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CN204412040U - A kind of combined type Gas Purification Factory low concentration acid gas processing device - Google Patents

A kind of combined type Gas Purification Factory low concentration acid gas processing device Download PDF

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CN204412040U
CN204412040U CN201420710263.7U CN201420710263U CN204412040U CN 204412040 U CN204412040 U CN 204412040U CN 201420710263 U CN201420710263 U CN 201420710263U CN 204412040 U CN204412040 U CN 204412040U
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acid gas
sulfur
gas
oxidation reaction
absorption
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郑欣
范君来
张文超
王登海
乔光辉
赵一农
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Xian Changqing Technology Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

A kind of combined type Gas Purification Factory low concentration acid gas processing device provided by the utility model, comprise solid phase direct oxidation reaction and liquid phase oxidation reaction, described solid phase direct oxidation reaction and liquid phase oxidation reaction are connected in series, and the secondary sulphur condensation separator of described solid phase direct oxidation reaction is connected with the tail gas condenser in described liquid phase oxidation reaction.Solve the problem that Gas Purification Factory process low concentration acid gas process sulfur recovery rate is low and operating cost is high, total sulfur recovery reaches 99.9%, makes full use of novel oxidized catalyst choice, improves sulfur recovery rate, reclaims high-quality sulphur; Low Sulfur capacity acid gas ensures discharge gas reduction operating cost up to standard by liquid phase oxidation technique.

Description

一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置A combined low-concentration acid gas treatment device in a natural gas purification plant

技术领域:Technical field:

本实用新型涉及一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置。 The utility model relates to a low-concentration acid gas treatment device for a combined natural gas purification plant.

背景技术:Background technique:

    酸气是指从酸性天然气中脱出的酸性气体混合物,其主要成分为H2S和CO2,并含少量的烃类。 Sour gas refers to the acid gas mixture extracted from sour natural gas, its main components are H 2 S and CO 2 , and contain a small amount of hydrocarbons.

H2S含量小于15%的低浓度酸气不能用Claus法硫磺回收及延伸工艺处理,目前低浓度酸气天然气净化厂多采用传统固相催化剂直接氧化法或者液相催化剂直接氧化法。传统固相催化剂克劳斯活性好、选择性差,生成SO2的副反应,硫回收率最高90%左右,难以达到目前的排放标准。液相催化剂直接氧化法硫回收率可达到99.9%,但产品为水及杂质60.0%(wt)硫磺饼,硫磺品质差,难以销售,整个装置运行成本高。由于传统的低浓度酸气处理技术存在尾气排放不达标或者硫磺产品不合格及装置运行成本高等问题,目前天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理是一个难点。 Low-concentration acid gas with H 2 S content less than 15% cannot be treated by Claus method sulfur recovery and extension process. At present, low-concentration acid gas natural gas purification plants mostly use traditional solid-phase catalyst direct oxidation method or liquid-phase catalyst direct oxidation method. The traditional solid-phase catalyst Claus has good activity, poor selectivity, side reaction of generating SO 2 , and the highest sulfur recovery rate is about 90%, which is difficult to meet the current emission standards. The sulfur recovery rate of the liquid-phase catalyst direct oxidation method can reach 99.9%, but the product is sulfur cake with 60.0% (wt) of water and impurities. The sulfur is of poor quality and difficult to sell. Because the traditional low-concentration acid gas treatment technology has problems such as unqualified tail gas emissions or unqualified sulfur products and high operating costs of the device, low-concentration sour gas treatment in natural gas purification plants is currently a difficult point.

随着国家环保要求的日益严格,各个行业相应制定了更加严格的大气污染物排放标准。目前天然气净化厂的SO2排放控制主要是通过生产工艺措施,提高硫磺回收率来实现的,这也是国外天然气净化行业的普遍做法。目前国内外天然气净化厂高浓度酸气通常采用Claus法回收硫磺,为了满足排放标准进一步提高硫回收率增加了尾气处理工艺,主要有延伸克劳斯法、还原吸收法和催化剂直接氧化法。 With the increasingly stringent national environmental protection requirements, various industries have formulated stricter air pollutant emission standards. At present, the control of SO 2 emissions in natural gas purification plants is mainly achieved through production process measures to increase the recovery rate of sulfur, which is also a common practice in foreign natural gas purification industries. At present, high-concentration acid gas in natural gas purification plants at home and abroad usually adopts the Claus method to recover sulfur. In order to meet the emission standards and further improve the sulfur recovery rate, tail gas treatment processes are added, mainly including extended Claus method, reduction absorption method and catalyst direct oxidation method.

常规Claus法硫磺回收工艺及其延伸克劳斯工艺受反应温度的限制一般用做处理H2S含量大于15%的酸气,该方法已是十分成熟的工艺技术。克劳斯反应是微放热反应、从平衡常数较小来看是可逆反应,该类工艺的最高硫回收率仅为99.2%。由于转化率的限制目前已停止引进,或已建成的装置已进行改造适应新的环保排放要求。 Conventional Claus method sulfur recovery process and its extended Claus process are generally used to treat acid gas with H 2 S content greater than 15% due to the limitation of reaction temperature. This method is already a very mature process technology. The Claus reaction is a slightly exothermic reaction, and it is a reversible reaction from the perspective of a small equilibrium constant. The highest sulfur recovery rate of this type of process is only 99.2%. Due to the limitation of the conversion rate, the introduction has been stopped, or the built devices have been modified to meet the new environmental protection emission requirements.

还原吸收法尾气处理工艺方法成熟,总的硫回收率可达99.8%以上。但由于其工艺流程较复杂,投资与操作费用高,一般用于较大规模的Claus装置的尾气处理。 The reduction and absorption tail gas treatment process is mature, and the total sulfur recovery rate can reach more than 99.8%. However, due to its complicated process flow and high investment and operating costs, it is generally used for tail gas treatment of larger-scale Claus units.

H2S含量小于15%的酸气目前国内没有有效的处理方式,目前传统的处理方式多采用催化剂直接氧化法,分为液相氧化和固体氧化工艺。在催化剂的作用下,直接把H2S氧化为单质硫。 Sour gas with H 2 S content less than 15% currently has no effective treatment methods in China. At present, the traditional treatment methods mostly use catalyst direct oxidation method, which is divided into liquid phase oxidation and solid oxidation process. Under the action of the catalyst, H 2 S is directly oxidized to elemental sulfur.

液相氧化工艺主要是络合铁液相氧化技术(LO-CAT工艺),络合铁液相氧化工艺利用铁基催化剂完成氧化反应,进行硫磺回收的工艺方法。其核心设备是吸收/氧化反应器。主要适用于硫含量相对较小的酸气或废气的处理。 LO-CAT装置能够达到99.9%以上的硫脱出效率。 络合铁液相氧化技术需要添加5种化学品溶剂,溶剂消耗量大;溶剂供给系统复杂,运行成本高,生产每吨硫磺药剂及能耗消耗约3500-4000元。液相氧化工艺产品为含水及杂质60.0%(wt)硫磺饼,硫磺品质差,难以销售。 The liquid-phase oxidation process is mainly the complex iron liquid-phase oxidation technology (LO-CAT process). The complex iron liquid-phase oxidation process uses an iron-based catalyst to complete the oxidation reaction and recover sulfur. Its core equipment is the absorption/oxidation reactor. It is mainly suitable for the treatment of acid gas or waste gas with relatively small sulfur content. The LO-CAT device can achieve a sulfur removal efficiency of over 99.9%. The complex iron liquid phase oxidation technology needs to add 5 kinds of chemical solvents, and the solvent consumption is large; the solvent supply system is complex, the operating cost is high, and the production of sulfur chemicals and energy consumption per ton is about 3500-4000 yuan. The product of the liquid phase oxidation process is a sulfur cake containing 60.0% (wt) of water and impurities. The quality of the sulfur is poor and it is difficult to sell.

     固相催化剂直接氧化法,催化剂多选择了具有克劳斯活性的催化剂,由于该催化剂低温活性、选择性较差,催化剂既有催化H2S氧反应生成单质S,也有催化生成SO2副反应,降低了硫磺收率,硫收率小于90%,难以满足越来越严格的排放要求,目前已建设备进行装置改造。 In the direct oxidation method of solid-phase catalysts, the catalysts are mostly those with Claus activity. Due to the low-temperature activity and poor selectivity of the catalysts, the catalysts not only catalyze the reaction of H 2 S oxygen to generate elemental S, but also catalyze the side reactions of generating SO 2 , reducing the sulfur yield, the sulfur yield is less than 90%, it is difficult to meet the increasingly stringent emission requirements, and the existing equipment is currently undergoing device transformation.

实用新型内容 Utility model content

本实用新型是针对目前天然气净化厂处理低浓度酸气存在的硫回收率低、运行成本高的问题而开发的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置。其采用新型选择性高的固相催化剂氧化工艺串联液相氧化工艺,成功的解决了天然气净化厂处理低浓度酸气处理硫回收率低和运行成本高的问题。 The utility model is a combined low-concentration sour gas treatment device developed for natural gas purification plants for the problems of low sulfur recovery rate and high operating cost in the treatment of low-concentration acid gas in current natural gas purification plants. It adopts a new type of high-selectivity solid-phase catalyst oxidation process in series with liquid-phase oxidation process, which successfully solves the problems of low sulfur recovery rate and high operating cost in natural gas purification plants for low-concentration acid gas treatment.

本实用新型采用的技术方案: The technical scheme that the utility model adopts:

     一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,包括固相氧化反应装置和液相氧化反应装置,固相氧化反应装置和液相氧化反应装置串联连接; A combined low-concentration acid gas treatment device in a natural gas purification plant, including a solid-phase oxidation reaction device and a liquid-phase oxidation reaction device, the solid-phase oxidation reaction device and the liquid-phase oxidation reaction device are connected in series;

所述固相氧化反应装置包括等温反应器,所述的等温反应器的上端进口通过管线连接有酸气分离器,所述酸气分离器的上端入口连接有酸气管道,所述酸气分离器与所述等温反应器之间依次连接有酸气增压风机和酸气预热器,所述等温反应器的上端进口依次串联有空气预热器、空气鼓风机,所述空气鼓风机的上部进口连接有空气管道,所述等温反应器的下端出口连接有一级硫冷凝器,所述一级硫冷凝器出口连接有一级硫冷凝分离器; The solid phase oxidation reaction device includes an isothermal reactor, the upper inlet of the isothermal reactor is connected with an acid gas separator through a pipeline, the upper inlet of the acid gas separator is connected with an acid gas pipeline, and the acid gas separator An acid gas booster fan and an acid gas preheater are sequentially connected between the isothermal reactor and the isothermal reactor, and an air preheater and an air blower are connected in series at the upper inlet of the isothermal reactor, and the upper inlet of the air blower An air pipeline is connected, the outlet at the lower end of the isothermal reactor is connected with a primary sulfur condenser, and the outlet of the primary sulfur condenser is connected with a primary sulfur condensation separator;

所述液相氧化反应装置包括吸收氧化塔,所述吸收氧化塔的入口端连接有气液分离器,气液分离器的入口端连接有尾气冷凝器; The liquid-phase oxidation reaction device includes an absorption oxidation tower, the inlet end of the absorption oxidation tower is connected with a gas-liquid separator, and the inlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a tail gas condenser;

所述固相氧化反应装置的一级硫冷凝分离器的上端出口与液相氧化反应装置的尾气冷凝器入口连接。 The outlet of the upper end of the primary sulfur condensation separator of the solid-phase oxidation reaction device is connected with the inlet of the tail gas condenser of the liquid-phase oxidation reaction device.

    所述一级硫冷凝分离器与所述尾气冷凝器之间依次连接有绝热反应器和二级硫冷凝分离器,所述绝热反应器与所述二级硫冷凝分离器之间连接有二级硫冷凝器。 An adiabatic reactor and a secondary sulfur condensation separator are sequentially connected between the primary sulfur condensation separator and the tail gas condenser, and a secondary sulfur condensation separator is connected between the adiabatic reactor and the secondary sulfur condensation separator. sulfur condenser.

    所述等温反应器的上端入口连接有气包,所述气包的底部出口与温反应器的下端出口连通,气包的入口连接有锅炉补水管道。 The upper inlet of the isothermal reactor is connected to a gas bag, the bottom outlet of the gas bag is connected to the lower outlet of the warm reactor, and the inlet of the gas bag is connected to a boiler water supply pipe.

    所述吸收氧化塔的上部出口连接有过滤器,所述过滤器与所述吸收氧化塔之间设置有空气鼓风机。 A filter is connected to the upper outlet of the absorption oxidation tower, and an air blower is arranged between the filter and the absorption oxidation tower.

    所述吸收氧化塔为锥形,所述吸收氧化塔锥形底部出口连接有硫浆泵。 The absorption and oxidation tower is conical, and the outlet of the conical bottom of the absorption and oxidation tower is connected with a sulfur slurry pump.

    还包括换热器,所述换热器的两端与吸收氧化塔连接,所述换热器与吸收氧化塔之间设置有溶液循环泵。 It also includes a heat exchanger, the two ends of the heat exchanger are connected to the absorption oxidation tower, and a solution circulation pump is arranged between the heat exchanger and the absorption oxidation tower.

    本实用新型的有益效果: Beneficial effects of the utility model:

对低H2S浓度(H2S<15%)酸气处理工艺,满足现在越来越严格的排放标准。通过采用固相直接氧化串联液相氧化技术,固相直接氧化催化剂选用低温活性好,选择性高的国产新型催化剂,通过酸气浓度的高低选用直接选择氧化和直接氧化两级反应器或者直接选择氧化一级反应器99.6%的H2S转化为高品质硫磺。 For the low H 2 S concentration (H 2 S<15%) acid gas treatment process, it can meet the increasingly stringent emission standards. By adopting the solid-phase direct oxidation series liquid-phase oxidation technology, the solid-phase direct oxidation catalyst selects a new domestic catalyst with good low-temperature activity and high selectivity, and selects direct selective oxidation and direct oxidation two-stage reactor or direct selection according to the level of acid gas concentration. 99.6% of the H 2 S in the primary oxidation reactor is converted into high-quality sulfur.

过程中酸气经过冷却后进入络合铁液相氧化反应器,通过液相氧化把剩余的H2S直接氧化成硫浆,总硫回收率达到99.9%。通过固相催化氧化法回收大部分硫磺,大大降低进液相氧化反应器总硫容,降低液相氧化技术运行成本。 During the process, the acid gas enters the complex iron liquid phase oxidation reactor after being cooled, and the remaining H 2 S is directly oxidized into sulfur slurry through liquid phase oxidation, and the total sulfur recovery rate reaches 99.9%. Most of the sulfur is recovered through the solid-phase catalytic oxidation method, which greatly reduces the total sulfur capacity of the liquid-phase oxidation reactor and reduces the operating cost of the liquid-phase oxidation technology.

通过选择氧化法和液相氧化法工艺组合,充分利用新型氧化催化剂选择性,提高硫回收率,回收高品质硫磺;低硫容酸气通过液相氧化工艺保证尾气排放达标降低运行成本。 Through the combination of selective oxidation method and liquid phase oxidation method, make full use of the selectivity of the new oxidation catalyst, improve the sulfur recovery rate, and recover high-quality sulfur; low sulfur capacity acid gas through the liquid phase oxidation process to ensure that the tail gas discharge meets the standard and reduce operating costs.

下面结合附图作进一步说明。 Further description will be made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

附图说明:Description of drawings:

图1为组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置的工艺示意图。 Figure 1 is a process schematic diagram of a low-concentration acid gas treatment device in a combined natural gas purification plant.

图中:1、酸气分离器;2、酸气增压风机;3、酸气预热器;4、空气鼓风机;5、空气预热器;6、等温反应器;7、一级硫冷凝器;8、一级硫冷凝分离器;9、二级反应预热器;10、绝热反应器;11、二级硫冷凝器;12、二级硫冷凝分离器;13、气包;14、尾气冷却器;15、气液分离器;16、吸收氧化塔;17、过滤器;18、空气鼓风机;19、硫浆泵;20、溶液循环泵;21、换热器。 In the figure: 1. Acid gas separator; 2. Acid gas booster fan; 3. Acid gas preheater; 4. Air blower; 5. Air preheater; 6. Isothermal reactor; 7. Primary sulfur condensation 8. Primary sulfur condensation separator; 9. Secondary reaction preheater; 10. Adiabatic reactor; 11. Secondary sulfur condenser; 12. Secondary sulfur condensation separator; 13. Gas bag; 14. Exhaust gas cooler; 15. Gas-liquid separator; 16. Absorption oxidation tower; 17. Filter; 18. Air blower; 19. Sulfur slurry pump; 20. Solution circulation pump; 21. Heat exchanger.

a、酸气管道;b、空气管道;c、锅炉补水管道;d、中压蒸汽管道;e、酸性凝液至污水处理管道;f、尾气管道;g、消泡剂管道;h、KOH溶液管道;i、化学溶液管道;j、除盐水管道;k、真空带滤机;m、储罐。 a, acid gas pipeline; b, air pipeline; c, boiler water supply pipeline; d, medium pressure steam pipeline; e, acid condensate to sewage treatment pipeline; f, tail gas pipeline; g, defoamer pipeline; h, KOH solution Pipeline; i, chemical solution pipeline; j, desalinated water pipeline; k, vacuum belt filter; m, storage tank.

具体实施方式:Detailed ways:

实施例1: Example 1:

本实用新型是针对目前天然气净化厂处理低浓度酸气存在的硫回收率低、运行成本高的问题而开发的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置。其采用新型选择性高的固相催化剂氧化工艺串联液相氧化工艺,成功的解决了天然气净化厂处理低浓度酸气处理硫回收率低和运行成本高的问题。 The utility model is a combined low-concentration sour gas treatment device developed for natural gas purification plants for the problems of low sulfur recovery rate and high operating cost in the treatment of low-concentration acid gas in current natural gas purification plants. It adopts a new type of high-selectivity solid-phase catalyst oxidation process in series with liquid-phase oxidation process, which successfully solves the problems of low sulfur recovery rate and high operating cost in natural gas purification plants for low-concentration acid gas treatment.

本实用新型所提供得如图1所示的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置及方法对低H2S浓度(H2S<15%)酸气处理工艺,满足现在越来越严格的排放标准。 The utility model provides a combined type natural gas purification plant low-concentration acid gas treatment device and method as shown in Figure 1. The low H 2 S concentration (H 2 S<15%) acid gas treatment process satisfies the current increasing more stringent emission standards.

    如图1所示,包括固相氧化反应装置和液相氧化反应装置,固相氧化反应装置和液相氧化反应装置串联连接; As shown in Figure 1, it includes a solid-phase oxidation reaction device and a liquid-phase oxidation reaction device, and the solid-phase oxidation reaction device and the liquid-phase oxidation reaction device are connected in series;

 所述固相氧化反应装置包括等温反应器6,所述的等温反应器6的上端进口通过管线连接有酸气分离器1,所述酸气分离器1的上端入口连接有酸气管道a,所述酸气分离器1与所述等温反应器6之间依次连接有酸气增压风机2和酸气预热器3,所述等温反应器6的上端进口依次串联有空气预热器5、空气鼓风机4,所述空气鼓风机4的上部进口连接有空气管道b,所述等温反应器6的下端出口连接有一级硫冷凝器7,所述一级硫冷凝器7出口连接有一级硫冷凝分离器8; The solid-phase oxidation reaction device includes an isothermal reactor 6, the upper end inlet of the isothermal reactor 6 is connected with an acid gas separator 1 through a pipeline, and the upper end inlet of the acid gas separator 1 is connected with an acid gas pipeline a, An acid gas booster fan 2 and an acid gas preheater 3 are sequentially connected between the acid gas separator 1 and the isothermal reactor 6, and an air preheater 5 is connected in series at the inlet of the upper end of the isothermal reactor 6 , air blower 4, the upper inlet of described air blower 4 is connected with air duct b, the outlet of the lower end of described isothermal reactor 6 is connected with primary sulfur condenser 7, and the outlet of described primary sulfur condenser 7 is connected with primary sulfur condensation Separator 8;

 所述液相氧化反应装置包括吸收氧化塔16,所述吸收氧化塔16的入口端连接有气液分离器15,气液分离器15的入口端连接有尾气冷凝器14; The liquid-phase oxidation reaction device includes an absorption oxidation tower 16, the inlet end of the absorption oxidation tower 16 is connected with a gas-liquid separator 15, and the inlet end of the gas-liquid separator 15 is connected with a tail gas condenser 14;

所述固相氧化反应装置的一级硫冷凝分离器8的上端出口与液相氧化反应装置的尾气冷凝器14入口连接。 The outlet at the upper end of the primary sulfur condensation separator 8 of the solid-phase oxidation reaction device is connected to the inlet of the tail gas condenser 14 of the liquid-phase oxidation reaction device.

混合后气体进入等温反应器6,在等温反应器6内进行选择性氧化反应,将大部分的H2S 直接氧化成硫蒸汽,等温反应后的硫蒸汽进入一级硫冷凝器7,冷却至125℃进入一级硫冷凝分离器8分离出液硫,液硫进入储罐m,出一级硫冷凝分离器8的尾气经过二级反应预热器9加热至160℃后进入绝热反应器10进行直接氧化反应,反应后的硫蒸汽进入二级硫冷凝器11冷却至125℃进入二级硫冷凝分离器12分离出液硫,液硫进入储罐m;等温反应器6内设换热盘管将化学反应产生的热量取走,换热盘管产生的蒸汽和水在气包13中分离出蒸汽和水,产生蒸汽一部分作为酸气预热器3和空气预热器5热源,其余部分中压蒸汽出装置,产生的水进入等温反应器6换热盘管循环。 The mixed gas enters the isothermal reactor 6, where a selective oxidation reaction is carried out, most of the H 2 S is directly oxidized into sulfur vapor, and the sulfur vapor after the isothermal reaction enters the primary sulfur condenser 7, and is cooled to Enter the primary sulfur condensation separator 8 at 125°C to separate the liquid sulfur, the liquid sulfur enters the storage tank m, and the tail gas exiting the primary sulfur condensation separator 8 is heated to 160°C by the secondary reaction preheater 9 and then enters the adiabatic reactor 10 Carry out direct oxidation reaction, the reacted sulfur vapor enters the secondary sulfur condenser 11 and cools to 125°C, enters the secondary sulfur condensation separator 12 to separate the liquid sulfur, and the liquid sulfur enters the storage tank m; the isothermal reactor 6 is equipped with a heat exchange plate The tube takes away the heat generated by the chemical reaction, and the steam and water generated by the heat exchange coil are separated into steam and water in the air bag 13, and part of the generated steam is used as the heat source of the acid gas preheater 3 and the air preheater 5, and the rest The medium-pressure steam exits the device, and the generated water enters the isothermal reactor 6 for heat exchange coil circulation.

    所述一级硫冷凝分离器8与所述尾气冷凝器14之间依次连接有、绝热反应器10、二级硫冷凝器11、二级硫冷凝分离器12。 An adiabatic reactor 10, a secondary sulfur condenser 11, and a secondary sulfur condensation separator 12 are sequentially connected between the primary sulfur condensation separator 8 and the tail gas condenser 14.

    所述等温反应器6的上端入口连接有气包13,所述气包13的底部出口与温反应器6的下端出口连通,气包13的入口连接有锅炉补水管道c。 The upper inlet of the isothermal reactor 6 is connected to a gas bag 13, the bottom outlet of the gas bag 13 is connected to the lower outlet of the warm reactor 6, and the inlet of the gas bag 13 is connected to a boiler water supply pipe c.

实施例2: Example 2:

所述吸收氧化塔16的上部出口连接有过滤器17,所述过滤器17与所述吸收氧化塔16之间设置有空气鼓风机18。 The upper outlet of the absorption oxidation tower 16 is connected with a filter 17 , and an air blower 18 is arranged between the filter 17 and the absorption oxidation tower 16 .

出二级硫冷凝分离器12的尾气经过尾气冷却器14冷却至50℃通过气液分离器15进入吸收氧化塔16,尾气中的H2S气体与吸收氧化塔16中的碱性溶液进行反应吸收,与吸收氧化塔16内的螯合铁氧化反应生成硫单质;空气经过过滤器17进入空气鼓风机18增压后进入吸收氧化塔16把铁离子氧化再生循环利用。 The tail gas exiting the secondary sulfur condensation separator 12 is cooled to 50°C through the tail gas cooler 14 and enters the absorption oxidation tower 16 through the gas-liquid separator 15, and the H 2 S gas in the tail gas reacts with the alkaline solution in the absorption oxidation tower 16 Absorption, oxidation reaction with the chelated iron in the absorption oxidation tower 16 to generate sulfur element; the air enters the air blower 18 through the filter 17 for pressurization and then enters the absorption oxidation tower 16 to oxidize and regenerate iron ions for recycling.

    实施例3: Example 3:

    所述吸收氧化塔16为锥形,所述吸收氧化塔16锥形底部出口连接有硫浆泵19。 The absorption and oxidation tower 16 is conical, and the outlet of the conical bottom of the absorption and oxidation tower 16 is connected with a sulfur slurry pump 19.

还包括换热器21,所述换热器21的两端与吸收氧化塔16连接,所述换热器21与吸收氧化塔16之间设置有溶液循环泵20。 It also includes a heat exchanger 21 , the two ends of the heat exchanger 21 are connected to the absorption oxidation tower 16 , and a solution circulation pump 20 is arranged between the heat exchanger 21 and the absorption oxidation tower 16 .

当吸收氧化塔16椎体底部的硫浆浓度达到5%以上时,由硫浆泵19抽送至带滤机除去水分,得到60.0%(wt)硫磺饼。出吸收氧化塔16排放的达标尾气中SO2和H2S 浓度小于10ppm(v)。吸收氧化塔内溶液通过溶液循环泵20进入换热器21维持吸收氧化塔内温度恒定。通过溶液储罐给吸收氧化塔16补充反应消耗的KOH溶液和化学溶液。 When the concentration of the sulfur slurry at the bottom of the vertebral body of the absorption and oxidation tower 16 reaches more than 5%, it is pumped by the sulfur slurry pump 19 to a belt filter to remove moisture to obtain 60.0% (wt) sulfur cake. The concentration of SO 2 and H 2 S in the up-to-standard tail gas discharged from the absorption oxidation tower 16 is less than 10ppm (v). The solution in the absorption oxidation tower enters the heat exchanger 21 through the solution circulation pump 20 to maintain a constant temperature in the absorption oxidation tower. The KOH solution and chemical solution consumed by the reaction are replenished to the absorption oxidation tower 16 through the solution storage tank.

    实施例4: Example 4:

    一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理方法,其具体步骤如下, A method for treating low-concentration acid gas in a combined natural gas purification plant, the specific steps are as follows,

(1)在所述固相直接氧化分离器中,从装置外来的酸气通过酸气通道a进入酸气分离器1分离后经过酸气增压风机2增压,增压后经酸气预热器3加热至180℃;同时,空气通过空气通道b进入空气鼓风机4增压,增压后通过空气预热器5加热至180℃后与通过酸气预热器3的酸气混合; (1) In the solid-phase direct oxidation separator, the acid gas from the device enters the acid gas separator 1 through the acid gas channel a and is separated and then pressurized by the acid gas booster fan 2. The heater 3 is heated to 180°C; at the same time, the air enters the air blower 4 through the air channel b to pressurize, and after the pressurization, it is heated to 180°C by the air preheater 5 and then mixed with the acid gas passing through the acid gas preheater 3;

(2)当混合后气体进入等温反应器6,在等温反应器6内进行选择性氧化反应,将H2S 直接氧化成硫蒸汽,等温反应后的硫蒸汽进入一级硫冷凝器7,冷却至125℃进入一级硫冷凝分离器8分离出液硫,液硫进入储罐m; (2) When the mixed gas enters the isothermal reactor 6, a selective oxidation reaction is carried out in the isothermal reactor 6, and the H 2 S is directly oxidized into sulfur vapor, and the sulfur vapor after the isothermal reaction enters the first-stage sulfur condenser 7 for cooling Enter the primary sulfur condensation separator 8 to separate the liquid sulfur at 125°C, and the liquid sulfur enters the storage tank m;

(3)出一级硫冷凝分离器8的尾气经过二级反应预热器9加热至160℃后进入绝热反应器10进行直接氧化反应,反应后的硫蒸汽进入二级硫冷凝器11冷却至125℃进入二级硫冷凝分离器12分离出液硫,液硫进入储罐m; (3) The tail gas exiting the primary sulfur condensation separator 8 is heated to 160°C by the secondary reaction preheater 9 and enters the adiabatic reactor 10 for direct oxidation reaction. The reacted sulfur vapor enters the secondary sulfur condenser 11 and is cooled to Enter the secondary sulfur condensation separator 12 at 125°C to separate the liquid sulfur, and the liquid sulfur enters the storage tank m;

(4)等温反应器6内设换热盘管将化学反应产生的热量取走,换热盘管产生的蒸汽和水在气包13中分离出蒸汽和水,产生蒸汽一部分作为酸气预热器3和空气预热器5热源,其余部分中压蒸汽出装置,产生的水进入等温反应器6换热盘管循环; (4) A heat exchange coil is installed in the isothermal reactor 6 to take away the heat generated by the chemical reaction. The steam and water generated by the heat exchange coil are separated in the air drum 13 to separate the steam and water, and part of the generated steam is used as acid gas preheating 3 and the heat source of the air preheater 5, the rest of the medium-pressure steam goes out of the device, and the generated water enters the isothermal reactor 6 for heat exchange coil circulation;

(5)出二级硫冷凝分离器12的尾气经过尾气冷却器14冷却至50℃通过气液分离器15进入吸收氧化塔16,尾气中的H2S气体与吸收氧化塔16中的碱性溶液进行反应吸收,与吸收氧化塔16内的螯合铁氧化反应生成硫单质; (5) The tail gas from the secondary sulfur condensation separator 12 is cooled to 50°C through the tail gas cooler 14 and enters the absorption oxidation tower 16 through the gas-liquid separator 15. The H 2 S gas in the tail gas and the alkalinity in the absorption oxidation tower 16 The solution is reacted and absorbed, and reacts with the chelated iron oxidation reaction in the absorption oxidation tower 16 to generate sulfur element;

(6)在所述液相氧化分离器中,空气通过空气管道b经过过滤器17进入空气鼓风机18增压后进入吸收氧化塔16把铁离子氧化再生循环利用; (6) In the liquid-phase oxidation separator, the air passes through the air pipe b, passes through the filter 17, enters the air blower 18 for pressurization, and then enters the absorption oxidation tower 16 to oxidize and regenerate iron ions for recycling;

(7)当吸收氧化塔16椎体底部的硫浆浓度达到5%以上时,由硫浆泵19抽送至带滤机除去水分,得到60.0%(wt)硫磺饼,出吸收氧化塔16通过尾气管道f排放的达标尾气中SO2和H2S 浓度小于10ppm(v); (7) When the concentration of the sulfur slurry at the bottom of the vertebral body of the absorption and oxidation tower 16 reaches more than 5%, it is pumped by the sulfur slurry pump 19 to the belt filter to remove water, and 60.0% (wt) sulfur cake is obtained, and the exhaust gas is passed out of the absorption and oxidation tower 16 The concentration of SO 2 and H 2 S in the up-to-standard tail gas discharged from pipeline f is less than 10ppm (v);

(8)吸收氧化塔内溶液通过溶液循环泵20进入换热器21维持吸收氧化塔16内温度恒定,通过溶液储罐给吸收氧化塔9通过KOH溶液管道h和化学溶液管道i补充反应消耗的KOH溶液和化学溶液。 (8) The solution in the absorption oxidation tower enters the heat exchanger 21 through the solution circulation pump 20 to maintain a constant temperature in the absorption oxidation tower 16, and supplies the absorption oxidation tower 9 through the solution storage tank through the KOH solution pipeline h and the chemical solution pipeline i to supplement the reaction consumption KOH solution and chemical solution.

从酸气分离器和15气液分离器出来都由酸性凝液通过污水处理管道e至污水处理系统处理,锅炉补水管道c与中压蒸汽管道d都与气包13连接,保证水源充足。消泡剂管道g与溶液循环泵20连接,保证溶液顺利通过溶液循环泵20。 Both the acid gas separator and the gas-liquid separator 15 are treated by the acid condensate through the sewage treatment pipeline e to the sewage treatment system, and the boiler water supply pipeline c and the medium-pressure steam pipeline d are connected to the gas bag 13 to ensure sufficient water source. The defoamer pipeline g is connected to the solution circulation pump 20 to ensure that the solution passes through the solution circulation pump 20 smoothly.

如图1所示,从装置外来的酸性气经过酸性气分离罐1初步分离后进行增压,经酸性预热器3加热至180℃后,与经过空气鼓风机4增压及空气预热器5加热至180℃的空气b混合,并保证混合后气体O2/H2S=0.6-0.8,混合后气体进入等温反应器6。酸性气在等温反应器6通过新型选择性氧化催化剂进行选择性氧化反应,将大部分的H2S 氧化成硫,恒温反应时,换热管21,内产生蒸汽,将反应产生的热量取走,蒸汽一部分作为反应器入口加热器热源,其余部分出装置。等温反应后的气体进入一级硫冷凝器7,冷却至125℃,分离出液硫。经过分离出液硫后的尾气还有少量的H2S 气体,还需要进行深度的绝热反应。该气体经过二级反应预热器9加热至160℃后进入绝热反应器10进行直接氧化反应。反应后的气体经过二级硫冷凝器11冷却至125℃,之后在二级硫冷凝分离器12分离液硫。酸气中H2S浓度较低时可直接采用一级等温反应。 As shown in Figure 1, the acid gas from the device is preliminarily separated by the acid gas separation tank 1, then pressurized, heated to 180°C by the acid preheater 3, and then pressurized by the air blower 4 and air preheater 5 The air b heated to 180°C is mixed, and the mixed gas O 2 /H 2 S=0.6-0.8 is ensured, and the mixed gas enters the isothermal reactor 6 . The acid gas undergoes selective oxidation reaction through the new selective oxidation catalyst in the isothermal reactor 6, and oxidizes most of the H 2 S into sulfur. During the constant temperature reaction, steam is generated in the heat exchange tube 21, and the heat generated by the reaction is taken away. , part of the steam is used as the heat source of the reactor inlet heater, and the rest is out of the device. The gas after the isothermal reaction enters the primary sulfur condenser 7 and is cooled to 125°C to separate liquid sulfur. After the liquid sulfur is separated, the tail gas still contains a small amount of H 2 S gas, and a deep adiabatic reaction is required. The gas is heated to 160° C. by the secondary reaction preheater 9 and enters the adiabatic reactor 10 for direct oxidation reaction. The reacted gas is cooled to 125° C. through the secondary sulfur condenser 11 , and then the liquid sulfur is separated in the secondary sulfur condensation separator 12 . When the concentration of H 2 S in the acid gas is low, the first-order isothermal reaction can be directly adopted.

采用新型选择性直接氧化催化剂,该反应方程如下: Using a novel selective direct oxidation catalyst, the reaction equation is as follows:

选择性氧化脱硫工艺核心技术是其的选择氧化催化剂,其选择氧化催化剂为HS-35,其外观、形状为圆柱形,主要成份是TiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3,规格 mm Φ4×5~15(L),破碎强度 N/cm ≥120,堆积密度 kg/m3 900~1100,比表面 m2/g 100~120,硫收率 % ≥95.0,使用寿命 年 ≥3.0。 The core technology of the selective oxidation desulfurization process is its selective oxidation catalyst. The selective oxidation catalyst is HS-35. Its appearance and shape are cylindrical. The main components are TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , and the specification is mm Φ4 ×5~15(L), crushing strength N/cm ≥120, bulk density kg/m 3 900~1100, specific surface m 2 /g 100~120, sulfur yield % ≥95.0, service life ≥3.0 years.

深度氧化催化剂为HS-38,其形状为圆柱形,主要成份是TiO2、MoO、Fe2O3,规格 mm Φ4×5~15(L),破碎强度 N/cm ≥120,堆积密度 kg/m3 950~1050,硫收率 % ≥95.0,使用寿命 年 ≥3.0。 The deep oxidation catalyst is HS-38, its shape is cylindrical, the main components are TiO 2 , MoO, Fe 2 O 3 , the specification is mm Φ4×5~15 (L), the crushing strength is N/cm ≥120, and the bulk density is kg/ m 3 950~1050, sulfur yield % ≥ 95.0, service life ≥ 3.0 years.

该催化剂具有较好的低温活性和选择性,在130℃即可使用,无克劳斯反应活性,活性稳定,且其选择氧化是不可逆反应。该反应是非平衡反应,因此其出口H2S浓度不受热力学平衡影响,总硫回收率高。 The catalyst has good low-temperature activity and selectivity, can be used at 130°C, has no Claus reaction activity, has stable activity, and its selective oxidation is an irreversible reaction. The reaction is a non-equilibrium reaction, so the outlet H 2 S concentration is not affected by thermodynamic equilibrium, and the total sulfur recovery rate is high.

分离后的尾气冷却至50℃进入液相氧化反应器(LO-CAT装置)。酸气进入主反应器的吸收氧化塔16吸收室底部,空气由空气鼓风机18通入主反应器的吸收氧化塔16底部。反应器吸收氧化塔16内的溶液,主要为除盐水j、螯合物、铁离子、KOH溶液h,化学溶液i。 The separated tail gas is cooled to 50°C and enters the liquid phase oxidation reactor (LO-CAT device). Acid gas enters the bottom of the absorption and oxidation tower 16 of the main reactor, and air is passed into the bottom of the absorption and oxidation tower 16 of the main reactor by an air blower 18 . The reactor absorbs the solution in the oxidation tower 16, mainly demineralized water j, chelates, iron ions, KOH solution h, and chemical solution i.

靠密度差在反应器内部自行循环运动,酸气中的硫化氢溶解后电离,与反应器内的螯合铁反应生成硫单质,被还原的铁离子在空气的氧化作用下而得到再生。当反应器椎体底部的硫浆浓度达到5%以上时,由硫浆泵19抽送至真空带滤机k除去水分,得到60.0%(wt)硫磺饼。 The hydrogen sulfide in the acid gas is dissolved and ionized by the density difference in the reactor, and reacts with the chelated iron in the reactor to form sulfur element, and the reduced iron ions are regenerated under the oxidation of air. When the concentration of the sulfur slurry at the bottom of the reactor cone reaches more than 5%, it is pumped by the sulfur slurry pump 19 to the vacuum belt filter k to remove water and obtain 60.0% (wt) sulfur cake.

Lo-cat工艺是一种在常温、低压条件下进行的硫回收工艺,是在液相中进行,通常用碱性水溶液,催化剂采用水溶性螯合铁离子,整个反应可分成吸收反应,再生反应,同时也有副反应发生。碱性溶液可抑制副反应的发生。化学方程式如下: The Lo-cat process is a sulfur recovery process carried out under normal temperature and low pressure conditions. It is carried out in the liquid phase, usually with alkaline aqueous solution, and the catalyst uses water-soluble chelated iron ions. The whole reaction can be divided into absorption reaction and regeneration reaction. , side effects also occur. Alkaline solution can inhibit the occurrence of side reactions. The chemical formula is as follows:

吸收室:H2S(g)+H2O→H2S(aq)+H2O   (H2S气体的溶解) Absorption chamber: H 2 S(g)+H 2 O→H 2 S(aq)+H 2 O (dissolution of H 2 S gas)

H2S(aq) →H++HS-          (电解反应) H 2 S(aq) →H + +HS - (electrolytic reaction)

HS-+2Fe3+→S(s)+H++2Fe2+   (硫磺形成反应) HS - +2Fe 3+ →S(s)+H + +2Fe 2+ (sulfur formation reaction)

氧化室:O2(g)+2H2O→O2(aq)+ 2H2O  (氧气的溶解) Oxidation chamber: O 2 (g)+2H 2 O→O 2 (aq)+ 2H 2 O (dissolution of oxygen)

O2(aq)+4H++4Fe2+→2H2O+4Fe3+ (溶解氧氧化Fe3+O 2 (aq)+4H + +4Fe 2+ → 2H 2 O+4Fe 3+ (dissolved oxygen oxidizes Fe 3+ )

通过采用固相直接氧化和液相氧化(LO-CAT装置)组合酸气处理技术,保证排放尾气中SO2和H2S浓度小于10ppm(v)。克服了传统克劳斯及其延伸工艺不能处理低H2S浓度(H2S<15%)酸气,解决了直接氧化法处理低浓度酸气硫回收率低,降低硫容减少液相氧化(LO-CAT装置)运行成本。 By adopting solid-phase direct oxidation and liquid-phase oxidation (LO-CAT device) combined acid gas treatment technology, the concentration of SO 2 and H 2 S in the exhaust tail gas is guaranteed to be less than 10ppm (v). It overcomes the inability of the traditional Claus and its extended process to handle low H 2 S concentration (H 2 S<15%) sour gas, and solves the problem of low sulfur recovery rate in the treatment of low concentration sour gas by the direct oxidation method, reducing sulfur capacity and liquid phase oxidation (LO-CAT device) Operating costs.

Claims (6)

1.一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,其特征在于:包括固相氧化反应装置和液相氧化反应装置,固相氧化反应装置和液相氧化反应装置串联连接; 1. A low-concentration acid gas treatment device in a combined natural gas purification plant, characterized in that: it comprises a solid-phase oxidation reaction device and a liquid-phase oxidation reaction device, and the solid-phase oxidation reaction device and the liquid-phase oxidation reaction device are connected in series; 所述固相氧化反应装置包括等温反应器(6),所述的等温反应器(6)的上端进口通过管线连接有酸气分离器(1),所述酸气分离器(1)的上端入口连接有酸气管道(a),所述酸气分离器(1)与所述等温反应器(6)之间依次连接有酸气增压风机(2)和酸气预热器(3),所述等温反应器(6)的上端进口依次串联有空气预热器(5)、空气鼓风机(4),所述空气鼓风机(4)的上部进口连接有空气管道(b),所述等温反应器(6)的下端出口连接有一级硫冷凝器(7),所述一级硫冷凝器(7)出口连接有一级硫冷凝分离器(8); The solid-phase oxidation reaction device includes an isothermal reactor (6), the inlet of the upper end of the isothermal reactor (6) is connected to an acid gas separator (1) through a pipeline, and the upper end of the acid gas separator (1) An acid gas pipeline (a) is connected to the inlet, and an acid gas booster fan (2) and an acid gas preheater (3) are sequentially connected between the acid gas separator (1) and the isothermal reactor (6) , the upper inlet of the isothermal reactor (6) is connected in series with an air preheater (5) and an air blower (4), the upper inlet of the air blower (4) is connected with an air pipe (b), and the isothermal The outlet at the lower end of the reactor (6) is connected with a primary sulfur condenser (7), and the outlet of the primary sulfur condenser (7) is connected with a primary sulfur condensation separator (8); 所述液相氧化反应装置包括吸收氧化塔(16),所述吸收氧化塔(16)的入口端连接有气液分离器(15),气液分离器(15)的入口端连接有尾气冷凝器(14); The liquid-phase oxidation reaction device includes an absorption oxidation tower (16), the inlet end of the absorption oxidation tower (16) is connected with a gas-liquid separator (15), and the inlet end of the gas-liquid separator (15) is connected with a tail gas condensing device (14); 所述固相氧化反应装置的一级硫冷凝分离器(8)的上端出口与液相氧化反应装置的尾气冷凝器(14)入口连接。 The outlet at the upper end of the primary sulfur condensation separator (8) of the solid-phase oxidation reaction device is connected to the inlet of the tail gas condenser (14) of the liquid-phase oxidation reaction device. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,其特征在于:所述一级硫冷凝分离器(8)与所述尾气冷凝器(14)之间依次连接有绝热反应器(10)和二级硫冷凝分离器(12),所述绝热反应器(10)与所述二级硫冷凝分离器(12)之间连接有二级硫冷凝器(11)。 2. A combined low-concentration acid gas treatment device in a natural gas purification plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first-stage sulfur condensation separator (8) and the tail gas condenser (14) are sequentially An adiabatic reactor (10) and a secondary sulfur condensation separator (12) are connected, and a secondary sulfur condenser (11) is connected between the adiabatic reactor (10) and the secondary sulfur condensation separator (12). ). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,其特征在于:所述等温反应器(6)的上端入口连接有气包(13),所述气包(13)的底部出口与温反应器(6)的下端出口连通,气包(13)的入口连接有锅炉补水管道(c)。 3. A combined type natural gas purification plant low-concentration acid gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end inlet of the isothermal reactor (6) is connected to a gas bag (13), and the gas bag The outlet at the bottom of (13) communicates with the outlet at the lower end of the warm reactor (6), and the inlet of the air bag (13) is connected with a boiler water supply pipe (c). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,其特征在于:所述吸收氧化塔(16)的上部出口连接有过滤器(17),所述过滤器(17)与所述吸收氧化塔(16)之间设置有空气鼓风机(18)。 4. A combined type natural gas purification plant low-concentration acid gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper outlet of the absorption oxidation tower (16) is connected with a filter (17), and the filter An air blower (18) is provided between (17) and the absorption oxidation tower (16). 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,其特征在于:所述吸收氧化塔(16)为锥形,所述吸收氧化塔(16)锥形底部出口连接有硫浆泵(19)。 5. A combined type natural gas purification plant low-concentration acid gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the absorption and oxidation tower (16) is conical, and the bottom of the absorption and oxidation tower (16) is conical The outlet is connected with a sulfur slurry pump (19). 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种组合式天然气净化厂低浓度酸气处理装置,其特征在于:还包括换热器(21),所述换热器(21)的两端与吸收氧化塔(16)连接,所述换热器(21)与吸收氧化塔(16)之间设置有溶液循环泵(20)。 6. A combined type natural gas purification plant low-concentration acid gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a heat exchanger (21), and the two ends of the heat exchanger (21) are connected to the absorption oxidation The tower (16) is connected, and a solution circulation pump (20) is arranged between the heat exchanger (21) and the absorption oxidation tower (16).
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104399362A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 Combination-type low-concentration acid gas processing device and method for natural gas conditioning plant
CN111547685A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-18 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Low concentration SF in enclosed space6Gas recovery processing device and method
CN111821844A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-10-27 天津市众天科技发展有限公司 Desulfurization process method combining dry oxidation and wet oxidation

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104399362A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 Combination-type low-concentration acid gas processing device and method for natural gas conditioning plant
CN104399362B (en) * 2014-11-24 2016-08-17 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 A kind of combination type Gas Purification Factory low concentration acid gas processing device and method
CN111547685A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-18 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Low concentration SF in enclosed space6Gas recovery processing device and method
CN111547685B (en) * 2020-04-10 2022-01-25 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Low-concentration SF6 gas recovery processing device and method in closed space
CN111821844A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-10-27 天津市众天科技发展有限公司 Desulfurization process method combining dry oxidation and wet oxidation
CN111821844B (en) * 2020-05-11 2022-06-03 天津市众天科技发展有限公司 Desulfurization process method combining dry oxidation and wet oxidation

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