CN2044287U - Cracking reactor for alcohol - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cracking reactor for alcohol used for supplying alcohol-petrol blended fuel for a gasoline engine, an evaporating hot chamber and a catalytic cracking reaction tube are arranged in a mini housing, and the exhaust residual heat of the engine supplies the required heat. The mixed procreant hydrogen burning gas and the spraying petrol are fed for the engine, and the procreant hydrogen burning gas and the spraying petrol are used for coarse methanol, coarse methanol water, ethanol water and fusel. The cracking reactor for alcohol has small bulk, having compact integral structure, having fast warm up, and having low cost; the cracking reactor for alcohol is convenient for utility.

Description

Cracking reactor for alcohol

The present invention relates to a kind of alcohol catalysis pyrolysis apparatus, particularly a kind of alcohols cracking reactor that is used for supplying with pure cracking gas and gasoline mixed fuel to motor.

Disclose a kind of pyrolysis reactor of alcohols in EP-102845, it is that the whole gasoline replacings of cracking gas after decomposing are made motor fuel.This reactor comprises reaction chamber wall, reactor chamber air inlet system and air-out apparatus, and reaction chamber wall encapsulates the catalyzer packing, is fixed with inner fins on reaction chamber wall.Deficiency is that the reaction indoor temperature rising speed is slow, and heat distribution is inhomogeneous, so the starting cold difficulty; In addition, its cracking system complicated integral structure will have vaporizer or superheater to be used for the evaporation of methyl alcohol and overheated before reactor, and whole device installing space on car body is restricted.When starting cold and high load condition, reactor can't be carried cracking gas to motor, motor must rely on liquid state or the running of steam state alcohol, this has just brought with methanol liquid is the shortcoming that fuel produces, big as toxicity, the aldehyde material of discharging has pollution to atmosphere.Also can cause the rotten damage of parts, the corrosion aggravation.The reactor exhaust resistance increases besides.

The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art and a kind of evaporation, gasification, the pyrolysis reactor of alcohols of cat-cracker in same reactor are provided, it effectively catalytic pyrolysis produce rich hydrogen burning gas, and it is simple in structure, the heat exchange efficiency height is convenient to practicality.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: this alcohol cracker is connected on the outlet pipe, comprise the overheated portion of evaporation, the catalyzer packing, reacting part, they are installed in this cracking reactor housing, evaporating overheated portion is made of with the hot cell of crossing that is placed in reactor bottom the vaporization chamber that is fixed between lower face plate, said vaporization chamber combines as a whole and communicates with the mistake hot cell, there are row two ends to be fixed on parallel evaporation tubulation on the sidewall of the vaporization chamber left and right sides in the vaporization chamber, reacting part is by on being fixed on, reaction tube on the lower face plate constitutes, and is packaged with the catalyzer packing in the reaction tube.

Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure: at the vaporization chamber top alcohol intaking pipe is housed, the flow distribution plate that the surface is shaped on horizontal shallow slot is fixed on above the tubulation in the vaporization chamber, and evenly perforate in the flow distribution plate shallow slot; Between hot cell and the reaction pipe stainless steel backstop being housed fixedly excessively, be communicated with hot cell and collection chamber by reaction pipe, collection chamber is connected to cooler by an outlet pipe.

Upper and lower card and reaction tube preferably adopt copper or stainless steel to manufacture.Reaction tube adopts the 52-74 root, and every with long 18-30 centimetre, the pipe of diameter 10-18 millimeter.

Used catalyzer packing is a low temperature copper zinc class, also available high temperature zinc chrome type or precious metals such as palladium, platinum.

On the cracking reactor air inlet pipeline, the air inlet solenoid valve can be installed, the temperature control automatic conveying device can be connected on the alcohol intaking pipe road of this external cracking reactor.

Advantage of the present invention: in reactor shell, arrange the overheated and reacting part of evaporation, so the space reactor size is little, compact overall structure, the reactor quick heating, exhaust resistance is little, and cost is low.Simultaneously because reactor is to be connected on the gas exhaust piping, institute's calorific requirement is provided by engine exhaust heat entirely, do not influence original Fuel Petroleum supply system, thus to starting cold and when running at high speed without any influence, implement easily.In addition owing on the alcohol intaking pipe road of cracking reactor, connected temperature control apparatus, the one end is connected with thermosensitive element and the temperature control display instrument in the catalytic reaction bed, so easily catalytic bed and delivery temperature lifting are realized synchronization control.

The concrete structure of invention is provided by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.

The drawing explanation:

Fig. 1 is the plan view of pyrolysis reactor of alcohols.

Fig. 2 is the side view of pyrolysis reactor of alcohols.

Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet that pyrolysis reactor of alcohols and petrol engine are complementary.

By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as seen, the cracking reactor housing (1) that one steel plate system is arranged, there is vaporization chamber (4) that upper face plate (11) closes inside, cross hot cell (18) and encapsulated the reaction tube (12) of catalyzer packing (14), front and back intake and exhaust interfaces (15,19) are made one with housing, are connected on the engine exhaust pipeline.Upper face plate and housing and loam cake (2) connect by fastening piece (13), and surround the collection chamber (10) of a sealing between upper face plate and loam cake.The elongated shape vaporization chamber that is surrounded by upper face plate (11) and porose sidewall (9) is positioned at a side of reactor, and the vaporization chamber bottom surface is crossed hot cell (18) with a flat that is surrounded by lower face plate (16) and is communicated with.Vertical reaction tube two ends weldering knot is fixed on upper face plate and above the lower face plate, and is communicated with hot cell and collection chamber.At last cap surface alcohol intaking pipe (3) is housed and is communicated with, have outlet pipe (20) to communicate with collection chamber with the vaporization chamber top.

Reaction tube can be with copper pipe, Stainless Steel Tube or other corrosion resistant, heatproof, have the material of sufficient intensity to make.Its specification is long 18-30cm, diameter  10-18mm, and totally 58 copper pipes constitute five row's reaction tube bundles, each 11 of first row and last rows, middle three rows respectively have 12.In the tubulation altogether filling catalyzer 1.6-1.8 liter, the catalyzer packing is M-2 zinc chrome type or MS-573 platinum palladium type.

Angle brace on the vaporization chamber inwall (8) is held the flow distribution plate (5) that a surface has through hole (7), its below order row has 8 evaporating pipes parallel to each other (6), and the porose sidewall (9) of evaporating pipe and rectangle vaporization chamber upward aperture closely cooperates and fixing weldering knot; One stainless (steel) wire (17) is contained in overheated indoor and in the reaction pipe underpart and cross between the hot cell and form backstop, with the fine particle of the self-catalysis agent packing of collecting, does not allow it fall into the hot cell.

As seen from Figure 3, pyrolysis reactor of alcohols (1) is connected on the engine exhaust pipeline (23).Reactor (1) is by alcohol intaking pipe road (3) and container for storing fuel of alcohol (30) UNICOM, liquid alcohol is admitted in the vaporization chamber through manually operated valve (29) and temperature-control electric pump (28) to the alcohol intaking pipe (3) on the reactor by alcohol intaking pipe road (3), temperature-control electric pump (28) constitutes temperature control automatic conveying device (21) with the thermosensitive element (26) that is contained in the temperature control display instrument (27) in the operator cabin and be connected in the reactor catalysis bed, and the hydrogen-rich gas that reactor produces enters cooler (31) voltage stabilizing of lowering the temperature by the outlet pipe (20) on the collection chamber (10) through exhaust duct (20).Cooler (31) is by mixer (33) UNICOM on suction tude (32) and the motor (22).In container for storing fuel of alcohol (30), be used as the pure available thick methyl alcohol of pure fuel, thick methyl alcohol water mixing, ethanol, ethanol water mixing and fusel, what use in the present embodiment is methyl alcohol.Required heat in the reactor cracking is supplied with by the waste gas residual heat that motor is discharged.Hot waste gas enters reactor (1) by pipeline (23) through a solenoid valve (24).Pipeline (23) is gone up set solenoid valve (24) and is ined succession with the closure of Carburetor, when accelerator pedal is decontroled, during closed throttle, drive solenoid valve (24) action, waste gas is discharged by pipeline (25), avoid cool air to lower the temperature by reactor.

When the motor starting cold, only be fuel with gasoline, waste gas from motor (22) enters in the reactor (1) through piping (23) and electromagnetic valve (24), waste gas is between reaction pipe (12), outer surface and the evaporating pipe (4) of crossing hot cell (18) are interior by leaving reactor then, discharge hot waste gas heating reaction pipe through tail pipe, when the reactor catalysis bed tempertaure reaches the value of being set up by temperature control display instrument (27), the temperature-control electric pump (28) that connects thermosensitive element (27) starts automatically, this moment, the driver opened manually operated valve (29), liquid methanol just enters vaporization chamber (4) by pipeline by alcohol intaking pipe (3), the tiny through hole (7) of liquid methanol on flow distribution plate (5) flows to evaporating pipe (6) surface in vaporization chamber, the evaporating pipe that is heated by hot waste gas (6) makes pure carburation by evaporation, steam flow entered that hot cell (18) is evaporated again and is overheated, become about 250 ℃ superheated vapor, enter afterwards reaction pipe (12) with temperature 280-420 ℃, the catalyzer of pressure 1-3bar (14) carries out catalytic cracking reaction, produces dissociated methanol gas.Its reaction equation is:

21.4 card is when in the methyl alcohol during water content, its reaction equation is:

11.5 methyl alcohol permission water content is 0-29% (volume) in the khaki, optimum moisture content is 6-12%.The contained composition of dissociated methanol gas: H ₂Be 61--70%, CO is 30--17%.CH ₃OH is 3%, H ₂O is 2--3%, and other hydrocarbon inflammable gas of minority.Dissociated methanol gas has the octane value height, and velocity of combustion is fast, and lean-burn is good, realizes lean combustion easily under middle-low load working condition; Calorific value is higher by 20% than liquid methanol.Outlet pipe on the reactor (20) is sent into cooler (31) to cracking gas and is lowered the temperature after the voltage stabilizing, sends into mixer and air mixing through pipeline (32) again.Become dissociated methanol gas-air Mixture, mix with atomization gas again and send into cylinder from Carburetor.This reactor (1) also can be assembled into one with silencing apparatus, makes erasure effect better.

Be connected with thermosensitive element (26) in the reactor shown in Figure 3, in reactor, make catalytic bed temperature reach the desired pure temperature of advancing by waste heating,, also on temperature control display instrument (27), show simultaneously as 320 ℃.This moment, thermosensitive element started temperature-control electric pump (28) automatically, opened manually operated valve (29) and can enter reactor by line transportation methyl alcohol.

Reactor shell and can making of refractory metal, is crossed hot cell and reaction pipe and upper and lower card material such as the copper with high temperature resistant corrosion resistant, stainless steel etc. at inner closed evaporating chamber.Can be towards periphery behind the reactor truck loading atmosphere distribute heat and its temperature is reduced, thereby on housing, enclose one deck lagging casing, and the intake and exhaust interface is extended out by surrounding partly, make it to be connected with engine exhaust pipe.

Claims (8)

1. pyrolysis reactor of alcohols that is used for supplying with alcohols one gasoline mixed fuel to petrol engine.This reactor is connected on the engine exhaust pipeline.Comprise that the overheated portion of evaporation, catalyzer packing and three of reacting parts are partly main.It is characterized in that these three parts are loaded in the reactor shell (1), between a upper face plate (11) and lower face plate (16), be fixed with vaporization chamber (4) and reaction tube (12), be packaged with catalyzer packing (14) in the reaction tube (12).The hot cell (18) of crossing that is positioned between lower face plate (16) and reactor shell (1) makes vaporization chamber (4) communicate with reaction tube (12).

2. reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that vaporization chamber (4) internal fixation between upper and lower card has the parallel evaporation tubulation (6) of a row, one alcohol intaking pipe (3) is connected in the vaporization chamber top, the flow distribution plate (5) that shallow slot is arranged above one is housed in vaporization chamber, have through hole (7) in the shallow slot, flow distribution plate is parallel to be loaded on above the evaporation tubulation.

3. reactor according to claim 1.It is characterized in that between upper and lower card rectangle vaporization chamber (4) directly and lower face plate mistake hot cell (18) connection down, crossing the backstop (17) that is equiped with stainless steel between hot cell and reaction tube (12), reaction tube be communicated with the hot cell and be positioned at upper face plate (11) and case top lid (2) between collection chamber (10).

4. reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that interior catalyzer packing employing high temperature zinc chrome type that encapsulates of reaction tube or palladium, platinum noble metals.

5. reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that upper and lower card and reaction tube adopt heatproof, anticorrosive material, preferably with copper or stainless steel.

6. reactor according to claim 1 or 5 is characterized in that reaction tube with 52-74, and specification is long 18-30cm, the pipe of diameter  10-18mm.

7. reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that in advancing of reactor (1) solenoid valve (24) with the gas pedal interlock being housed on the exhaust pipe (23).

8. reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the alcohol intaking pipe road (3) of reactor (1) the temperature control automatic conveying device being housed, by temperature-control electric pump (28), temperature control display instrument (27) and the thermosensitive element (26) that is connected in the catalytic bed are formed.

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