CN204435430U - A kind of reverse row being applicable to upstream type Tailings Dam oozes system and upstream type Tailings Dam - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reverse seepage drainage system suitable for an upstream tailings pond and the upstream tailings pond, wherein the reverse seepage drainage system includes a seepage drainage blind ditch, a seepage collection well, an aqueduct pipe and a seepage discharge pipe, The seepage collection well is buried in the tailings pond along the vertical direction, and the seepage drainage blind ditch is arranged in the tailings pond with a certain slope; The blind ditch is radially arranged with the seepage well as the center; the bottom of the seepage well is connected with a reverse aqueduct, which is inclined from the downstream of the tailings pond to the upstream of the tailings pond, and the reverse aqueduct finally connects to Seepage outlet pipe. The upstream tailings pond of the utility model includes an initial stage dam and an accumulation dam. The aforementioned reverse seepage drainage system is arranged in the accumulation dam. The supporting prism of the tailings pond. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and convenient construction, can greatly reduce the infiltration line of the accumulated body area in front of the dam, and improve the stability of the dam body.

Description

A reverse seepage drainage system suitable for upstream tailings pond and upstream tailings pond

technical field

The utility model relates to a tailings pond and its drainage structure, in particular to an upstream tailings pond and a seepage drainage system applicable to the upstream tailings pond.

Background technique

The tailings pond is a place for storing metal and non-metallic mines for ore sorting and discharging tailings. The tailings dam is the peripheral structure of the tailings pond that blocks tailings and water. It usually refers to the initial dam 1 and tailings accumulation. The overall view of the dam 2 is shown in FIG. 1 . The initial dam 1 is built with soil, stone materials, etc., and is used as a dam for drainage or support of the tailings accumulation dam 2 . Accumulation dam 2 refers to the dam formed by accumulation of tailings during the production process. At a certain accumulation elevation, the surface layer of the sedimentary body formed by hydraulic alluvial tailings is the sedimentary beach surface 7 of the accumulation elevation, and the crest of the sub-dam 3 corresponding to the accumulation elevation is the accumulation dam crest of the accumulation elevation. The crest axis of the dam 3 is the crest axis 8 of the accumulation level, which is a straight line on the cross-sectional view and a plane in three-dimensional space, which is parallel to the initial dam 1. As the accumulation elevation increases, the sediment beach 7 rises layer by layer, and the axis 8 of the accumulation dam crest moves upstream step by step. The tailings dam needs to be equipped with a drainage system to reduce the infiltration line in the accumulation area in front of the dam and ensure the safe operation of the tailings dam.

About 90% of tailings dams in my country's metallurgical mines adopt the upstream damming method, that is, the damming method of accumulating tailings in the upstream direction of the initial dam 1, which is characterized in that the accumulation dam crest axis 8 moves upstream step by step. As for the upstream damming method, more seepage drainage systems are currently used or the horizontal drainage method. The accumulation dam 2 is formed on the initial dam 1, and the seepage blind ditch 5 parallel to the axis 8 of the accumulation dam crest and the drainage blind ditch 5 perpendicular to the accumulation dam are formed. The aqueduct 6 on the top axis 8 forms the horizontal seepage drainage system of the dam body. The blind drainage ditch 5 generally adopts a soft filter pipe, the aqueduct 6 generally adopts a UPVC pipe or a PE pipe, and the slope surface is protected by vegetation, as shown in Figure 1 , the seepage discharge direction is downstream, and the seepage body force points to the downstream direction. The conventional horizontal seepage drainage system does not require manpower and mechanical forced pumping, and can drain seepage by itself. The construction is simple and the investment is small. The use of flexible pipes can adapt to the uneven deformation after tailings deposition, but there is a problem of silting in the long-term seepage drainage of the filter pipe. , In the later stage of operation, the drainage effect is limited, and the depth of the infiltration line is not large. According to statistics, about 1/4 of tailings dam failure accidents are caused by the failure of seepage control.

It can be seen that the existing conventional horizontal seepage drainage system is not enough to meet the seepage drainage requirements of the upstream dam construction method. In order to improve the stability of the upstream tailings pond, it is necessary for us to further improve the seepage drainage system and method.

Radiation drainage is a kind of drainage method used in China at present. This technology was first used as a water collection measure for radial water intake wells, and was later introduced into tailings ponds as a precipitation measure. The radial seepage drainage system is composed of a radiation well 10, a plurality of water filter pipes 9 and a water guide and outlet pipe 11 leading to the accumulation dam slope. Multiple layers can be set up if necessary. The seepage water in the tailings dam converges to the water filter pipe 9 under the action of the water head, and flows into the radiation well 10 through the water filter pipe 9. The radiation well 10 collects the seepage water of each radiation water filter pipe 9, and then is discharged out of the dam by the water guide pipe 11. The seepage principle is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. This seepage drainage method is often used in the reconstruction of old reservoirs. In order to strengthen the seepage drainage of old reservoirs, construction is carried out in existing tailings reservoirs. The radiation well 10 generally adopts a reinforced concrete structure, and the water filter pipe 9 generally adopts a hard pipe because it needs to extend from the radiation well 10 to the existing accumulation dam 2 . This method has the advantages of simple principle, obvious effect, and low maintenance and management costs in the later period, but the construction is difficult and the cost is difficult to control.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a reverse seepage drainage system suitable for upstream tailings ponds with simple structure and convenient construction, which can greatly reduce the soaking line and improve the stability of the dam body and correspondingly provide an upstream tailings pond containing the reverse seepage drainage system.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the utility model is a reverse seepage drainage system suitable for upstream tailings ponds. and seepage outlet pipes, the seepage collection well is buried in the tailings pond along the vertical direction; the seepage blind ditch slopes to the seepage collection well and communicates with the seepage collection well; the bottom of the seepage collection well is located in the tailings pond The upstream side of the reverse water guide pipe is connected to one end of the reverse water guide pipe, and the other end of the reverse water guide pipe is connected to the seepage water outlet pipe. The reverse water guide pipe is inclined from the downstream of the tailings pond to the upstream direction.

In the above-mentioned reverse seepage drainage system of the present invention, preferably, the seepage collection blind ditch is arranged in layers along the sedimentary beach surface with different accumulation heights, and each layer is provided with multiple strips, and the seepage collection blind ditch slopes toward all the upstream Set seepage well.

In the above-mentioned reverse seepage drainage system of the present invention, preferably, the seepage collection blind ditch located in the same elevation plane is radially arranged with the seepage collection well as the center.

In the above-mentioned reverse seepage drainage system of the utility model, preferably, the seepage collection blind ditch is mainly composed of a soft filter pipe, a geotextile and a gravel protective layer from the inside to the outside, and its slope direction is in line with the sedimentary beach of the tailings pond. Consistent.

As a general technical concept, the utility model also provides an upstream tailings pond, the upstream tailings pond includes an initial dam and an accumulation dam located upstream of the initial dam, the accumulation dam is provided with the above-mentioned The reverse seepage drainage system, the reverse seepage drainage system is arranged in the accumulation dam near the initial dam at the bottom of the tailings pond, and the accumulation dam area where the reverse seepage drainage system is located is set to be used after fully draining the seepage water To support the supporting prism of the tailings pond.

In the above-mentioned upstream tailings pond of the utility model, preferably, the bottom of the upstream reservoir of the seepage collection well is buried with a seepage interception facility, and the seepage outlet pipe is buried in the seepage interception facility, and the seepage interception facility and The seepage outlet pipe is arranged along a direction parallel to the slope axis at the vertical elevation of the seepage interception facility, and the reverse water guide pipe is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the seepage interception facility.

In the above-mentioned upstream tailings pond of the utility model, preferably, the seepage intercepting facility is a seepage intercepting dam, an intercepting seepage wall, or a combination of a seepage intercepting dam and an intercepting seepage wall.

In the above-mentioned upstream tailings pond of the utility model, preferably, an upper seepage drainage system is provided in the accumulation dam above the reverse seepage drainage system, and the upper seepage drainage system includes different elevations along the accumulation dam. Multiple aqueducts and multiple seepage blind ditches are arranged in each layer, and each layer is equipped with multiple aqueducts and a seepage blind ditch, and each seepage blind ditch is parallel to the axis of the accumulation dam crest in the same elevation plane Arrangement, each aqueduct is arranged in the same elevation plane along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the accumulation dam crest, and each aqueduct is connected with the seepage blind ditch located in the same elevation plane, and each aqueduct is from the upstream of the tailings pond to the The downstream direction is inclined, and the seepage blind ditch will eventually guide the seepage to the drainage facilities on the slope of the dam slope.

The above-mentioned technical solution of the utility model is mainly based on the following principles and ideas: in the initial stage of operation of the tailings pond, the supporting prism is mainly formed, which is a critical period related to the stability of the dam body. Considering the important influence of the supporting prism on the stability of the dam body, the reverse seepage drainage system of the present invention is constructed on the supporting prism, mainly including radial seepage collection blind ditch, seepage collection well, reverse water guide pipe, seepage outlet pipe, etc. , and seepage interception facilities can also be set up according to actual needs. The difference between the utility model and the existing radiation well drainage is: first, the drainage system of the utility model has a slope to the upstream, collects the seepage water of the dam body through the seepage collecting blind ditch and the collecting seepage well, and then passes through the reverse water guide pipe and parallel to the The seepage outlet pipe on the axis of the accumulation dam crest leads the seepage out of the dam. Second, the construction methods of the seepage collection well and the collection seepage blind ditch are different from the radiation well and the radiation filter pipe, the materials used are different, and the application objects are different. Radiation well drainage is completed in one-time construction in the existing dam body. Since the radiation well is constructed in the existing dam body, the radiation filter must use hard pipes to go deep into the dam body to collect seepage, such as steel pipes, so as to reduce (old) tailings. The purpose of the mine pool infiltration line. The seepage collection well and the collection seepage blind ditch of the utility model are combined with the production and operation of the tailings pond, and the construction is carried out step by step. Construction, the seepage collection blind ditch is composed of soft filter pipes, geotextiles and gravel protection layer from the inside to the outside. The uneven settlement, convenient construction, and small excavation volume are mainly used to improve the seepage drainage of the newly built tailings pond. Third, set seepage intercepting facilities at the bottom of the tailings pond, and form the tailings pond into two sections, upstream and downstream. system, which strengthens the seepage drainage in this area and accelerates the consolidation of tailings in this area. The tailings pond in the upstream section adopts seepage interception facilities and a positive slope drainage system of "seepage blind ditch + aqueduct". The combined seepage drainage methods constitute a three-dimensional tailings pond drainage system, which improves the safety and stability of the entire dam body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

1. The utility model adopts the reverse seepage drainage system of the utility model in the upstream tailings pond, so that the seepage water at the bottom of the tailings pond can be drained as soon as possible to form a supporting prism. The wetting line in the accumulation dam of the tailings pond is lowered so that the wetting line of the supporting prism is basically close to the surface, so as to facilitate the rapid consolidation of this part of the supporting prism and provide a more stable and reliable supporting prism for the subsequent dam.

2. The utility model arranges seepage intercepting facilities at a suitable upstream position in the upstream tailings pond to cut off the seepage water upstream of the tailings pond and prevent the seepage water upstream of the tailings pond from supplying the supporting prism at the bottom of the downstream, thereby providing The rapid consolidation of the support prisms provides more favorable conditions.

3. Since the tailings accumulation body in the lower part of the tailings pond is a key part that affects the stability of the dam body, by adopting the seepage drainage system of the utility model, the infiltration line can be reduced, creating ample consolidation for the lower tailings accumulation body. Favorable conditions; at the same time, compared with conventional tailings ponds, the pore water pressure decreases and the effective stress increases, so the anti-sliding ability of the supporting prism has been greatly improved, which will be more conducive to ensuring the sufficient stability of the tailings pond dam .

4. Different from the downstream seepage drainage of the conventional seepage drainage system, the reverse seepage drainage system of the present invention guides (drains) the seepage upstream, and the seepage drainage path is "seepage collection blind ditch→seepage collection well→reverse water guide pipe→water seepage Outlet Tube". When the dam crest discharges ore at the initial stage of tailings pond operation, the seepage collection blind ditch of the reverse seepage drainage system of the utility model can be excavated along the beach surface, which is convenient for excavation and has a small amount of excavation work. In addition, the reverse seepage drainage system of the utility model can reverse the flow direction of seepage water in the area where it is located from downstream to upstream, so that the seepage body force points to the upstream, which will further improve the stability of the dam to a certain extent .

To sum up, the reverse seepage drainage system applicable to the upstream tailings pond of the present utility model is not only simple in structure and convenient in construction, but also greatly beneficial to reducing the infiltration line and improving the stability of the dam body, which is suitable for the upstream type The wide application of tailings ponds provides better premise and operating conditions, which is of great significance to the stable and safe operation of tailings ponds.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the horizontal seepage drainage system in the existing upstream dam construction method.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram (section) of seepage drainage of an existing radiation well type seepage drainage system.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram (plan layout) of the existing radiant well type seepage drainage system.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upstream tailings pond in an embodiment of the utility model (including the seepage drainage system of the utility model).

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the structure type of the seepage interception dam selected for the seepage interception facility in the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the cut-off wall structure selected for the seepage interception facility in the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the combined structure of the seepage interception dam and the seepage interception wall selected for the seepage interception facility in the embodiment of the utility model.

illustration:

1. Initial dam; 2. Accumulation dam; 3. Sub-dam; 4. Soaking line; 5. Drainage blind ditch; 6. Aqueduct; 7. Deposition beach surface; ; 9. Water filter pipe; 10. Radiation well; 11. Water guide and outlet pipe; 21. Blind ditch for collecting seepage;

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of the utility model, the utility model will be described more comprehensively and in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terminology used herein is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

Example:

An upstream tailings pond of the utility model as shown in Figure 4, the upstream tailings pond includes an initial dam 1 and an accumulation dam 2 located upstream of the initial dam 1, and the accumulation dam 2 is provided with the reverse Seepage drainage system, the reverse seepage drainage system is arranged in the accumulation dam 2 near the initial dam 1 at the bottom of the tailings pond. The supporting prism of the mine storehouse. The upstream tailings dam is a key part affecting the stability of the tailings pond in the accumulation dam 2 area close to the initial dam 1. In this embodiment, under the premise of setting a reverse seepage drainage system, the tailings accumulation body in the lower part of this area is fully Drainage forms a supporting prism, which greatly improves the stability of the dam body.

The reverse seepage drainage system in this embodiment includes a seepage collection blind ditch 21, a seepage collection well 22, a reverse aqueduct 23 and a seepage outlet pipe 24, and the seepage collection well 22 is buried vertically in the tailings pond. The collection and seepage blind ditch 21 in this embodiment is mainly composed of soft filter pipes, geotextiles and gravel protection layers from the inside to the outside, which are arranged in layers along different elevations. Ascending and constructing layer by layer, the seepage collection blind ditches 21 of each layer are arranged in a semicircular radial pattern with the seepage collection well 22 as the center; In addition, the seepage collection blind ditch 21 in this embodiment is inclined from the downstream of the tailings pond to the upstream direction, which is consistent with the slope of the sedimentary beach 7, which is beneficial to reduce the amount of excavation. The bottom of the seepage collection well 22 is located on the upstream side of the tailings pond and is connected to one end of the reverse aqueduct 23. The reverse aqueduct 23 is inclined to the upstream direction of the tailings pond, and the other end is connected to the seepage outlet pipe 24, and the seepage is finally drawn out through the seepage Pipe 24 leads out of the dam.

In the upstream tailings pond of the present embodiment, the seepage outlet pipe 24 is also provided with an intercepting seepage facility 25, and the seepage outlet pipe 24 is buried in the seepage intercepting facility 25, and the seepage intercepting facility 25 and the seepage outlet pipe 24 are parallel to the The direction of the slope axis 81 at the vertical elevation of the seepage interception facility is arranged. The seepage interception facility 25 is organically combined with the reverse seepage drainage system, and the seepage discharge pipe 24 is used for drainage, which enhances the seepage interception effect of the seepage interception facility 25 . When limited by topography, geology and other conditions, the seepage interception facility 25 can also be independently installed at a suitable position upstream of the reverse seepage drainage system. The seepage interception facility 25 in this embodiment may be a seepage interception dam as shown in FIG. 5 , a seepage interception wall as shown in FIG. 6 , or a combination of a seepage interception dam and an interception wall as shown in FIG. 7 .

The seepage drainage path of the above-mentioned reverse seepage drainage system is "seepage collection blind ditch 21 → seepage collection well 22 → reverse aqueduct 23 → seepage outlet pipe 24". The radial seepage collection blind ditch 21 ensures the maximum collection of seepage water, Collected into the seepage collection well 22, and led into the seepage outlet pipe 24 by the reverse water guide pipe 23 at the bottom, the seepage water is discharged from the downstream of the tailings pond to the upstream by gravity, and finally discharged to the outside of the dam; the seepage water located upstream of the seepage interception facility 25 passes through the interception The infiltration facility 25 collects, and discharges to the outside of the dam through the seepage outlet pipe 24 in the seepage interception facility 25, reducing the infiltration line 4. The seepage outlet pipe 24 is combined with the seepage interception facility 25, so that the seepage drainage function of the reverse seepage drainage system and the seepage interception function of the seepage interception facility 25 are simultaneously improved to ensure the stability of the dam body.

In the upstream tailings pond of this embodiment, the accumulation dam 2 above the reverse seepage drainage system is provided with an upper seepage drainage system, and the upper seepage drainage adopts a horizontal seepage drainage system, which specifically includes a plurality of seepage drainage blind ditches 5 and a plurality of One aqueduct 6, a plurality of drainage blind ditches 5 and a plurality of aqueducts 6 are arranged in layers along different elevations, and each layer is provided with a plurality of aqueducts 6 and a drainage blind ditch 5, and each drainage blind ditch 5 Arranged along the direction parallel to the axis 8 of the accumulation dam crest at the same elevation level, each aqueduct 6 is arranged along the direction perpendicular to the axis 8 of the accumulation dam crest at the same elevation level, and each aqueduct 6 is connected to the seepage blind ditch at the same elevation level 5 are connected, and each aqueduct 6 is inclined from the upstream of the tailings pond to the downstream direction and finally guides to the drainage facilities on the slope of the dam slope. In the upstream tailings pond of this embodiment, the engineering quantity in the infrastructure phase is mainly the initial dam 1, the seepage interception facility 25 and the bottom-layer facilities of the seepage drainage system. As the tailings accumulate to form the beach, the radial collection and seepage blind ditch 21 and the collection and seepage well 22 can be constructed layer by layer. Arranged according to the conventional horizontal drainage system.

Claims (8)

1. A reverse seepage drainage system suitable for upstream tailings ponds, characterized in that: the reverse seepage drainage system includes a seepage collection blind ditch, a seepage collection well, a reverse water guide pipe and a seepage outlet pipe, and the collection The seepage well is buried in the tailings pond along the vertical direction; the seepage blind ditch faces the seepage well and communicates with the seepage well; the bottom of the seepage well is located on the upstream side of the tailings pond and connects to the reverse One end of the water guide pipe and the other end of the reverse water guide pipe are in communication with the seepage water outlet pipe, and the reverse water guide pipe is inclined from the downstream of the tailings pond to the upstream direction. 2. The reverse seepage drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seepage collection blind ditch is arranged in layers along the sedimentary beaches of different accumulation heights, and each layer is provided with multiple strips, and the seepage collection blind ditch slope direction The seepage collection well. 3. The reverse seepage drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the seepage collection blind ditch located in the same elevation plane is radially arranged with the seepage collection well as the center. 4. The reverse seepage drainage system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the seepage collection blind ditch is mainly composed of a soft filter pipe, a geotextile and a protective layer of gravel from the inside to the outside. The slope aspect is consistent with the sedimentary beach of the tailings pond. 5. An upstream tailings pond, said upstream tailings pond comprising an initial dam and an accumulation dam positioned upstream of the initial dam, characterized in that said accumulation dam is provided with any one of claims 1 to 4 The above-mentioned reverse seepage drainage system, the reverse seepage drainage system is arranged in the accumulation dam near the initial dam at the bottom of the tailings pond, and the accumulation dam area where the reverse seepage drainage system is located is set so that after the seepage is fully drained The supporting prism used to support the tailings pond. 6. The upstream tailings pond according to claim 5, characterized in that a seepage interception facility is buried at the bottom of the upstream reservoir of the seepage collection well, and the seepage outlet pipe is buried in the seepage interception facility, and the The seepage interception facilities and seepage outlet pipes are arranged along the direction parallel to the slope axis at the vertical elevation of the seepage interception facilities, and the reverse water guide pipes are arranged along a direction perpendicular to the seepage interception facilities. 7. The upstream tailings pond according to claim 6, wherein the seepage interception facility is a seepage cutoff wall, a seepage cutoff dam, or a combination of a seepage cutoff dam and a seepage cutoff wall. 8. The upstream tailings pond according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that an upper seepage drainage system is provided in the accumulation dam above the reverse seepage drainage system, and the upper seepage drainage system The system includes multiple aqueducts and multiple seepage blind ditches arranged in layers along different elevations of the accumulation dam. Each layer is equipped with multiple aqueducts and a seepage blind ditch. Arranged parallel to the axis of the accumulation dam crest, each aqueduct is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the accumulation dam crest in the same elevation plane, and each aqueduct is connected with the seepage blind ditch located in the same elevation plane, each aqueduct is Sloping from the upstream to the downstream of the tailings pond, each seepage blind ditch will guide the seepage to the drainage facilities on the slope of the dam slope.