biogas fermentation process needs to go through the acidification stage first, and the suitable bacteria group in the acidification stage is facultative anaerobic bacteria, and the full-mix biogas fermentation device is used to try to ferment all materials anaerobically, which leads to a decrease in the utilization rate of straw materials , resulting in a decrease in the volumetric gas production rate, increasing the construction cost of the device, and poor cost performance, which is not conducive to use and promotion.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a four-in-one biogas fermentation device that integrates solar energy collection, dry and wet two-step fermentation, and greenhouse hydroponics.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a four-position integrated biogas fermentation device, which is characterized in that it includes a first-level dry fermentation mechanism, a second-level wet fermentation mechanism, a folding air storage bag, a solar greenhouse and a stuffy Sun-dried solar water heater; the first-stage dry fermentation mechanism includes a ring-shaped dry fermentation tank filled with feed liquid and arranged in the solar greenhouse, several net cages filled with materials and soaked in the feed liquid, and several The water seal cover that is arranged on the top of the cage is sealed; the upper part of the side wall of the dry fermenter is provided with a first air duct; and a wet fermenter connected with it, a heat exchanger arranged in the wet fermenter, and a biofilm suspended and fixed in the wet fermenter; the top of the wet fermenter is provided with a second Air duct, the side wall lower part of the wet fermentation tank is provided with a lower discharge pipe; the folded air storage bag is arranged on the top of the wet fermentation tank and communicated with the second air duct of the wet fermentation tank, the The sun-dried solar water heater is arranged on the top of the solar greenhouse, and the sun-dried solar water heater provides circulating hot water for the heat exchanger.

In a preferred embodiment, the upper cover of the dry fermenter is evenly opened with several through holes, and the cage is inserted through the through holes and soaked in the feed liquid in the dry fermenter.

In a preferred embodiment, a hydraulic stirring tube and a biogas stirring tube are also arranged on the side wall of the wet fermenter, one end of the hydraulic stirring tube communicates with the wet fermenter, and the other end communicates with the outlet. The material pipes are connected; one end of the biogas stirring pipe is connected with the upper part of the wet fermentation tank, and the other end is connected with the lower part of the wet fermentation tank after being merged with the first air guide pipe through the compressor.

In a preferred embodiment, the biofilm is made of nylon cloth, and the micropores of the nylon cloth are 80-120 meshes, and the thickness of each layer of the nylon cloth is 0.15-0.2mm, folded 4- Level 6.

In a preferred embodiment, the outside of the wet fermenter is provided with an air sandwich insulation structure.

In a preferred embodiment, soilless cultivation is carried out in the solar greenhouse, and a mechanical lifting device is arranged in the solar greenhouse, a hook is arranged on the top plate, and a cold-proof ditch is arranged outside the side wall of the solar greenhouse.

In a preferred embodiment, the feed liquid filled in the dry fermentation tank is human, livestock and/or poultry feces and sewage, and the material filled in the cage is straw, weeds, rotten vegetable leaves and/or kitchen waste Rubbish.

Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the utility model has the following advantages: 1. The utility model provides a new type of biogas fermentation device integrating solar energy, dry and wet two-step fermentation, and greenhouse hydroponics, forming a biogas as a link For a benign ecosystem, put the cages containing straw-like high-fiber carbon-rich fermentation materials into dry fermentation tanks filled with feed liquid for hydrolysis, acidification and partial methanation (primary fermentation), and the materials are taken out after the acidification process Replacement ensures the facultative anaerobic environment of the material, enhances the activity of facultative anaerobic bacteria, and shortens the degradation time of the material; then injects the material liquid after the primary fermentation into the wet fermentation tank for secondary anaerobic fermentation Fermentation, the secondary fermentation tank meets the complete anaerobic environment, enhances the activity of anaerobic methane bacteria, and improves the volumetric gas production rate of the feed liquid; The advantages of water, on the one hand, guarantee the temperature for the dry-wet two-step fermentation tank and save energy; The purpose of reducing pesticide usage is to reduce pesticide residues. At the same time, a large amount of biogas slurry and biogas residue can be used as base fertilizer, which not only reduces the cost of plant fertilization but also increases output benefits. 2. The utility model adopts a dry-wet two-step fermentation mechanism to place the straw materials in the net cage, and make them whole in and out by manual or mechanical methods, avoiding the floating crusting of the straw fermentation materials, short circuit of the materials and Problems such as the blockage of the sludge pump have improved the utilization rate of the fermentation material, increased the volumetric gas production rate of the fermentation device, and also increased the content of methane in the biogas produced. 3. The biofilm of the present utility model is made of high-strength, high-density, corrosion-resistant, non-degradable nylon cloth, and the micropores of the nylon cloth are 80-120 meshes, and the thickness of each layer of nylon cloth is 0.15-0.2mm. 4 to 6 layers, the specific surface area is 8 to 12 times larger than that of the hard polyethylene bed, which is conducive to the interception and enrichment of bacteria, prevents the loss of bacteria during discharge, and improves the adhesion and reproduction ability and activity of the bacteria. At the same time, the dead bacteria are easy to peel off, which does not affect the attachment and reproduction of the new flora. 4. The utility model is equipped with an air interlayer insulation structure composed of an air interlayer and a conventional outer insulation layer outside the dry and wet fermentation tanks, and blows hot air into the air interlayer to ensure that the temperature in the dry and wet fermentation tanks is constant and the biogas production is continuous. Stable and increase the volumetric gas production rate. Compared with traditional fermentation devices, this device significantly reduces energy consumption, saves energy and reduces costs. 5. The utility model is also equipped with a hydraulic stirring tube and a biogas stirring tube on the side wall of the wet fermentation tank, and injects a part of the feed liquid and biogas into the wet fermentation tank to ensure that the feed liquid in the wet fermentation tank is evenly stirred. It can be seen that the utility model cleverly solves the problem that different respiratory types of flora can survive in their respective suitable environments, instead of placing different types of fermentation materials in the same full-mix fermentation tank, which comprehensively improves the technical content. Fully satisfy the internal conditions of its fermentation, improve the gas production rate and reduce the cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the front view of the four-position integrated biogas fermentation device of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the four-position integrated biogas fermentation device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in detail. However, it should be understood that the drawings are only provided for better understanding of the utility model, and they should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the four-position integrated biogas fermentation device provided by the utility model includes a primary dry fermentation mechanism 1, a secondary wet fermentation mechanism 2, a folded air storage bag 3, a solar greenhouse 4 and a sun-dried solar water heater 5.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the primary dry fermentation mechanism 1 includes a dry fermentation tank 11 , several cages 12 and several water-sealed covers 13 . The dry fermenter 11 has a ring structure and is arranged in the solar greenhouse 4. The dry fermenter 11 is filled with feed liquid, and the upper cover of the dry fermenter 11 is uniformly provided with several through holes along the circumferential direction. The upper part of the side wall of the dry fermenter 11 An air duct 14 is provided. The cages 12 are filled with materials, and the cages 12 are soaked in the feed liquid in the dry fermentation tank 11 through through holes, and a water seal cover 13 is arranged on the top of each cage 12 for sealing.

The secondary wet fermentation mechanism 2 includes a wet fermentation tank 21 , a heat exchanger 22 and a biofilm 23 . Wherein, the wet fermenter 21 is coaxially arranged in the middle of the dry fermenter 11 and higher than the dry fermenter 11 , and the wet fermenter 21 communicates with the dry fermenter 11 through a discharge pipe 15 and a pump 16 . The heat exchanger 22 is arranged in the wet fermentation tank 21, and the heat exchanger 22 is provided with a water inlet pipe 221 and a water outlet pipe 222, and the biofilm 23 is suspended and fixed in the wet fermentation tank 21 by a bracket. The top of the wet fermenter 21 is provided with an air duct 24 , and the lower part of the side wall of the wet fermenter 21 is provided with a lower discharge pipe 25 .

The folded air storage bag 3 is arranged on the top of the wet fermenter 21 and communicates with the air duct 24 of the wet fermenter 21, the sun-dried solar water heater 5 is arranged on the top of the solar greenhouse 4, and the water outlet of the sun-dried solar water heater 5 and the water inlet are respectively connected with the water inlet pipe 221 and the water outlet pipe 222 of the heat exchanger 22 (not shown in the figure).

In a preferred embodiment, the side wall of the wet fermentation tank 21 is also provided with a hydraulic stirring tube 26 and a biogas stirring tube 27, one end of the hydraulic stirring tube 26 is connected with the wet fermentation tank 21, and the other end is connected with the discharge pipe. 15 connected. One end of the biogas stirring tube 27 communicates with the upper part of the wet fermenter 21 , and the other end communicates with the lower part of the wet fermenter 21 after the compressor 28 merges with the air duct 14 .

In a preferred embodiment, the biofilm 23 is made of high-strength, high-density, corrosion-resistant, and non-degradable nylon cloth, and the micropores of the nylon cloth are 80-120 meshes, and the thickness of each layer of nylon cloth is 0.15-0.2mm , folded 4 to 6 layers, its specific surface area is 8 to 12 times larger than that of the hard polyethylene bed, which is beneficial to intercept and enrich the bacteria, prevent the loss of the bacteria when discharging, and improve the adhesion and reproduction of the bacteria and activity, while the dead bacteria are easy to peel off, which does not affect the attachment and reproduction of the new flora.

In a preferred embodiment, an air interlayer insulation structure can also be set outside the wet fermentation tank 21, and the setting of the air interlayer insulation structure 3 ensures that the suitable temperature of the material liquid in the wet fermentation tank 21 is constant, which significantly saves energy consumption .

In a preferred embodiment, soilless cultivation can be carried out in the solar greenhouse 4, and mechanical hoisting equipment (such as small electric hoists, etc.) Case 12 is hoisted, to replace new net cage 12. Cold-proof ditch 42 is also provided with outside solar greenhouse 4 side walls.

In a preferred embodiment, the feed liquid filled in the dry fermenter 11 may be human, livestock and/or poultry feces and sewage.

In a preferred embodiment, the material filled in the cage 12 may be straw, weeds, rotten vegetable leaves and/or kitchen waste and the like.

When the utility model is in use, its work flow is as follows:

1) After chopping the straw materials, put them into a plurality of net cages 12 respectively;

2) The diluted manure-like feed liquid is heated to 40°C in advance through the circulation of water in the sun-drying solar water heater 5, and then poured into the dry fermentation tank 11;

3) insert the net cage 12 into the dry fermentation tank 11 through the through hole of the upper cover of the dry fermentation tank 11 and soak in the diluted fecal material liquid, and then cover the water seal cover 13 on the top of each net cage 12 to carry out seal;

4) The straw-like materials in the net cage 12 are hydrolyzed, acidified and partially methanated in the diluted manure-like material liquid to perform primary fermentation, which can avoid the floating encrustation and short circuit of the materials, and improve the gas production rate;

5) The feed liquid produced by the primary fermentation is injected into the wet fermentation tank 21 through the discharge pipe 15 and the pump 16, and at the same time, the sun-drying solar water heater 5 continuously feeds circulating hot water into the heat exchanger 22 for the wet fermentation tank 21. The feed liquid provides a suitable temperature, so that the feed liquid in the wet fermentation tank 21 is subjected to secondary anaerobic fermentation;

6) Part of the biogas produced by the secondary anaerobic fermentation is sent into the folded air storage bag 3 through the air duct 24, and the other part is sprayed into the wet fermentation tank 21 together with the biogas produced by the primary fermentation through the compressor 28 and the biogas stirring tube 27, Open hydraulic stirring pipe 26 simultaneously and inject a part of feed liquid into wet fermenter 21, to ensure that the stirring of feed liquid in secondary wet fermenter 21 is even;

7) After the materials in the net cage 12 are degraded and fermented, replace the new net cage 12 by manual or mechanical hoisting.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in further detail, and are not used to limit the utility model. Any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the utility model, Equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., should all be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A four-position integrated biogas fermentation device is characterized in that it includes a first-level dry fermentation mechanism, a second-level wet fermentation mechanism, a folded air storage bag, a solar greenhouse and a stuffy solar water heater; The first-stage dry fermentation mechanism includes a ring-shaped dry fermentation tank filled with feed liquid and installed in the solar greenhouse, several net cages filled with materials and soaked in the feed liquid, and several seals arranged in the said solar greenhouse. A water seal cover at the top of the cage; the top side wall of the dry fermenter is provided with a first air duct; The secondary wet fermentation mechanism includes a wet fermenter arranged coaxially in the middle of the dry fermenter and communicated with it, a heat exchanger arranged in the wet fermenter, and a suspension fixed to the The biofilm in the wet fermentation tank; the top of the wet fermentation tank is provided with a second air duct, and the lower side wall of the wet fermentation tank is provided with a lower discharge pipe; The folded air storage bag is arranged on the top of the wet fermenter and communicated with the second air duct of the wet fermenter, the sun-dried solar water heater is arranged on the top of the solar greenhouse, and the stuffy The sun-dried solar water heater provides circulating hot water for the heat exchanger. 2. A four-position integrated biogas fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper cover of the dry fermentation tank is evenly provided with several through holes, and the cage is inserted through the through holes and soaked In the feed liquid in the dry fermenter. 3. A kind of four-position integrated biogas fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the side wall of the wet fermentation tank is also provided with a hydraulic stirring tube and a biogas stirring tube, and one end of the hydraulic stirring tube It is connected with the wet fermentation tank, and the other end is connected with the discharge pipe; one end of the biogas stirring pipe is connected with the upper part of the wet fermentation tank, and the other end is connected with the first air duct through the compressor. After merging, it communicates with the lower part of the wet fermenter. 4. A four-position integrated biogas fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the biofilm is made of nylon cloth, and the micropores of the nylon cloth are 80-120 mesh , the thickness of each layer of nylon cloth is 0.15-0.2mm, folded 4-6 layers. 5. A four-position integrated biogas fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, an air interlayer insulation structure is arranged outside the wet fermentation tank. 6. A four-position integrated biogas fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein soilless cultivation is carried out in the solar greenhouse, and mechanical lifting equipment is arranged in the solar greenhouse, and the top plate is arranged A hook, and a cold-proof ditch is arranged outside the side wall of the solar greenhouse. 7. A four-position integrated biogas fermentation device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the feed liquid filled in the dry fermentation tank is human, livestock and/or poultry manure sewage, and the net The materials filled in the box are straw, weeds, rotten vegetable leaves and/or kitchen waste.