CN204421440U - A kind of based on the middle-size and small-size Frostless ice house refrigerating plant of solution cooling and dehumidifying - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification. The refrigeration device includes three subsystems, which are refrigeration circulation system, solution circulation system and air circulation system. The main equipment is refrigeration compressor, condenser, liquid receiver, solution condenser, solution cooler (A, B), regenerator , Solution reservoir (concentrated, dilute), gas-liquid separator, solution pump (concentrated, dilute), solution dehumidifier, etc. The condensation heat of the condenser provides the heat required for solution regeneration, and the solution cooler (A, B) provides the cooling of the dehumidification solution. The cooling dehumidifier A dehumidifies and cools the circulating air of the medium-temperature cold storage and sends it into the storage by the blower A for cooling and dehumidification. Cooling and dehumidification Device B dehumidifies and cools the circulating air in the low-temperature storage, and then sends it into the storage by blower B for cooling and dehumidification, which avoids frost and ice on the surface of the cooling coil in traditional cold storage. At the same time, the air after solution treatment is conducive to sterilization and disinfection, improving the air in the storage. smell. This patent applies the solution dehumidification and cooling technology to the cold storage, which can completely solve the freezing and frosting on the surface of the cooling pipe of the cold storage, which is of great significance to the stable operation of the storage temperature of the cold storage and the energy saving of the cold storage.

Description

A refrigeration device for small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage based on solution cooling and dehumidification

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of cold storage refrigeration, in particular to a medium-sized and small-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification.

Background technique

Small and medium-sized cold storage is widely used in small onshore cold storage, ship food cold storage, or small coastal and inland river refrigerated transport ships and fishery refrigerated ships. It is mainly used for refrigerated and frozen storage of cattle, pigs, poultry meat and other agricultural and sideline products. According to the temperature of the cold storage, the storage temperature of the high-temperature storage is generally maintained at 5-+10°C, and the storage temperature of the medium-temperature storage is generally maintained for grain storage. 0～+5℃, used for storing vegetables, fruits or dairy products, etc.; low-temperature storage room temperature is generally kept at -5～-15℃, used for storing fish and poultry meat, etc.

For small and medium-sized cold storage refrigeration systems, Freon refrigerants are generally used. The main equipment of the system includes compressors, condensers, liquid receivers, filter dryers, expansion valves, cooling coils, and temperature and pressure controllers. The cooling coils are divided into Direct cooling and indirect cooling, whether it is direct cooling or indirect cooling, and whether it is natural cooling or blowing cooling, because the surface temperature of the cooler is lower than the dew point temperature of the local air, even in most cases, the surface temperature of the cooler is below 0°C Therefore, when the air flows through the surface temperature of the cooler, condensed water will be precipitated and the surface of the cooler will be frosted, especially when refrigerated fruits and vegetables, due to the high moisture content of the air in the warehouse, a certain amount of outdoor air needs to be added, resulting in The frost is more serious. After the frost on the surface of the cooler, the thermal resistance of the cooler surface is increased due to the poor thermal conductivity of the frost. The presence of the frost layer on the evaporating coil will deteriorate the heat transfer of the air conditioner, reduce the evaporation temperature, and reduce the cooling efficiency.

However, the problem of frosting and icing in the low-temperature freezer has always been a difficult problem in the refrigeration industry. In reality, the main methods of defrosting cold storage include water spray defrosting, electrical defrosting, hot gas defrosting and mechanical defrosting. Each method is to defrost after a certain thickness of frost, resulting in the reduction of the cooling coil and the air heat transfer system of the warehouse. In CN200710143693 patent, Wen Dongqiang et al. introduced a water-cooling energy scheme using cold storage for flushing frost. Lu Mosen et al. introduced a control method in CN200810238083 to prevent the frosting thickness on the surface of the air cooler from exceeding the set value. Run, measure the frost surface temperature and control the operation of the refrigerator. Lu Mosen et al. introduced in the CN200710116054 patent a method of placing the evaporating coil in a frost-free cold storage outside the warehouse, cooling the salt solution through the evaporating coil, and then spraying the refrigerant into the cold storage to maintain high humidity and low temperature in the storage. . Although this method can avoid the problem of frosting in the warehouse, because the nozzle sprays directly into the warehouse, the warehouse is wet and the cooling of the warehouse is uneven, and the spraying of salt solution is not conducive to personnel walking. Therefore, this technology is difficult to promote.

The crux of the frosting in the existing cold storage is that the low-temperature cooling coil is in direct contact with the air in the storage, and the air humidity is too high. To solve the problem of not frosting, dehumidification first and then cooling can be adopted. In recent years, solid adsorption dehumidification and condensation dehumidification technologies have been used to prevent frosting of outdoor heat exchangers in winter heat pump operation. CN201410156239 discloses a method of dehumidifying outdoor low-temperature air in winter by using salt solution Finally, it is sucked into the outdoor heat exchanger and used as a low-temperature heat source by the refrigeration system to prevent frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger at low temperature in winter. CN201410156533 discloses that after a solid adsorbent dehumidifies the outdoor low-temperature air in winter, the temperature rises and the humidity decreases, and then it exchanges heat with the heat pump outdoor heat exchanger to avoid frosting on the surface of the winter low-temperature outdoor heat exchanger tube. However, to solve the cooling and dehumidification in the cold storage, it is also possible to use a cold concentrated solution to directly contact the air in the storage, so that the air can be dehumidified while cooling down, and achieve the same effect as the traditional cooling coil directly dealing with the air in the storage.

Contents of the invention

In view of the insufficient defrosting methods of the existing cold storage and the impact of frost on the operation of the refrigeration system, this patent proposes the use of solution cooling and dehumidification composite refrigeration technology, which effectively solves the problem of frosting on the cooling coil.

Technical solution: Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the physical phenomenon of icing and frosting does not occur on the surface when the cooling coil cools the air. For this reason, the technical scheme provided by the utility model: 1. use cold, high-concentration saline solution to dehumidify and cool the inhaled cold storage air. When the humidity of the air is reduced and the temperature is lower than that of the air in the warehouse, the air is cooled. ② For the ventilation of the medium-temperature cold storage, a solution full-heat heat exchanger is used for ventilation, which reduces the load of the refrigeration system and achieves the purpose of ventilation and energy saving.

The air treatment method corresponding to the technical solution is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is the air treatment process of the medium temperature warehouse; the dotted line in Figure 1 is the traditional air treatment process, and the solid line is the air treatment process of this technical route. W is the state point of the outdoor air, N is the state point of the air in the warehouse, L is the state point of the air leaving the cooling coil, O shows the mixing point of the outdoor air and the coil treatment, N→L is the cooling process of the traditional air in the coil. W→U is the recovery process of air ventilation and cooling capacity inside and outside the temperature storage in this technical route; N→L is the air dehumidification and cooling process in the cooling dehumidifier in this technical route, and the S storage is the mixing point of L and U, which is also the delivery point. wind state. Similarly, the air treatment process of the low-temperature cold storage is shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, N→O is a traditional air treatment project. At this time, ice and frost occur on the surface of the cold coil. The improved treatment process is also N→O, but it is the cooling and dehumidification process of the solution to the air.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model relates to a refrigeration device for medium and small-sized frost-free cold storage based on solution cooling and dehumidification. Including refrigeration circulation system, solution dehumidification system, medium temperature air circulation system and low temperature air circulation system.

The refrigeration cycle system includes a compressor connected by a refrigerant pipeline, a condenser, a solution condenser, a refrigerant liquid receiver, a gas-liquid separator, a solution cooler (A, B), a thermal expansion throttle valve (A and B), pressure reducing valve, blower (A, B). The inlet pipe of the liquid receiver is connected to the solution condenser and the outlet of the condenser. The condenser is a common equipment connected to the refrigeration system and the cooling tower; the outlet pipe of the refrigerant liquid receiver is divided into two branches, one is connected to the solution cooler A, A solution cooler B. The outlet of the gas-liquid separator is divided into two branches, one is connected to the solution cooler A inlet, and the other is connected to the pressure reducing valve.

The solution dehumidification system includes a dehumidifier A, a dehumidifier B, a dilute solution reservoir, a dilute solution pump, a solution condenser, a solution regenerator, a concentrated solution reservoir, and a concentrated solution pump (A, B). The solution condenser is a common equipment for the connection of the refrigeration cycle system and the solution dehumidification system. The air inlet of the dehumidification cooler A is connected to the outlet air duct of the medium-temperature storage, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower A; the air inlet of the dehumidification cooler B is connected to the outlet of the air duct of the low-temperature storage, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower B.

The air circulation system of the low-temperature storage includes a low-temperature cold storage, a dehumidification cooler B, and a blower B connected by air ducts.

The air circulation system of the medium-temperature storage includes a medium-temperature cold storage connected by air ducts, a total solution heat exchanger, a dehumidification cooler A, and a blower A. The solution total heat exchanger is for respiration and ventilation of vegetables, fruits and personnel in the medium temperature storage. The structure of the solution total heat heat exchanger is shown in FIG. 2 . There are four air ducts connected, two are connected to the inside of the warehouse, and two are connected to the outside. Realize the ventilation of the medium-temperature warehouse while recovering the cold energy in the exhausted air and replacing the moisture in the outdoor air.

Advantages of the utility model device: ①Compared with the existing small and medium-sized cold storage, this device avoids frosting on the surface of the cooling fan cooling coil, the cold storage operates with a higher refrigeration coefficient, and the temperature fluctuation of the cold storage is smaller. ②Compared with the existing small and medium-sized cold storage, the cooling tower of this device bears less condensation load, and a large part of the condensation heat is used for solution dehumidification. ③Compared with the existing small and medium-sized cold storage, the ventilation cold energy of the medium-temperature cold storage can be recycled and the solution can purify and sterilize the air in the storage, which is beneficial to food preservation.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the air treatment process diagram of the low-temperature cold storage of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the workflow of the utility model;

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3, the utility model is explained in detail.

Marking in the figure: 1 compressor, 2 solution condenser, 3 thermal expansion valve A, 4 thermal expansion valve B, 5 solution cooler A, 6 solution cooler B, 7 gas-liquid separator, 8 concentrated solution pump A, 9 Regenerator, 10 Dilute solution pump, 11 Concentrated solution pump B, 12 Dehumidification cooler A, 13 Blower A, 14 Medium temperature tuyere, 15 Solution total heat exchanger, 16 Concentrated solution reservoir, 17 Dilute solution reservoir , 18 low-temperature tuyere, 19 desiccant cooler B, 20 condenser, 21 liquid receiver, 22 pressure reducing valve, 23 blower B.

The cold storage device includes three cycles: including single-stage refrigeration cycle system, solution dehumidification system, medium temperature air cycle system and low temperature air cycle system.

The refrigeration cycle system includes a compressor (1), a condenser (20), a solution condenser (2), a refrigerant liquid receiver (21), a gas-liquid separator (7), and a solution cooler connected by refrigerant pipelines A (5), solution cooler B (6), thermal expansion throttle valve A (3), expansion throttle valve B (4), pressure reducing valve (22), blower A (13), blower B (24) . The inlet pipeline of the liquid receiver (21) is connected to the solution condenser (6) and the outlet of the condenser (20), and the condenser 20; the outlet pipeline of the liquid receiver (3) is connected to the cooling tower water pipeline. The liquid reservoir (3) is divided into two branches, one is connected to the solution cooler A (5), and the other is connected to the solution cooler A (6). The outlet of the gas-liquid separator (7) is divided into two branches, one is connected to the inlet of the solution cooler A (5), and the other is connected to the inlet of the pressure reducing valve (22).

The solution dehumidification system includes a desiccant cooler A (12), a desiccant cooler B (19), a dilute solution reservoir (17), a dilute solution pump (10), and a solution condenser (2) connected by solution pipelines , a solution regenerator (9), a concentrated solution reservoir (16), a concentrated solution pump A (8), and a concentrated solution pump B (11). The solution condenser (2) is a common equipment for the connection of the refrigeration cycle system and the solution dehumidification system. The air inlet of the dehumidifier A (12) is connected to the outlet air duct of the medium-temperature warehouse, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower A (13); the air inlet of the dehumidifier B (19) is connected to the outlet of the air duct of the low-temperature warehouse, and the air outlet Connect to the air inlet of blower B (23).

The air circulation system of the medium-temperature storage includes a low-temperature cold storage connected by air ducts, a dehumidification cooler A (12), and a blower A (13).

The low-temperature storage air circulation system includes a medium-temperature cold storage connected by air ducts, a total solution heat exchanger (15), a dehumidification cooler B (19), and a blower B (23). The solution total heat exchanger (15) is used for respiration and ventilation of vegetables, fruits and personnel in the medium temperature storage.

Operation mode

Refrigeration system operation: the compressor sucks the low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant from the solution cooler A (5) and the pressure reducing valve, compresses it into high-temperature and high-pressure superheated gas, and then divides it into two branches, one of which enters the condenser (20) Cooled by the cold water of the cooling tower, the other branch flows into the solution condenser to be cooled by the dilute solution, the two branches meet and flow into the refrigerant liquid receiver (21), and then divide into two branches, one of which passes through the thermal expansion valve A (3) After throttling, it merges with the refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator and flows into the solution cooler A (5), where the concentrated solution is cooled by evaporative cooling and then sucked by the compressor. The second branch flows into the solution cooler B (6) after being throttled by the thermal expansion valve B (4), where the concentrated solution is cooled by evaporative cooling, and then enters the gas-liquid separator (7), after the gas-liquid separator , the liquid refrigerant enters the solution cooler A (5) all the way, and the gas refrigerant is sucked by the compressor after passing through the pressure reducing valve (22).

Air circulation: Air circulation includes the air treatment cycle of medium temperature storage and low temperature storage.

When the system is running, first start the cooling tower equipment, cold storage air supply equipment, solution pump equipment, and then start the compressor. When the refrigeration system is running normally, the solution circulation system is also running at the same time. The solution is circulated in this way. First, the solution is stored from the concentrated solution. The liquid container (16) is divided into two branches, one of which is pumped into the solution cooler B (19) by the concentrated solution pump A (8) to absorb the air moisture and waste heat of the low-temperature storage, and the concentration decreases as the temperature rises, and then pumped into the dilute solution cooler B (19). Solution reservoir (17). The other one is then pumped into the solution cooler A (12) by the concentrated solution pump B (11) to absorb the air moisture and waste heat in the medium-temperature storage, the temperature rises and the concentration decreases, and then it is pumped into the dilute solution reservoir (17). The dilute solution is pumped into the solution condenser by the dilute solution pump to be heated, then flows into the dehumidifier (9), is regenerated into a high-concentration solution, and then flows into the concentrated solution reservoir.

At this time, the medium-temperature cold storage implements air circulation treatment in this way. First, the ventilation air and the indoor air are combined with the indoor circulating air after the solution total heat exchanger (15) lowers the temperature for dehumidification. The air in the warehouse is sucked by the blower A (13) and passes through the dehumidification cooler A (12). After the air is cooled and dehumidified, it is sent to the medium-temperature warehouse to absorb heat and excess moisture in the warehouse.

The air in the low-temperature storage is circulated in this way. First, after the circulating air passes through the dehumidification cooler B (19), the air is cooled and dehumidified and then sent to the low-temperature storage to absorb heat and excess moisture in the storage.

The above shows and describes the basic principle, only features and advantages of the present utility model. On the premise of not departing from the utility model and scope, the utility model also has various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall into the scope to be protected. The utility model requires protection to be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. A small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, including a refrigeration circulation system, a solution dehumidification system, a medium-temperature air circulation system and a low-temperature air circulation system. 2. According to claim 1, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the refrigeration cycle system includes a compressor connected by a refrigerant pipeline, a condenser, a solution condenser, a refrigerant liquid reservoir, a thermal Expansion throttle valves (A and B), gas-liquid separators, solution coolers (A, B), pressure reducing valves. It is characterized in that the outlet pipeline of the compressor is connected to the solution condenser and the condenser. The liquid receiver inlet line is connected to the solution condenser and the condenser outlet, and the condenser cooling water is connected to a cooling tower (not shown) device. 3. According to claim 2, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the refrigerant liquid receiver is characterized in that the outlet pipeline is divided into two branches, one is connected to the solution cooler A, and the other is connected to the solution cooler A. Solution cooler B. 4. According to claim 2, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the gas-liquid separator is characterized in that the outlet is divided into two branches, one is connected to the solution cooler A inlet, and the other is connected to the dehumidifier. pressure valve. 5. According to claim 1, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the solution dehumidification system is characterized in that it includes a dehumidifier A, a dehumidifier B, a dilute solution reservoir, and a dilute solution connected by a solution pipeline. Solution pump, solution condenser, solution regenerator, concentrated solution reservoir, concentrated solution pump (A, B). 6. According to claim 5, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the solution condenser is a common equipment for the connection of the refrigeration cycle system and the solution dehumidification system. It is characterized in that the air inlet of the dehumidification cooler A is connected to the outlet air duct of the medium-temperature storage, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower A; the air inlet of the dehumidification cooler B is connected to the outlet of the air pipe of the low-temperature storage, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the blower B . 7. According to claim 1, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the low-temperature storage air circulation system includes a low-temperature cold storage, a dehumidification cooler B, and a blower B connected by air ducts. 8. According to claim 1, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the air circulation system of the medium temperature storage includes a medium temperature cold storage connected by air ducts, a solution full heat exchanger, a dehumidification cooler A, and a blower A, The solution total heat exchanger is for respiration and ventilation of vegetables, fruits and personnel in the medium temperature storage. 9. According to claim 7, a small and medium-sized frost-free cold storage refrigeration device based on solution cooling and dehumidification, the solution total heat heat exchanger structure is a combination of units, and it is characterized in that there are four air pipes connected, two of which are connected to the storage, The two are connected to the outside to realize the ventilation of the medium-temperature storage while recovering the cold energy in the exhausted air and replacing the moisture in the outdoor air.