CN204402436U - A kind of oil pumper - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an oil pumping unit, comprising a tower frame, a power system, a reduction box, a reversing device, a balance counterweight device, a crown wheel, a steel wire rope and a rope suspension device; The output shaft of the box is connected to the reversing device through a coupling, the guide device is connected to the balance weight device through a connecting rod, one end of the wire rope is connected to the balance weight device, and the other end is bypassed by the sky wheel installed on the tower and connected through a rope hanger Sucker rod; the power is transmitted through the reduction box, driving the reversing device to rotate, and the reversing device drives the guiding device to reciprocate up and down, and the guiding device drives the balance counterweight device to move up and down, and then drives the sucker rod, The pump piston reciprocates up and down; the specially designed cam column mechanism can ensure that the suspension point of the pumping unit moves at a constant speed most of the time, which reduces the inertia loss, effectively reduces the energy loss during the pumping process, and achieves energy saving effects.

Description

a pumping machine

technical field

The utility model relates to a mechanical equipment for oil exploitation, in particular to an oil pumping unit.

Background technique

With the continuous development of oil fields and the continuous increase of mechanical oil recovery oil fields, the demand for pumping units in oil fields is also increasing. Developing high-efficiency, energy-saving, and highly reliable pumping units is an urgent task for the petroleum machinery and equipment industry, and it is also the goal that manufacturers have always pursued. Although the conventional beam pumping unit is simple in structure and durable, it consumes a lot of energy; special-shaped pumping units such as chain pumping units and hydraulic pumping units are too complicated in structure, poor in reliability, and high in manufacturing costs; The direction of the motor is changed frequently, and the direction is changed twice for one stroke, which consumes a lot of energy; there are also other special-shaped pumping units that have problems such as complex structure and poor energy-saving effect.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pumping unit with simple structure, reliable operation and obvious energy-saving effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An oil pumping unit includes a tower, a power system, a reduction box, a reversing device, a balance counterweight device, a safety protection device, a crown wheel, a steel wire rope and a rope hanger; the power system is installed on the base, and the reduction box is installed Inside the tower, the input shaft of the reduction box is connected to the power system through a coupling, and the output shaft of the reduction box is connected to the reversing device through a coupling. The reversing device is equipped with a guide device, and the safety protection device is installed on the tower. On the support frame 3, the guide device is connected with the balance counterweight device above the safety protection device through the connecting rod, one end of the wire rope is connected to the balance counterweight device, and the other end bypasses the sky wheel installed on the tower and is connected to the drawer through the rope suspension device. The oil rod and the hanging part of the steel wire rope are located in the longitudinal center of the tower; the power system drives the reversing device to rotate through the reduction box, the reversing device drives the guiding device to reciprocate up and down, and the guiding device drives the balance weight device to move up and down, and then passes around the sky The wire rope of the wheel drives the sucker rod to reciprocate up and down.

The top of the tower is equipped with a crown block relief mechanism. The crown block relief mechanism includes two racks installed on the main beam of the crown block at the top of the tower. The shaft head gears mesh with the two racks respectively, and the position of the crane can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the wheel axle of the crane and the two racks.

The reversing device is a two-way spiral cam structure. The two ends of the cam column are respectively installed on the support frame of the tower through the bearing seat, and the two ends of the support frame are fixed on the column of the tower by bolts. The cam column is covered with a guide sleeve The guide sleeve can reciprocate bidirectionally in the spiral groove of the cam column, and the guide sleeve is connected with the balance weight device through the connecting rod.

The profile line in the middle part of the cam post follows the law of uniform velocity motion, and the profile lines close to the two ends of the cam post follow the law of sinusoidal acceleration motion.

The cam column is a segmented multi-section structure, and each section is connected by a screw, and the stroke of the pumping unit is changed by increasing or decreasing the number of sections of the constant speed section.

The balance counterweight device includes a counterweight support frame, a balance counterweight rod is connected to the counterweight support plate, a slot is opened in the middle of the counterweight, and the counterweight is inserted into the balance counterweight bar through the slot and placed on the counterweight On the support plate, the counterweight is adjusted by adjusting the number of counterweights, and the guide device is connected with the counterweight support plate through a connecting rod.

The safety protection device includes a counterweight support and a buffer device fixed on the support frame 3, and the buffer device decelerates and buffers the balance counterweight device.

The power system adopts a variable frequency motor.

The pumping unit of the utility model includes a power system, a reduction box, a reversing device, a balance counterweight device, a safety protection device and a sky wheel, etc., the power system drives the reversing device to rotate through the reduction box, and the reversing device drives the guiding device to reciprocate up and down Movement, the guide device drives the balance counterweight device to move up and down, and then drives the sucker rod to reciprocate up and down through the wire rope bypassing the sky wheel, so as to realize the reciprocating movement of the suspension point of the pumping unit. It moves at a constant speed most of the time, which can effectively reduce the energy loss during the oil pumping process and meet the requirements of energy saving.

Further, the reversing device of the utility model is a double-helical cam structure, and a two-way cam column is used as the reversing mechanism of the pumping unit. Through the specially designed cam column profile surface line, the movement of the piston of the oil well pump can be realized as most of the uniform motion law and The motion law of the combination of sinusoidal acceleration motion laws at both ends of the stroke can change the stroke of the pumping unit by changing the number of cam column segments.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the utility model pumping unit;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the cam column of the pumping unit of the present invention;

In the figure: base 1, power system 2, coupling 3, reduction box 4, support frame 1 5, bearing housing 6, support frame 2 7, support frame 3 8, counterweight support 9, buffer device 10, tower frame 11 , steel wire rope 12, rack 13, sky wheel 14, sky wheel shaft 15, bearing housing 16, counterweight 17, connecting rod 18, cam column 19, guide sleeve 20, rope hanger 21, bearing housing 22, counterweight Block support plate 23, balance counterweight bar 24.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Figure 1, the pumping unit of the utility model mainly includes a tower frame 11, a power system 2, a reduction box 4, a reversing device, a balance weight bar, a safety protection device, a sky wheel 14, a steel wire rope 12, a rope suspension 21. The power system 2 is installed on the base 1, and the reduction box 4 is installed inside the tower 11. The input shaft of the reduction box 4 is connected to the power system 2 through the coupling 3, and the output shaft of the reduction box 4 is connected to the cam through the coupling. column connection, a guide device is installed on the cam column, and the safety protection device is installed on the support frame 3 8 of the tower 11, the guide device is connected with the balance counterweight device above the safety protection device through a connecting rod 18, and one end of the steel wire rope 12 Connect the balance counterweight device, the other end bypasses the sky wheel 14 installed on the tower 11 and connects the sucker rod through the rope hanger 21, the hanging part of the steel wire rope 12 is located in the longitudinal center of the tower 11; the power system 2 passes through the reduction box 4 Drive the reversing device to rotate, the cam column drives the guiding device to reciprocate up and down, the guiding device drives the balance weight device to move up and down, and then the steel wire rope 12 bypassing the sky wheel 14 drives the sucker rod to reciprocate up and down.

As shown in Figure 1, the reversing device is a double helical cam structure, including a support frame 5, a bearing seat 6, a cam column 19, a guide sleeve 20, a support frame 2 7, and a bearing seat 22, and the two ends of the cam column 19 respectively pass through Bearing seat is installed on the supporting frame of tower frame 11, and the two ends of supporting frame are fixed on the column of tower frame 11 by bolts, and described cam column 19 is covered with guide sleeve 20, and guide sleeve 20 can be in the helix of cam column 19. Two-way reciprocating movement in the groove, the guide sleeve 20 is connected with the balance counterweight device through the connecting rod 18 .

The output shaft of the reduction box 4 is connected to the cam column 19 through a coupling, and the power system 2 is started to rotate the cam column 19, thereby driving the guide sleeve 20 to reciprocate up and down along the cam column; the transmission system includes a connecting rod 18, a counterweight support Plate 23, balance weight rod 19, steel wire rope 12, sky wheel 14, wherein the upper end of the connecting rod is hinged with the counterweight support plate 23, and the lower end is hinged with the guide sleeve 20, when the guide sleeve 20 reciprocates up and down along the cam column, through the connecting rod The rod 18 drives the counterweight 17 and then drives the sucker rod to reciprocate through the wire rope 12;

The safety protection device includes a support frame 8, on which a counterweight support 9 and a buffer device 10 are fixed, wherein the support frame 3 8 is installed on the left and right beams of the tower, and the balance counterweight device is decelerated and buffered by the buffer device.

The top of the tower 11 is equipped with a crown block relief mechanism, which includes a rack 13, a crown axle 15, and a bearing seat 16. The two ends of the wheel axle 15 are processed with axle head gears, and the axle head gears at the two ends of the crown axle 15 mesh with the two racks 13 respectively. By adjusting the positions of the crown axle 15 and the two racks 13, the position of the crown is adjusted. Before carrying out the workover operation, loosen the bearing block 16 that is fixed on the main beam of the tower, block the hexagonal wrench locking position on the crown wheel axle with a wrench, turn the spanner to move the crown wheel, and give way to the wellhead position.

The balance counterweight device comprises a counterweight support plate 23, which is connected with a balance counterweight bar 24, a slot is provided in the middle of the counterweight, and the counterweight 17 is inserted into the balance counterweight bar 24 through the slot. Placed on the counterweight support plate 23 , the counterweight is adjusted by adjusting the number of counterweights 17 , and the guiding device is connected with the counterweight support plate 23 through a connecting rod 18 .

As shown in Fig. 2, for the cam column structure of the pumping unit, the profile line in the middle is designed according to the law of constant velocity motion, and the profile lines at both ends of the cam column are designed according to the law of opposite sinusoidal acceleration motion. The specially designed helical profile surface line can make the guide sleeve 20 reciprocate smoothly along the helical groove. As shown in the figure, the motions of segments a and c are specially designed sinusoidal acceleration motions, and segment b is a uniform motion. The cam column is a segmented multi-section structure, which can be connected by threads to increase or decrease the number of constant-velocity sections to change the stroke of the pumping unit.

The cam mechanism pumping unit of the utility model is an ideal energy-saving pumping unit. In addition to maintaining the advantages of simple structure and reliable operation of the beam pumping unit, the pumping unit also has the advantages of lighter weight, smaller floor area Smaller, simple equipment operation and management, especially good energy saving effect. In view of the urgent need for increasing production and saving energy in oil fields, the development and application of energy-saving pumping units with single-column cam mechanism will have very important theoretical significance for the innovation and development of petroleum machinery, and will play a very important role in reducing development costs in oil fields and promoting national economic development. Practical value.

Claims (8)

1. an oil pumper, is characterized in that: comprise pylon (11), dynamical system (2), reduction box (4), reversing arrangement, balance weight device, safety guard, crown sheave (14), wire rope (12) and polished rod eye (21), described dynamical system (2) is arranged on base (1), it is inner that reduction box (4) is arranged on pylon (11), reduction box (4) power shaft is connected with dynamical system (2) by shaft coupling, reduction box (4) output shaft is connected with reversing arrangement by shaft coupling, reversing arrangement is provided with guiding device, described safety guard is arranged on the bracing frame three (8) of pylon (11), guiding device is connected with the balance weight device be in above safety guard by connecting rod (18), wire rope (12) one end connects balance weight device, the other end is walked around and is arranged on crown sheave (14) on pylon (11) by polished rod eye (21) connecting with pumping rod, the depending portion of wire rope (12) is positioned at the longitudinal center of pylon (11), dynamical system (2) drives reversing arrangement to rotate through reduction box (4), reversing arrangement drives guiding device to pump, guiding device drives balance weight device to move up and down, and then drives sucker rod to pump by the wire rope (12) walking around crown sheave (14).

2. oil pumper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pylon (11) top is equipped with overhead traveling crane and is stepped down mechanism, the overhead traveling crane mechanism that steps down comprises two toothed rack (13) be arranged on the main beam of overhead travelling crane of pylon (11) top, overhead traveling crane wheel shaft (15) two ends are processed with shaft head gear, the shaft head gear at overhead traveling crane wheel shaft (15) two ends engages with two toothed rack (13) respectively, is adjusted the position of overhead traveling crane by adjustment overhead traveling crane wheel shaft (15) and the position of two toothed rack (13).

3. oil pumper according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described reversing arrangement is bidirectional screw cam structure, cam post (19) two ends are arranged on respectively by bearing support on the bracing frame of pylon (11), bracing frame two ends are bolted on pylon (11) column, the upper cover of described cam post (19) has pilot sleeve (20), pilot sleeve (20) can move by bidirectional reciprocating in the helicla flute of cam post (19), and pilot sleeve (20) is connected with balance weight device by connecting rod (18).

4. oil pumper according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the wide upper thread at described cam post (19) middle part is uniform motion pattern, and the wide upper thread at cam post (19) two ends is the sinusoidal acceleration characteristics of motion.

5. oil pumper according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described cam post (19) is segmentation multi-section type structure, respectively saves by screwed connection, changes oil pumper stroke by increasing or reduce at the uniform velocity section joint number.

6. oil pumper according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described balance weight device comprises balancing weight gripper shoe (23), balancing weight gripper shoe is connected with counterweight bar (24), slot is offered in the middle of balancing weight, balancing weight (17) inserts counterweight bar by slot, be placed in balancing weight gripper shoe, by adjusting the quantity adjustment counterweight of balancing weight, guiding device is connected with balancing weight gripper shoe (23) by connecting rod (18).

7. oil pumper according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: described safety guard comprises the counterweight be fixed on bracing frame three (8) and supports (9) and buffer (10), carries out deceleration buffer by buffer to balance weight device.

8. oil pumper according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described dynamical system (2) adopts frequency conversion type motor.