CN204301555U - One utilizes industrial exhaust heat condensed water demist cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cooling tower for producing condensed water and defogging by using industrial waste heat. It consists of a tower body (120) and a packing material (101) arranged in the tower body, a water eliminator (102), a fan (118) and a water spray device (119), wherein an absorption refrigeration system is installed at the outlet of the tower body The condenser includes an evaporation chamber (107), an absorption chamber (106), a generation chamber (104), a condensation chamber (105), and a liquid distributor (116). The condenser uses industrial low-quality waste heat as a heat source to produce cooling capacity, and The hot and humid air (125) in the cooling tower is directly condensed through the wall surface (123) of the evaporation chamber (107), and the condensed water is collected simultaneously. The utility model solves the problems of utilization of low-quality waste heat in industrial production and recovery of industrial cooling evaporated water, and can also eliminate the "white mist" at the outlet of the cooling tower, realizing the integration of energy saving, water saving and environmental protection.

Description

A demisting cooling tower for condensed water production by using industrial waste heat

technical field

The utility model belongs to the fields of energy saving, emission reduction and industrial water saving, and relates to utilizing waste heat in industrial low-temperature heat sources for refrigeration, and the obtained cooling capacity is used for cooling the water vapor of the cooling tower water cycle, recovering the evaporated water of the cooling tower, and simultaneously Get good quality water.

Background technique

Water is a basic resource for human beings to survive, and the amount of water suitable for human drinking on the earth is less than 1% of the total amount of the earth. Worldwide, with population growth and economic development, the demand for fresh water resources continues to increase, while water quality continues to deteriorate. Water problems have increasingly become the main constraints on social and economic development. Therefore, water conservation and efficient use of water resources play an extremely important role in economic and social development.

Cooling towers are widely used in electric power, petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy and other industries, and are important devices for cooling circulating water. During the operation of the counter-flow wet cooling tower, it is always accompanied by evaporation loss, wind blowing loss and sewage loss. The huge water consumption of the traditional wet cooling tower does not meet the requirements of the long-term economic and social development of our country. With the increasingly tense water resources and rising water prices, while causing huge economic losses, evaporation losses will also form "white smoke" on the top of the tower, polluting the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is imminent to develop high-efficiency water-saving cooling towers. Invention patent CN02823434.0 is used to condense the effluent of the cooling tower. The gas-gas normal pressure heat exchanger is equipped with a dry heat exchanger. The tower wall is provided with an air inlet to pre-cool the circulating water through the air. This method is greatly affected by the season; the invention patent CN200610099573.X condenser and its heat exchange method uses a compressor to compress the refrigerant and then evaporates and refrigerates. Although this method has a good cooling effect, it uses a compressor while producing cooling capacity. High energy consumption, poor economy and energy saving.

At present, the principle of using waste heat refrigeration is a kind of absorption refrigeration, which is compensated by the consumption of low-grade heat energy, such as low-temperature flue gas, low-temperature steam or hot water above 75°C as the heat source, so the waste gas, waste heat, solar energy and low-temperature heat energy are used as heat sources. Utilization plays an important role. Compared with the compression chiller, the biggest advantage of the absorption chiller is to save electric energy, and in the situation of power shortage in many cities in our country, the environmental problems are becoming more and more severe, and the absorption refrigeration technology has received extensive attention.

At the same time, the natural situation of fresh water in our country is more severe. One potential major way to obtain drinking water today is through the desalination of seawater or other water sources. Commercial methods that have been developed such as CN200910070804.8 a forward osmosis seawater desalination concentrated brine treatment process and treatment system, CN201010525853.9 thermal power generation and distillation seawater desalination cogeneration method and equipment, CN200910067793.8 low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination system And its technological process etc., these method cost are all higher, and equipment is complicated. Therefore, there is a need for a simple, economical and environmentally friendly cooling tower to condense the water vapor inside it and at the same time obtain a high-quality water source.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an achievable condensed water defogging cooling tower using industrial waste heat, which is suitable for circulating cooling water systems, especially the water vapor recovery of large cooling tower groups, and realizes low water consumption and discharge, energy saving and environmental protection and low cost operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model takes the following technical solutions.

The utility model is a demisting cooling tower for condensed water produced by industrial waste heat, which is composed of a tower body and fillers arranged in the tower body, a water eliminator, a fan and a water spray device, wherein an absorber is arranged at the outlet of the tower body Type refrigeration condenser, the condenser includes an evaporation chamber, an absorption chamber, a generation chamber, a condensation chamber, and a liquid distributor; the cold energy is generated in the evaporation chamber and condenses the hot and humid air in the cooling tower through the outer wall. The liquid distributor is set on the upper part of the evaporation chamber, and the bottom of the evaporation chamber is provided with a liquid collection tank, which is connected to the return pipe. The generation chamber is connected with the waste heat heat source pipeline and the condensation chamber, and the condensation chamber is connected with the liquid distributor through the refrigerant main pipeline equipped with a throttle valve. The evaporation chamber and the absorption chamber are kept in a vacuum state, and the middle is connected through a liquid isolation device, and the absorption chamber is connected with the generation chamber, and a solution pump and a throttle valve are respectively arranged on the pipeline.

The evaporation chamber is equipped with a diversion channel, and the diversion channel sends the condensed water into the water collection tank. A diversion groove is arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation chamber. The liquid collecting tank of the evaporating chamber is funnel-shaped, and is connected with the spraying pipe through the return pipe, and the return pipe is provided with a refrigerant pump. The liquid distributor is made of evenly drilled steel pipe or steel plate groove.

Waste heat sources include low-temperature flue gas, hot water and low-pressure steam discharged from industries. When the waste heat source is industrial flue gas, it is necessary to carry out anti-wear and anti-corrosion treatment on the import and export pipes of the flue gas.

Several hot and humid air passages can be set in the evaporation chamber. An evaporating chamber and an absorbing chamber can also be a group, and multiple groups can be arranged side by side at the same time. The liquid distributors of each group are connected to the main refrigerant pipeline through pipes, and the liquid collection tanks of each evaporating chamber are connected. to the sprinkler pipe.

According to one aspect of the present utility model, a demister cooling tower is provided, which utilizes industrial waste heat to produce condensed water, including:

The tower body, the packing arranged in the tower body, the water eliminator, the fan, the water spray device, the absorption refrigeration condenser arranged at the outlet of the tower body,

Condenser includes:

evaporation chamber,

On the outer wall, the cold generated in the evaporation chamber condenses the hot and humid air in the cooling tower through the outer wall,

absorption chamber,

happening room,

condensation chamber,

Liquid distributor,

in

The generating chamber is connected with the waste heat source and the condensation chamber,

The condensing chamber is connected to the liquid distributor through the main refrigerant pipeline equipped with a throttle valve.

The liquid distributor is set on the upper part of the evaporation chamber,

The bottom of the evaporation chamber is provided with a liquid collection tank connected to the return pipe.

The utility model can make full use of waste heat in industrial production to drive the condenser for refrigeration, thereby realizing the cooling of the saturated humid air in the wet cooling tower and recovering the water vapor in the circulating cooling water system. The utility model has important significance for water saving of wet cooling towers in electric power and industrial production, and not only makes full use of waste heat to save energy and reduce costs, but also reduces water consumption and discharge. This is different from the method of condensing the air in other wet cooling towers. The industrial low-temperature waste heat is used for refrigeration, and the saturated humid air exchanges heat on the surface of the condenser to condense and recover the moisture in the humid air. The equipment of this scheme is easy to install and realizes High-efficiency, low-cost water recycling.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of a cooling tower utilizing industrial waste heat to produce condensed water demisting of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the liquid separation device between the evaporation chamber and the absorption chamber in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the condenser in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the condenser in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the condenser in the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a zoning diagram of a cooling tower in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the tube group in the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a preferred tube type in the utility model;

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of another preferred tube type in the utility model;

Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of another preferred tube type in the utility model;

Fig. 11 is a zoning diagram of a cooling tower in another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a divisional diagram of a cooling tower in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, it is a demister cooling tower utilizing industrial waste heat to produce condensed water, which includes a tower body (120) and packing (101) arranged in the tower body (120) , a water eliminator (102), a blower fan (118) and a water spray device (119), wherein an absorption refrigeration condenser is arranged at the outlet of the tower body. As shown in Figure 2, the condenser includes an evaporation chamber (107), an absorption chamber (106), a generation chamber (104), a condensation chamber (105), and a liquid distributor (116); And the hot and humid air (125) in the cooling tower is condensed through the wall surface (123). The generating chamber (104) is connected to the waste heat source (103) and the condensation chamber (105). The condensation chamber (105) is connected to the liquid distributor (116) through the main refrigerant pipeline equipped with a throttle valve (109). The liquid distributor ( 116) be arranged on the evaporation chamber (107) top, the evaporation chamber (107) bottom is provided with sump (110), connects backflow pipeline (114).Evaporation chamber (107) and absorption chamber (106) are all pressure vessels, to The vacuum degree is required to be high, and the unit can use auxiliary equipment (112) such as shielded pump, vacuum pump and vacuum space to ensure the vacuum degree of the evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106).

The working process of the cooling tower is:

As shown in Figure 1, in the condenser, the absorption refrigeration condenser uses water as the refrigerant and lithium bromide solution as the absorbent. Refrigerant vapor coming out of the evaporation chamber (107) enters the absorption chamber (106), is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in the chamber, and forms a lithium bromide dilute solution. The lithium bromide dilute solution in the absorption chamber (106) is transported in the generation chamber (104) by the solution pump (108), and in the generation chamber (104) utilizes the heat of the residual heat source to evaporate the refrigerant in the solution, and the evaporated refrigerant enters the The condensation chamber (105) is condensed into liquid by the cooling water, then expands to a low pressure through the throttle valve (109), and then goes to the evaporation chamber (107) to absorb the heat of the hot and humid air in the cooling tower, and returns to the initial state to complete the cycle. The lithium bromide concentrated solution in the generation chamber (104) returns to the absorption chamber (106) through the throttle valve (109), and is reused to absorb refrigerant.

The upper part of the liquid isolation device (117) between the evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106) adopts a single herringbone structure (as shown in Figure 2), when the refrigerant liquid evaporates in the evaporation chamber (107) to form refrigerant vapor, Enter the absorption chamber (106) through the herringbone channel on the upper part of the liquid isolation device (117), which can effectively block the liquid droplets and prevent the lithium bromide solution from being polluted by the refrigerant water. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid distributor (116) is made of uniformly drilled steel pipe or steel plate groove. The refrigerant working fluid flows through the inner space of the evaporation chamber (107) under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the hot and humid air (125) through the wall (123) of the evaporation chamber (107), and part of the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the hot and humid air (125) outside to evaporate , the non-evaporated refrigerant flows into the bottom liquid collection tank (110); returns to the spray pipe (115) through the return pipe (114), and the return pipe (114) is provided with a refrigerant pump (113).

The evaporation chamber (107) is additionally equipped with a diversion channel (113), and the diversion channel (113) sends the condensed water into the water collection tank (111). The water collection tank (111) is provided with components for purifying the collected condensed water; for example, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, the step of purifying the collected water can be completed by reverse osmosis.

Because the air velocity in the cooling tower is high and the hot and humid air (125) is corrosive, the outer surfaces of the evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106) need anti-wear and anti-corrosion treatment. The waste heat heat sources available in the generation chamber (104) are industrial low-quality smoke exhaust, industrial hot water discharged, and low-pressure steam from steam turbines. When the waste heat source (103) is industrial flue gas, it is necessary to carry out anti-wear and anti-corrosion treatment on the inlet and outlet pipes of the flue gas in the generation chamber (104), such as spraying anti-abrasive materials on the outer surface by supersonic arc welding.

An evaporation chamber (107) and an absorption chamber (106) form a group, and multiple groups are arranged side by side. Fig. 3 shows that according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the evaporation chambers are arranged side by side, and the liquid distributor (116) in each evaporation chamber (107) is connected to the refrigerant main pipeline through the spray pipe (115), and each evaporation chamber The liquid collecting tanks (110) of (107) are connected to each other, and then sent to the spraying pipeline (115) by the return pipeline (114). The refrigerant is sprayed onto the surface of each evaporating chamber through the liquid distributor (116), and exchanges heat with the hot and humid air (125) flowing outside the evaporating chamber (107). Also improved a lot.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are respectively the arrangement schemes for strengthening heat exchange of the evaporation chambers according to two other embodiments of the present invention. The speed of the channel is reduced to maximize the heat exchange capacity, but the pressure drop of the entire cooling tower system should also be considered to avoid the low flow rate of the hot and humid air (125), which will affect the cooling effect of the cooling tower.

Fig. 6 is the arrangement diagram of the condenser in the cooling tower, in this structural arrangement, the condenser (121) is arranged at the outlet of the cooling tower, and the thermal circulation cooling water sprayed by the water spraying device (119) is in the packing (101) The cold air (124) that enters through the air inlet at the lower part of the cooling tower cools down, and the temperature of the circulating cooling water decreases; the temperature of the cold air in the filler (101) increases, and the moisture content increases, forming hot and humid air (125) that is basically in a saturated state. ). After the hot and humid air (125) is condensed by the condenser (121) at the outlet of the cooling tower, it is discharged into the atmosphere by the fan (118).

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of the evaporation chamber according to the present utility model, wherein the arrangement of the tube type evaporation chamber is adopted, and the evaporation chamber is composed of a first header (131), a second header (132) and a tube group ( 134), the hot and humid air (125) sweeps across the tube group (134), the refrigerant first enters the first header (131), and then flows through the tube group (134) to exchange heat with the hot and humid air (125) outside the tube, after evaporation The refrigerant vapor enters the second header (132) and is absorbed by the absorption chamber (106) through the liquid isolation device (117), and the non-evaporated refrigerant flows into the liquid collection tank (110) and returns to the first Collection box (131), continues circulation. The arrangement of tube groups can be arranged in parallel or fork.

Figures 8, 9, and 10 are the tube types of three condenser tubes respectively used in three embodiments of the present invention; the condenser tubes are equipped with diversion grooves, which can collect the condensed water condensed on the tube wall and export.

Figure 11 shows the arrangement of the tube condenser (128) in the cooling tower to cool the hot and humid air (125) at the outlet of the cooling tower.

Fig. 12 shows the arrangement of the tube condenser (128) in the cooling tower according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the uphill part of the tube condenser (128) is inclined towards the blower fan (118), which This structure increases the heat exchange flow area of the condenser and enhances the condensation of hot and humid air (125). At the same time, the inclined arrangement of the heat exchanger is beneficial to the transportation and recovery of condensed water, and improves the efficiency of condensation and water collection.

The water consumption of the wet cooling tower is large, and evaporation is the main water loss. The air moisture content at the outlet of the cooling tower is very large, so it is of great significance to recover the moisture from the saturated humid air at the outlet of the cooling tower; Taking the cooling capacity to condense and recycle the hot and humid air in the cooling tower not only costs less, but also the operation of the whole system is very reliable and efficient. While saving costs, it can also eliminate the "white fog" of the cooling tower, which has a good energy saving effect Significance of saving water and protecting the environment.

While the design has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, on the premise of not departing from the basic idea of the design, many changes can be made according to the teaching of the utility model to suit special situations or materials. Therefore, it is intended that the design not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode for carrying out this design, but that the design should include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A demister cooling tower, which utilizes industrial waste heat to produce condensed water, comprising: The tower body (120), the packing (101, water eliminator (102), fan (118), water spray device (119) arranged in the tower body (120), the absorption type installed at the outlet of the tower body refrigeration condenser, Condenser includes: evaporation chamber (107), The outer wall surface (123), the cold generated in the evaporation chamber (107) condenses the hot and humid air (125) in the cooling tower through the outer wall surface (123), absorption chamber (106), occurrence chamber (104), condensation chamber (105), Liquid distributor (116); in The generating chamber (104) is connected with the waste heat heat source (103) and the condensation chamber (105), The condensing chamber (105) is connected to the liquid distributor (116) through the main refrigerant pipeline equipped with a throttle valve (109), The liquid distributor (116) is arranged on the upper part of the evaporation chamber (107), The bottom of the evaporation chamber (107) is provided with a liquid collection tank (110) connected to the return pipe (114). 2. The defogging cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the condenser, water is used as the refrigerant and lithium bromide solution is used as the absorbent The evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106), the refrigerant vapor coming out from the evaporation chamber (107) enters the absorption chamber (106), The absorption chamber (106) is connected with the generation chamber (104), and the lithium bromide dilute solution in the absorption chamber (106) is transported in the generation chamber (104) with a solution pump (108), The generating chamber (104) is connected with the condensing chamber (105). The refrigerant in the solution evaporated from the waste heat source in the generating chamber (104) enters the condensing chamber (105), is condensed into a liquid by the cooling water, and then passes through the throttling chamber (104). The flow valve (109) expands to a low pressure, and then goes to the evaporation chamber (107) to absorb the heat of the hot and humid air in the cooling tower, The lithium bromide concentrated solution in the generation chamber (104) returns to the absorption chamber (106) through the throttle valve (109), and is reused to absorb the refrigerant, The evaporation chamber (107) is provided with a guide channel (113), and the guide channel (113) sends the condensed water into the water collection tank (111). 3. The defogging cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106) are pressure vessels, The vacuum degree of the evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106) is guaranteed by a canned pump, a vacuum pump and a vacuum space. 4. The defogging cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquid isolation device (117) is arranged between the evaporation chamber (107) and the absorption chamber (106), and its upper part adopts a single herringbone structure, so that the refrigerant vapor formed when the refrigerant liquid evaporates in the evaporation chamber (107) passes through the liquid isolation device. The herringbone channel on the top of the device (117) enters the absorption chamber (106), The refrigerant working fluid flows through the inner space of the evaporation chamber (107) under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the hot and humid air (125) through the wall (123) of the evaporation chamber (107), and part of the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the hot and humid air (125) outside to evaporate , the non-evaporated refrigerant flows into the sump (110) and returns to the spray pipe (115) of the liquid distributor (116) through the return pipe (114), A refrigerant pump (113) is provided on the return pipe (114). 5. The defogging cooling tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: An evaporating chamber (107) and an absorbing chamber (106) form a group, and multiple groups are arranged side by side, The liquid distributor (116) in each evaporation chamber (107) is connected to the main refrigerant pipeline through the spray pipe (115), and the liquid collection tanks (110) of each evaporation chamber (107) are connected to each other, and then the return pipe (114) ) to the spray pipe (115), The refrigerant is sprayed to the surface of each evaporation chamber through the liquid distributor (116), and exchanges heat with the hot and humid air (125) flowing outside the evaporation chamber (107). 6. The demister cooling tower according to claim 4, further comprising: The water spraying device (119), the heat circulating cooling water sprayed out by it is cooled by the cold air (124) entering through the air inlet at the lower part of the cooling tower in the filler (101), a condenser (121) for condensing the hot and humid air (125) at the outlet of the cooling tower, The fan (118) that the air condensed by the condenser (121) is discharged into the atmosphere. 7. The demister cooling tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The evaporation chamber includes a first header (131), a second header (132) and a tube group (134). The hot and humid air (125) traverses the tube group (134), and the refrigerant first enters the first header (131). Then flow through the tube bank (134), The evaporated refrigerant vapor enters the second header (132), and is absorbed by the absorption chamber (106) through the liquid isolation device (117). The non-evaporated refrigerant flows into the liquid collection tank (110), returns to the first header (131) through the return pipe (114), The arrangement of tube groups (134) includes straight row and/or fork row.