CN204434544U - Rotating bed pyrolysis oven and pyrolysis system - Google Patents
Rotating bed pyrolysis oven and pyrolysis system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204434544U CN204434544U CN201420845438.5U CN201420845438U CN204434544U CN 204434544 U CN204434544 U CN 204434544U CN 201420845438 U CN201420845438 U CN 201420845438U CN 204434544 U CN204434544 U CN 204434544U
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Abstract
The utility model proposes rotating bed pyrolysis oven and pyrolysis system, wherein, pyrolysis system comprises: rotating bed pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis solids treatment device, cooling and refining plant, storage tank and heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, have rotatable in rotating bed pyrolysis oven, for holding the cloth tray of pyrolysis feed, cloth tray will be separated into the pyrolysis chamber be positioned at above cloth tray in rotating bed pyrolysis oven, be positioned at the heat supply chamber below cloth tray, wherein, cloth tray has the through hole of multiple connection pyrolysis chamber and heat supply chamber, heat supply chamber has hot air intake, pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed, air outlet and solid outlet, heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger is connected with the hot air intake of refining plant with rotating bed pyrolysis oven with cooling respectively.Adopt the pyrolysis system of the utility model above-described embodiment can significantly improve pyrolysis efficiency and the degree of pyrolysis of pyrolysis material thus.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to pyrolysis art, and specifically, the utility model relates to a kind of rotating bed pyrolysis oven and pyrolysis system.
Background technology
Pyrolytic technique is that organism is heated to 500 ~ 1000 DEG C under the state of anaerobic or anoxic, make solid carbon thing (coal, biomass, rubbish, junked tire, waste and old organism, organic sludge etc.), be converted into based on the depot energy of combustion gas (pyrolysis gas), oil fuel and pyrolytic carbon.With in gas heating pyrolytic technique, multiplex high-temperature flue gas directly enters in pyrolysis oven as heating carrier and conducts heat through material bed realizations, is back to use in pyrolytic process mentions as the technology of gas heating carrier is rare for product pyrolysis gas.
Utility model content
The utility model is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, it is high that an object of the present utility model is to propose a kind of pyrolysis efficiency, the rotating bed pyrolysis oven that energy consumption is low and pyrolysis system.
According to the pyrolysis system of the utility model embodiment, comprise: rotating bed pyrolysis oven, described rotating bed pyrolysis oven is suitable for carrying out pyrolysis processing to described pyrolysis feed, and have rotatable in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven, for holding the cloth tray of described pyrolysis feed, described cloth tray will be separated into the pyrolysis chamber be positioned at above described cloth tray in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven, be positioned at the heat supply chamber below described cloth tray, wherein, described cloth tray has the through hole of the described pyrolysis chamber of multiple connection and heat supply chamber, described heat supply chamber has hot air intake, described pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed, air outlet and solid outlet, pyrolysis solids treatment device, described pyrolysis solids treatment device is connected with described solid outlet, cooling and refining plant, described cooling is connected with described air outlet with refining plant, the oil gas product produced in described pyrolysis chamber is carried out gas-oil separation obtain oil and non-condensable gas, storage tank, described storage tank is connected with refining plant with described cooling, heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, described heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger is connected with the hot air intake of refining plant with described rotating bed pyrolysis oven with described cooling respectively, after being heated by described non-condensable gas, be used for described pyrolysis processing.
According to the pyrolysis system of the utility model embodiment, wherein rotating bed pyrolysis oven adopts the method for gas heat supply, first hot gas enters in the heat supply chamber of cloth tray bottom from hot air intake, secondly, hot gas enters multiple through holes cloth tray from the bottom even of cloth tray, and through the pyrolysis feed layer in cloth tray, contact heat-exchanging abundant with pyrolysis feed, pyrolysis feed issues raw pyrolytic reaction at the environment of starvation thus.Thus, the rotating bed pyrolysis oven with said structure adopts gas heating mode, and make hot gas make pyrolysis feed reach pyrolysis temperature from the bottom penetrator bed of material of pyrolysis feed layer, hot gas can be made thus fully to contact with the inner raw material of the layer of pyrolysis feed layer, the contact area of further raising thermal source and pyrolysis feed, thus the degree of being heated evenly improving pyrolysis feed.Therefore, the pyrolysis system of the utility model above-described embodiment is adopted can to improve pyrolysis efficiency and the degree of pyrolysis of pyrolysis material.
In addition, according to pyrolysis system of the present utility model, also there is following additional technical feature:
Particularly, described heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger comprises: insulation shell, is limited with chamber in described housing, and described housing has the first entrance, the first outlet, the second entrance and the second outlet, dividing plate, described dividing plate to be located in described chamber and described chamber is separated into accumulation of heat chamber and heat release chamber, heat storage, described heat storage is located at the middle part of described heat release chamber and the middle part of accumulation of heat chamber, described second outlet is formed at the top of described heat release chamber, described second entrance is formed at the bottom of described heat release chamber, combustion chamber is formed at the top of described accumulation of heat chamber, combustion chamber and the first entrance conducting, first outlet is formed at the bottom of described accumulation of heat chamber, wherein, described first entrance and described cooling are connected with refining plant with non-condensable gas described in receiving unit, described second entrance is connected to accept non-condensable gas described in another part with refining plant with cooling, described second outlet is connected with described hot air intake.Adopt above-mentioned heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger can significantly improve heat exchange efficiency between gas.
Further, described pyrolysis system also comprises pretreatment unit, and described pretreatment unit is suitable for treating pyrolysis material to carry out processing to obtain pyrolysis feed.
Further, described pyrolysis system also comprises smoke eliminator and chimney, and described smoke eliminator and described first exports and is connected; Described chimney is connected with described smoke eliminator.Avoid the direct exhaust emission environment of flue gas thus.
Preferentially, the through hole in described cloth tray is circular hole and/or fin square hole, and wherein, the diameter of described circular hole is 2 ~ 6 millimeters, and the long limit of described fin square hole is 10 ~ 15 millimeters, broadside is 3 ~ 5 millimeters.What can significantly improve hot gas thus passes the efficiency passed through, and then the heat transfer effect of raising and pyrolysis feed.
In embodiments more of the present utility model, the temperature of carrying out pyrolysis processing in described pyrolysis chamber is 480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius.Pyrolysis efficiency and Thermalysis mass can be significantly improved thus.
According to second aspect of the present utility model, the utility model also proposed a kind of rotating bed pyrolysis oven, described rotating bed pyrolysis oven is suitable for carrying out pyrolysis processing to described pyrolysis feed, and have in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven rotatable, for holding the cloth tray of described pyrolysis feed, described cloth tray is positioned at be separated in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven in pyrolysis chamber above described cloth tray, be positioned at heat supply chamber below described cloth tray
Wherein, described cloth tray has the through hole of the described pyrolysis chamber of multiple connection and heat supply chamber,
Described heat supply chamber has hot air intake,
Described pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed, air outlet and solid outlet.
Further, the circular ring that described cloth tray is arranged horizontally, the circular cavity that described heat supply chamber is arranged horizontally.
Further, the through hole in described cloth tray is circular hole and/or fin square hole, and wherein, the diameter of described circular hole is 2 ~ 6 millimeters, and the long limit of described fin square hole is 10 ~ 15 millimeters, broadside is 3 ~ 5 millimeters.
Further, described hot air intake is multiple, and described multiple hot air intake is evenly distributed on the diapire of heat supply chamber.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pyrolysis system according to the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the rotating bed pyrolysis oven according to the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cloth tray in the rotating bed pyrolysis oven according to the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger according to the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the pyrolysis system according to another embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the schema adopting the pyrolysis system of the utility model embodiment to carry out method for pyrolysis.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiment of the present utility model, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the utility model, and can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
In description of the present utility model, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the utility model and simplified characterization for convenience of description, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise one or more these features.In description of the present utility model, the implication of " multiple " is two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood as the case may be.
In the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
According to an aspect of the present utility model, the utility model proposes a kind of pyrolysis system.According to the pyrolysis system of the utility model embodiment, comprise: rotating bed pyrolysis oven, rotating bed pyrolysis oven is suitable for carrying out pyrolysis processing to described pyrolysis feed, and have in rotating bed pyrolysis oven rotatable, for holding the cloth tray of pyrolysis feed, cloth tray is positioned at be separated in rotating bed pyrolysis oven in pyrolysis chamber above cloth tray, be positioned at heat supply chamber below cloth tray, wherein, cloth tray has the through hole of multiple connection pyrolysis chamber and heat supply chamber, heat supply chamber has hot air intake, and pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed, air outlet and solid outlet; Pyrolysis solids treatment device, pyrolysis solids treatment device is connected with solid outlet; Cooling and refining plant, cooling is connected with air outlet with refining plant, the oil gas product produced in pyrolysis chamber is carried out gas-oil separation obtain oil and non-condensable gas; Storage tank, storage tank is connected with refining plant with cooling; Heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger is connected with the hot air intake of refining plant with rotating bed pyrolysis oven with cooling respectively, after being heated by non-condensable gas, be used for pyrolysis processing.
According to the pyrolysis system of the utility model embodiment, wherein rotating bed pyrolysis oven adopts the method for gas heat supply, first hot gas enters in the heat supply chamber of cloth tray bottom from hot air intake, secondly, hot gas enters multiple through holes cloth tray from the bottom even of cloth tray, and through the pyrolysis feed layer in cloth tray, contact heat-exchanging abundant with pyrolysis feed, pyrolysis feed issues raw pyrolytic reaction at the environment of starvation thus.Thus, the rotating bed pyrolysis oven with said structure adopts gas heating mode, hot gas can be made to make pyrolysis feed reach pyrolysis temperature from the bottom penetrator bed of material of pyrolysis feed layer, hot gas can be made thus fully to contact with the inner raw material of the layer of pyrolysis feed layer, the contact area of further raising thermal source and pyrolysis feed, thus the degree of being heated evenly improving pyrolysis feed.Therefore, the pyrolysis system of the utility model above-described embodiment is adopted can to improve pyrolysis efficiency and the degree of pyrolysis of pyrolysis material.
The pyrolysis system 100 of the utility model above-described embodiment is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 5.This pyrolysis system 100 is adopted to become solid matter as useful products such as carbon black, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas complete for waste materials containing carbon pyrolysis.
According to the pyrolysis system 100 of the utility model embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: rotating bed pyrolysis oven 10, pyrolysis solids treatment device 20, cooling and refining plant 30, storage tank 40, heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 2, have in rotating bed pyrolysis oven 10 rotatable, for holding the cloth tray 11 of pyrolysis feed, cloth tray is positioned at be separated in rotating bed pyrolysis oven in pyrolysis chamber 12 above cloth tray, be positioned at heat supply chamber 13 below cloth tray.The circular ring that cloth tray is arranged horizontally, the circular cavity that heat supply chamber is arranged horizontally, wherein, cloth tray 11 as shown in Figure 3 has the through hole 111 of multiple connection pyrolysis chamber and heat supply chamber, heat supply chamber there is hot air intake 14, described hot air intake 14 is multiple, is evenly distributed on the diapire of heat supply chamber, and pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed (not shown), air outlet 15 and solid outlet (not shown); Pyrolysis solids treatment device 20 is connected with solid outlet (not shown).According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned rotating bed pyrolysis oven 10 is suitable for carrying out pyrolysis processing to pyrolysis feed.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the through hole 111 in above-mentioned rotating bed pyrolysis oven 10 in cloth tray 11 can be circular hole and/or fin square hole.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the diameter of circular hole can be 2 ~ 6 millimeters, and the long limit of fin square hole can be 10 ~ 15 millimeters, broadside can be 3 ~ 5 millimeters.Therefore by adopting the through hole with above-mentioned size can prevent pyrolysis feed from draining in heat supply chamber, hot gas can be significantly improved simultaneously and enter speed in pyrolysis chamber, and then improving hot gas to the heating efficiency of pyrolysis material, improving pyrolysis efficiency.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, cloth tray preferably has aperture and is preferably the stainless steel plate that the circular hole of 4 millimeters and aperture are the fin square hole (not providing in figure) of 3 millimeters * 12 millimeters.Advantageously bottom cloth tray, the hot gas of 550 ~ 800 degrees Celsius is directly contacted with the material in cloth tray by circular hole and/or fin square hole thus.In cloth tray, the selection of through-hole aperture size should be conducive to gas by pyrolysis feed layer and effectively avoid pyrolysis feed to be fallen heat supply chamber under cloth tray by this hole.Therefore, in cloth tray, the selection of through-hole aperture size determined by pyrolysis feed granular size, the selection gist of pyrolysis feed grain diameter obtained by actual production, when after material particular diameter is greater than 30 millimeters, the pyrolysis in 2 hours of material difficulty is saturating, when material particular diameter is less than 5 millimeters, individual layer material pyrolysis time is short, but fabric thickness is limited, because the thicker bed of material makes bed of material air resistance bigger than normal, unfavorable gas passes, and is also unfavorable for the pyrolysis of upper materials.Therefore, pyrolysis feed optimum grain-diameter is 5 ~ 30 millimeters, and fabric thickness is preferably 50 ~ 400 millimeters, and in the cloth tray of rotating bed pyrolysis oven, to be the circular hole of 4 millimeters and/or aperture be through hole that the fin square hole of 3 millimeters * 12 millimeters is best.Pyrolysis efficiency can be significantly improved thus.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the temperature being provided to the hot gas in heat supply chamber can be 550 ~ 850 degrees Celsius, can provide enough heats thus to pyrolysis feed and pyrolysis chamber, and then improves pyrolysis efficiency.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the temperature of carrying out pyrolysis processing in pyrolysis chamber is 480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius.Therefore, temperature is provided to be that hot gas to the heat supply chamber of 550 ~ 850 degrees Celsius effectively can ensure that pyrolysis feed reaches 480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius of concurrent raw pyrolytic reactions.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned rotating bed pyrolysis oven take hot gas as thermal source, and from the type of heating that the bottom of pyrolysis feed is passed, the contact area of hot gas and pyrolysis feed can be significantly improved thus, especially can contact with the pyrolysis feed of pyrolysis feed layer inside, improve the degree of being heated evenly of pyrolysis feed, therefore, adopt the rotating bed pyrolysis oven with said structure feature can significantly improve pyrolysis efficiency.
Pyrolysis system according to the utility model above-described embodiment can also comprise: cooling and refining plant 30, storage tank 40.Cooling is connected with air outlet 15 with refining plant 30, the oil gas product produced in pyrolysis chamber is carried out gas-oil separation obtain oil and non-condensable gas; Storage tank 40 is connected with refining plant 30 with cooling, for storing the oil being separated and obtaining.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the oil gas product that in rotating bed pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis produces is discharged from the air outlet of pyrolysis chamber roof and is entered in cooling and refining plant 30, oil after cooling in oil gas product defines liquid oils and non-condensable gas, be separated by oil gas product thus, liquid oils is stored in storage tank 40.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, pyrolysis system can also comprise: heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50, heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 is connected with the hot air intake 14 of rotating bed pyrolysis oven 10 with refining plant 30 with cooling respectively, after being heated by non-condensable gas, be used for pyrolysis processing.Therefore, return for pyrolytic reaction after the non-condensable gas that can be produced pyrolysis by heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 is heated.Adopt the pyrolysis system of the utility model above-described embodiment to significantly improve energy utilization rate thus, reduce pyrolysis energy consumption.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 specifically comprises following assemblies: insulation shell 51, housing has the first entrance 52, second entrance 53, first outlet 54 and the second outlet 55, first entrance 52 is connected with receiving unit non-condensable gas with cooling with refining plant 30, second entrance 53 is connected to accept another part non-condensable gas with refining plant 40 with cooling, second outlet 55 is connected with hot air intake 14, one or more pairs of heat storage 56, multipair heat storage is positioned at housing 51; Combustion chamber 57, combustion chamber is positioned at described insulation shell and closes on described first entrance, and combustion chamber is suitable for the burning of part non-condensable gas.
Thus, first entrance 52 (high-temperature flue gas entry) front end of above-mentioned heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 has combustion chamber 57, pyrolysis produce the part non-condensable gas that obtains can directly in combustion chamber 57 burning produce high-temperature flue gas and enter heat storage 56 heat exchange, also combustible gas can be provided to replace non-condensable gas to burn in combustion chamber 57 as combustion gas by the external world to obtain high-temperature flue gas, can also directly provide high-temperature flue gas to enter heat storage 56 heat exchange by the external world.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the specific works principle of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 as shown in Figure 5, when heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 runs, heat storage 56 is axle rotary motion longitudinally, other each equipment transfixions, part non-condensable gas from the first entrance 52 enter combustion chamber 57 combustion and by heat storage 56 time, heat storage 56 starts accumulation of heat, heat storage 56 constantly heats up, when the heat storage 56 after accumulation of heat heats up rotates to opposite side, another part non-condensable gas of normal temperature enters heat storage 56 from opposite side second entrance 53, non-condensable gas is by heat storage 56 process, heat exchange is carried out with heat storage 56, normal temperature non-condensable gas constantly heats up, finally leave heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 from the second outlet 55 to enter in rotating bed pyrolysis oven for pyrolysis.With heat storage 56 longitudinally axle continuous rotation rotation, combustion parts non-condensable gas and another normal temperature non-condensable gas reach Continuous Heat Transfer effect.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the part non-condensable gas of burning also directly can release heat by outer for high-temperature flue gas is alternative, or is substituted for inflammable gas by outer, after burning, release heat.Therefore, above-mentioned heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 pairs of non-condensable gases adaptability of carrying out preheating is stronger.
In addition, adopt above-mentioned heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger also can add corresponding catalyzer as requested in heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, the one-tenth changing non-condensable gas gas assigns to meet pyrolysis requirement, also directly can carry out denitration process to flue gas, reduces back segment operation cost of investment.
Thus, by adopting above-mentioned heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 can heat the non-condensable gas that pyrolysis produces, and then for the pyrolytic reaction of the pyrolysis feed in rotating bed pyrolysis oven.The non-condensable gas produced in pyrolysis system can be returned the thermal source for pyrolysis system thus, significantly can reduce energy consumption.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, mainly containing the reducing gas of low-carbon (LC) hydro carbons in the non-condensable gas that pyrolysis produces, comprise carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane etc.Therefore, amount of heat can be released for preheating another part non-condensable gas at the combustion chamber 57 combustion part non-condensable gas of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50, this save outer for combustible gas, save energy consumption.In addition, adopt the non-condensable gas of pyrolysis generation itself as the thermal source of pyrolytic reaction, not only can not affect the carrying out of pyrolytic reaction, also can not affect the quality of non-condensable gas, guarantee the calorific value of non-condensable gas.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, adopt gaseous heat-carrier, pyrolysis feed is heated evenly, temperature plateau, and fluctuation range is little, easy to control.The pyrolysis system thus with the utility model said structure improves utilization rate of heat value, and facility investment is few, easy handling.
As shown in Figure 5, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned pyrolysis system comprises further: pretreatment unit 60, and pretreatment unit 60 is suitable for treating pyrolysis material to carry out processing to obtain pyrolysis feed.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, pretreatment unit 60 can be treated pyrolysis material and carry out a series of pre-treatments such as fragmentation, sorting, drying, makes its granularity and water content etc. can reach pyrolysis requirement.Therefore, pretreatment unit 60 is adopted can to improve pyrolysis efficiency further.
As shown in Figure 5, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned pyrolysis system comprises further: smoke eliminator 70 and chimney 80, and smoke eliminator 70 exports 54 with first of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 and is connected; Chimney 80 is connected with smoke eliminator 70.Purifying treatment can be carried out to the flue gas of discharge in heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger 50 thus, avoid contaminate environment.
According to the utility model specific embodiment, the method utilizing above-mentioned pyrolysis system to carry out pyrolysis is described below.Pyrolysis feed particle is specifically comprised the following steps: to carry out cloth from the opening for feed of the pyrolysis chamber of rotating bed pyrolysis oven to cloth tray, and in heat supply chamber, pass into hot gas from hot air intake, make pyrolysis feed particle generation pyrolysis, obtain solid product and oil gas product; In pyrolysis solids treatment device, solid product is carried out processing and collecting; In cooling and refining plant, oil gas product is carried out gas-oil separation process, to obtain oil and non-condensable gas, and oil is stored in described storage tank; Heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger combustion chamber combustion part non-condensable gas or outer for combustible gas liberated heat, heat treated is carried out to another part non-condensable gas, and the non-condensable gas after heating is used for pyrolysis.
According to the method for pyrolysis of the utility model embodiment, wherein rotating bed pyrolysis oven adopts the method for gas heat supply, first hot gas enters in the heat supply chamber of cloth tray bottom from hot air intake, secondly, hot gas enters multiple through holes cloth tray from the bottom even of cloth tray, and through the pyrolysis feed layer in cloth tray, contact heat-exchanging abundant with pyrolysis feed, pyrolysis feed issues raw pyrolytic reaction at the environment of starvation thus.Thus, employing has above-mentioned rotating bed pyrolysis oven, hot gas can be made to make pyrolysis feed reach pyrolysis temperature from the bottom penetrator bed of material of pyrolysis feed layer, hot gas can be made thus fully to contact with the inner raw material of the layer of pyrolysis feed layer, the contact area of further raising thermal source and pyrolysis feed, thus the degree of being heated evenly improving pyrolysis feed.Therefore, the method for pyrolysis of the utility model above-described embodiment is adopted can to improve pyrolysis efficiency and the degree of pyrolysis of pyrolysis material.
Describing in detail below with reference to Fig. 6 utilizes the pyrolysis system of the utility model preceding embodiment to carry out the method for pyrolysis.
(1) raw materials pretreatment
First, being obtained after pre-treatment by pyrolysis material can as the pyrolysis feed of pyrolysis.Pre-treatment can comprise following one or more step:
Fragmentation and sorting: coal crusher is also screened and obtains pyrolysis feed particle.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the particle diameter of the pyrolysis feed particle obtained after the fragmentation of pyrolysis material and sorting can be 5 ~ 30 millimeters, the such as coal cinder of 5 ~ 30 millimeters.
Dry: broken good pyrolysis feed particle needed to dry before entering rotating bed pyrolysis oven, the temperature of oven dry can be 120 ~ 280 degrees Celsius.Current use more widely solid drying machine is rotary dryer, and dry thermal source can be the heat smoke from heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, by reverse with pyrolysis feed particle direct contact heat transfer, thus realizes the drying of raw material.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, treating that pyrolysis material is not particularly limited, such as, can be at least one of coal, biomass, rubbish, junked tire, waste and old organism and organic sludge.The suitability of method for pyrolysis can be improved thus further.
(2) in rotating bed pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis processing is carried out
Secondly, the pyrolysis feed particle above-mentioned pre-treatment obtained carries out cloth from the opening for feed of the pyrolysis chamber of rotating bed pyrolysis oven to cloth tray, in heat supply chamber, pass into hot gas from hot air intake, make pyrolysis feed particle generation pyrolysis, obtain solid product and oil gas product.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned pretreated pyrolysis feed particle is entered entrance storehouse by rotating bed pyrolysis oven upper feed inlet, in rotating bed pyrolysis oven under the effect of cloth scraper plate, pyrolysis feed particle is formed pyrolysis feed granular layer by cloth equably in rotating bed pyrolysis oven cloth tray.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the thickness of pyrolysis feed granular layer can be correlated with according to the hole size in the size of pyrolysis feed particle and cloth tray, particularly, should suitably control relation between three, contriver finds, when pyrolysis feed optimum grain-diameter is 5 ~ 30 millimeters, fabric thickness is preferably 50 ~ 400 millimeters, through hole to be the circular hole of 4 millimeters and/or aperture the be fin square hole of 3 millimeters * 12 millimeters in the cloth tray of rotating bed pyrolysis oven.Can ensure that hot gas passes the speed of through hole and pyrolysis feed granular layer thus, and then raising fully contacts with pyrolysis feed particle, improve pyrolysis feed particles by heat uniformity coefficient, improve pyrolysis efficiency.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the temperature of the anti-raw pyrolytic reaction of above-mentioned pyrolysis feed is 480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius, and it is complete only to need to get final product pyrolysis in 1 ~ 3 hour at such a temperature.Pyrolysis efficiency can be significantly improved thus.
(3) thermal source presentation mode
Further, in rotating bed pyrolysis oven, supply thermal source and carry out pyrolytic reaction.According to another specific embodiment of the present utility model, thermal source can provide according to following manner.Such as, utilize the non-condensable gas of generation in rotating bed pyrolysis oven as thermal source after preheating, wherein, preheating can adopt part non-condensable gas or outer combustible gas and the high-temperature flue gas of supplying to carry out.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, supply non-condensable gas outside utilizing after preheating as thermal source.First, when driving furnace lifting, external flammable gas produces high-temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber combustion of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, also directly high-temperature flue gas can be provided by the external world, heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger is oppositely entered respectively by the high-temperature flue gas entry of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger and non-condensable gas entrance with the outside non-condensable gas of normal temperature, heat exchange is carried out in rotation heat storage in heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, the high temperature non-condensable gas produced enters bottom the cloth tray of rotating bed pyrolysis oven, in heat supply chamber high temperature non-condensable gas being evenly distributed on bottom cloth tray by furnace bottom gas distributor, then high temperature non-condensable gas from bottom to top by the through hole in cloth tray as gaseous heat-carrier through the pyrolysis feed granular layer in cloth tray, with pyrolysis feed direct contact heat transfer, pyrolysis feed carries out pyrolysis under the environment of starvation, (needed for different material, pyrolysis temperature is different to pyrolysis temperature 480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius for the heating material being 5 ~ 30 millimeters by particle diameter, the non-condensable gas of corresponding temperature is provided, temperature after material pyrolysis is also variant.480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius refer to the temperature range that pyrolysis different material is corresponding).Pyrolysis feed destructive distillation is become gas, liquid, solid body carbonaceous products, left rotating bed pyrolysis oven by the solid product after pyrolysis by rotating bed pyrolysis oven solid outlet.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned method for pyrolysis also comprises: be used for pyrolysis after being heated in heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger by the non-condensable gas produced in rotating bed pyrolysis oven.The non-condensable gas that pyrolysis can be utilized to produce thus returns for pyrolytic reaction, not only can save energy consumption, can not affect the composition of non-condensable gas simultaneously, guarantee that non-condensable gas can continue recycle, reduce costs so that at utmost low.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned method for pyrolysis also comprises: heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger combustion chamber combustion part non-condensable gas or outer for combustible gas liberated heat, heat treated is carried out to another part non-condensable gas, and the non-condensable gas after heating is used for pyrolysis.The utilization ratio of non-condensable gas can be improved thus further, eliminate outer for combustible gas simultaneously, save energy consumption.In addition, adopt the non-condensable gas of pyrolysis generation itself as the thermal source of pyrolytic reaction, not only can not affect the carrying out of pyrolytic reaction, also can not affect the quality of non-condensable gas, guarantee the calorific value of non-condensable gas.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, adopt gaseous heat-carrier, pyrolysis feed is heated evenly, temperature plateau, and fluctuation range is little, easy to control.The pyrolysis system thus with the utility model said structure improves utilization rate of heat value, and facility investment is few, in operation.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, in the above-mentioned non-condensable gas as heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger thermal source, can be 1:1 for the part non-condensable gas of combustion heat release and the gas volume ratio of another part non-condensable gas.The in particular cases volume ratio 1:3 of both adjustable gas.Part non-condensable gas also can replace non-condensable gas directly to burn in a combustion chamber for combustible gas by outer.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, it is 600 ~ 950 degrees Celsius for heating the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of non-condensable gas after the combustion chamber combustion of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, after heat storage heat exchange, flue-gas temperature is down to less than 300 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the above-mentioned non-condensable gas thermal source for rotating bed pyrolysis oven obtained through heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger is 550 ~ 850, fully pyrolysis feed can be heated to 480 ~ 800 degrees Celsius thus and pyrolytic reactions occur.Further, enter in gas cleaning unit after cooling, removing flue dust and nitrogen sulfur compound, after reaching emission standard, flue gas is arranged outward by chimney.According to another specific embodiment of the present utility model, it is 600 ~ 850 degrees Celsius for heating the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of non-condensable gas after heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger combustion, after heat storage heat exchange, flue-gas temperature is down to less than 300 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the above-mentioned non-condensable gas thermal source for rotating bed pyrolysis oven obtained through heat accumulating type rotating commutator is 550 ~ 780 degrees Celsius, fully pyrolysis feed can be heated to 480 ~ 750 degrees Celsius thus and pyrolytic reactions occur.
(4) solid product process
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, solid product is carried out processing and collecting in pyrolysis solids treatment device.Particularly, in rotating bed pyrolysis oven, under the effect of discharging spiral, entered pyrolysis solids treatment device by feed opening by the solid product after pyrolysis to cool.The process of cooling of solid product can by spraying quenching or the cooling of band water-cooling jacket spiral, and solid product is cooled to less than 80 degrees Celsius by 450 DEG C-750 degrees Celsius, and cooling after product enters in solid resultant product collection storehouse and stores.Cool the high-temperature steam obtained and deliver to afterheat boiler system recycling.
(5) oil gas product process
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the oil gas product produced is carried out gas-oil separation process in cooling and refining plant, to obtain oil and non-condensable gas, and oil is stored in storage tank in rotating bed pyrolysis oven.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, enter the temperature of oil gas product after in cooling and clean unit and be reduced to less than 28 degrees Celsius, portion gas is condensed into liquid.The oil product obtained after liquid separation can deep processing or to sell directly outward further, and the non-condensable gas obtained after cooling and purifying may be used for the thermal source of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger after preheating.Significantly can reduce energy consumption thus.
Embodiment 1
The coal sample (coal analysis data are in table 1) that granularity is 5 millimeters ~ 30 millimeters, send in rotating bed pyrolysis oven continuously with 3t/h, with the concurrent heat-dissipating solution of non-condensable gas direct contact heat transfer that temperature is about 580 DEG C, heating coal cinder is to 530 DEG C, Heat of Formation semicoke, tar steam and coal gas, the hot semicoke temperature obtained is about 500 DEG C and enters cooling system and carry out cooling and reclaim heat, and cooled semicoke is sent in storage bin.Temperature about 520 DEG C after the non-condensable gas mixing of the oil gas produced and heat supply, draw rotating bed pyrolysis oven by the multiple oil gas vent in rotating bed pyrolysis oven top, oil gas vent position is different, and outlet oil gas temperature has different.Each oil gas vent oil gas is entered after being converged by oil gas house steward in cooling and clean unit.
Coal charge water ratio is low, and cooled coal gas amount is higher, and non-condensable gas is divided into three parts with 7:18:25 as the case may be, and first part is used for sending outside, and supply waste heat boiler uses; Second section is as heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger burning source of the gas; Last part is used for the non-condensable gas heat exchange use of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, heat exchange Posterior circle to rotating bed pyrolysis oven as coal charge pyrolysis thermal source gas.
Processing method described in the utility model can long-term smooth operation, and the productive rate of the pyrolysis product obtained and main character are in table 2.
Table 1 raw coal analytical results
Embodiment 2
The coal sample that the raw coal size that the present embodiment adopts is 5 millimeters ~ 30 millimeters, send in rotating bed pyrolysis oven continuously with 2.6t/h, with the concurrent heat-dissipating solution of non-condensable gas direct contact heat transfer that temperature is about 650 DEG C, heating coal cinder is to 600 DEG C, Heat of Formation semicoke, tar steam and coal gas, the hot semicoke temperature obtained is about 580 DEG C and enters cooling system and carry out cooling and reclaim heat, and cooled semicoke is sent in storage bin.Temperature about 590 DEG C after the non-condensable gas mixing of the oil gas produced and heat supply, draw rotating bed pyrolysis oven by the multiple oil gas vent in rotating bed pyrolysis oven top, oil gas vent position is different, and outlet oil gas temperature has different.Each oil gas vent oil gas is entered after being converged by oil gas house steward in cooling and clean unit.
Coal charge water ratio is higher, and cooled coal gas amount is on the low side, and non-condensable gas is divided into two parts with 1:1 as the case may be, and first part is as heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger burning source of the gas; Second section is used for the non-condensable gas heat exchange use of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, heat exchange Posterior circle to rotating bed pyrolysis oven as coal charge pyrolysis thermal source gas.
Processing method described in the utility model can long-term smooth operation, and the productive rate of the pyrolysis product obtained and main character are in table 2.
Embodiment 3
The somewhere domestic refuse in autumn of granularity 5 millimeters ~ 120 millimeters, send into continuously in rotating bed with 1.3t/h, be the non-condensable gas direct contact heat transfer of about 800 DEG C with temperature and at 700 DEG C, pyrolysis occur, Heat of Formation solid is containing charcoal thing, tar steam and combustible gas, the hot solids obtained containing charcoal thing temperature be about 680 DEG C enter cooling system carry out cooling reclaim heat, cooled solid containing charcoal thing feeding storage bin in.The oil gas produced and the non-condensable gas mixture of heat supply draw rotating bed by the multiple oil gas vent in rotating bed top, the high-temperature oil gas produced mix afterwards temperature with non-condensable gas be 690 DEG C, to be converged by each oil gas vent oil gas to enter to cool and in purification system by oil gas house steward.
Somewhere domestic refuse in autumn water ratio is slightly high, and cooled tolerance is lower, and non-condensable gas is with 1:(1 ~ 2.2 as the case may be) be divided into two portions, first part is as heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger burning source of the gas; Second section is used for the non-condensable gas heat exchange use of heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, heat exchange Posterior circle to rotating bed as rubbish pyrolysis thermal source gas.
Processing method described in the utility model can long-term smooth operation, and the productive rate of the pyrolysis product obtained and main character are in table 2.
Table 2 data results
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term need not for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and described embodiment of the present utility model above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment, revises, replace and modification in scope of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a pyrolysis system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Rotating bed pyrolysis oven, have in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven rotatable, for holding the cloth tray of pyrolysis feed, described cloth tray is positioned at be separated in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven in pyrolysis chamber above described cloth tray, be positioned at heat supply chamber below described cloth tray
Wherein, described cloth tray has the through hole of the described pyrolysis chamber of multiple connection and heat supply chamber,
Described heat supply chamber has hot air intake,
Described pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed, air outlet and solid outlet;
Pyrolysis solids treatment device, described pyrolysis solids treatment device is connected with described solid outlet;
Cooling and refining plant, described cooling is connected with described air outlet with refining plant;
Storage tank, described storage tank is connected with refining plant with described cooling;
Heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger, described heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger is connected with the hot air intake of refining plant with described rotating bed pyrolysis oven with described cooling respectively.
2. pyrolysis system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat accumulating type rotary heat exchanger comprises:
Insulation shell, is limited with chamber in described housing, and described housing has the first entrance, the first outlet, the second entrance and the second outlet;
Dividing plate, described dividing plate to be located in described chamber and described chamber is separated into accumulation of heat chamber and heat release chamber;
Heat storage, described heat storage is located at the middle part of described heat release chamber and the middle part of accumulation of heat chamber, described second outlet is formed at the top of described heat release chamber, described second entrance is formed at the bottom of described heat release chamber, combustion chamber is formed at the top of described accumulation of heat chamber, combustion chamber and the first entrance conducting, the first outlet is formed at the bottom of described accumulation of heat chamber
Wherein, described first entrance is connected with refining plant with described cooling respectively with described second entrance, and described second outlet is connected with described hot air intake.
3. pyrolysis system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises further: pretreatment unit, and described pretreatment unit is connected with described opening for feed.
4. pyrolysis system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Smoke eliminator, described smoke eliminator and described first exports and is connected;
Chimney, described chimney is connected with described smoke eliminator.
5. pyrolysis system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the through hole in described cloth tray is circular hole and/or fin square hole, wherein, the diameter of described circular hole is 2 ~ 6 millimeters, and the long limit of described fin square hole is 10 ~ 15 millimeters, broadside is 3 ~ 5 millimeters.
6. a rotating bed pyrolysis oven, have in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven rotatable, for holding the cloth tray of pyrolysis feed, described cloth tray is positioned at be separated in described rotating bed pyrolysis oven in pyrolysis chamber above described cloth tray, be positioned at heat supply chamber below described cloth tray
Wherein, described cloth tray has the through hole of the described pyrolysis chamber of multiple connection and heat supply chamber,
Described heat supply chamber has hot air intake,
Described pyrolysis chamber has opening for feed, air outlet and solid outlet.
7. rotating bed pyrolysis oven according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the circular ring that described cloth tray is arranged horizontally, the circular cavity that described heat supply chamber is arranged horizontally.
8. rotating bed pyrolysis oven according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the through hole in described cloth tray is circular hole and/or fin square hole, wherein, the diameter of described circular hole is 2 ~ 6 millimeters, and the long limit of described fin square hole is 10 ~ 15 millimeters, broadside is 3 ~ 5 millimeters.
9. rotating bed pyrolysis oven according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described hot air intake is multiple, and described multiple hot air intake is evenly distributed on the diapire of heat supply chamber.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560072A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis system and pyrolysis method for organic wastes |
| CN104560071A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis system and pyrolyzing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560072A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis system and pyrolysis method for organic wastes |
| CN104560071A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis system and pyrolyzing method |
| CN104560071B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-11-24 | 神雾科技集团股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis system and method for pyrolysis |
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