CN204326027U - A hydraulic drive hoist hoist - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hoist hoist driven by hydraulic pressure, which comprises a frame, a reel, a steering pulley block, a balance pulley block, a steel wire rope, a rigging collar, a hydraulic system, an electrical control system, etc.; the hydraulic system uses a hydraulic brake The hydraulic motor, hydraulic motor, reel, and safety brake are all installed on the frame; one end of the reel is installed with a hydraulic motor connected to it, and the other end is installed with a safety brake connected to it. One end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the frame through a rigging ring, and the other end is wound around the steering pulley block, the balance pulley block, the reel, and finally connected to the drum through a rigging ring. When stopping or losing power, the two ends of the reel can be braked at the same time, and will not be distorted by the load inertia moment, making the braking more stable and effective; the overflow valve sets the system pressure, and there will be no overload driving force , to ensure that there will be no wire rope breakage and gate jamming; the compact structure simplifies civil engineering.

Description

A hydraulic drive hoist hoist

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of hoists in the water conservancy and hydropower industry, in particular to a hydraulically driven winch type hoist.

Background technique

At present, in the water conservancy and hydropower industry, the hoist hoist has been widely used. This hoist hoist directly drives the reducer, open gear pair, reel, and wire rope to lift or close the water conservancy and hydropower project. The gate in the middle; this kind of hoist hoist with pure mechanical transmission is a technology introduced from the former Soviet Union in the 1950s, and the domestic design and manufacture is still used today.

Of course, hoist hoist technology has been continuously perfected, advanced and developed for decades. The current hoist hoist has made great progress in terms of material application, mechanism improvement, safety guarantee and automatic control means. Even so, there are still some technical deficiencies in the hoist hoist in active service, which need to be optimized and improved. It is mainly prominent in the following aspects:

The transmission basis of the hoist hoist is gear transmission. The closed gear transmission in the reducer and the open gear transmission pair connected with the reel constitute the rigid transmission chain of the entire mechanical transmission. In the traditional hoist hoist, a pad brake is set between the motor and the high-speed stage of the reducer to ensure the braking safety of the hoisting equipment. However, the entire gear transmission chain is outside the protection of the brakes. Once a stage of gear fatigue fracture occurs, the gate will fall uncontrollably, resulting in serious consequences.

The limit stroke control of the traditional hoist hoist in the process of lifting and lowering is only guaranteed by mechanical travel switches or master controllers (later, redundant digital travel sensors are added), and the transmission system itself has no over-limit travel. Security features. When the travel switch (or sensor) fails, the motor cannot stop automatically, and the reel runs beyond the limit stroke, which may easily cause the wire rope to twist in reverse or the gate to be stuck at the upper limit, the wire rope will be damaged or broken, and major safety accidents will occur. Especially when the hoist is controlled remotely or automatically, it is the most worrying.

In recent years, some projects have installed end brakes at the end of the drum to ensure safety; however, due to the limited selection of end brakes by parameters and structures, the overall size of the hoist often increases significantly, which makes civil engineering layout more troublesome. , the amount of engineering has increased significantly, and the scale of investment in equipment and infrastructure has increased significantly.

In short, the existing hoist hoist has the following problems: after the rigid gear transmission chain is damaged, the gate cannot be protected by the brake; The steel wire rope is damaged or broken; and the shape and structure are huge, and the amount of civil engineering is large.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a hydraulically driven hoist hoist to solve the problem of the existing hoist hoist: when the rigid gear transmission chain is damaged, the gate cannot be braked. Protection; the reel is easy to run beyond the limit stroke, causing the steel wire rope to be twisted in reverse or the gate is stuck to the upper limit, and the steel wire rope is damaged or broken; and the problem of huge external structure and large amount of civil engineering.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: a hydraulically driven hoist hoist, including a frame, a reel, a steering pulley block, a balance pulley block, a steel wire rope, a rigging collar, a hydraulic system, and an electrical control system; the reel Installed on the frame; one end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the frame through a rigging ring, and the other end is sequentially wound around the steering pulley block, the balance pulley block, wrapped around the reel, and finally fixedly connected to the frame through a rigging ring on the reel; wherein, the hydraulic system includes an electric motor, an oil pump, a hydraulic valve group, a hydraulic motor, and an oil filter, an air filter, an oil tank, a pressure gauge, a liquid level gauge, etc.; the electrical control system controls the Hydraulic system; the hydraulic motor is installed on the frame and is power-connected with one end of the reel.

The hydraulic motor includes a hydraulic brake.

The hydraulic valve group includes a one-way throttle valve, a balance valve, a shuttle valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a one-way valve, an overflow valve and a pressure gauge.

The oil port B of the one-way throttle valve is connected to the hydraulic brake oil port oil circuit of the hydraulic motor, and the oil port A of the one-way throttle valve is connected to the oil outlet oil circuit of the shuttle valve . The oil port A of the balance valve is connected to the oil port A of the hydraulic motor, and the oil port B of the balance valve is connected to the oil inlet P1 of the shuttle valve and the oil port of the electromagnetic reversing valve. The control oil port of the balance valve is connected to the oil port B of the hydraulic motor, the oil inlet P2 of the shuttle valve, and the oil port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve; The oil inlet of the one-way valve is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump, the oil outlet of the pressure gauge, and the oil outlet P of the relief valve, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump. The oil port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil circuit. The oil port T of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil return port of the oil tank. The oil port T of the overflow valve is connected with the oil return port of the oil tank.

It also includes a safety brake, which is installed on the frame; the safety brake is a self-made wedge type disc brake with a load, which has a brake disc, and the brake disc is power-connected with the other end of the reel.

Because a kind of hydraulically driven winch type hoist described in the utility model, except winch mechanism (drum, diverting pulley block, balance pulley block, steel wire rope etc.) belongs to mechanical transmission, drive system adopts hydraulic drive completely. The hydraulic transmission is a flexible transmission. There is no problem that the gate cannot be protected by the brake after the rigid gear transmission chain is damaged during the operation of the hoist; and because the overflow valve pre-sets the system pressure, when the travel switch ( or sensor) failure, the motor cannot stop automatically, and when the reel runs beyond the limit stroke, the resistance will increase rapidly when the wire rope is twisted in reverse or the gate is stuck at the upper limit, that is, a larger driving torque is required to drive the reel The cylinder, and the hydraulic motor cannot provide a larger driving torque due to the pressure limitation of the system, so as to protect the wire rope from being damaged or broken; the gate will not be stuck.

Also, because the balance valve and its control oil circuit selected by the hydraulic control system are organically combined with the electromagnetic reversing valve and its Y-shaped function in the middle position, a hydraulic motor with a hydraulic brake is selected. Even if the hydraulic power system fails or the pipeline breaks, the hydraulic motor It can also self-brake; in case the self-protection of the hydraulic motor fails, a safety brake developed with it is also installed at the other end of the reel; One end is dynamically connected to the brake disc of the safety brake, so that both ends of the reel can be effectively braked at the same time, and the reel will not be distorted by the moment of inertia of the load, so that the brake is more stable and effective.

In addition, in the hydraulic system, electrical control components such as hydraulic motors, valve groups, oil tanks, and electric motors can be set separately from a long distance, making the operation more flexible and convenient; without the gear reducer, unnecessary weight is reduced, and the bulky structure No, it makes the structure more compact, and also simplifies the corresponding civil works, reducing the amount of civil works.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a hydraulic system diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the safety brake, reel, oil motor, synchronous gear, travel switch c and travel switch d of the utility model.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the utility model, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to 5, the preferred embodiment of the utility model is further described:

In the figure, 1 is a wire rope, 2 is an oil tank, 3 is an oil filter, 4 is an oil pump, 5 is a safety brake, 6 is an electric motor, 7 is a hydraulic valve group, 8 is a hydraulic motor, 9 is a leakage oil pipe, and 10 is an oil delivery pipe a , 11 is the oil pipeline b, 12 is the frame, 13 is oil, 14 is the balance pulley block, 15 is the steering pulley block, 16 is the sensor, 17 is the toothed synchronous belt, 18 is the reel, 19 is the synchronous wheel, 20 is the support Seat, 21 is the rigging collar, 22 is the fuel tank panel, 23 is the side plate of the fuel tank, 51 is the brake disc of the safety brake 5, 52 is the electromagnet e of the safety brake 5, 71 is the pressure gauge, and 72 is the electromagnetic reversing Valve, 73 is a shuttle valve, 74 is a one-way throttle valve, 75 is a balance valve, 76 is a one-way valve, 77 is a relief valve, 78 is a liquid level gauge, 79 is an air filter, 81 is a hydraulic motor8 151 is a travel switch c, and 152 is a travel switch d.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 show that a hydraulically driven hoist hoist described in this preferred embodiment, the reel 18 is arranged on the frame 12 through the support 20 . The steering pulley block 15 is located beside one end side of the reel 18 and is arranged on the frame 12 . The balance pulley block 14 is located above the gate and below the frame 12 . One end of the steel wire rope 1 is fixedly connected to the frame 12 through a rigging collar 21, and the other end is wound around the steering pulley block 15 and the balance pulley block 14 in turn, and then wound around the reel 18, and finally fixedly connected to the frame 12 through a rigging collar 21. on reel 18. The hydraulic system includes an electric motor 6, an oil pump 4, a hydraulic valve group 7, a hydraulic motor 8, an oil tank 2, an oil filter 3, a pressure gauge 71, a liquid level gauge 78, and an air filter 79; wherein the hydraulic valve group 7 is an integrated The oil block type is installed on the panel 22 of the oil tank 2 and is located in the middle. The pressure gauge 71 is installed above the hydraulic valve group 7 . Fuel tank 2 is installed on the frame 12, and motor 6 is installed on the top of the panel 22 of fuel tank 2, is positioned at its left; The motor 6 is power connected; the oil filter 3 is immersed in the oil in the oil tank 2, and its oil outlet communicates with the oil inlet of the oil pump 4. The liquid level gauge 78 is installed on the side plate 23 of the fuel tank 2; the air filter 79 is installed on the panel 22 of the fuel tank 2, on the right side thereof.

The hydraulic motor 8 includes a hydraulic brake 81; the hydraulic motor 8 is installed on the frame 12, is positioned at one end of the reel 18 and is connected with its power; the safety brake 5 is installed on the frame 12, and the safety brake 5 is a self-made wedge type The point disc brake has a brake disc 51, the brake disc 51 is located at the other end of the reel 18 and is connected with its power.

An electrical control system (prior art, not shown) controls the hydraulic system.

In Fig. 4, the working principle of the hydraulic system of the present utility model is shown. The hydraulic valve group 7 includes an electromagnetic reversing valve 72 , a shuttle valve 73 , a one-way throttle valve 74 , a balance valve 75 , a one-way valve 76 and an overflow valve 77 . Wherein, the oil port B of the one-way throttle valve 74 is connected to the oil port oil passage of the hydraulic brake 81 of the hydraulic motor 8, and the oil port A of the one-way throttle valve 74 is connected to the oil outlet A of the shuttle valve 73. road connection. The oil port A of the balance valve 75 is connected to the oil port A of the hydraulic motor 8; the oil port B of the balance valve 75 is connected to the oil inlet P1 of the shuttle valve 73, and the oil port B of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 Connection: The balance valve 75 controls the oil port K to be connected to the oil port B of the hydraulic motor 8, the oil inlet P2 of the shuttle valve 73, and the oil port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72. The oil inlet of the check valve 76 is connected with the oil outlet of the oil pump 4, the oil outlet of the pressure gauge 71, and the oil outlet P of the overflow valve 77, and the oil outlet of the check valve 76 is connected with the electromagnetic reversing valve. The oil port P of 72 is connected to the oil circuit. The oil port T of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 is connected with the oil return port of the oil tank 2 . The oil port T of the relief valve 77 is connected with the oil return port of the oil tank 2 .

Fig. 5 has shown the safety brake 5 of the present utility model and reel 18, oil motor 8, synchronous gear 19 and travel switch c151 and travel switch d152 arrange schematic diagram.

Referring to Figures 1, 3, and 5, two synchronous wheels 19, one is power-connected with the reel 18, and the other is power-connected with the sensor 16; the synchronous belt 17 meshes with the two synchronous wheels 19 to form a synchronous transmission combination; the travel switch c151 1. The travel switch d152 is respectively arranged at two different positions on the sensor 16, and is controlled by the synchronous wheel 19 arranged on it, which is converted into an electrical control signal to control the two limit positions of the gate rising or falling respectively.

According to the hydraulic system diagram and the actual requirements of the gate, draw up the electric action procedure of its related components as follows:

action name motor v m no c d e Remark oil pump start + + - - - - - v Delayed disconnection pressure adjustment + - - - - - - open the gate + - + - + - + c control upper limit shutdown close the gate + - - + - + + d lower control limit shutdown

Note: In the above table, +——means energized, -——means no electricity; V—electromagnet of relief valve 77, m—electromagnet of electromagnetic reversing valve 72, n——electromagnetic reversing valve 72 c——the electromagnet of travel switch c151, d——the electromagnet of travel switch d152.

Now the action program described in the above table is described as follows:

Start the oil pump 4: press the start button, the motor 6 is powered to start running and drives the oil pump 4 to rotate, the oil stored in the oil tank 2 is sucked into the oil pump 4 through the oil filter 3, and the oil output from the outlet of the oil pump 4 There is a certain pressure; v is energized at the same time, and then disconnected and de-energized with a delay, so that the overflow valve 77 is initially in a low-pressure state, so as to reduce the load of the oil pump 4 when starting.

Pressure adjustment: The motor 6 is energized to keep running. After the oil pump 4 outputs oil, slowly turn the adjustment handle of the relief valve 77, watch the pressure value indicated by the pointer of the pressure gauge 71, and slowly and gradually adjust to the set value pressure value to run.

During daily work, firstly after starting the oil pump 4, run for several minutes, and then proceed to the next step after the pressure gauge 71 shows that the pressure is stable.

Open the gate: the travel switch c151 is energized and closed, so that the motor 6 is energized to keep running, and the electromagnet e52 is energized, and its safety brake releases its brake, so that the reel can rotate flexibly. When the hydraulic system normally outputs pressure oil, the electromagnet m of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 is energized, and the pressure oil output by the oil pump 4 flows through the check valve 76 and the oil port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 to the oil passage. port B; all the way the pressure oil flows through the oil port B of the balance valve 75 to the oil port A through its one-way channel, and enters the oil port A of the hydraulic motor 8, driving the hydraulic motor 8 to rotate counterclockwise; at the same time, the other One way of pressure oil flows through the oil port P1 of the shuttle valve 73 to the oil outlet A, the oil port A of the one-way throttle valve 74, the throttle channel to the oil port B, and enters the hydraulic brake 81 of the hydraulic motor 8. Thereby unclamp its brake, make the hydraulic motor 8 rotate unimpeded. The return oil flows from the oil port B of the hydraulic motor 8 through the oil port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 to the oil port T, and returns to the oil tank 2 . The reel 18 rotates counterclockwise with the hydraulic motor 8, the steel wire rope 1 wound on the reel 18 is gradually wound, and the gate rises gradually; when the gate rises to the set upper limit position, the travel switch c151 is disconnected, so that the motor 6 Power failure, shutdown.

Close the gate: the travel switch d152 is energized and closed, so that the motor 6 is energized to keep running, and the electromagnet e52 is energized, and its safety brake releases its brake, so that the reel can rotate flexibly. When the hydraulic system is normally outputting pressure oil, the electromagnet n of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 is energized, and the pressure oil output by the oil pump flows through the check valve 76 and the oil port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve to the oil port A. ; One way of pressure oil flows directly into oil port B of hydraulic motor 8, driving hydraulic motor 8 to rotate clockwise; at the same time, another way of pressure oil flows through oil port P2 of shuttle valve 72 to oil outlet A, one-way throttling The oil port A of the valve 74 passes through its throttling channel to the oil port B and enters the hydraulic brake 81 of the hydraulic motor 8, thereby releasing the brake and making the hydraulic motor 8 rotate without hindrance; there is another way of pressure oil through Enter the control oil port K of the balance valve 75, push the pressure reducing valve core of the balance valve 75, and communicate with its oil port A and oil port B, so that the hydraulic motor 8 has an oil return channel; the oil return is from the oil port of the hydraulic motor 8 A flows through the oil port A of the balance valve 75 to the oil port B through its decompression channel, and then from the oil port B of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 to the oil port T, and returns to the fuel tank. The reel 18 rotates clockwise with the hydraulic motor 8, the steel wire rope 1 wound on the reel 18 is peeled off gradually, and the gate is gradually lowered. Electricity, shut down.

Mid-way stop and power-off protection: The gate stops at any position during the lifting or lowering process, or suddenly loses power during the lifting or lowering process, the two are equivalent, and both are designed with automatic protection. When the power is suddenly lost, the motor 6 stops running, the oil pump 4 stops supplying pressure oil, and the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 returns to the neutral position. At this time, the oil ports A, B, and T of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72 are connected together and connected with The oil return line of the oil tank 2 is directly connected (as shown in the figure); the oil port B of the hydraulic motor 8, the control oil port K of the balance valve 75, and the oil ports P2 and P1 of the shuttle valve 73 are all connected to the oil return line of the oil tank 2 connected. At this time, the hydraulic brake 81 of the hydraulic motor 8 pushes its oil cylinder to return oil under the action of its spring force, and its return oil flows through the oil port B of the one-way throttle valve 74, and then to the oil port through its one-way passage. A, and then flow through the oil port A of the shuttle valve 73 to the oil port P2 or P1, the oil port A or B of the electromagnetic reversing valve 72, and the oil port T to return to the oil tank 2; then the brake 81 of the hydraulic motor 8 Release its holding brake and the rotating shaft of hydraulic motor 8 is embraced, realizes braking. On the other hand, the control oil port K of the balance valve 75 is connected to the oil return of the oil tank 2, and its pressure is zero. Through the connection channel of oil port B, the hydraulic motor 8 cannot rotate under the action of gravity; in addition, the electromagnet e52 is de-energized. Its brake disc 51 realizes braking, thereby makes the other end of reel 18 obtain braking. Because one end of the reel 18 is power-connected with the hydraulic motor 8 and the other end is power-connected with the brake disc 51 of the safety brake 5, both ends of the reel 8 are effectively braked at the same time, and the reel 18 will not be subject to load. The distortion of the moment of inertia makes the braking smoother and more effective.

The electrical control system is a prior art, and is not the patent category of this application.

A hydraulically driven hoist hoist of the utility model is an electromechanical integration technology, which can be well and effectively applied to PLC programming control, and realize joint control automation with the unit. As for how to apply the PLC programming control to the embodiment of the utility model and realize joint control automation with the unit, this is the existing technology in the field of electrical control, and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that: this embodiment is only used to illustrate the utility model without limitation, although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to this preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that without departing from the spirit of the utility model Modifications or equivalent replacements of the utility model under the premise of the scope and range, such as in addition to adapting to the gate, other lifting and lowering systems with similar functions are also applicable. All should be included in the scope of claims of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A hydraulically driven hoist hoist, comprising a frame, a reel, a steering pulley block, a balance pulley block, a steel wire rope, a sling collar, a hydraulic system, an electrical control system; the reel is installed on the frame; One end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the frame through a rigging ring, and the other end is wound around the steering pulley block, the balance pulley block, the reel, and finally connected to the reel through a rigging ring; its characteristics The hydraulic system includes an electric motor, an oil pump, a hydraulic valve group, a hydraulic motor, and an oil filter, an air filter, an oil tank, a pressure gauge, and a liquid level gauge; the electrical control system controls the hydraulic system; the hydraulic pressure The motor is mounted on the frame and is power-connected with one end of the reel. 2. A hydraulic drive hoist hoist according to claim 1, wherein said hydraulic motor comprises a hydraulic brake. 3. A hydraulically driven hoist hoist according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic valve group includes a one-way throttle valve, a balance valve, a shuttle valve, and an electromagnetic reversing valve , a check valve, a relief valve and a pressure gauge. 4. A hydraulic drive hoist hoist according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil port B of the one-way throttle valve is connected to the hydraulic brake oil port oil circuit of the hydraulic motor, and the oil port A of the one-way throttle valve is connected to the oil outlet oil circuit of the shuttle valve ; The oil port A of the balance valve is connected to the oil port A of the hydraulic motor, and the oil port B of the balance valve is connected to the oil inlet P1 of the shuttle valve and the oil port of the electromagnetic reversing valve. Port B is connected to the oil circuit, and the balance valve control oil port is connected to the oil port B of the hydraulic motor, the oil inlet P2 of the shuttle valve, and the oil port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve; The oil inlet of the one-way valve is connected with the oil outlet of the oil pump, the oil outlet of the pressure gauge, and the oil outlet P of the relief valve, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve is connected with the oil outlet of the oil pump. The oil port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil circuit; The oil port T of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil return port of the fuel tank; The oil port T of the overflow valve is connected with the oil return port of the oil tank. 5. A hydraulic drive winch hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a safety brake mounted on the frame; the safety brake is a self-made wedge type disc brake, It has a brake disc that is power connected to the other end of the drum.