CN204375986U - Flexible ground equipment and system and corona current test probe thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flexible grounding device and system and a corona current test probe thereof, which comprises a signal acquisition control unit and a flexible channel establishment unit, and the signal acquisition control unit is used for collecting lightning physical quantities or electrostatic physical quantities or receiving early warning signals , generate a control signal for controlling the action of the flexible channel establishment unit, output the control signal to the flexible channel establishment unit, and control the action of the flexible channel establishment unit; the flexible channel establishment unit, the flexible channel establishment unit receives the control signal of the signal acquisition control unit Finally, act according to the requirements of the control signal to generate laser light, flame, plasma, electric arc, high-frequency high-voltage electric wave, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture, and establish a charge discharge channel in space or to the ground. The charge discharge channel established by the flexible conductive material has a longer channel length and an easier adjustment of the established angle, which improves the discharge capacity.

Description

Flexible grounding device and system and its corona current test probe

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection and antistatic, in particular to a flexible grounding device and system and a corona current testing probe thereof.

Background technique

As we all know, "lightning protection" must be "grounded", that is, the lightning charge received by the lightning receptor must be smoothly channeled to the earth through "grounding". However, in the history of lightning protection for more than 200 years since American Franklin's utility model metal lightning rod in the 17th century, human society has all adopted solids to establish connections to the earth. The most commonly used solid in traditional lightning protection projects is the grounding body. These grounding bodies include natural grounding bodies and artificial grounding bodies. Among them, the natural grounding body refers to the metal conductor that doubles as grounding, such as: metal components, metal well pipes, metal pipes, foundations of reinforced concrete buildings, etc. The artificial grounding body is specially buried in the ground as a grounding conductor, such as: grounding galvanized copper rod, grounding flat steel, electrolytic ion grounding module. The material forms of the above grounding bodies are all solid, and the shape will not change arbitrarily. The grounding body is pre-fixed in a certain position and is suitable for static occasions.

In today's society, the number of vehicles is increasing rapidly, activities are more frequent, and there are more and more electronic devices inside. These factors lead to a gradual increase in the probability of driving vehicles being struck by lightning or being affected by the thunderstorm environment. Compared with being struck by lightning, the phenomenon that the vehicle is affected by the thunderstorm environment is not very obvious, and it is not easy to attract people's attention. But in fact, thunderstorms will cause sharp changes in the strength of the atmospheric field on the ground, which will definitely affect vehicles in motion. Therefore, lightning protection measures for vehicles need to be further strengthened. The biggest difference between lightning protection measures for vehicles in motion and the most common lightning protection for buildings is grounding. The vehicle is in a dynamic state, and those solids used in static situations cannot be used because they must be fixed in a certain position in advance and cannot move with the vehicle body. Equally, if adopt the method for driving ground stake, promptly when grounding, just stop and drive ground stake, when vehicle travels, pull out ground stake again. This cannot be allowed today when efficiency and reliability are emphasized. In the prior art, there is also a class of conductive rubber tires, conductive rubber mop belts and metal grounding chains used in electrostatic protection, which are also difficult to solve the above problems. The car body has a certain distance from the ground, and there is no ready-made good charge discharge channel. The wheel has a large resistance. If the wheel is used as a ground, there will be a large thermal effect when the lightning current passes through, which will pose a safety hazard. The grounding device must be able to move with the vehicle body, and the grounding medium cannot be solid. Therefore, grounding in dynamic situations such as vehicles in motion has always been a technical problem.

With the advancement of technology, the fluid grounding device solves the above problems to a large extent by utilizing the fluidity and conductivity of the fluid. However, because the fluid grounding device needs to store the solution in advance, the device is large in size and heavy in weight; due to the limited container volume of the device, the number of times of use is small; the length of the grounding channel is short and the shape of the grounding channel is single; the power consumption of the test probe of the device is large.

To build a more complete vehicle protection system, it is necessary to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the above technical solutions.

Analyze the fluid grounding technical problem closest to the technology of the utility model. The fluid grounding device requires sufficient force to spray liquid, but the device has a limited spraying force, which limits the length of the grounding channel and also limits the construction of the shape of the grounding channel. To store the liquid in advance, a container is required, resulting in a bulky and heavy device. After the liquid is sprayed, it will decrease, and the volume of the container is limited, so the number of times of use is less.

The main reason for the existing problems with fluid grounding devices is because the grounding medium is a liquid. Compared with non-liquid media such as lasers, flames, plasmas, electric arcs, and high-frequency high-voltage electric waves (here collectively referred to as flexible substances), liquids have a relatively large weight and are seriously affected by gravity. To solve the above problems is to study the use of flexible materials to establish charge channels.

When the laser reaches sufficient power, it can ionize the air and form a charge channel.

The inner flame of the flame is in an ionic state and is very conductive. For example, people use this feature to place electrodes at the inner flame position of the burner torch to monitor the combustion of the flame.

Plasma is an ionized gaseous substance composed of positive and negative ions, which is very conductive. For example, in the case of static electricity, the applied ion air gun releases ions after the air is ionized by high-voltage electricity.

The arc is a free gas with high temperature and high conductivity, and its conductivity is very good.

High-frequency high-voltage radio waves, such as the high-frequency voltage of millions of volts obtained by Tesla coils, also known as Tesla coils (Tesla), can establish very long charge channels.

Flexible materials can form space charge channels without other additional conductive media. However, it is difficult to propose its application to the lightning protection and anti-static system in the moving state, especially the lightning protection and anti-static system of the moving vehicle as the medium connected to the earth. The main reasons are as follows:

First, at present, there are few researches on lightning protection and anti-static protection of vehicles in motion, insufficient understanding of protection systems, and insufficient understanding of grounding;

Second, even if the grounding device is to be used, it must cooperate with other devices to fully play its role. For example, in lightning protection, there must be the cooperation of lightning receptors. Those who are not technicians in professional fields will not consider the value of their applications because they do not have devices in these professional fields;

The 3rd, light has the device that produces flexible matter to constitute grounding device. The grounding device must have components to detect the physical parameters of the thunderstorm environment and the static environment, and then after the control process, the output control signal controls the action of the flexible material device to meet the actual application needs. Because the technical field of detecting the physical parameters of the thunderstorm environment and the static environment is different, even if the flexible material generation technology is mastered, it is difficult to imagine that it can be constructed as a grounding device and applied to the lightning protection and anti-static system of mobile vehicles.

Fourth, the conditions for lightning protection experiments and electrostatic protection experiments are lacking, making it difficult to carry out related research.

The applicant of the utility model has carried out lightning and electrostatic protection research in dynamic occasions, and found that there are still some problems when applying the prior art, so he proposes the technical scheme in the utility model. After the proposal was proposed, experiments were carried out in the laboratory, and the feasibility of flexible material grounding was demonstrated in combination with application condition parameters such as the distance from the vehicle to the ground. Technical solutions promote the further improvement of technology.

Utility model content

The utility model overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a flexible grounding device and system and a corona current test probe for solving the technical problem that the existing lightning protection is guided to the ground through solid connections.

Considering the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, according to one aspect disclosed by the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A flexible grounding method, using laser, flame, plasma, electric arc, high-frequency high-voltage electric wave, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture to establish a charge discharge channel to the space and/or the ground.

A flexible grounding device, which is selected from laser generators, flame generators, plasma generators, arc generators, high-frequency and high-voltage electric wave generators, Conductive gas generating device or conductive gas-liquid mixture generating device.

A flexible grounding system comprising:

The signal acquisition control unit is used to collect lightning physical quantities or electrostatic physical quantities or receive early warning signals, generate control signals for controlling the actions of the flexible channel establishment units, output control signals to the flexible channel establishment units, and control the actions of the flexible channel establishment units;

The flexible channel establishment unit, after receiving the control signal from the signal acquisition control unit, the flexible channel establishment unit operates according to the requirements of the control signal, and is used to make the above-mentioned flexible grounding device generate laser, flame, plasma, arc, high-frequency High-voltage electric waves, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture, establish a charge discharge channel in space or to the ground.

In order to realize the utility model better, further technical scheme is:

According to an embodiment of the utility model, the signal acquisition control unit includes:

The signal detection and receiving module is used to detect the surrounding environment, physical quantities on objects or receive radio signals, and convert them into voltage signals or digital signals and send them to the control processing module;

The control processing module is used to de-interference process the voltage signal or digital signal, and transmit the processed signal to the flexible channel establishment unit;

The grounding signal generation control module is used to receive the signal transmitted by the control processing module, and compare the signal with the voltage or code preset in the flexible channel establishment unit to determine whether to generate the above-mentioned grounding device Laser, flame, plasma, electric arc, high-frequency high-voltage electric wave, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture, to establish the grounding control signal of the charge discharge channel in space or to the ground.

According to another embodiment of the present utility model, the signal detection and receiving module of the signal acquisition control unit is a device selected from a lightning rod, an atmospheric electric field tester, an early warning signal receiver, an antenna, an electromagnetic field test probe, a corona current test probe, Electrostatic voltage test probe, electrostatic charge test probe or GPRS transceiver or wireless communication module.

According to another embodiment of the utility model, the probe includes a protection module and a sampling module, and the protection module is connected in parallel with the sampling module, that is, the parallel connection between the two input ends of the protection module and the two input ends of the sampling module; or the The protection module is connected in series between the input end and the output end of the sampling module. The protection module is a device for limiting transient overvoltage and releasing corresponding transient overcurrent. It should contain at least one lightning protection element. The lightning protection element is selected from air gaps, gas discharge tubes, multilayer gaps, piezoresistors, transient suppression diodes, resistors, capacitors, inductors or combinations thereof, and the sampling module is a resistor selected from devices, capacitors or inductors.

The air gap consists of two conductive electrodes separated by an insulator material, and there is a certain distance between the two conductive electrodes. Usually the air gap is not sealed and vacuumized.

The multi-layer gap is to stack more than one air gap or gas discharge tube together. Inside the multilayer gap there is more than one conductive electrode separated by an insulator material.

The combination is a random selection of air gaps, gas discharge tubes, multi-layer gaps, piezoresistors, transient suppression diodes, resistors, capacitors, and inductors to form a one-level or multi-level structure. The primary structure is that the above lightning protection components are connected in series or in parallel, for example, gas discharge tubes are connected in series with piezoresistors; air gaps are connected in parallel with capacitors. The multi-level structure is to connect more than one of the above-mentioned primary structures or lightning protection components with another lightning protection component. For example, in the two-stage structure, the first stage is a gas discharge tube, the piezoresistor is used between the second stages, and the inductor is connected between the first stage and the second stage. For example, in the three-stage structure, the first stage is an air gap, a varistor is used between the second stage, a varistor is used in the third stage, a transient suppression diode is used, and an inductor is used between the first stage and the second stage. connection, and a resistor is used between the second and third stages.

According to another embodiment of the present utility model, the protection module is connected in series with the lightning receptor, and the lightning receptor is a type selected from Franklin type lightning rod, optimized lightning rod, bipolar lightning rod, flash shield type lightning rod, ESE Pre-discharge lightning rods and bipolar optimized lightning rods.

According to another embodiment of the present utility model, the control processing module of the signal acquisition control unit is a comparison circuit or a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the comparison circuit is a comparison input terminal of a comparator chip coupled with a preset voltage signal generation circuit. connected, another comparison input end of the comparator chip is coupled with the control processing module; the single-chip microcomputer circuit includes an AD conversion chip and a single-chip microcomputer chip, the input end of the AD conversion chip is coupled with the control processing module, and the output end of the AD conversion chip is connected with the control processing module. The single chip microcomputer chip input terminal is coupled.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition control unit and the flexible channel establishment unit transmit signals in a mode selected from optocoupler, relay, optical fiber, radio or infrared transmission.

According to another embodiment of the present utility model, the corona current test probe includes a gas discharge tube port 1, the connection between the gas discharge tube port 1 and the resistor R1 port 1, and the gas discharge tube port 2 and the port 1 of the resistor R2 connection; port 2 of the resistor R1 is connected to port 1 of the inductor L1, port 2 of the inductor L1 is connected to port 1 of the gas discharge tube V2, port 2 of the resistor R2 is connected to port 1 of the inductor L2 The port 2 of the inductor L2 is connected to the port 2 of the gas discharge tube V2. Port 1 of resistor R3 is connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V2, port 2 of resistor R3 is connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V2; diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 form a bridge rectifier circuit. The common connection ends of diodes D1 and D4 are connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V2, the common connection ends of diodes D2 and D3 are connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V2, and the common connection ends of diodes D1 and D3 are connected to the port of inductor L3 1 connection, the common connection end of diodes D2 and D4 is connected to port 1 of inductor L4; port 2 of inductor L3 is connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V3, and port 2 of inductor L4 is connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V3 Connection, port 1 of gas discharge tube V3 is connected to port 1 of resistor R4, port 2 of gas discharge tube V3 is connected to port 1 of resistor R5; port 2 of resistor R4 is connected to port 1 of resistor R6, resistor Port 2 of resistor R5 is connected to port 2 of resistor R6, port 1 of transient diode VD1 is connected to port 1 of resistor R6, port 1 of capacitor C1, and input port 1 of the control processing module, port 2 of transient diode VD1 is connected to resistor The port 2 of the device R6, the port 2 of the capacitor C1, and the input port 2 of the control processing module are connected. .

A method of processing by a processor, comprising:

S1, the processor reads the average data in the latest space size and the preset environmental parameter threshold, the average data in the space size refers to the average value of the environmental parameters in a space, and the environmental parameters refer to the atmospheric electric field strength value, corona current value, electrostatic voltage value. The preset environmental parameter threshold refers to the environmental parameter threshold stored in the memory after encoding;

S2, judging whether the average value is greater than the preset value, if it is greater, it means that the external environment parameter is higher than the preset value, it needs to be grounded, and go to S5; if not, go to S3;

S3, when the external environment parameter is not greater than the preset value, it means that the external dangerous quantity has not increased, and it is necessary to judge the stability of this state, so it is judged whether the state time is greater than the preset value. The time preset value refers to the pre-set time for the stability of the state. When this time is exceeded, go to S4. If it is not exceeded, go to S1 and read the value again;

S4, the environmental parameter threshold restoration is to restore the environmental parameter threshold to the initial state when the state is considered stable and the external dangerous quantity does not increase;

S5, when the external environment parameter is higher than the preset value, grounding is required, and the grounding control signal is output to control the action of the flexible channel establishment unit;

S6, after the control signal is output, re-read the average data in the latest space size;

S7, whether the latest average value is greater than or equal to the previous historical average value, and determine whether the charge has been discharged after grounding, resulting in a decrease in the external environment parameter value. Not greater than, go to S8, greater than go to S9;

S8, if the new environmental parameter value decreases after grounding, stop outputting the grounding control signal;

S9, if the value of the new environmental parameter does not decrease after grounding, determine whether the adjusted preset threshold exceeds the upper limit, and if it exceeds the upper limit, no adjustment is performed;

S10, the preset threshold value does not exceed the upper limit, and store the preset value plus A into the memory.

Compared with the prior art, one of the beneficial effects of the utility model is:

A flexible grounding device and system of the utility model and its corona current test probe have:

1) Since the charge discharge channel is established through the flexible conductive material, no pre-storage and no container are required, which can reduce the volume and weight of the device;

2) Due to the charge discharge channel established by the flexible conductive material, the number of times of use is greatly increased;

3) The flexible conductive material is less affected by gravity, so the length of the established charge channel is longer, and the established angle is easier to adjust, which is more conducive to the establishment of a geometrically shaped channel and improves the discharge capacity;

4) The circuit structure of the probe is optimized, the power consumption of the probe is reduced, and the control accuracy is higher by further optimizing the data processing;

5) The grounding technology system in motion can be further improved.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiment of the present application document or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings are only references to some embodiments in the present application documents, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 shows a structural block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a functional block diagram of a signal acquisition control unit of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a functional block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a functional block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows a functional block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the application of the flexible grounding system in vehicle lightning and static electricity protection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the application of the flexible grounding system in lightning protection in solid objects according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of an atmospheric electric field probe according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a comparison circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a processor circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a clamp filter circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of arrangement of probes at the same level according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of arrangement of probes at different levels according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of arrangement of probes at the same level according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of a preset voltage adaptive adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a control switch circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a corona current test probe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 shows a schematic diagram of a processor control flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 19 shows a schematic diagram of a method for calculating the average value of probe data according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

The problem of the fluid grounding device is mainly because the grounding medium is liquid. Compared with non-liquid media such as lasers, flames, plasmas, electric arcs, and high-frequency high-voltage waves, liquids have a relatively large weight and are seriously affected by gravity. The length of the grounding channel of the grounding device makes it difficult for the grounding channel to form a complex shape, and this also greatly increases the overall weight of the device. The volume of the container is limited and the number of times of use is limited. It takes a long time for the liquid to build the grounding channel, and the response time is slow; the length of the grounding channel is short, the shape of the grounding channel is single, and the environment is greatly affected.

In order to solve the problem that the liquid grounding device in the prior art needs to store the solution, the device has a large volume and the solution has a certain quality, which makes the overall weight of the device heavy; the device is limited in size, the container volume is limited, and the number of times of use is small, so it needs to be frequently added liquid. It is not very convenient; it takes a long time for the liquid to construct the grounding channel, and the response time is slow; the length of the grounding channel is short, the shape of the grounding channel is single, and the environmental impact is large; the test probe consumes a lot of energy, and the degree of automation of the device needs to be further improved. An embodiment of the new model adopts a flexible grounding method, that is, using laser, flame, plasma, electric arc, high-frequency high-voltage electric wave, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture to establish a charge discharge channel to the space and/or the ground.

In order to implement the above flexible grounding method, another embodiment of the present invention discloses a flexible grounding device, which is a laser generator, a flame generator, and a device, plasma generating device, arc generating device, high-frequency and high-voltage electric wave generating device, conductive gas generating device or conductive gas-liquid mixture generating device. For laser generators, flame generators, plasma generators, arc generators, high-frequency and high-voltage radio wave generators, conductive gas generators or conductive gas-liquid mixture generators, those skilled in the art can, based on the content disclosed in this application document, The existing device can be applied in the field of lightning protection, so the description of the specific structures of the above components is omitted.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows the structure of a flexible grounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intelligently controlled flexible grounding device includes a signal acquisition control unit and a flexible channel establishment unit.

The signal acquisition control unit is used to output a ground control signal to the flexible channel establishment unit to control the flexible channel establishment unit to release the flexible conductive medium to establish the charge channel or stop releasing the flexible conductive medium to stop the establishment of the charge channel after collecting or receiving the signal.

The signal acquisition control unit is used to collect lightning physical quantities and electrostatic physical quantities or receive early warning signals, and after signal conversion, output a grounding control signal to the flexible channel establishment unit to control the action of the flexible channel establishment unit.

Wherein, the physical quantity of lightning may include current, voltage, electric field strength, magnetic field strength or electromagnetic wave in the thundercloud environment.

The physical quantity of lightning specifically refers to the electric field intensity and corona current in the space within 100 meters from the ground surface under the thundercloud environment.

The static physical quantity includes current, voltage, electric charge and electric field intensity in an environment where static electricity exists.

The electrostatic physical quantity particularly refers to the electrostatic voltage of the vehicle body in an environment where static electricity exists.

The early warning signal includes the early warning signal sent by the lightning early warning system, the early warning signal sent by the meteorological system, the early warning signal sent by the military system and the early warning signal sent by the communication system.

The early warning signal is particularly an early warning signal issued by an atmospheric electric field meter, a radar or a combination thereof.

The early warning signal is especially a coded or modulated early warning signal sent by radio.

The grounding control signal refers to a signal controlling the action of the flexible channel establishment unit.

The flexible conductive medium refers to a substance that exists in a state that is not solid and does not have a fixed shape, and charges can move in the substance.

The flexible conductive medium includes laser, flame, plasma, electric arc, high-frequency and high-voltage electric wave, conductive gas and conductive gas-liquid mixture.

The lasers include lasers emitted by ultraviolet lasers, infrared lasers, blue lasers, green lasers, yellow lasers, red lasers and single longitudinal mode lasers.

The lasers in particular refer to ultraviolet lasers with a wavelength of 261nm to 397nm, blue lasers with a wavelength of 400nm to 491nm, ultraviolet lasers with a wavelength of 261nm to 397nm, green lasers with a wavelength of 500.8nm to 543nm; yellow lasers with a wavelength of 556nm to 607nm, 622nm~750nm red laser; 785nm~3800nm infrared laser, 457nm~1342nm single longitudinal mode laser.

As shown in Figure 2, Figure 2 shows a functional block diagram of the signal acquisition control unit of the flexible grounding device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition control unit of the intelligently controlled flexible grounding device in this embodiment includes a signal detection and receiving module , a control processing module and a ground signal generation control module.

The signal detection and receiving circuit is coupled to the control processing module, and the signal detection and reception module detects physical quantities on the surrounding environment and objects or receives an early warning signal, and then transmits the converted electrical signal to the control processing module. The control processing module is coupled to the ground signal generation control module, and the control processing module performs deinterference or digital processing or extraction or transformation or analysis or synthesis on the electrical signal, and then sends the result to the ground signal generation control module. The ground signal generation control module generates a ground control signal that controls the action of the flexible channel establishment unit, and the ground control signal is sent to the flexible channel establishment unit after being processed by analog-to-digital conversion, amplification, shaping or isolation, and the ground signal generates The control module controls the action of the flexible channel establishment unit. The links can appear alone or in combination, and the sequence can be reversed.

The detection and receiving module of the signal acquisition control unit of the intelligent control flexible grounding device in the utility model is a probe, a circuit and a device that are separated from the device or integrated with the device. The probes include atmospheric electric field test probes, corona current test probes and electrostatic voltage test probes. The probe is placed outside or inside the intelligent control flexible grounding device. The probe is set independently or integrated in an intelligently controlled flexible grounding device.

The atmospheric electric field test probe includes a probe for measuring the electric field by using the principle that a conductor generates an induced charge in an electric field. The atmospheric electric field test probe has two sets of metal sheets, one of which is fixed, called the fixed piece, and acts as an induction charge; the other piece is not fixed and needs to move, called the moving piece, and the moving piece is divided into several fan-shaped metal pieces. piece. When the moving piece rotates, the fixed piece is alternately exposed to the external electric field or blocked by the shielding piece, and E=0 when it is blocked. When it rotates again and again, an alternating output signal is generated. The size of the induced charge Q on the stator is proportional to the external electric field strength E, and the change of the induced charge Q with time is the induced current I. After calculation and through the conversion of the I-V converter in the circuit, it can be deduced that when the rotation speed of the moving piece is constant, the current and voltage output by the sensor are proportional to the electric field, so the electric field strength value can be obtained by measuring the voltage. The environmental state is judged by this atmospheric electric field value.

The corona current test probe is to place a resistor or a capacitor or an inductor or a combination thereof in the space, and the space reaches a certain electric field strength to generate a corona current. When the corona current flows through the above-mentioned device, the voltage signal existing at both ends, Therefore, the corona current value can be obtained by measuring the voltage. The environmental state is judged by this corona current value.

The electrostatic voltage test probe is a vibrating capacitive electrostatic voltage test probe. The vibrating capacitive electrostatic voltage test probe is mainly composed of a measuring probe, an AC amplifier, an oscillator, a phase-sensitive detector, a display instrument, a zero-adjusting power supply, a regulated power supply, and the like. The probe electrode is a metal sheet that can vibrate. Due to mechanical vibration, the capacitance between the probe electrode and the charged body under test changes periodically, so under the action of electrostatic induction of the charged body under test, a periodic cycle is generated on the probe electrode. changing voltage signal. Because the AC signal is very weak, an impedance transformer with high input impedance is used to receive the signal, and it is input to the range converter after impedance transformation. The AC amplifier receives the output signal of the range converter, amplifies it and restores it to a DC signal. The AC signal on the probe is determined by the voltage of the charged object under test and the vibration of the probe, and does not decay with time. The structure is beneficial to work stably in an environment with a lot of dust and high humidity.

The electrostatic voltage test probe may be a direct induction electrostatic voltage test probe. The basic principle of the direct induction electrostatic voltage test probe to measure the electrostatic voltage is to use the capacitance between the probe and the charged body to be measured to directly induce and amplify the electrostatic voltage to display the electrostatic voltage. Due to electrostatic induction, what is measured by this instrument is the average value of the voltage (or potential) on the surface of the charged body. range. In order to identify the polarity of the electrified body, it is possible to identify the polarity of the voltage of the electrified body under test by applying a certain voltage to the rotating pole piece and through the instrument indication.

The electrostatic voltage test probe may be a collector type electrostatic voltage test probe. The collecting electrostatic voltage test probe uses radioactive isotopes to ionize the air, so as to measure the ground voltage of the charged body under test. Its structural principle is radioactive isotope (usually radium), under the action of radioactive isotope, the air is ionized, a weak gas conductive area is formed between the charged body under test and the probe, and a DC signal voltage is generated on the collector sheet, and the instrument probe Contains traces of radioactive isotopes.

The electrostatic voltage test probe may be a rotating blade type electrostatic voltage test probe. The meter probe part of the rotating vane electrostatic voltage test probe has a small motor.

The weather information receiver refers to the ability to receive wireless mobile public network GSM/GPRS and fixed telephone PSTN network information.

The control processing module is coupled to the ground signal generation control module, and is used for processing the signal output by the signal detection and reception module, and then sending the converted signal or information to the ground signal generation control module. The control processing module is an interference removal circuit, which removes low frequency, shot particles, high frequency heat, device noise, transistor noise, and interference from power supply, ground wire, and space electromagnetic waves through filtering, coupling, and radiation interference. The anti-interference circuit includes reasonable selection of low-noise semiconductor components for different operating frequencies, and appropriate amplifier circuits are selected according to different operating frequency bands and parameters. Shielded wire conduction interference, radiation interference, and coupling interference are generally filtered. measures to suppress. The filter circuit includes a power supply filter capacitor, LC or RC filter. The shielding includes setting a shielding shell for shielding electromagnetic fields.

The control processing module is or a digital processing circuit. The digital processing is to convert information into numbers and data, and then use these numbers and data to establish appropriate digital models, convert them into a series of binary codes, and introduce them into the processor for unified processing. The digitization process is usually carried out with an analog-to-digital converter, which converts any continuously varying analog signal into a series of separated signals represented by 0s and 1s.

The control processing module may be a signal extraction circuit. The extraction is to extract useful signals from background noise.

The control processing module may be a signal transformation circuit. The signal conversion circuit refers to converting analog quantities into digital quantities, changing voltage signals into current signals, or changing signals from single-ended signals into differential signals. Said signal conversion circuit or means to perform amplitude adjustment.

The control processing module may be a signal processing circuit. The signal analysis circuit refers to a form of arithmetic processing in which the signal is compared with a preset voltage to determine whether the signal reaches a threshold. In another form of the operation processing, the signal is sent to the single-chip microcomputer, and the code is pre-stored in the single-chip microcomputer. The pre-stored code refers to a code that can represent the size of the threshold information.

The control processing module may be a signal synthesis circuit. The signal synthesis circuit mixes several signals to form a new signal with multiple components.

The ground signal generation control module is coupled to the flexible channel establishment unit, the ground signal generation control module outputs the ground control signal to the flexible channel establishment unit, and the connection between the ground signal generation control module and the flexible channel establishment unit is coupled Signal connections include the use of optocouplers, relays, fiber optics, and radio.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 shows a functional block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the intelligently controlled flexible grounding device consists of an air receptor, a protection module, a sampling module, a control processing module, and a laser generator composition. The lightning receptor, protection module, sampling module and control processing module are combined to form a signal acquisition control unit, and the laser generator is a flexible channel establishment unit.

The lightning receptors are Franklin type lightning rods, optimized lightning rods, bipolar lightning rods, bipolar optimized lightning rods, flash shield type lightning rods, and ESE early discharge type lightning rods.

The Franklin type lightning rod is a low-impedance metal lightning rod.

The optimized lightning rod is characterized by a base, an upper and lower support, several impedance chains, a lightning receptor, a lightning protection cover, a lightning protection unit, and a radiation oscillator. The lightning receptor is the front end of the lightning rod, and the lightning protection cover passes through The special flange is connected by bolts to the flash shield and the shell, and the lightning protection unit has a clipper, an electronic lightning arrester, a lightning recorder and an alarm. The function of the optimized lightning rod is to accept the direct lightning discharge when the electric field intensity is as high as the lightning discharge. Since the lightning rod itself has an impedance current limiting unit and an automatic control unit, the amplitude and steepness of the lightning current can be reduced in advance, so that it can effectively Ground suppression and weaken the harm caused by ground potential counterattack and lightning induction.

The bipolar space charge discharge dispersion type lightning rod (abbreviated as bipolar lightning rod) is characterized in that it is installed on the top of the object to be protected. The supporting part, the supporting part of the potential relief device includes a supporting part and a discharge brush, the grounding electrode and the grounding down conductor are connected on the base, and the discharge brush is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting part in the vertical direction, on the top of the supporting part of the potential relief device Equipped with a potential relief device. The role of the bipolar space charge discharge dispersive lightning rod is the corona discharge stage before the lightning strike occurs. Under the action of the thundercloud electric field, the bipolar lightning rod produces a much larger corona current than the Franklin lightning rod, which improves the discharge phenomenon. The voltage makes it reduce the probability of lightning strike to a certain extent, avoiding the occurrence of lightning strike, and when the electric field intensity is large enough to the extent of lightning discharge, it can undertake direct lightning discharge.

The bipolar optimized lightning rod is characterized by including a lightning-into-the-earth device and a corona discharge device. The device for guiding lightning into the ground includes a conductive support, a pin top fixed on the top of the conductive support, and an inductive resistor electrically connected to the conductive support; when a direct lightning strike occurs, the pin top, conductive support, inductive resistor, and lead The lower line and the ground electrode form a discharge path. The corona discharge device includes an insulating bushing installed on a conductive support body, a discharge disk sleeved on the bushing, and a discharge brush located under the discharge disk and installed along the periphery of the conductive support body. The role of the bipolar optimized lightning rod is to combine the characteristics of the low probability of lightning contact with the bipolar rod and the characteristics of the optimized lightning rod to improve the lightning process, reduce lightning induction, and reduce ground potential counterattack. Under the premise that the probability of receiving lightning is lower than that of the Franklin lightning rod, the protected object is protected from direct lightning damage, and when the electric field intensity is large enough to discharge lightning, it can withstand direct lightning discharge.

The lightning shield type lightning rod is an improved type of bipolar needle, and is characterized by a needle head, an insulating bush, a suspended induction conductor, a pillar, a discharge brush, an enhanced discharge device and a base. The needle is installed on the top of the lightning shield lightning rod. The pillar is a conductive metal rod, the upper part is connected with the needle, and the lower part is connected with the base. The suspended induction conductor is in the shape of a bamboo hat, fixed under the needle of the pillar through an insulating bushing, and electrically insulated from the pillar. The discharge brush has a spiral shape, is coiled and fixed on the column, and is directly connected to the column electrically under the electrostatic induction conductor. The role of the flash shield lightning rod is to change the distribution of charges around the lightning rod through the bipolar space charge discharge and dispersion technology, so as to reduce the electric field intensity at the top of the needle when lightning comes, and increase the lightning voltage. , Undertake direct lightning discharge.

The ESE early discharge type lightning rod contains a pulse transformer and an oscillator inside.

The lightning receptor is coupled to the protection module and is coupled to the sampling module at the same time. The lightning receptor is used to sense the thundercloud charge when there is no lightning discharge in the thundercloud or receive the thundercloud charge when the lightning discharge occurs in the thundercloud. The lightning receptor can be a lightning rod, a metal rod, or an antenna.

The protection module is coupled with the sampling module, and the protection module is used to limit the voltage amplitude or current amplitude of the internal circuit of the sampling module, so as to prevent the sampling module from being damaged due to insulation drop or exceeding rated voltage or exceeding rated current. The protection module includes an air gap, a multi-layer gap, a gas discharge tube, a piezoresistor, a transient suppression diode, a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor or a combination thereof. The combination is one or more stages. When the voltage range is limited, the protection module and the sampling module are connected in parallel, and when the current range is limited, the protection module and the sampling module are connected in series. The protection module particularly refers to a gas discharge tube or an air gap connected in parallel with the sampling module. The gas discharge tube or air gap has switching characteristics, that is, when the voltage at both ends of the gas discharge tube or the air gap does not exceed the breakdown range, the gas discharge tube or the air gap The resistance of the discharge tube is above the level of megohm. When the voltage at both ends exceeds the magnitude of the breakdown, the resistance of the gas discharge tube suddenly changes to the milliohm level. The protection module can withstand 8/20μs lightning current of 10kA-300kA level or 10/350μs lightning current of 10kA-300kA level.

The sampling module is coupled with the control processing module, and the sampling module is used for converting the charge or inflow current induced from the lightning receptor into a voltage signal. The voltage signal is direct or alternating. The frequency of the alternating voltage signal is fixed or variable. The amplitude of the voltage signal should be less than 12V.

The control processing module is coupled to the laser generator, and the control processing module performs signal form conversion, amplitude adjustment, and calculation processing on the signal, and outputs a grounding control signal to the laser generator.

The control processing module is a comparison circuit. The comparator circuit includes a preset voltage circuit and a comparator chip; the preset voltage circuit generates a DC voltage of a certain magnitude; a comparison input terminal of the comparator chip is coupled to the preset voltage generating circuit, and the comparator chip The other comparison input terminal of the signal sampling module is coupled to the signal sampling module, and the output terminal of the comparator chip is coupled to the laser generator; when the signal output by the signal sampling module is less than the preset voltage, the comparator chip outputs an invalid grounding control signal, When the signal output by the signal sampling module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage, the comparator chip outputs an effective grounding control signal.

The control processing module is or a single-chip microcomputer circuit. The single-chip microcomputer circuit includes an AD conversion chip and a single-chip microcomputer chip, the input end of the AD conversion chip is coupled with the signal sampling module, the output end of the AD conversion chip is coupled with the input end of the single-chip microcomputer chip, and the effect of the AD conversion chip is to convert the signal The signal output by the sampling module is converted into a digital signal, and then output to the single-chip microcomputer chip; the inside of the single-chip microcomputer chip pre-stores the information of the encoded threshold, and the inside of the single-chip micro-computer chip pre-stores the software code, and the signal output by the AD conversion chip and the value of the pre-stored threshold The information is comprehensively calculated, and finally when it is judged that the signal characteristics output by the signal sampling module are inconsistent with the information of the threshold value, the single-chip microcomputer outputs an invalid grounding control signal, and when the signal characteristics output by the signal sampling module are consistent with the information of the threshold value, the single-chip microcomputer outputs valid ground control signal. The AD conversion chip in the single-chip microcomputer circuit may be built in the single-chip microcomputer chip.

After receiving the grounding control signal, the laser generator acts according to the requirements of the control signal to generate and emit laser light, and establish a charge discharge channel in space or to the ground. The working medium of the laser generator can be gas, liquid or solid. The working medium consists of atoms, molecules or a mixture of both. The laser generators include solid-state lasers and liquid lasers. The working substance of the solid-state laser consists of atoms or ions doped in certain crystals. The liquid laser working substance consists of large molecular weight molecules dissolved in a liquid. The number of said laser generators is one or more. The laser generator emits laser light to the ground. When there are multiple laser generators, a laser charge channel is established between any two.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 4 shows a functional block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention. The intelligently controlled flexible grounding device includes a probe, a control processing module, an alarm module, and a high voltage generator. The atmospheric electric field probe, the control processing module, and the alarm module are signal acquisition control units, and the high-voltage generator is a flexible channel establishment unit.

The probes include atmospheric electric field probes and corona current probes. The atmospheric electric field probe output is coupled to the control processing module. The atmospheric electric field probe is a field mill type atmospheric electric field probe, and the atmospheric electric field probe is composed of two symmetrical fan-shaped metal sheets parallel to each other with a certain distance in the middle and similar in shape. The metal sheet (stator) below is used for inductive charge. The upper metal sheet (rotor) is driven by a motor and connected to ground. Its shielding disc is an annular disc with 2n fan-shaped holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. There is a convex edge on the same circumferential surface as its arc surface between every two fan-shaped holes on the upper surface. The motor shaft passes through the positioning The seat and the grounding brush are connected to the center hole of the shielding disc; the positioning seat is an annular disc with a groove on the inner diameter surface and a raised edge on the lower surface. The grounding brush is embedded in the groove and frictionally contacts with the motor shaft. The two groups of electrodes are 2n fan-shaped metal sheets, which are alternately and evenly distributed in the convex edge of the lower surface of the positioning seat along the circumferential direction. The convex edge of the positioning seat is located outside the convex edge of the shielding disk, and the two groups of electrodes are insulated from the positioning seat. connection, the two outputs of which are connected to the two inputs of the preamplifier respectively. The corona current probe is a resistor. One end of the resistor is suspended in the air, and the other end is coupled to the control processing module.

The control processing module is coupled with the alarm module, and is also coupled with the high voltage generator. The control processing module simultaneously receives signals from the atmospheric electric field probe and the corona current probe. After the weighted average processing of the output signals of the two probes, the voltage value is obtained, and then logical operations are performed, and finally the grounding control signal is output. Doing so helps to improve the accuracy of the control.

The alarm module outputs an alarm signal after receiving the signal from the control processing module.

After receiving the signal from the control processing module, the high voltage generator acts according to the grounding control signal to generate high voltage. The high voltage discharges to ground. The high voltage generators include Tesla generators and Marcos high voltage generators. The principle of the Tesla generator is to use a transformer to boost the normal voltage, and then charge the resonant capacitor of the primary LC circuit. When the charge reaches the discharge threshold, the spark gap discharges and conducts, and the primary LC circuit undergoes series resonance to provide the secondary coil with Enough high excitation power, followed by being equal to the frequency of the secondary LC circuit, makes the inductance of the secondary coil and the distributed capacitance resonate in series, and the discharge terminal generates high-frequency and high-voltage discharge. The principle of the Marcos high voltage generator is that capacitors are connected in series to generate high voltage.

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 shows a functional block diagram of a flexible grounding system according to another embodiment of the present invention. The comparator intelligently controlled flexible grounding device includes a probe, a control processing module, a wireless transmitting module, and a plasma generator. The combination of the probe, the control processing module and the wireless transmitting module constitutes a signal acquisition control unit. The plasma generator is a flexible channel building unit.

The output end of the probe is coupled with the control processing module, and the probe includes an electrostatic test probe and a corona current test probe. The probe electrostatic test probe is a vibrating capacitive electrostatic voltage test probe. The number of the corona current test probes is more than one. Each corona current test probe is placed individually in the air.

The output end of the control processing module is coupled to the wireless transmitting module and at the same time coupled to the plasma generator. The control processing module calculates the amplitude and rate of change of the output signal of the electrostatic test probe, and outputs a grounding control signal when the threshold value is reached. The control processing module converts the corona current test probe signal into a digital signal, performs weighted average calculation, and finally obtains the size of the corona current in the area. When the corona current reaches the threshold, the grounding control signal is output.

The wireless transmitting module encodes the grounding control signal and transmits it into the air, so that the device for receiving the grounding control signal in another space can receive the signal.

The plasma generator acts upon receiving the grounding control signal to generate plasma and blow it into the air. The plasma generator is a device for obtaining plasma by artificial means. The plasma generator includes a device for generating plasma by a DC arc discharge method, an AC power frequency discharge method, a high frequency induction discharge method, a low pressure discharge method (such as a glow discharge method) and a combustion method.

The DC arc discharge method, AC power frequency discharge method, high frequency induction discharge method, and low pressure discharge method are obtained by electrical means; the discharge principle utilizes an external electric field or a high frequency induction electric field to make the gas conduct electricity. Combustion is obtained by chemical means. The discharge includes types such as arc discharge, high frequency induction arc discharge and glow discharge. In particular, the arc plasma torch is mainly composed of a cathode (the anode is replaced by a workpiece) or cathode and anode, a discharge chamber and a plasma working gas supply system.

As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a flexible grounding system applied in vehicle lightning and static electricity protection according to an embodiment of the present invention. The application of the intelligent control flexible grounding device in vehicle lightning and static protection. The grounding device host 1 is installed at the rear of the vehicle 4, and the lightning rod 3 is installed on the top of the vehicle 4. The probe 1 detects environmental lightning and static signals. 2 and the ground constitute the channel for charge discharge to complete the discharge of charge.

As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a flexible grounding system applied in lightning protection in solid objects according to an embodiment of the present invention. The application of the intelligent control flexible grounding device in lightning protection in solid objects. The grounding device host 1 is installed next to the protected object 4, and the lightning rod 3 is installed around the protected object 4. The lightning rod 3 is equipped with a reflector, and the probe 1 detects environmental lightning and static signals. When the threshold is reached, the intelligently controlled flexible grounding device The host 1 generates and emits a conductive substance 2 , and the conductive substance 2 forms a channel for charge discharge between two lightning rods 3 .

Another embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 8 shows a schematic structural view of an atmospheric electric field probe according to another embodiment of the present invention, the atmospheric electric field test probe uses the principle that a conductor generates an induced charge in an electric field to measure electric field. The probe includes a fixed piece, a moving piece, a motor, a protection module, a signal processing module and a signal transceiver module. The moving piece is above the fixed piece and is insulated from the fixed piece. The moving plate is driven to rotate by the motor. The output end of the stator is connected to port 1 of the protection module and the input port 1 of the signal processing module, the metal shell of the motor is connected to port 2 of the protection module and the input port 2 of the signal processing module, and the output port 1 of the signal processing module is connected to the input port of the signal transceiver module 1, and the output port 2 of the signal processing module is connected to the input port 2 of the signal transceiver module.

When the stator is in the electric field, induced charges will be generated on the surface. If the capacitance of the induction conductor is C, an induced voltage will be generated. The moving piece is a circular plate divided into six (four) equal sectors. When driven by the motor to rotate, the fixed piece is alternately shielded and exposed in the electric field to generate an induced alternating signal. The size of the induced charge Q on the stator is proportional to the external electric field strength E, and the change of the induced charge Q with time is the induced current I. This signal is sent to the signal processing module for processing and converted by the I-V converter, so the electric field strength value can be obtained by measuring the voltage.

In the case where the electric field intensity has a sudden change, and because the processing chip in the input port of the signal processing module processes weak signals, its withstand voltage is generally very low. Therefore, the transient voltage is likely to exceed the withstand voltage of the device, causing its damage. The protection module includes an air gap, a multi-layer gap, a gas discharge tube, a piezoresistor, a transient suppression diode, a resistor, and a capacitor , inductors or combinations thereof.

The atmospheric electric field probe is in a high electric field environment, and there is a high common-mode voltage, which will burn out the electronic equipment connected to it. Use the signal transceiver module to encode the signal of the signal processing module into a wireless signal, and transmit it wirelessly. This avoids a direct electrical connection. The atmospheric electric field probe can be more independent in the reference ground, which greatly benefits the safety of the probe itself.

Another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 9, Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a comparison circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention, the control processing module is a comparison circuit. The comparator circuit comprises a preset voltage generating circuit and a comparator chip; the input port 1 of the comparator chip is connected to the output port of the sampling module, and the input port 2 of the comparator chip is connected to the output of the preset voltage generating circuit The ports are connected. The preset voltage circuit generates a DC voltage of a certain magnitude, and common preset voltage circuits are resistor divider circuits and resistance-capacitance divider circuits. The output port 1 of the comparator chip is connected to the input port of the flexible channel establishment unit. When the signal output by the signal sampling module is lower than the preset voltage, the comparator chip outputs an invalid ground control signal, and when the signal output by the signal sampling module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage, the comparator chip outputs a valid ground control signal. The types of sampling modules include electric field strength test probes, corona current test probes and electrostatic voltage test probes.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10 , FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a processor circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the control processing module may be a processor circuit. The processor circuit includes an AD conversion chip and a processor chip, the input end 1 of the AD conversion chip is connected to the output end 1 of the signal sampling module, the output end 1 of the AD conversion chip is connected to the input end 1 of the processor chip, and the processor The chip output terminal 1 establishes a unit connection with the flexible channel. The function of the AD conversion chip is to convert the signal output by the signal sampling module into a digital signal, and then output it to the processor chip; the information of the encoded threshold value is pre-stored in the processor chip, and the software code is pre-stored in the processor chip. The signal output by the AD conversion chip and the pre-stored threshold information are comprehensively calculated, and finally when it is judged that the signal characteristics output by the signal sampling module are inconsistent with the threshold information, the processor outputs an invalid grounding control signal, and the signal sampling module outputs When the signal characteristic of is consistent with the information of the threshold value, the processor outputs a valid grounding control signal. The AD conversion chip in the processor circuit may be built in the processor chip. The processor chip includes a single-chip microcomputer. The sampling module types include electric field strength test probes, corona current test probes and electrostatic voltage test probes.

Another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 . FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a clamp filter circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention. The clamp filter circuit includes a gas discharge tube, a capacitor and a resistor. The port 1 of the gas discharge tube is connected to the port 1 of the capacitor C1 and the port 1 of the resistor R1. The port 2 of the gas discharge tube is connected to the port 2 of the capacitor C1 and the port 2 of the capacitor C2, and the port 2 of the resistor R1 is connected to the port 1 of the capacitor C2. When the input voltage range exceeds the breakdown voltage of the gas discharge tube V1, the gas discharge tube becomes low impedance to realize clamping. When the amplitude of the input voltage does not exceed the breakdown voltage of the gas discharge tube V1, but fluctuates, the capacitor C1 realizes filtering by exchanging energy with the line. The resistor limits the line current and the capacitor C2 is the second level of filtering.

Another embodiment, as shown in Figures 12 to 14, Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the layout of the probes at the same level according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the probes according to another embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the arrangement at different levels, Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the probes at the same level according to another embodiment of the present invention; since a single probe is in the space, it can only detect the physical parameters of lightning or static electricity at a certain point in the space, The value at this point can only be an eigenvalue of the local space. When the space environment conditions are complicated, such as the difference in the physical properties of the air at different heights, it will cause uneven electric field, or the volume of the object to be protected is too large and the probe is too small, then the control based on the measured value of a probe will produce a large error. Therefore, multiple probes are arranged in space according to certain rules. The signals detected by the probe are summed and then averaged, and the obtained value is more representative and the accuracy is improved.

Another embodiment, as shown in Figures 15 to 16, Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of a preset voltage adaptive adjustment circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of a preset voltage adaptive adjustment circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the control switch circuit, due to the variability of the thunderstorm environment, there are large differences in different regions and different climatic conditions. The value of the corona current is affected by the thunderstorm environment. If the preset voltage input to the comparison circuit is fixed, then in different thunderstorm environments, the moment when the corona current reaches the threshold will be inconsistent, and there will be a large control error.

The preset voltage generation circuit is designed as an adaptive adjustment circuit, so that the preset voltage can be automatically adjusted according to different environments, which can minimize errors.

The port 1 of the resistor R _a is connected to the power supply output terminal V _CC , the port 2 of the resistor R _a is connected to the port 1 of the resistor R _b , and this node is the preset voltage V _REF . Port 2 of the resistor R _b is connected to the power supply output terminal COM. The resistor R _a and the resistor R _b form a voltage divider relationship, and the voltage value of the node V _REF is V _CC ×R _a ÷ (R _a +R _b ). The port 2 of the resistor _R1 is connected to the port ₁ of the switch k1, and the port 1 of the resistor R _a , the port 1 of the resistor _R1 , the port 1 of the resistor _R2 , and the port 1 of the resistor _Rn are connected; Port ₂ of resistor R 2 is connected to port 1 of switch k ₂ , port 2 of resistor R _n is connected to port 1 of switch k _n , port 2 of said resistor R _a is connected to port 2 of switch k ₁ , port _{2 of switch k 2} 2. The switch k _n is connected to port 2; the switch k _n is controlled by a control signal output from a comparator or a processor. When the switch k ₁ changes from open to closed, the voltage value of the node V _REF is V _CC ×(R _a //R ₁ )÷((R _a //R ₁ )+R _b ). The R _a //R ₁ is the resistance value after R _a and R ₁ are connected in parallel. Since R _a //R ₁ <R _a , so

V _CC ×R _a ÷(R _a +R _b )＞V _CC ×(R _a //R ₁ )÷((R _a //R ₁ )+R _b ), so V _REF increases after switch k ₁ is closed , that is, the preset voltage increases. After the preset voltage is increased, the magnitude of the corona current input by the comparison circuit must reach a new higher magnitude before the comparator can output the control signal. Similarly, when the switch k ₁ changes from closed to open, the preset voltage will decrease, causing the amplitude of the corona current input by the comparator to reach a new lower amplitude, and the comparator can output a control signal. It is not difficult to infer that as the switch k ₂ turns from open to closed until k _n , the preset voltage will increase continuously. Switch k ₂ until k _n changes from closed to open, and the preset voltage will decrease continuously. When the resistors R _n are all equal, the more the number of switch stages, the smaller the range of change, and the higher the control accuracy. When the resistors R _n are not equal, the effect of controlled amplitude change rate can again be produced. The switch k _n (n is a natural number) includes a relay contact, an optocoupler, a thyristor, and a field effect transistor.

It is not difficult to imagine that capacitors are connected in parallel to both ends of resistors R _a , R _b , and R _n , and the circuit will change from a resistive circuit structure to a resistive-capacitive circuit structure, which is suitable for non-pure DC voltage division occasions.

A circuit that controls the action of a switch k _n (n is a natural number). The corona current signal is respectively sent to one comparison input terminal of comparator chip n (n is a natural number), and the other comparison input terminal of comparator chip n (n is a natural number) is connected to the corresponding reference voltage n (n is a natural number). The voltage n (n is a natural number) is different from each other. When the magnitude of the corona current signal reaches the magnitude of the reference voltage n (n is a natural number), the corresponding comparator chip n outputs a control signal of kn. It is not difficult to imagine that the corona current signal is sent to the processor after AD conversion. The processor presets a plurality of preset data, and can also output a control signal outputting kn.

As shown in FIG. 17 , FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a corona current test probe according to an embodiment of the present invention. Existing problems: The atmospheric electric field test probe uses the principle that a conductor generates an induced charge in an electric field. The probe has two sets of metal sheets, one of which is fixed to induce charge; the other is not fixed and needs to be rotated so that the fixed metal sheets are alternately exposed to the external electric field. The moving piece needs to maintain a certain rotation speed, and the motor that provides power needs to consume electric energy continuously. The field mill construction makes this device power in watts. In most cases, such probes are used in environments with power distribution. When applied on a moving vehicle, energy consumption determines the operating time of the device. The capacity of the storage battery is about a few amp hours, which cannot maintain the motor for a long time. If a battery with a super large capacity or wind energy or light energy is used, the volume and cost will be greatly increased. The signal detection device needs to adopt some more optimal or compromise methods to reduce its energy consumption and improve its practicability. Combined with the principle of electric field testing, a corona current detection device is designed, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the detection device.

solution:

The gas discharge tube port 1 is connected to the resistor R1 port 1, the gas discharge tube port 2 is connected to the resistor R2 port 1; the resistor R1 port 2 is connected to the inductor L1 port 1, and the inductor L1 port 2 is connected to port 1 of the gas discharge tube V2, port 2 of the resistor R2 is connected to port 1 of the inductor L2, and port 2 of the inductor L2 is connected to port 2 of the gas discharge tube V2. Port 1 of resistor R3 is connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V2, port 2 of resistor R3 is connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V2; diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 form a bridge rectifier circuit. The common connection ends of diodes D1 and D4 are connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V2, the common connection ends of diodes D2 and D3 are connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V2, and the common connection ends of diodes D1 and D3 are connected to the port of inductor L3 1 connection, the common connection end of diodes D2 and D4 is connected to port 1 of inductor L4; port 2 of inductor L3 is connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V3, and port 2 of inductor L4 is connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V3 Connection, port 1 of gas discharge tube V3 is connected to port 1 of resistor R4, port 2 of gas discharge tube V3 is connected to port 1 of resistor R5; port 2 of resistor R4 is connected to port 1 of resistor R6, resistor Port 2 of resistor R5 is connected to port 2 of resistor R6, port 1 of transient diode VD1 is connected to port 1 of resistor R6, port 1 of capacitor C1, and input port 1 of the control processing module, port 2 of transient diode VD1 is connected to the resistor The port 2 of the device R6, the port 2 of the capacitor C1, and the input port 2 of the control processing module are connected.

In Figure 17, the gas discharge tube V1 is a protection module. When there is no lightning current flowing, it must maintain a high resistance state, and when there is a lightning current flowing, it must maintain a low resistance state. The gas discharge tube V1 must withstand a lightning current of 8/20μs or more than 100kA . The gas discharge tube V1 usually uses a gas discharge tube with a starting voltage of 800V. The lightning current refers to the current generated when the thundercloud breaks through the air and discharges the object, and the amplitude is greater than several hundred amperes. The gas discharge tube V1 ensures that the corona current is not shunted when there is no lightning current, and clamps the voltage of the sampling module circuit when there is lightning current. In the figure, resistors R1-R6, inductors L1-L4, diodes D1-D4, gas discharge tubes V2-V3, transient diode VD1, and capacitor C1 form a sampling module circuit. Resistors R1-R3 form a voltage divider relationship, which is the first stage of voltage division. Resistors R4-R6 form a voltage divider relationship, which is the second stage of voltage division. Gas discharge tubes V2 and V3, and transient diode VD1 are used to clamp the voltage of the line. Diodes D1-D4 form a bridge rectifier circuit, which rectifies the positive or negative voltage at the input terminal into a single-polarity positive voltage. Capacitor C1 filters. When the lightning energy is transmitted along the down conductor, flows into the port 1 of the resistor R1 of the sampling module circuit, and flows out through the port 1 of the resistor R2 of the sampling module circuit, the resistor of the sampling module circuit converts the corona current into a voltage signal, After two-stage voltage division, the voltage amplitude is attenuated and then output to the control processing module for processing. Since the corona current has a correlation with the intensity of the atmospheric electric field, and the intensity of the atmospheric electric field is an important parameter for judging the danger of thunderclouds breaking through the air and discharging to ground objects, it can be used as an early warning according to the magnitude of the corona current of a specific probe. parameter. In this way, since there is no motor, the power consumption is greatly reduced and the impact of vibration is reduced.

As shown in Fig. 18 and Fig. 19, Fig. 18 shows a schematic diagram of a processor control flow according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 19 shows a schematic diagram of a processor control flow according to another embodiment of the present invention, S1, The processor reads the average data in the latest space size and the preset environmental parameter threshold. The average data in the space size refers to the average value of the environmental parameters in a space. The environmental parameters refer to the atmospheric electric field strength value, corona current value, Electrostatic voltage value. The preset environmental parameter threshold refers to the environmental parameter threshold stored in the memory after encoding;

S2, judging whether the average value is greater than the preset value, if it is greater, it means that the external environment parameter is higher than the preset value, it needs to be grounded, and go to S5; if not, go to S3;

S3, when the external environment parameter is not greater than the preset value, it means that the external dangerous quantity has not increased, and it is necessary to judge the stability of this state, so it is judged whether the state time is greater than the preset value. The time preset value refers to the pre-set time for the stability of the state. When this time is exceeded, go to S4. If it is not exceeded, go to S1 and read the value again;

S4. Restoring the threshold of the environmental parameter is to restore the threshold of the environmental parameter to the initial state when it is considered that the state is stable and the external dangerous quantity does not increase.

S5, when the external environment parameter is higher than the preset value, grounding is required, and the grounding control signal is output to control the action of the flexible channel establishment unit;

S6, after the control signal is output, re-read the average data in the latest space size;

S7, whether the latest average value is greater than or equal to the previous historical average value, and determine whether the charge has been discharged after grounding, resulting in a decrease in the external environment parameter value. Not greater than, go to S8, greater than go to S9;

S8, if the new environmental parameter value decreases after grounding, stop outputting the grounding control signal;

S9, if the value of the new environmental parameter does not decrease after grounding, determine whether the adjusted preset threshold exceeds the upper limit, and if it exceeds the upper limit, no adjustment is performed;

S10, the preset threshold value does not exceed the upper limit, and the preset value plus A is stored in the memory;

S11, carry out AD conversion on the probe signal, input it into the processor, and store the data in the memory;

S12, judging whether the number of probes exceeds the range, and if the number of probes is not exceeded, read the signals of each probe one by one;

S13, read in segments, judge whether the reading time exceeds the range, and stop reading if the time exceeds the time;

S14, first calculate the average value of the data per unit time of a single probe, and store the data in the memory;

S15, then divide the average value of a single probe by the number of probes to obtain the average value of multiple probes, and store the data in the memory;

S16, read the data of the space size where the probe is located, calculate the average value in the space size, and store the data in the memory.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.

References in this specification to "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment", etc. refer to the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment included in the general description of this application. In at least one embodiment of . The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in combination with any embodiment, it should be claimed that realizing such feature, structure or characteristic in combination with other embodiments also falls within the scope of the present invention.

Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art which will fall within the scope of this application. within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed. More specifically, within the scope of the disclosure and claims of the present application, various modifications and improvements can be made to the components and/or layout of the subject combination layout. In addition to modifications and improvements in component parts and/or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. A flexible grounding device, characterized in that it is a laser generating device, a flame generating device, a plasma generating device, an arc generating device, a high frequency High-voltage electric wave generating device, conductive gas generating device or conductive gas-liquid mixture generating device. 2. A flexible grounding system, characterized in that it comprises: The signal acquisition control unit is used to collect lightning physical quantities or electrostatic physical quantities or receive early warning signals, generate control signals for controlling the actions of the flexible channel establishment units, output control signals to the flexible channel establishment units, and control the actions of the flexible channel establishment units; A flexible channel establishment unit, the flexible channel establishment unit acts according to the requirements of the control signal after receiving the control signal from the signal acquisition control unit, and is used to make the grounding device described in claim 2 generate laser, flame, plasma, arc , high-frequency high-voltage radio waves, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture, and establish a charge discharge channel in space or to the ground. 3. The flexible grounding system according to claim 2, characterized in that the signal acquisition control unit comprises: The signal detection and receiving module is used to detect the surrounding environment, physical quantities on objects or receive radio signals, and convert them into voltage signals or digital signals and send them to the control processing module; The control processing module is used to de-interference process the voltage signal or digital signal, and transmit the processed signal to the flexible channel establishment unit; The ground signal generation control module is used to receive the signal transmitted by the control processing module, and compare the signal with the voltage or code preset in the flexible channel establishment unit to determine whether to generate the signal described in claim 2. The flexible grounding device generates laser, flame, plasma, arc, high-frequency high-voltage electric wave, conductive gas or conductive gas-liquid mixture to establish the grounding control signal of the charge discharge channel in space or to the ground. 4. The flexible grounding system according to claim 3, characterized in that the signal detection and receiving module of the signal acquisition control unit is a type selected from lightning rods, atmospheric electric field testers, early warning signal receivers, antennas, electromagnetic field test probes , Corona current test probe, electrostatic voltage test probe, electrostatic charge test probe or GPRS transceiver or wireless communication module. 5. The flexible grounding system according to claim 4, wherein the probe comprises a protection module and a sampling module, and the protection module is connected in series with the sampling module in parallel; the protection module is a type selected from an air gap , multi-layer gap, gas discharge tube, piezoresistor, transient suppression diode, resistor, capacitor, inductor or a combination thereof, the sampling module is one selected from resistors, capacitors or inductors. 6. The flexible grounding system according to claim 5, wherein the protection module is connected in series with the lightning receptor, and the lightning receptor is a type selected from a Franklin-type lightning rod, an optimized lightning rod, a bipolar lightning rod, Flash shield type lightning rod, ESE early discharge type lightning rod and bipolar optimized lightning rod. 7. The flexible grounding system according to claim 3, wherein the control processing module of the signal acquisition control unit is a comparison circuit or a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the comparison circuit is a comparison input terminal of a comparator chip and a preset The voltage signal generation circuit is coupled, and another comparison input terminal of the comparator chip is coupled with the control processing module; the single-chip microcomputer circuit includes an AD conversion chip and a single-chip microcomputer chip, and the input terminal of the AD conversion chip is coupled with the control processing module. The output end of the conversion chip is coupled with the input end of the single-chip microcomputer chip. 8. A corona current test probe is characterized in that it is used in the flexible grounding system of claim 4, and the corona current test probe comprises a gas discharge tube port 1, a connection between the gas discharge tube port 1 and the resistor R1 port 1 connection, the port 2 of the gas discharge tube is connected to the port 1 of the resistor R2; the port 2 of the resistor R1 is connected to the port 1 of the inductor L1, and the port 2 of the inductor L1 is connected to the port 1 of the gas discharge tube V2, so The port 2 of the resistor R2 is connected to the port 1 of the inductor L2, and the port 2 of the inductor L2 is connected to the port 2 of the gas discharge tube V2; the port 1 of the resistor R3 is connected to the port 1 of the gas discharge tube V2, and the resistor Port 2 of device R3 is connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V2; diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 form a bridge rectifier circuit; the common connection end of diodes D1 and D4 is connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V2, and diodes D2 and D3 The common connection end of the diode D1, D3 is connected to the port 1 of the inductor L3, the common connection end of the diode D2, D4 is connected to the port 1 of the inductor L4; the inductor Port 2 of L3 is connected to port 1 of gas discharge tube V3, port 2 of inductor L4 is connected to port 2 of gas discharge tube V3, port 1 of gas discharge tube V3 is connected to port 1 of resistor R4, gas discharge tube V3 The port 2 of the resistor R5 is connected to the port 1 of the resistor R5; the port 2 of the resistor R4 is connected to the port 1 of the resistor R6, the port 2 of the resistor R5 is connected to the port 2 of the resistor R6, and the transient diode VD1 port 1 is connected to the resistor Port 1 of resistor R6, port 1 of capacitor C1, and input port 1 of the control processing module are connected, and port 2 of transient diode VD1 is connected with port 2 of resistor R6, port 2 of capacitor C1, and input port 2 of the control processing module.