CN204390597U - A kind of lathe tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a teaching tool for dynamic demonstration of turning tool angle, which at least includes a fixed base, and the fixed base is provided with a display unit, a vertical operation unit and a horizontal operation unit; the display unit includes a box body and a turning mechanism , a rotating mechanism, a display platform, and a rotating plate, wherein both the overturning mechanism and the rotating mechanism are installed in the box body, and the box body is fixedly installed on a fixed base, and the rotating plate is installed on the top of the box body, and the rotating plate Under the action, it rotates on the box body; the display platform and the rotating plate are connected by hinges, and the display platform can be turned over 90 degrees under the action of the turning mechanism and the hinges. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and intuitive expression, which solves the deficiencies in the prior art. The utility model can simulate the feeding of the tool and the generation process of the cutting plane of the turning tool, and dynamically demonstrate each working angle of the turning tool.

Description

A teaching tool for dynamic demonstration of turning tool angle

technical field

The utility model provides a turning tool teaching aid for dynamic demonstration of a turning tool angle, which is specifically used for dynamically demonstrating the definition of a turning tool angle in actual processing, and belongs to the technical field of teaching aids.

Background technique

The geometric angle of cutting tools is the focus and difficulty of learning "Metal Technology" for students majoring in machinery. The teacher generally takes the turning tool as an example to explain, and the main explanation includes the definition of the geometric elements of the cutting part of the tool, the reference coordinate plane of the tool, and the geometric angle of the cutting part of the tool. Because these definitions involve a very abstract reference system for tool work, and the content is obscure and abstract, teachers must use appropriate teaching models to ensure that students can grasp and understand this part of the content. At present, teachers mainly teach through graphic descriptions, static teaching aids or animation demonstrations, but these existing methods are not intuitive enough, and have limited help in learning and understanding the definition of tool working angle, resulting in low teaching efficiency and insufficient teaching effect ideal.

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides a teaching aid for dynamic demonstration of turning tool angles with simple structure, easy operation and intuitive expression, which solves the deficiency in the background technology. The utility model can simulate the feeding of the tool and the generation process of the cutting plane of the turning tool, and dynamically demonstrate each working angle of the turning tool.

The technical scheme adopted to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is:

A teaching tool for dynamic demonstration of turning tool angle, at least including a fixed base, on which a display unit, a vertical running unit and a horizontal running unit are arranged;

The horizontal running unit includes a small pulley, a small pulley disc, a small pulley rotary shaft, a handle A, a small pulley connecting rod, a horizontal slider, a tool, a fixed bracket and a sliding carriage, wherein the small pulley rotary shaft passes through the small pulley The bracket is horizontally installed on the fixed base, the small pulley and the small pulley disk are coaxially installed on the front and rear ends of the small pulley rotary shaft respectively, the handle A is fixedly connected with the small pulley rotary shaft and drives the small pulley rotary shaft to rotate; the tool can be Separated into a cutter head and a cutter body, the cutter body is fixed on the sliding carriage, and the cutter head and the cutter body are connected electromagnetically; the fixed bracket is installed vertically above the fixed base, and the top of the fixed bracket is horizontally provided with parallel The slide rail and the horizontal guide shaft, the slide carriage is installed on the slide rail and can move along the slide rail, two right-angle baffles are arranged on the bottom surface of the slide carriage, and the two right-angle baffles are located on one side of the horizontal guide shaft, and the horizontal slide The block is set on the horizontal guide shaft and slides along the horizontal guide shaft, and is located between two right-angle baffles. The distance between the two right-angle baffles is greater than the length of the horizontal slide. The two ends of the small pulley connecting rod are respectively connected to the horizontal slide. The block and the small pulley disc are hinged; with the rotation of the small pulley disc, the small pulley connecting rod drives the horizontal slider to move back and forth along the horizontal guide shaft, and the horizontal slider drives the sliding drag through two right-angle baffles. The board and the tool do back and forth motions left and right;

The vertical running unit at least includes a vertical drive mechanism, a vertical guide rod, a vertical slider and a thin plate, the vertical guide rod is vertically installed on the fixed base, and the vertical slider is installed on the vertical guide rod and can Sliding up and down along the vertical guide rod, the vertical slider reciprocates up and down along the vertical guide rod under the drive of the vertical drive mechanism, the thin plate is perpendicular to the fixed base, and one side of it is opposite to the vertical slider Fixed, and move up and down with the movement of the vertical slider;

The display unit includes a box body, a turning mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a display platform, and a rotating plate, wherein both the turning mechanism and the rotating mechanism are installed in the box body, the box body is fixedly installed on a fixed base, and the rotating plate is installed on On the top of the box, the rotating plate rotates on the box under the action of the rotating mechanism; the rotating mechanism includes a handle B, a horizontal bevel gear shaft and a vertical bevel gear shaft, wherein the horizontal bevel gear shaft and the vertical bevel gear shaft Both are installed in the box, and there are bevel gears that mesh with each other. The top of the vertical bevel gear shaft is connected to the rotating plate through a spline, and the outer end of the horizontal bevel gear shaft protrudes from the box. The handle B is fixed on the On the outer end of the horizontal bevel gear shaft;

The display platform and the rotating plate are connected by a loose leaf, and the display platform can be turned 90 degrees under the action of the turning mechanism and the loose leaf; the display platform is composed of four transparent thin plates that are bonded vertically to each other and fixed on a flat plate. A circular blind hole is arranged on the top, the electromagnet is fixedly connected with the circular blind hole, and a wire slot is arranged on one side of the circular blind hole.

The vertical drive mechanism includes a large pulley, a large pulley disc, a large pulley rotary shaft and a large pulley connecting rod, wherein the large pulley rotary shaft is horizontally installed on the fixed base through the large pulley bracket, and the large pulley rotates The rotating shaft is parallel to the rotating shaft of the small pulley, and the large pulley and the discs of the large pulley are coaxially installed at the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft of the large pulley respectively, and the large pulley is connected with the small pulley through a belt, and the small pulley The two ends of the large pulley connecting rod are respectively hinged with the vertical slider and the large pulley disk, and with the rotation of the large pulley disk, the large pulley connecting rod drives the vertical slider along the Do up and down reciprocating motion along the vertical guide rod.

A positioning chuck is arranged on the outer wall of the box, and the positioning chuck is sleeved on the horizontal bevel gear shaft, and positioning holes are evenly distributed on it, and a movable spring pin is arranged on the top of the handle B, and the spring pin is inserted into the positioning Position handle B in the hole.

The turning mechanism includes an L-shaped push rod and a rocker, wherein the L-shaped push rod is installed on the side wall of the box body through a rotating shaft, and the short rod in the L-shaped push rod is pushed against the display platform, and the two sides of the box body There are arc-shaped guide grooves on the walls, the rocker is inserted into the guide groove, the outer end of the rocker is exposed outside the box, the inner end of the rocker is fixedly connected with the long rod in the L-shaped push rod, along the When the arc groove pulls the handle downward, the L-shaped push rod rotates around the rotation axis, and the short rod in the L-shaped push rod rotates upwards to lift the display platform to 90 degrees. At this time, the handle is located at the bottom of the guide groove, and the guide The bottom of the groove is provided with a positioning pin or a latch for fixing.

The turning tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid provided by the utility model has the following advantages: 1. The utility model expresses intuitively. According to the definition of turning tool working angle, four transparent thin plates are used to respectively represent the base surface of the tool and the secondary cutting edge plane (vertical 2. The utility model is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can simulate the feed of the tool and the generation process of the cutting plane of the turning tool, and dynamically Various working angles of the demonstration turning tool. 3. At the same time, in addition to being used as a teaching aid for teachers to demonstrate to students, it can also be used as an experimental tool for students to operate and display the corresponding turning tool angle, which is very helpful for students to learn and understand the definition of tool working angle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the turning tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the turning tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 2;

In the figure: 1—Fixed base, 2—Small pulley bracket, 3—Small pulley rotary shaft, 4—Handle A, 5—Small pulley, 6—Big pulley bracket, 7—Large pulley rotary shaft, 8—Large Pulley, 9—big pulley disc, 10—thin plate, 11—vertical slider, 12—vertical guide rod, 13—small pulley disc, 14—horizontal slider, 15—horizontal guide shaft, 16 - small pulley connecting rod, 17 - fixed bracket, 18 - spring pin, 19 - handle B, 20 - box, 23 - horizontal bevel gear shaft, 24 - spline, 25 - positioning chuck, 26 - vertical cone Gear shaft, 30—rocking handle, 33—rotary plate, 34—L-shaped push rod, 35—bevel gear, 36—sliding carriage, 37—display platform, 38—cutter, 39—belt, 40—right angle baffle.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

The structure of the tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid provided by the utility model is shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, at least including a fixed base, and the fixed base is provided with a display unit, a vertical running unit and a horizontal running unit ,

The horizontal running unit comprises a small pulley 5, a small pulley disk 13, a small pulley rotary shaft 3, a handle A4, a small pulley connecting rod 16, a horizontal slider 14, a cutter 38, a fixed support 17 and a sliding carriage 36, wherein The small pulley rotary shaft 3 is horizontally installed on the fixed base 1 through the small pulley bracket 2, the small pulley 5 and the small pulley disk 13 are respectively coaxially installed at the front and rear ends of the small pulley rotary shaft 3, and the handle A4 and the small belt The wheel rotary shaft 3 is fixedly connected and drives the small belt wheel rotary shaft to rotate; the cutter 38 can be separated into a cutter head and a cutter body, and the cutter body is fixedly connected on the sliding carriage 36, and the cutter head and the cutter body are connected by electromagnetic force; the fixed bracket 17 is vertical Directly installed on the top of the fixed base 1, the top of the fixed bracket is horizontally provided with parallel slide rails and horizontal guide shafts 15, the slide carriage 36 is installed on the slide rail and can move along the slide rail, the bottom surface of the slide carriage 36 Two right-angle baffles 40 are provided, and the two right-angle baffles 10 are located on one side of the horizontal guide shaft 15. The horizontal slider 14 is set on the horizontal guide shaft 15 and slides along the horizontal guide shaft, and is located between the two right-angle baffles 40. , the distance between the two right-angle baffle plates 40 is greater than the length of the horizontal slider, and the two ends of the small pulley connecting rod 16 are respectively hinged with the horizontal slider and the small pulley disc; along with the rotation of the small pulley disc, the small The pulley connecting rod drives the horizontal slider to do left and right reciprocating motion along the horizontal guide shaft, and the horizontal slider drives the sliding carriage and the cutting tool to do left and right reciprocating motion through two right-angle baffles.

The vertical running unit includes a large pulley 8, a large pulley disc 9, a large pulley rotary shaft 7, a vertical guide rod 12, a vertical slider 11, a thin plate 10, and a large pulley connecting rod, wherein the large pulley rotary shaft 7 The large pulley bracket 6 is horizontally installed on the fixed base 1, and the large pulley rotary shaft 7 is parallel to the small pulley rotary shaft 3, and the large pulley 8 and the large pulley disc 9 are coaxially installed on the large pulley rotary shaft 7 respectively. and the large pulley 8 is connected with the small pulley 5 through the belt 39, and rotates under the drive of the small pulley; the vertical guide rod 12 is vertically installed on the fixed base 1, and slides vertically Block 11 is installed on the vertical guide rod 12 and can slide up and down along the vertical guide rod. With the rotation of the wheel disk, the large pulley connecting rod drives the vertical slider to reciprocate up and down along the vertical guide rod. The thin plate 10 is perpendicular to the fixed base, and one side of it is fixed with the vertical slider, and moves along with the vertical slider. The movement of the straight slider moves up and down.

The display unit includes a box body 20, an overturning mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a display platform 37, and a rotating plate 33, wherein the overturning mechanism and the rotating mechanism are all installed in the box body 20, and the box body 20 is fixedly installed on the fixed base 1, so The rotating plate 33 described above is installed on the top of the box body 20, and the rotating plate 33 rotates on the box body 20 under the action of the rotating mechanism; It can be flipped 90 degrees under the action of the loose-leaf; the display platform 37 is composed of four transparent thin plates that are vertically bonded to each other and fixed on a flat plate. As shown in Figure 5, the flat plate is provided with a circular blind hole, and the electromagnet In connection with the circular blind hole, a wiring groove is provided on one side of the circular blind hole.

Described rotating mechanism comprises handle B19, positioning chuck 25, horizontal bevel gear shaft 23 and vertical bevel gear shaft 26, wherein horizontal bevel gear shaft 23 and vertical bevel gear shaft 26 are all installed in the casing 20, both There are bevel gears 35 meshing with each other, the top of the vertical bevel gear shaft 26 is connected with the rotating plate 33 through a spline 24, the outer end of the horizontal bevel gear shaft 23 protrudes from the box, and the handle B19 is fixedly installed on the horizontal bevel gear On the outer end of the shaft 23, the positioning chuck 25 is sleeved on the horizontal bevel gear shaft and fixed on the outer wall of the box body, positioning holes are evenly distributed on the positioning chuck, and a movable spring pin 18 is arranged on the top of the handle B19 , the spring pin 18 is inserted into the positioning hole to position the handle B.

The turning mechanism includes an L-shaped push rod 34 and a rocking handle 30, wherein the L-shaped push rod 34 is installed on the side wall of the box body through a rotating shaft, and the short rod in the L-shaped push rod 34 is pushed against the display platform 37, The two side walls of the box are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, the rocker 30 is inserted into the guide groove, the outer end of the rocker 30 is exposed outside the box 20, and the inner end of the rocker 30 is connected to the L-shaped push rod. The long rod in 34 is fixedly connected. When the handle is pulled down along the arc groove, the L-shaped push rod rotates around the rotation axis, and the short rod in the L-shaped push rod rotates upwards to lift the display platform to 90 degrees. The rocking handle is positioned at the bottom of the guide groove, and the bottom of the guide groove is provided with a positioning pin or a latch for fixing.

The working principle of the tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid provided by the utility model is as follows: before the demonstration, the utility model needs to be debugged to the initial state: the sliding carriage is at the rightmost end, and the cutter head of the turning tool is connected to the cutter body through an electromagnet. Together. The display platform and the cabinet are closed and perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding carriage.

To start the demonstration, first pull out the spring pin, manually turn the handle clockwise, and through the bevel gear transmission, the counterclockwise rotation degree of the display platform is parallel to the moving direction of the sliding carriage. Then release the spring pin, and the spring pin is automatically inserted into the corresponding positioning hole in the positioning chuck under the action of the spring force. Then manually shake the pulley handle clockwise to drive the small pulley disc to rotate. The small pulley connecting rod hinged on the small pulley disc drives the horizontal slider to make a linear motion to the left on the horizontal guide shaft, and at the same time the horizontal slider pushes The left baffle plate drives the sliding carriage to move to the left. At the same time, the handle drives the small pulley to rotate, and the belt drives the large pulley to rotate. The big pulley drives the big pulley disk to rotate, so that the large pulley connecting rod hinged on the big pulley disk drives the vertical slider and the thin plate to move vertically upward. After the cutter head reaches the tool reference coordinate system established on the display platform, the electromagnet between the cutter head and the cutter body is separated after power off, and the cutter head and the reference platform are connected through the electromagnet. Now the vertical slide block and the thin plate are still under the separation of the cutter head and the cutter body. Continue the pulley handle, the vertical slider and thin plate continue to move upwards, because the horizontal slider is in the return stroke of the slider crank mechanism, and the distance between the baffle and the right baffle is greater than the length of the horizontal slider, the sliding carriage stops After a while in this position, back off to the right. Continue to turn the pulley handle, and the vertical slider and the thin plate will move downwards and get back to the initial position after reaching the height of the upper surface of the cutter body. The plane generated by cutting the tool head is the orthogonal plane in the reference coordinate system of the turning tool. This part can simulate the feeding process of the turning tool in the machining process and the generation process of the orthogonal plane in the simulation reference coordinate system.

Then pull up the spring pin, turn the handle counterclockwise, rotate the display platform clockwise 90 degrees through the bevel gear transmission, and position the display platform through the spring pin to return to the initial position with the cutter head. Then move the handle to swing 90 degrees, and lock the L-shaped push rod by closing the latch. The L-shaped push rod bears against the platform to show the degree of inversion. At this time, students can clearly see the main declination angle and secondary declination angle of the turning tool. Then release the latch, reversely toggle the L-shaped push rod, and the display platform will flip and reset under the action of the spring hinge. Pull out the spring pin and continue to turn the handle to make the display platform rotate 90 degrees clockwise again. At this time, students can clearly observe the inclination angle of the blade. Then pull out the spring pin and continue to turn the handle to make the display platform rotate 90 degrees clockwise again, and the front and rear corners of the turning tool are clearly displayed in front of the students. So far, the various working angles of the turning tool have been displayed.

Claims (4)

1. a lathe tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid, at least comprises firm banking, it is characterized in that: described firm banking is provided with display unit, vertically running unit and level run unit;

Level run unit comprises small pulley, small pulley disk, small pulley revolving shaft, handle A, small pulley connecting rod, cross sliding clock, cutter, fixed support and slip planker, wherein small pulley revolving shaft is installed on firm banking by small pulley support level, small pulley and small pulley disk are coaxially installed on the rear and front end of small pulley revolving shaft respectively, and handle A is fixedly connected with small pulley revolving shaft and drives small pulley revolving shaft to rotate; Cutter is separable into cutter head and cutter hub, and cutter hub is fixed on slip planker, is connected between cutter head with cutter hub by electromagnetism; Fixed support is vertically installed on the top of firm banking, support bracket fastened top level is provided with the slide rail and horizontally-guided axle that parallel, slip planker is installed on slide rail and also can moves along slide rail, the bottom surface of slip planker is provided with two right-angle baffles, two right-angle baffles are positioned at the side of horizontally-guided axle, cross sliding clock to be sleeved on horizontally-guided axle and to slide along horizontally-guided axle, and between two right-angle baffles, distance between two right-angle baffles is greater than the length of cross sliding clock, the two ends of small pulley connecting rod respectively with cross sliding clock and small pulley disk hinged; Along with the rotation of small pulley disk, small pulley connecting rod drives cross sliding clock to do left and right back and forth movement along horizontally-guided axle, cross sliding clock thus drive slip plankers and cutter to do left and right back and forth movement by two right-angle baffles;

Vertical running unit at least comprises upright driving mechanism, vertically guide pole, upright slide block and thin plate, described vertical guide pole is vertically installed on firm banking, upright slide block is installed on vertical guide pole and also can slides up and down along vertical guide pole, described upright slide block pumps along vertical guide pole under the drive of upright driving mechanism, described thin plate is vertical with firm banking, its side and upright slide block fix, and move up and down with the motion of upright slide block;

Described display unit comprises casing, switching mechanism, rotating mechanism, display platform, swivel plate, wherein switching mechanism and rotating mechanism are all installed in casing, casing is fixedly installed on firm banking, described swivel plate is installed on the top of casing, and swivel plate rotates under the effect of rotating mechanism on casing; Described rotating mechanism comprises handle B, horizontal bevel gear axle and vertical bevel gear shaft, wherein horizontal bevel gear axle and vertical bevel gear shaft are all installed in casing, both are provided with intermeshing bevel gear, top and the swivel plate of vertical bevel gear shaft pass through spline joint, the outer end of horizontal bevel gear axle stretches out in casing, and handle B is fixedly installed on the outer end of horizontal bevel gear axle;

Described display platform is connected by loose-leaf with between swivel plate, and display platform can turn over and turn 90 degrees under the effect of switching mechanism and loose-leaf; Display platform by four pieces of transparent thin boards orthogonal bonding after, be fixed on one flat plate and form, flat board is provided with blind round hole, electromagnet is fixedly connected with blind round hole, and the side of circular hole blind hole is provided with trough.

2. lathe tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described upright driving mechanism comprises large belt wheel, large belt wheel disk, large belt wheel revolving shaft and large belt wheel connecting rod, wherein large belt wheel revolving shaft is installed on firm banking by large wheeled stand level, and large belt wheel revolving shaft parallels with small pulley revolving shaft, large belt wheel and large belt wheel disk are coaxially installed on the rear and front end of large belt wheel revolving shaft respectively, and large belt wheel is connected with small pulley by belt, and rotate under the drive of small pulley; The two ends of described large belt wheel connecting rod respectively with upright slide block and large belt wheel disk hinged, along with the rotation of large belt wheel disk, large belt wheel connecting rod drives upright slide block to pump along vertical guide pole.

3. lathe tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the outer wall of casing is provided with positioning chuck, described positioning chuck is enclosed within horizontal bevel gear axle, it is evenly distributed with pilot hole, the top of handle B is provided with movable spring pin, described spring pin inserts in pilot hole and is positioned by handle B.

4. lathe tool angle dynamic demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switching mechanism comprises L shape push rod and rocking handle, wherein L shape push rod is installed on the sidewall in casing by rotation axis, quarter butt in L shape push rod withstands on display platform, the two side of casing is provided with the gathering sill of circular arc, rocking handle is inserted in gathering sill, the outer end of rocking handle is exposed to outside casing, the inner of rocking handle is fixedly connected with the stock in L shape push rod, along arc groove pull down shake handle time, L shape push rod rotate moving axis rotate, quarter butt in L shape push rod upwards rotates thus display platform jack-up is turn 90 degrees to turning over, now rocking handle is positioned at the bottom of gathering sill, the bottom of gathering sill has been provided with register pin or the latch of fixation.