CN204560148U - A kind of deep cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tea garden deep plowing machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural and forestry machinery. The machine includes a walking machine driven by the front wheel. The rear end of the walking machine is equipped with a single-wheel guiding depth-limiting mechanism. The middle part of the walking machine is equipped with a forward-extending support arm whose lower end is hinged on the indexing center. The upper end of the support arm is equipped with a crank supported on the bearing seat, and the inner end of the rocker is hinged under the middle part of the walking machine (that is, the position of the first output shaft end of the gearbox), and the hinge point of the inner end of the rocker is located at the The rear and lower part of the crank rotation center, the rotation center of the crank is connected with the drive wheel installed in the indexing center, the outer end of the crank is hinged with the upper end of the connecting rod, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the rocker The outer end of the connecting rod is hinged, and the front side of the connecting rod is equipped with a prying device extending downwards with the hoe teeth. The utility model adopts the above-mentioned series of interrelated structural changes, which can properly solve the problem that the mechanical deep plowing operation is difficult and the plowing depth is not up to the standard caused by the inorganic plowing road in the tea garden with steep slopes in hilly and mountainous areas.

Description

Deep tillage machine for tea garden

technical field

The utility model relates to a field deep plowing operation machine, in particular to a small tea garden deep plowing machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural and forestry machinery.

Background technique

The soil between the tea rows in the tea farm is frequently trampled by tea pickers in spring, summer and autumn, so it is easy to harden, the permeability becomes poor, the soil fertilizer storage and water function decline, and the growth and development of tea tree roots are hindered and easy to age. Deep plowing is necessary to improve the physical properties of the soil, reduce the bulk density of the soil, increase the porosity of the soil, and increase the water storage capacity of the soil; at the same time, deepen and mature the plow layer, accelerate the weathering and decomposition of the lower soil, and convert water-insoluble nutrients into soluble nutrients; beneficial Root growth and development. In addition, deep plowing can remove weeds, improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, reduce the number of overwintering diseases and insect pests of tea trees, benefit the growth of tea trees in autumn and winter, and accumulate more nutrients for the next spring tea to increase production and quality.

According to the applicant's understanding, deep plowing in tea gardens needs to be carried out between tea rows with narrow spaces, especially suitable for sparse planting, cluster planting, and aging tea gardens with severe soil compaction. Usually, the following requirements are required: 1) The depth of deep plowing is about 20-30 meters deep between rows. 10-15 cm on both sides near the root of the tea tree is best, which can reduce root damage; 2) After deep plowing in the tea garden, the soil should not be too large or too small, and it must be conducive to the growth and development of the tea tree root system Moderate size.

For a long time, tea gardens have been excavated manually with iron rakes, which is labor-intensive and low-efficiency, especially when it needs to be carried out in tea gardens with high tea trees closed, and it is more difficult to work, and it is difficult to guarantee the depth of manual deep plowing at 20-30 cm , the shape and size of the soil after plowing are not uniform, and it is difficult to meet the above-mentioned requirements for deep plowing of tea gardens.

At present, my country's tea gardens can be divided into flat slope tea gardens, gentle slope tea gardens, and hilly and steep slope tea gardens. For tea gardens with gentle slopes and flat slopes, deep tillage machines for tea gardens with low clearance and cross-row tea gardens with high clearance have been developed (see application numbers 201320230923.7, 201320002031.1, and 200820238191.5 for details. Chinese patent literature). However, the existing deep tillage machine for tea gardens not only has the hoeing device completely placed behind the walking power machine, but is too long and bulky to be flexibly controlled, and is not suitable for use on hills and steep slopes, and its depth-limiting device is close to the hoeing device, which not only increases the size of the whole machine length, making its structure more draggy, and depth adjustment is limited.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: aiming at the limitations of the above-mentioned prior art, by changing the structure, a small deep tillage machine suitable for tea gardens with steep slopes is proposed, so as to solve the problem of difficult mechanical deep plowing operations caused by the inorganic farming roads in tea gardens with steep slopes in hilly and mountainous areas. The plowing depth is not up to standard, to ensure the efficient growth of tea trees in hilly areas, and to improve the yield and quality of fresh tea leaves.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the basic structure of the utility model tea garden deep-cultivation machine proposed by the applicant through the bold innovation of breaking the conventional structure is: a hand-held walking machine driven by the front wheel, and a single-wheel guide limiter is installed at the rear end of the walking machine. Deep mechanism, the upper part of the walking machine is equipped with a forward support arm whose lower end is hinged to the index center, the upper end of the support arm is equipped with a crank supported on the bearing seat, and the lower part of the walking machine is hinged and supported. The inner end of the rod, the hinge fulcrum of the inner end of the rocker is located at the rear and lower part of the rotation center of the crank, the rotation center of the crank is connected with the drive wheel installed in the index center, and the outer end of the crank is connected with the connecting rod The upper end of the connecting rod is hinged, the lower end of the connecting rod is hinged with the outer end of the rocking bar, and the front side of the connecting rod is equipped with a prying device that extends the hoe teeth downward.

Compared with the above-mentioned prior art, the overall structure of the utility model has undergone the following substantial changes:

1) The main part of the prying device that completes the deep plowing operation is located on the walking machine, the front elongation is very limited, and the depth-limiting device becomes a part of the walking machine, so the structure is very compact, and the length of the whole machine is shortened to the greatest extent, making the utility model The small tea garden deep cultivator is very easy to operate, and the adjustment range of tillage depth is enlarged, which is very suitable for hilly and steep slope tea gardens, and can also achieve the required plowing depth when there is no tillage road;

2) The prying device that completes the plowing is located in front of the walking machine instead of behind, and the deep plowing operation breaks the routine and is realized in a retrograde manner;

3) The prying device and the depth-limiting device are located at the front and rear of the walking machine, changing the original structure at the rear end, forming a lever-type depth-limiting adjustment that is easy to adjust, and is conducive to increasing the plowing depth;

4) The depth limit device is organically combined with the rear guide wheel supporting the walking machine, which simplifies the structure;

It can be seen that the utility model adopts the above-mentioned series of interrelated structural changes, which can properly solve the problem that the mechanical deep plowing operation is difficult and the plowing depth is not up to the standard caused by the inorganic plowing road in the tea garden with steep slopes in hilly and mountainous areas.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the prying device in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a left perspective view of FIG. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guiding depth-limiting mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the guiding depth-limiting mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the motion track of the hoe tooth in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

The basic structure of the small tea garden deep cultivator of this embodiment is shown in Figures 1 and 2 (see other drawings), including a walking tractor driven by the front wheel 1 as a walking machine 12, and the machine is equipped with a conventional engine, transmission and control mechanism , controlled with the armrest and gear lever. The rear end of walking machine 12 is equipped with single-wheel guide depth-limiting mechanism 2. The upper part of the frame between the front wheel 1 of the walking machine and the guide depth-limiting mechanism 2 is equipped with a forward-extending support arm 3 whose lower end is hinged on the indexing center C. Center 0 is the crank 4 which is the center of rotation. The lower part of the walking machine (the position of the output shaft end of the gearbox) is hinged to support the inner end of the rocking bar 5 with O', and the hinge point of the inner end of the rocking bar 5 is located at the rear and lower part of the crank 4 rotation center. The rotation center O of the crank 4 is connected with the driving sprocket 7 installed on the indexing center C through a chain transmission, the outer end of the crank 4 is hinged with the upper end of the connecting rod 8, and the lower end of the connecting rod 8 is hinged with the outer end of the rocker 5 , thus forming a crank-rocker mechanism. The front side of connecting rod 8 is installed and contains the prying device 9 extending downwards hoe tooth 9-1.

In addition, an indexable hoe position support rod 11 is installed above the middle part of the frame of the traveling machine 12 to form a crank rocker mechanism with an adjustable crank rotation center. The upper end of the hoe position support rod 11 is supported on the bottom of the bearing seat 6 of the crank 4. When it is rotated clockwise, the bearing seat 6 can be raised, so that the prying device 9 can be lifted by means of the crank rocker mechanism, and the hoe teeth 9- 1 lift off the ground so that the walking machine 12 can move forward without hindrance. When the hoe position support rod 11 is rotated counterclockwise through manipulation, the bearing seat 6 is lowered and positioned, and the hoe teeth 9-1 of the prying device 9 are lowered to reach the working position for deep plowing. Obviously, the hoe position support rod 11 is adjusted The depth of tillage has an auxiliary effect. The frame on the frontmost side of walking machine 12 is fixed with the fender 10 that is positioned at prying over device 9 front top.

The specific structure of the prying device 9 is shown in Figures 3 and 4. The crank 4 is composed of a pair of crank throws respectively supported on the bearing seats 6 on both sides, and the rotating shaft of one crank throw is coaxially fixed with the driven sprocket 7'. . The outer ends of the two bell cranks are hinged with the upper hinge sleeves 8-1 of a pair of connecting rods 8 through the same pin shaft, and the two connecting rods 8 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 9-1 with a vertical long groove, and the prying device The shank of 9 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 9-1 by means of the fastener passing through the vertical slot, so its height position can be properly adjusted during installation. The lower ends of the two connecting rods 8 are respectively hinged with the outer ends of a pair of bow-shaped rockers 5, so that the wheel axle of the front wheel 1 is cleverly evacuated, and the structure of the whole mechanism on the walking machine is very compact. The lower end of prying device 9 shank bodies inserts the three-fork hoe tooth 9-1 that tooth tip is downward.

The specific structure of the single-wheel guide depth-limiting mechanism 2 is shown in Figures 5 and 6. It contains a vertical sleeve 2-2 with an internal thread at the rear end of the traveling machine 12 through a lower end plane bearing. Install the support rod 2-4 that is screwed with it by the screw mandrel section, the lower end of the support rod 2-4 supports the steering wheel 2-5 through the fork-shaped bracket, and the upper end of the support rod 2-4 and the extension sleeve 2-2 The rotating handle 2-1 is fixedly connected, and the sleeve outer wall is equipped with a support handle 2-3. Loosen the tightening handle and turn the handle to adjust the extension length of the lower end of the support rod, thereby changing the landing height of the steering wheel, and then using the front wheel as the fulcrum, with the leverage of the walking machine frame, to adjust the height of the prying device relative to the ground The purpose of the position is to realize the regulation of the plowing depth. After the adjustment is completed, lock the support handle so that the sleeve and the support rod are tightened, and the turning handle can be manipulated to conveniently realize the control of the traveling direction of the walking machine.

When it is necessary to plow the tea garden, the walking machine runs backwards, and the engine drives the crank and rocker mechanism through the reduction box and chain transmission, so that the hoe teeth move on the tilting motion track shown in Figure 7, and are continuously inserted into the ground, and then pass through The turning motion plows the soil. Specifically, when the high position is turned to the low position, the teeth of the three-toothed hoe go into the soil first. When the crank and the connecting rod are in a straight line and do not overlap, the teeth of the hoe go deep into the soil. During the positioning process, the hoe teeth turn the soil out in the opposite direction of machine movement. Afterwards, when the traveling machine is backing up, the moving track is shifted and repeated. As long as the walking machine’s retreating speed is in an appropriate proportion to the operation frequency of prying and turning the hoe teeth, the phenomenon of missing tillage or heavy tillage can be avoided, and efficient plowing and deep plowing can be continuously completed.

The test proves that because the small tea garden deep plowing machine of this embodiment has a breakthrough to replace the traditional forward plowing method with the forward receding tilting, and not only sets the single wheel guide limit which combines the plowing depth and steering in one according to the principle of leverage. Deep mechanism, and has multiple depth adjustment structures, so the structure of the whole machine is very compact, which can properly solve the difficult problem of mechanical deep plowing operations caused by inorganic plowing roads in hilly and mountainous tea gardens and the plowing depth is not up to standard. Deep plowing of tea gardens in hilly and mountainous areas Operation can significantly improve work efficiency and help to ensure the quality of rapid growth of tea trees in hilly and mountainous areas.

Claims (8)

1. A tea garden deep cultivator, comprising a front-wheel driven walking machine, characterized in that: the rear end of the walking machine is equipped with a single-wheel guide depth-limiting mechanism, and the middle part of the walking machine is equipped with a lower hinge support The forward-extending support arm at the indexing center, the upper end of the support arm is equipped with a crank supported on the bearing seat, the inner end of the rocker is hinged under the middle part of the walking machine, and the hinge fulcrum of the inner end of the rocker is located at the The rear and lower part of the crank rotation center, the rotation center of the crank is connected with the drive wheel installed in the indexing center, the outer end of the crank is hinged with the upper end of the connecting rod, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the rocker The outer end of the connecting rod is hinged, and the front side of the connecting rod is equipped with a prying device extending downwards with the hoe teeth. 2. The tea garden deep cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that: an indexable hoe support rod is installed above the middle part of the frame of the traveling machine, and the upper end of the hoe support rod is supported on the The bottom of the bearing housing of the crank. 3. The tea garden deep cultivator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the crank is composed of a pair of crank throws respectively supported on the bearing seats on both sides, and the rotating shaft of one crank throw is coaxially fixed with the driven sprocket . 4. The deep cultivator for tea gardens as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the outer ends of the two bell cranks are hinged to the upper hinge sleeves of a pair of connecting rods through the same pin shaft, and a vertical long groove is opened between the two connecting rods. The connecting plate is fixedly connected, and the handle of the prying device is fixedly connected with the connecting plate by means of fasteners passing through the vertical slot. 5. The tea garden deep cultivator according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lower ends of the two connecting rods are respectively hinged to the outer ends of a pair of bow-shaped rockers. 6. The deep cultivator for tea gardens as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the single-wheel guide depth-limiting mechanism contains a vertical sleeve with an internal thread arranged on the rear end of the traveling machine through a lower end plane bearing, and in the sleeve, Insert the support rod screwed with it through the screw mandrel section, the lower end of the support rod supports the steering wheel through the fork bracket, the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected with the handle protruding from the sleeve, and the sleeve The outer wall of the cylinder is equipped with a support handle. 7. The tea garden deep cultivator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the lower end of the handle body of the prying device is inserted with a three-pronged hoe with the tip facing downward. 8. The tea garden deep cultivator according to claim 7, characterized in that: the frame at the frontmost side of the traveling machine is fixed with a fender located at the front and upper part of the prying device.