CN204405503U - A kind of portable quick particle detection - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a portable fast particle detection device, which can detect particles, bacteria and other biological or non-biological particles. The portable rapid particle detection device includes: a mounting base and an adapter provided with a particle detection chip; when the adapter is installed in the mounting base, the particle detection microchannel in the particle detection chip forms a certain inclination angle, so that the sample to be tested is suitable for testing under the action of gravity. Flow along the particle detection microchannel; the detection port of the particle detection microchannel is provided with a signal acquisition circuit for detecting particle size and concentration, a signal amplification and calculation module. On the basis of low cost, the detection efficiency of particles is improved; the driving method guided by gravity and electric field reduces the complexity of chip design, and also reduces the complexity of driving devices, reducing the difficulty and cost of system design, and improving Portability is improved; the detection system can be quickly established by adopting the architecture mode of separation of detection and analysis.

Description

A portable rapid particle detection device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of medical detection, in particular to a portable rapid particle detection device.

Background technique

At present, all blood routine detection technologies are large-scale or desktop devices based on flow cytometry, and there is no commercially available small-scale particle detection equipment; and their shape principles use complex driving methods, and they all use independent The integrated detection system increases the one-time purchase cost of equipment.

However, with the rapid development of third-party testing and the rapid increase in home testing and medical needs, higher requirements are placed on product cost, testing speed, and equipment convenience.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a portable fast particle detection device to solve the technical problem of fast detection and counting of low-cost particles.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a portable fast particle detection device, which includes: a mount and an adapter with a particle detection chip; when the adapter is installed in the mount, the particles in the particle detection chip The detection microchannel forms a certain inclined angle, so that the sample to be tested is suitable for flowing along the particle detection microchannel under the action of gravity; the detection port of the particle detection microchannel is provided with a counting module for particle detection.

Preferably, the particle detection chip includes: a substrate and a sheet-shaped chip part; several through holes are provided on the chip part, and the upper end surface of the substrate is closely attached to the lower end surface of the chip part, And each through hole forms a corresponding liquid storage pool; several of the particle detection microchannels are located on the upper end surface of the substrate, and each particle detection microchannel is suitable for connecting to a corresponding liquid storage pool, wherein any liquid storage pool is a sample In the input port, the particle sample to be detected in the liquid reservoir flows along the particle detection microchannel according to the direction of gravity and/or the direction of electric field.

Preferably, the adapter includes: a circuit board, a gap is left between the lower end surface of the circuit board and the upper end surface of the chip part, and a plurality of contact pins suitable for respectively extending into the chip liquid reservoir are provided on the lower end surface , The contact pin is platinum, silver or other precious metals. These stylus are connected with the channels in the particle detection chip through the liquid reservoir to realize electric field driving and signal acquisition.

Preferably, the mounting base is provided with a socket suitable for oblique insertion of the adapter, and the inclination angle α is 15°-90°.

Preferably, in order to further improve the identification sensitivity of the counting module, the counting module includes: two signal acquisition terminals relatively arranged on both sides of the detection port, the two voltage signal acquisition terminals are respectively connected to the two input terminals of the signal acquisition circuit, And the output end of this signal acquisition circuit is connected with the signal input end of a processor module, and described processor module is suitable for counting and cell detection analysis to the pulse signal of voltage signal acquisition end (that is to obtain particle size distribution, different size particles concentration, the calculation result of the total number of particles).

Preferably, the plurality of contact pins include: a contact pin suitable for providing a bias voltage and a contact pin for collecting signals; wherein the common point of the positive voltage V+ and the negative voltage V- constituting the bias voltage is common to the signal collection circuit; and The stylus for collecting signals is connected to the signal collecting terminal.

Preferably, the signal acquisition circuit includes first, second, and third-stage amplifying units connected in sequence; the first-stage amplifying unit includes: a first-stage differential amplifier circuit, and a connection with the first-stage differential amplifier circuit The first-stage band-pass filter connected to the output end; the output end of the first-stage band-pass filter is connected to the second-stage amplifying unit; the second-stage amplifying unit includes: a second-stage operational amplifier circuit, and The second-stage low-pass filter connected to the output end of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit; the output end of the second-stage low-pass filter is connected to the third-stage amplifying unit; the third-stage amplifying unit includes: A three-stage operational amplifier circuit, and a third-stage low-pass filter connected to the output of the third-stage operational amplifier circuit; the output terminals of the second and third-stage low-pass filters are respectively used as the output of the signal acquisition circuit end.

Preferably, the output end of the second-stage low-pass filter is connected to the processor module through a voltage follower.

Preferably, the pass frequency of the first-stage bandpass filter is 0.5-60 Hz, the cut-off frequency of the second-stage low-pass filter is 10-60 Hz, and the cut-off frequency of the third-stage low-pass filter is 10-60 Hz.

On the other hand, the utility model also provides a working method of a portable rapid particle detection device to solve the technical problem of rapid detection and counting of low-cost particles.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a working method of a portable fast particle detection device, which includes the following steps:

Step S100, the microchannel to be detected is filled with electrolyte liquid to form a conductive path; and a fluid path is formed.

In step S200, the sample to be tested is put into a designated liquid storage pool, and driven by electric field or gravity, the sample to be tested is made to flow along the particle detection microchannel.

Step S300, collect signals through the stylus connected to the detection port of the particle detection microchannel, and perform particle counting to obtain calculation results of particle size distribution, concentration of particles of different sizes, and total number of particles.

Preferably, in order to further improve the identification sensitivity of the counting module, the counting function in the step S300 adopts a counting module, the counting module includes: a signal acquisition circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit includes: sequentially connected first, second, The third amplifying unit, wherein the gain A ₁ of the first-stage amplifying unit, the gain A ₂ of the second-stage amplifying unit, and the gain A ₃ of the third-stage amplifying unit, that is, the total gain of the signal acquisition circuit is A _gain = A ₁ A ₂ A ₃ .

Preferably, the output data of the second-stage amplification unit is particles with a larger diameter, and the output data of the third-stage amplification unit is particles with a smaller diameter; the processor module is suitable for processing the pulse signal at the voltage signal acquisition end. Counting to enable the detection of larger diameter particles in a mixed sample mixed with particles of different diameters.

Further, the diameter of the particles with larger diameters ranges from 5 microns to 35 microns, and the diameter of particles with smaller diameters ranges from 0.5 microns to 5 microns.

Preferably, the processor module is suitable for counting the pulse signals at the voltage signal acquisition end, so as to detect particles with a diameter of 520nm in the mixed sample mixed with particles with a diameter of 1um and 520nm.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model improves the detection efficiency of the particles on the basis of low cost; the particle driving mode under the guidance of gravity plus an electric field reduces the complexity of chip design and circuit design, and at the same time The complex driving device is reduced, the difficulty and cost of system design are further reduced, and the portability is improved; the utility model also adopts an architecture mode of separation of detection and analysis, which can conveniently and quickly establish a detection system anywhere.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a particle detection chip in a portable fast particle detection device;

Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the optimal embodiment of the adapter of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 shows the explosion diagram of the installation of the particle detection chip and the adapter of the present invention;

Fig. 4 shows the schematic structural view of the housing in the adapter of the present invention;

Fig. 5 shows the schematic structural diagram of circuit board and chip assembly in the adapter of the present invention;

Fig. 6 shows the schematic structural diagram of circuit board and chip assembly in the adapter of the present invention;

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the seat body in the mounting seat of the present invention;

Fig. 8 shows the schematic structural view of the pressing piece in the mounting seat of the present invention;

Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of the structure of the installation seat and the adapter of the present invention after installation;

Fig. 10 shows the exploded schematic diagram of the mounting base and the adapter of the present invention after installation;

Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the installation base and the adapter of the present invention after installation;

Fig. 12 shows the circuit principle block diagram of the counting module of the present invention and the first signal acquisition circuit;

Figure 13 shows the resulting voltage signals for 1um particles and 520nm particles.

Among them, the substrate 1, the chip part 2, the liquid reservoir 21, the circuit board 3, the contact pin 31, the contact point 32, the corner shape 33, the shell 4, the installation groove 41, the hypotenuse 411, the installation opening 412, the step 42, Groove 43, through hole 44, seat body 100, window 101, seat body bottom 102, socket 103, mounting table 104, pressing piece 200, metal shrapnel 201, mounting piece 300, adapter 400, particle detection microchannel 500, the measured Particle 501, voltage signal collection terminal 601.

Detailed ways

Now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and only schematically illustrate the basic structure of the utility model, so they only show the configurations related to the utility model.

Example 1

The portable fast particle detection device of the present utility model comprises: a mount and an adapter 400 provided with a particle detection chip; when the adapter 400 is installed in the mount, the particle detection microchannel 500 in the particle detection chip forms a certain inclination The angle α makes the sample to be tested suitable to flow along the particle detection microchannel 500 under the action of gravity; the detection port of the particle detection microchannel 500 is connected with a counting module for particle detection.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a particle detection chip in a portable rapid particle detection device.

Fig. 12 shows the functional block diagram of the counting module and the first signal acquisition circuit of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 12, the particle detection chip includes: a substrate 1 and a sheet-shaped chip part 2, the chip part 2 is provided with a number of through holes, and the upper end surface of the substrate 1 is in contact with the chip part 2. The lower end surface of the chip part 2 is in close contact with each through hole to form a corresponding liquid reservoir 21, and a plurality of the particle detection microchannels 500 are located on the upper end surface of the substrate 1, and each particle detection microchannel 500 is suitable for respectively Connect the corresponding liquid reservoirs 21, wherein any one of the liquid reservoirs is a sample input port, so that the particle samples to be tested in the liquid reservoirs 21 flow out along the detection microchannel 500 in the direction of gravity or the direction of the electric field; The detection particles 501 pass through the detection port in sequence. The liquid reservoir 21 can provide the input of the sample particles and the output of the detection signal. These liquid reservoirs 21 are connected to each other through channels to form a specific network, so as to realize the flow and detection of samples in the channels.

Wherein, the measured particles may include but not limited to various fine particles such as fine particles, such as cells and other biological or non-biological particles.

Optionally, the base material of the substrate 1 and the chip part 2 is such as but not limited to a plastic sheet, a glass sheet, a quartz sheet or a silicon sheet, and is formed on the substrate 1 by etching, injection molding, photolithography, etc. The microparticle detection microchannel.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an optimal embodiment of the adapter of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of the installation of the particle detection chip and the adapter of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the housing in the adapter of the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the assembly of the circuit board and the chip in the adapter of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the circuit board and the chip in the adapter of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 2 to 6, the adapter includes: a circuit board 3, the lower end surface of the circuit board 3 has a gap with the upper end surface of the chip part 2, and the lower end surface is also provided with a plurality of The contact pins 31 extending into the chip reservoir respectively.

Optionally, the stylus is made of platinum, silver or other precious metals, and these styli are connected to channels in the particle detection chip through a liquid reservoir to realize functions such as electric field driving and signal collection.

Specifically, the adapter of the present utility model includes a circuit board 3 and a housing 4, the housing 4 is provided with a mounting groove 41, and the substrate 1, the chip part 2 and the circuit board 3 are sequentially arranged on the housing from bottom to top. In the mounting groove 41 of 4, the said through hole opened on said chip part 2 corresponds to the position of contact pin 31; after said circuit board 3 and chip part 2 are installed, said contact pin 31 extends into said In the liquid storage tank 21; the upper end surface of the circuit board 3 is provided with several contacts 32 connected with the subsequent stage circuit, and the several contacts 32 are respectively connected with several contact pins 31 lines, and the contacts 32 are arranged side by side It is arranged at one end edge of the circuit board 3 . The substrate 1 and the chip part 2 are closely attached to form the particle detection chip, and the sample to be tested flows in the particle detection microchannel 500 to realize signal collection. Only the sample to be tested enters the particle detection microchannel 500 , and then the circuit board 3 is placed in the installation groove 41 to perform rapid detection. Wherein, the stylus 31 is suitable for measuring the parameters of the sample to be tested in the liquid reservoir 21, and these parameters include but not limited to temperature, pH value, ion concentration and other parameters. As shown in Figure 3, the upper part of the housing 4 is open, and the bottom is the installation groove 41, the installation groove 41 has an installation opening 412, and the installation opening 412 has a step 42; Grooves 43 are provided on the sides; through holes 44 are provided in the bottom of the housing 4 .

The mounting groove 41 of the circuit board 3 and the housing 4 is provided with a fool-proof unit, and the fool-proof unit of the circuit board 3 forms a cutout shape 33 on the outer side of a corner of the circuit board 3, and the mounting groove 41 on the mounting groove 41 The fool-proof unit is the oblique side 411 on the inner side of the installation groove 41 corresponding to the notch shape 33 .

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the seat body in the mounting seat of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of the pressing piece in the mounting seat of the present invention.

Fig. 9 shows a structural schematic view of the installation seat and the adapter of the present invention after installation.

Fig. 10 shows an exploded schematic diagram of the mounting base and the adapter of the present invention after installation.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic plan view of the mounting base and the adapter of the present invention after installation.

As shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 11 , the mounting base is provided with a socket 103 suitable for oblique insertion of the adapter 400 , and the inclination angle α is 15°-90°.

Specifically, the installation base of the present utility model includes a seat body 100, which can be placed horizontally or installed horizontally at the bottom, and a socket 103 is provided on the seat body 100, and an adapter is formed downward along the socket 103. The installation platform 104, the inclination angle α between the installation platform 104 and the base body bottom 102 is 15°-90°. Wherein, the inclination angle α is the inclination angle between the installation table 104 and the horizontal plane. Specifically, when the adapter 400 is inserted into the installation table 104, the particle detection microchannel 500 in the particle detection chip inside the adapter 400 also forms an inclination with the horizontal plane. angle, the inclination angle is the inclination angle α.

Preferably, the inclination angle α is 45° or 60°. In the case of these two angles, the tested sample can control the flow speed of the sample through gravity, which is beneficial to the particles being focused during the flow process and also conducive to the high throughput of detection, which is an optimal design choice for us.

The seat body 100 is located above the installation platform 104 and correspondingly has a window 101, the window 101 is close to the inclined bottom of the installation platform 104, and a pressing piece 200 is installed in the window 101, as shown in Figure 8, the The side of the pressing piece 200 facing the installation platform 104 has several metal domes 201 arranged side by side. The pressing piece 200 is fixed by a mounting piece 300 arranged at both ends thereof to achieve the purpose of stable contact. The design of the metal dome 201 ensures full contact with the contacts 32 of the adapter 400. The metal dome 201 adopts a buckle design, Easy to disassemble and maintain.

The adapter 400 is inserted from the socket 103 on the base body 100, and is inserted downward along the socket 103 on the adapter mounting table 104, with the circuit board 3 facing upwards, and several contacts 32 of the circuit board 3 are located at the bottom, Several metal elastic sheets 201 on the pressing sheet 200 on the mounting base of the present invention are respectively in contact with several contacts 32 of the circuit board 3 of the adapter 400 .

The adapter 400 adopts an oblique insertion type, and uses gravity to drive the measured particles in the sample to be tested, which can realize the aggregation and focusing of the measured particles, ensure that the detection area is a single sample passing through one by one, realize high-precision detection, and ensure detection throughput.

The particle detection chip and its adapter of the utility model, because the circuit board is separated from the chip, and the circuit board is not a disposable consumable, one circuit board can meet thousands of detections, and only need to replace the chip in each detection process, and the chip is once Non-volatile consumables, low processing costs, greatly reducing the cost of a single inspection, the chip as a plastic product is easy to recycle, and has a very good environmental protection advantage. The whole operation is very simple, does not require professional technicians, and the equipment is miniaturized and can be used in various mobile or non-mobile application conditions.

Fig. 12 shows the circuit principle block diagram of the counting module of the present invention and the first signal acquisition circuit.

As shown in Figure 12, the counting module includes: two voltage signal acquisition terminals relatively arranged on both sides of the detection port, the two voltage signal acquisition terminals are respectively connected to the two input terminals of the signal acquisition circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit The output terminal is connected with the signal input terminal of a processor module, and the processor module is suitable for counting and analyzing the pulse signal of the voltage signal acquisition terminal. The meaning of the analysis described here is to classify particles of different diameters in the sample according to their diameters according to Coulter's principle.

The signal acquisition circuit may adopt the following implementation manners.

As shown in Figure 12, the signal acquisition circuit includes first, second, and third stage amplifying units connected in sequence; the first stage amplifying unit includes: a first stage differential amplifier circuit, and a differential amplifier circuit with the first stage A first-stage band-pass filter connected to the output of the amplifying circuit; the output of the first-stage band-pass filter is connected to the second-stage amplifying unit; the second-stage amplifying unit includes: a second-stage operational amplifier circuit , and a second-stage low-pass filter connected to the output of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit; the output of the second-stage low-pass filter is connected to the third-stage amplifying unit; the third-stage amplifying unit Including: a third-stage operational amplifier circuit, and a third-stage low-pass filter connected to the output terminal of the third-stage operational amplifier circuit; the output terminals of the second and third-stage low-pass filters are respectively used as signal acquisition output of the circuit.

Preferably, the output end of the second-stage low-pass filter is connected to the processor module through a voltage follower.

Further, the pass frequency of the first-stage band-pass filter is 0.5-60 Hz, the cut-off frequency of the second-stage low-pass filter is 10-60 Hz, and the cut-off frequency of the third-stage low-pass filter is 10-60 Hz.

The output end of the signal acquisition circuit is also adapted to be connected to the signal input end of the processor module through a low-pass filter or a multi-stage filter at the output end, and the band-pass filter or multi-stage filter The pass frequency is 0.5-60Hz, and the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is 10-60Hz. Preferably, according to the particle size, the traction force formed by the chip installation angle will affect the speed of the particle passing through the detection point. This effect is the frequency and time of each occurrence of the particle signal. Therefore, the optimal passing The frequency is 5-60Hz.

Optionally, AD620 is selected for the first-stage differential amplifier circuit, and OP07 is selected for the second-stage and third-stage operational amplifier circuits.

In order to improve the identification sensitivity of the counting module by increasing the differential gain, the counting module uses the differential amplifier circuit in the signal acquisition circuit to offset the noise signal introduced by the detection chip.

Figure 13 shows the resulting voltage curves for 1 um diameter particles and 520 nm diameter particles.

The technical scheme of the signal acquisition circuit solves the technical problem of detecting 520nm particles in a suspension mixed with 1um particles and 520nm particles. As shown in Fig. 13, the peak of particles with a diameter of 520nm is about 300mV, which is clearly distinguished from the baseline with a height of 100mV. 520nm particles will get a high signal-to-noise ratio of 9.54dB under high magnification. The peak of 1um particles can be raised to 2.4V, while the height of the baseline is only 100mV. As a result, we improved the SNR from 9.54 to 27.6 dB. Among them, the reduction of noise depends on each stage of differential amplifier and low-pass filter. For 1um and 520nm particles, the signal intensity ratio of 8:1 (2.4 V: 300 MV) is approximately equal to the particle volume ratio, so there is a good linear relationship between the particle volume and signal intensity. And, a particle at 520nm represents a volume ratio of 0.0004% of the particle to the detection pore, (according to specification Coulter Multisizer™®3; www.beckmancoulter.com/ms3. The dynamic range of the detection pore is 27000:1, which corresponds to the volume than about 0.0037%).

As shown in Figure 12, the gain A ₁ of the first-stage amplifying unit, the gain A ₂ of the second-stage amplifying unit, and the gain of the third-stage amplifying unit are A ₃ , that is, the total gain of the signal acquisition circuit is A _gain = A ₁ A ₂ A ₃ .

Therefore, the counting module adopts the signal acquisition circuit, and the noise is significantly reduced; and further, the unique double-channel design common mode suppression, multi-stage amplification and low-pass filter or multi-stage filter are adopted. The lowest detected particle to detection pore volume ratio was 0.0004% after two-stage amplification.

Optionally, the processor module is also connected with communication interfaces such as TCP/IP, USB2.0, RS485, etc., which are suitable for data transmission with a computer at the PC end and receiving operation instructions at the PC end.

The computer can count and analyze the data obtained by the front end according to the PC-side intelligent analysis software system, and give test conclusions and reference suggestions according to different test samples and test purposes, according to the built-in comparison parameters, combined with the auxiliary rash treatment function , and form a printout in a standard format according to customer needs.

The processor module can adopt 51 series single-chip microcomputer, or STC series single-chip microcomputer.

Example 2

On the basis of Embodiment 1, the utility model also provides a working method of a portable fast particle detection device, including the following steps:

Step S100, the microchannel to be detected is filled with electrolyte liquid to form a conductive path; to form a fluid path;

Step S200, put the sample to be tested into any liquid reservoir, and drive the sample to be tested to flow along the particle detection microchannel through electric field drive and/or gravity traction; and

Step S300, collect signals through the stylus connected to the detection port of the particle detection microchannel, and count the particles to obtain the calculation results of particle size distribution, concentration of particles of different sizes, and total number of particles.

The counting function in the step S300 adopts a counting module, and the counting module includes: a signal acquisition circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit includes: first, second, and third amplifying units connected in sequence, wherein the gain of the first-stage amplifying unit A ₁ is the gain A ₂ of the second-stage amplifying unit, and the gain of the third-stage amplifying unit is A ₃ , that is, the total gain of the signal acquisition circuit is A _gain =A ₁ A ₂ A ₃ . For the specific implementation of the counting module, please refer to the corresponding content in Embodiment 1.

The output data of the second-stage amplification unit is particles with a larger diameter, and the output data of the third-stage amplification unit is particles with a smaller diameter; the processor module is suitable for counting the pulse signals at the voltage signal acquisition end to Enables the detection of particles with larger diameters in mixed samples mixed with particles of different diameters.

The diameters of the particles with larger diameters range from 5 microns to 35 microns, and the diameters of particles with smaller diameters range from 0.5 microns to 5 microns.

The processor module is adapted to enable the detection of particles having a diameter of 520 nm in a mixed sample mixed with particles having a diameter of 1 um and 520 nm.

The following is the experimental data of the utility model for microparticles.

Experimental detection results of a portable rapid particle detection device: detection of mixed samples of 4 different particle sizes. Among them, the four particle diameters (regions) are: 2.94um, 5.09um, 7.32um and 9.75um, 1.00um, 520nm, and the mixing ratio is unknown in advance. The six particle sizes cover the actual size of whole blood particles from platelets to white particles, so the basic technical indicators of the device of this application can be detected completely through the experiment of such mixed samples.

This portable fast particle detection device and conventional flow particle analyzer BD The comparison table of the test results of facscalibur is as follows:

Table 1 Comparison table of detection results between portable rapid particle detection device and conventional flow particle analyzer

It can be seen from the verification experiment that the number percentages of the six kinds of particles detected by the portable rapid particle detection device are 4.07%, 5.78%, 29.43%, 55.26%, 11.01%, and 5.46%, while the commercial flow particle analyzer detects the same samples. The number percentages of the six kinds of particles obtained were 4.32%, 5.33%, 25.86%, 59.55%, 10.74%, and 4.94%. It can be seen from the results that the test results of this portable rapid particle detection device can be compared with commercial flow particle analyzers, and have achieved a high accuracy rate.

The utility model can not only be used for detecting particles, but also can be used for detecting and identifying other fine particles.

Inspired by the above ideal embodiment according to the utility model, through the above description content, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications within the scope of not deviating from the technical idea of the utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the description, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A portable fast particle detection device, comprising: a mount and an adapter provided with a particle detection chip; After the adapter is installed in the mount, the particle detection microchannel in the particle detection chip forms a certain inclined angle, so that the sample to be tested is suitable for flowing along the particle detection microchannel under the action of gravity; The detection port of the particle detection microchannel is connected with a counting module for particle detection. 2. The portable fast particle detection device according to claim 1, wherein the particle detection chip comprises: a substrate and a sheet-shaped chip portion; the chip portion is provided with some through holes, and the substrate The upper end surface of the chip is closely attached to the lower end surface of the chip part, and forms a corresponding liquid reservoir with each through hole; several microparticle detection microchannels are located on the upper end surface of the substrate, and each particle detection microchannel is suitable for respectively Connect the corresponding liquid reservoirs, any of which is the sample input port, and the particle samples to be detected in the liquid reservoirs flow along the detection microchannel according to the direction of gravity and/or the direction of the electric field. 3. The portable rapid particle detection device according to claim 2, wherein the adapter comprises: a circuit board, a gap is left between the lower end surface of the circuit board and the upper end surface of the chip part, and the lower end surface is also There are several contact pins which are suitable for extending into the liquid storage pool of the chip respectively, and the contact pins are connected with the channel in the particle detection chip through the liquid storage pool to realize electric field driving and signal collection. 4 . The portable rapid particle detection device according to claim 3 , wherein the mount is provided with a socket suitable for oblique insertion of the adapter, and the inclination angle α is 15°-90°. 5. The portable fast particle detection device according to claim 1, wherein the counting module comprises: two signal acquisition terminals relatively arranged on both sides of the detection port, and the two voltage signal acquisition terminals are connected to the signal acquisition terminals respectively. The two input ends of the circuit are connected, and the output end of the signal acquisition circuit is connected with the signal input end of a processor module, and the processor module is suitable for counting the pulse signal of the voltage signal acquisition end and detecting and analyzing the cells. 6. The portable rapid particle detection device according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of styli include: a stylus suitable for providing a bias voltage and a stylus for collecting signals; wherein The common point of the positive voltage V+ and the negative voltage V- constituting the bias voltage is common to the signal acquisition circuit; and the contact pin for collecting signals is connected to the signal acquisition terminal. 7. The portable fast particle detection device according to claim 5, wherein the signal acquisition circuit includes first, second, and third stage amplifying units connected in sequence; The first-stage amplifying unit includes: a first-stage differential amplifier circuit, and a first-stage band-pass filter connected to an output end of the first-stage differential amplifier circuit; the output end of the first-stage band-pass filter Connected to the second stage amplification unit; The second-stage amplifying unit includes: a second-stage operational amplifier circuit, and a second-stage low-pass filter connected to the output end of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit; the output end of the second-stage low-pass filter Connected to the third stage amplification unit; The third-stage amplifying unit includes: a third-stage operational amplifier circuit, and a third-stage low-pass filter connected to an output end of the third-stage operational amplifier circuit; The output terminals of the second and third stage low-pass filters are respectively used as output terminals of the signal acquisition circuit. 8. The portable fast particle detection device according to claim 7, wherein the output end of the second-stage low-pass filter is connected to the processor module through a voltage follower. 9. The portable fast particle detection device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the pass frequency of the first-stage bandpass filter is 0.5-60Hz, and the cut-off frequency of the second-stage low-pass filter is 10-60Hz , the cutoff frequency of the third low-pass filter is 10-60Hz.