CN204385854U - A kind of rainwater accumulation system solving urban waterlogging, haze and heat island effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rainwater storage system for solving urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect. The community is used as a unit, including an open-air greening system constructed on the roof of a building, a plurality of ecological filters arranged around the building and 1 -2 landscape reservoirs, community parking lots, squares and ecological grass ditch systems set up beside community roads; the utility model has the advantages of constructing a greening system on the roof of a building, setting rainwater collection tanks, ecological filters, and ecological Grass ditch system, etc., make rainwater excretion mainly infiltration and groundwater replenishment, and control the annual rainwater runoff coefficient of the catchment area in the community within 0.12-0.15, which meets the design standard for rainwater runoff coefficient of national park green space. The temperature difference is controlled within 1-3°C, which completely solves the waterlogging, smog and heat island effect in urban communities, and endows the landscape with functions to form a rain garden system.

Description

A rainwater storage system to solve urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect

technical field

The utility model relates to a rainwater collection system, in particular to a rainwater storage system for solving urban waterlogging, haze and heat island effect.

Background technique

For a long time, my country's urban development has adopted the construction method of spreading the pie. Whether it is residential development or the construction of public infrastructure such as roads, squares, and underground pipe networks, most of them are hardened with reinforced concrete without restraint, completely changing the original surface. The ecology of the city has increased the runoff of rainwater, leading to the loss of rainwater resources, the serious shrinkage of urban wetlands, the lack of effective replenishment of groundwater, the disorder of urban ecosystems, and the occurrence of geological disasters from time to time.

The excessive hardening of the city has exacerbated the urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect. Once it rains for a long time, if the sewers cannot drain the rainwater in a timely and smooth manner, serious urban waterlogging will occur; The traditional monsoon channel is blocked, the urban climate environment is steamed, and the hardened surface prevents harmful particles in the air from adhering, the degree of smog intensifies, and the temperature difference between the city center and the suburbs also suddenly increases from 1-3 degrees to 8-13 degrees. Spend.

In order to alleviate the problem of urban water environment, urban construction and water affairs departments have done a lot of work at present, but they are all aimed at beautifying the city, building green spaces in the area, and adding reservoirs around the water pumps. The reservoirs are generally constructed of reinforced concrete and cannot Infiltration, less consideration of ecological functions such as rainwater absorption, urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect still cannot be completely controlled. Therefore, how to overcome sclerosis and completely solve urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect while urban construction is an urgent problem for urban managers to solve.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above problems, the utility model provides a rainwater storage system that can completely solve urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect.

The technical solution of the utility model: a rainwater storage system for solving urban waterlogging, smog and heat island effect, which takes the community as the unit, and is characterized in that it includes an open-air greening system built on the roof of the building, and many buildings are set around the building. Ecological filter pools and 1-2 landscape reservoirs, community parking lots, squares and ecological grass ditch systems set up beside community roads; the open-air greening system includes roof vegetation layer, substrate layer, filter layer, Drainage layer, protective layer, waterproof layer, drainage pipe is buried in the drainage layer; the drainage pipe is connected with the upper end of the discharge pipe installed on the side of the building, and the lower end of the discharge pipe is connected with the ecological filter through the pipe; the ecological filter is equipped with The sand seepage layer, the bottom of the sand seepage layer is the underground soil layer; the landscape reservoir is composed of ecological vegetation layer, water body and sand seepage layer, the bottom of the sand seepage layer is the underground soil layer, on the distance landscape reservoir An overflow port is set at 2.5m-2.9m from the edge, and the landscape reservoir is connected to multiple water guide channels set up in the community; a height difference of 10-15cm is set between the ecological filter and the landscape reservoir; the ecological grass ditch system There are multiple overflow partitions in the sub-steps, and overflow ports are provided on the top of the overflow partitions; the ecological grass ditch system is also equipped with ecological vegetation layers, bark covering layers, soil replacement layers, seepage layers, and gravel layers. A number of perforated drainage pipes are buried between the permeable layer and the gravel layer, and the ecological grass ditch system communicates with the landscape reservoir through the water guide groove.

As a preferred solution, multiple rainwater collection tanks are arranged around the building according to the existing space. The upper edge of the rainwater collection tank is provided with an overflow conduit. The overflow conduit communicates with the ecological filter through the water guide groove. Connects to the downpipe on the side of the building.

As another preferred solution, a see-through fence is set up around the landscape reservoir.

As another preferred solution, a hydrophilic platform is set in the landscape reservoir.

When it rains, the rainwater is stored in the open-air greening system of the building, and the vegetation layer on the roof can filter and purify the initial rainwater. After the filter layer is full, the rainwater overflows into the rainwater collection tank through the drainage pipe and the downpipe. After the rainwater collection tank is full of water, it flows into the ecological filter through the overflow conduit and the water guide groove. At the same time, the ecological filter and the ecological grass ditch system also carry out preliminary purification and filtration of rainwater, mainly for the infiltration and replenishment of groundwater below. The overflowing rainwater enters the landscape reservoir step by step through the overflow outlets of the multiple overflow partitions set in sections in the ecological grass ditch system, or enters the landscape reservoir through the water guide groove.

During the rainstorm period, the overflowed rainwater enters the municipal drainage pipe connected to the community through the overflow port on the upper part of the landscape reservoir, and there is basically no risk of waterlogging in the community.

The advantages of the utility model: the utility model takes the community as the unit, builds a greening system on the roof of the building, and arranges a rainwater collection tank, an ecological filter, an ecological grass ditch system, etc. on the ground, so that the drainage mode of rainwater can infiltrate and replenish groundwater Mainly, the annual rainwater runoff coefficient of the catchment area in the community is controlled within 0.12-0.15, which meets the design standard of rainwater runoff coefficient for national park green space. The temperature difference is controlled within 1-3°C, which completely solves the waterlogging, smog and heat island effect in urban communities, and endows the landscape with functions to form a rain garden system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the utility model

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the open-air greening system

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological filter

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rainwater collection tank

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the landscape reservoir

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological grass ditch system

In the figure: 1. Building, 2. Open-air greening system, 2.1. Roof vegetation layer, 2.2. Matrix layer, 2.3. Filter layer, 2.4 Drainage layer, 2.5. Protective layer, 2.6. Waterproof layer, 3. Drainage pipe, 4 , Downstream pipe, 5. Ecological filter, 6. Rainwater collection tank, 6.1. Overflow conduit, 7. Water guide tank, 8. Landscape reservoir, 8.1. Ecological vegetation layer, 8.2. Water body, 8.3. Sand seepage layer , 8.4, underground soil layer, 8.5, perspective fence, 8.6, hydrophilic platform, 9, parking lot, 10, road, 11, ecological grass ditch system, 11.1, ecological vegetation layer, 11.2, bark cover layer, 11.3, change Soil layer, 11.4, permeable layer, 11.5, gravel layer, 12, overflow partition, 12.1 overflow outlet, 13, perforated drain pipe.

Detailed ways

Now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate the technical content of the present utility model.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, take community as a unit, construct open-air greening system 2 on the roof of building 1 in community; Open-air greening system 2 comprises roof vegetation layer 2.1, matrix layer 2.2, filter layer 2.3, The drainage layer 2.4, the protective layer 2.5, and the waterproof layer 2.6 are embedded with drainage pipes 3 in the drainage layer 2.4. The roof of building 1 is transformed from the original reinforced concrete slab into a green garden. The roof vegetation layer 2.1 uses green plants with strong adsorption capacity, and the substrate layer 2.2 uses soil with good water permeability, appropriate thickness, and moderate rainwater conservation, which can be used for thermal insulation. , to alleviate the urban heat island effect; it can also beautify the environment and purify the air.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, an ecological filter 5 and a rainwater collection tank 6 are arranged around the building 1 according to the existing space. The lower end of the discharge pipe 4 communicates with the rainwater collection tank 6 and the ecological filter 5 through the pipeline; the ecological filter 5 is provided with a sand permeable layer 8.3, and the bottom of the sand permeable layer 8.3 is an underground soil layer 8.4, and the rainwater collection tank 6 The upper edge is provided with an overflow conduit 6.1, and the overflow conduit 6.1 communicates with the ecological filter 5 through the water guide groove 7. The rainwater overflowed in the open-air greening system 2 flows into the rainwater collection tank 6 and the ecological filter 5 through the drain pipe 3 and the downpipe 4. The rainwater flowing into the rainwater collection tank 6 can be used for community greening and watering plants. When the rainfall increases suddenly, The rainwater in the rainwater collection tank 6 flows into the ecological filter 5 through the overflow conduit 6.1; the rainwater flowing into the ecological filter 5 enters the underground soil layer 8.4 through the sand infiltration layer 8.3 to replenish groundwater.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 5, a landscape reservoir 8 is set up in the community according to the existing space. The landscape reservoir 8 is composed of an ecological vegetation layer 8.1, a water body 8.2 and a sandy soil permeable layer 8.3. The sandy soil permeable layer 8.3 The bottom is the underground soil layer 8.4; the landscape reservoir 8 communicates with a plurality of aqueducts 7 arranged in the community. An overflow port 12.1 is also arranged at a distance of 2.5m-2.9m from the upper edge of the landscape reservoir 8, and the rainwater under extreme rainfall conditions can overflow into the municipal rainwater pipeline through the overflow port 12.1. Perspective fences 8.5 are set up around the landscape reservoir 8, which is conducive to ensuring the safety of community residents. A hydrophilic platform 8.6 is set in the landscape reservoir 8, which is convenient for residents to view and admire the water. On the water surface of the landscape reservoir 8, plants with well-developed root systems are implanted, which can purify the water body and increase the landscape function.

A height difference of 10-15 cm is set between the ecological filter 5 and the landscape reservoir 8 to facilitate the natural seepage of rainwater.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, with the community road 10 as the skeleton, a criss-cross ecological grass ditch system 11 is set beside the community parking lot 9, the square and the community road 10, and a plurality of overflows are arranged in stages in the ecological grass ditch system 11. The upper part of the overflow partition 12 is provided with an overflow port 12.1; the ecological grass ditch system 11 is also provided with an ecological vegetation layer 11.1, a bark covering layer 11.2, a soil replacement layer 11.3, a permeable layer 11.4, and a gravel layer 11.5 A plurality of perforated drainage pipes 13 are buried between the permeable layer 11.4 and the gravel layer 11.5, and the perforated drainage pipes 13 are formed by drilling a plurality of holes on common drainage pipes to increase the permeability. The ecological grass ditch system 11 communicates with the landscape reservoir 8 through the water guide groove 7 . When it rains, the rainwater around the road 10 and the building 1 can flow into the landscape reservoir 8 and the ecological grass ditch system 11 through the water guide groove 7, and the rainwater accumulated in the landscape reservoir 8 and the ecological grass ditch system 11 will infiltrate and replenish groundwater. When the rainfall increases suddenly, the overflowing rainwater enters the landscape reservoir 8 step by step through the overflow outlets 12.1 on the multiple overflow partitions 12 arranged in sections in the ecological grass ditch system, or enters the landscape reservoir through the water guide groove 7. pool8.

The utility model takes the community as a unit and configures a rainwater pipeline system that does not use reinforced concrete. There is no additional rainwater drainage pipeline in the community, which can effectively replenish groundwater and prevent urban waterlogging; an open-air greening system 2 and an ecological grass ditch system are built on the roof. 11. The vegetation cultivated in the landscape reservoir 8 can not only purify the water body and beautify the environment, but also effectively solve the urban smog and heat island effect, and create a safe and comfortable living environment.

Taking a certain community in a certain city in the south as an example, the improvement of waterlogging, smog and heat island effect after the rainwater storage system of the utility model is constructed in this area is explained in detail.

The area of the community: 500m*500m=250000㎡, the area of the designed landscape reservoir 8 in the community is 30m*30m=900㎡.

The community's climate conditions: Located in the mid-subtropical transitional humid monsoon climate zone, the climate is mild, with four distinct seasons, sufficient heat, concentrated rainfall, and superior natural conditions, suitable for the growth of various crops. The average temperature over the years is 16.2°C, the extreme maximum temperature is 40°C, and the extreme minimum temperature is minus 11°C; the average rainfall over the years is 1373 mm, the maximum daily rainfall is 251 mm, and the maximum wind speed is 22 m/s.

In the existing outdoor drainage design, the general design return period is once every 2 years, and the rainwater runoff coefficient is 0.8, that is, 80% of the rainwater is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe network through pipes. Under extreme rainstorm conditions, it is easy to cause community waterlogging. And the design recurrence period of the rainwater storage system of the present utility model is once in 20 years, and the comprehensive runoff coefficient value is 0.12-0.15, which is the runoff coefficient value standard of national park green space. The design return period refers to how many years the rainfall equal to or greater than a certain average rainfall occurs in a long statistical period; the runoff coefficient refers to the ratio of the runoff water volume to the rainfall in a certain catchment area, and the value ranges from 0- 1. The larger the number, the greater the runoff, and the smaller the number, the more rainwater will be retained.

Assuming that in the extreme case of the maximum daily rainfall of 251mm, according to the calculation, the rainfall per hour reaches 2615m3, that is, the rainfall per hour is about 10mm. Running, staggering the peak period of rainwater runoff, running smoothly, excess rainwater can overflow into the municipal rainwater main pipe network through the overflow port 12.1 set on the landscape reservoir 8, and no rainwater pipe network will be built in the community, which can save investment . Under normal rainfall conditions, the rainwater in the community basically does not need to enter the municipal rainwater pipe network. The water depth of the landscape reservoir 8 in non-rainfall periods and normal rainfall periods is enough to meet the needs of the landscape. It is advisable to keep the water level at a safe depth of 1-1.5m. Perspective fences set up around 8.5m are conducive to ensuring the safety of community residents. Coupled with the natural extension of the reservoir slope and the hydrophilic platform 8.6, it is convenient for community residents to watch the water. After soil reconstruction and overall optimization of the layout, the community rain garden system can absorb 15 mm of rainwater per hour during the rainfall period, and the rainwater collected in normal times will naturally infiltrate into the groundwater body through the permeable soil layer. There is basically no risk of waterlogging in the community. With the transformation of ecological greening, the community heat island effect has also been reduced to 1-3°C, the dust in the community has basically disappeared, and the ability of community green plants to absorb smog particles in the atmosphere has been enhanced, thereby reducing the smog phenomenon.

Any urban and rural community (including living industry, agriculture, mines, schools, hospitals, etc.) can flexibly arrange the rain garden system according to the specific conditions of the local space and climatic conditions. Whether it is the renovation of old districts or the construction of new districts, the rainwater storage system can play an effective role. Under the condition of undulating topography, the rainwater storage system that follows the trend can better reflect the function of rainwater storage and landscape.

Claims (4)

1. one kind solves the rainwater accumulation system of urban waterlogging, haze and heat island effect, take community as unit, it is characterized in that, comprise the outdoor greening system that building roof builds, multiple ecological filter that Around Buildings is arranged and 1-2 landscape reservoir, the other ecological grass trench system arranged of parking lot, community, square and community's road; Wherein outdoor greening system comprises roof vegetable layer, hypothallus, filtration beds, drainage blanket, topping, waterproofing course from top to bottom successively, is embedded with gutter in drainage blanket; Gutter be arranged on side of buildings under let out pipe upper end and be connected, under let out pipe lower end and be connected with ecological filter by pipeline; Be provided with sand permeable formation in ecological filter, the bottom of sand permeable formation is underground layer; Landscape reservoir is made up of ecological vegetation layer, water body and sand permeable formation, the bottom of sand permeable formation is underground layer, in distance, landscape reservoir upper limb 2.5m-2.9m place is provided with overfall, and landscape reservoir communicates with the multiple guiding gutters be arranged in community; 10-15cm difference in height is set between ecological filter and landscape reservoir; In ecological grass trench system, segmentation echelon is provided with multiple weir divider, and weir divider top is provided with overfall; Also be provided with ecological vegetation layer, bark covering layer, soil removal and replacement layer, permeable formation, layer of gravel in ecological grass trench system, be embedded with multiple perforated drain pipe between permeable formation and layer of gravel, ecological grass trench system is communicated with landscape reservoir by guiding gutter.

2. a kind of rainwater accumulation system solving urban waterlogging, haze and heat island effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, at Around Buildings, existing space is provided with multiple rainwater-collecting tank, the upper edge of rainwater-collecting tank is provided with overflow conduit, overflow conduit is communicated with ecological filter by guiding gutter, rainwater-collecting tank by pipeline with let out pipe under side of buildings and be communicated with.

3. a kind of rainwater accumulation system solving urban waterlogging, haze and heat island effect according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, set up perspective fence around landscape reservoir.

4. a kind of rainwater accumulation system solving urban waterlogging, haze and heat island effect according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in landscape reservoir, arrange water balcony.